Disease surveillance methods used in the 8-site MAL-ED cohort study

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Volumn 59, Issue , 2014, Pages S220-S224

  Richard, Stephanie A ^a,d   Barrett, Leah J ^b   Guerrant, Richard L ^b   Checkley, William ^a,c,d   Acosta, Angel Mendez ^d   de Burga, Rosa Rios ^d   Chavez, Cesar Banda ^d   Flores, Julian Torres ^d   Olotegui, Maribel Paredes ^d   Pinedo, Silvia Rengifo ^d   Salas, Mery Siguas ^d   Trigoso, Dixner Rengifo ^d   Vasquez, Angel Orbe ^d   Ahmed, Imran ^d   Alam, Didar ^d   Ali, Asad ^d   Bhutta, Zulfiqar A ^d   Qureshi, Shahida ^d   Rasheed, Muneera ^d   Soofi, Sajid ^d   Turab, Ali ^d   Zaidi, Anita KM ^d   Bodhidatta, Ladaporn ^d   Mason, Carl J ^d   Babji, Sudhir ^d   Bose, Anuradha ^d   George, Ajila T ^d   Hariraju, Dinesh ^d   Jennifer, M Steffi ^d   John, Sushil ^d   Kaki, Shiny ^d   Kang, Gagandeep ^d   Karunakaran, Priyadarshani ^d   Koshy, Beena ^d   Lazarus, Robin P ^d   Muliyil, Jayaprakash ^d   Raghava, Mohan Venkata ^d   Raju, Sophy ^d   Ramachandran, Anup ^d   Ramadas, Rakhi ^d   Ramanujam, Karthikeyan ^d   Roshan, Reeba ^d   Sharma, Srujan L ^d   Shanmuga Sundaram, E ^d   Thomas, Rahul J ^d   Pan, William K ^d   Ambikapathi, Ramya ^d   Carreon, J Daniel ^d   Charu, Vivek ^d   Doan, Viyada ^d   Graham, Jhanelle ^d   Hoest, Christel ^d   Knobler, Stacey ^d   Lang, Dennis R ^d   McCormick, Benjamin JJ ^d   McGrath, Monica ^d   Miller, Mark A ^a,d   Mohale, Archana ^d   Nayyar, Gaurvika ^d   Psaki, Stephanie ^d   Rasmussen, Zeba ^d   Seidman, Jessica C ^d   Wang, Vivian ^d   Blank, Rebecca ^d   Gottlieb, Michael ^d   Tountas, Karen H ^d   Amour, Caroline ^d   Bayyo, Eliwaza ^d   Mduma, Estomih R ^d   Mvungi, Regisiana ^d   Nshama, Rosemary ^d   Pascal, John ^d   Swema, Buliga Mujaga ^d   Yarrot, Ladislaus ^d   Ahmed, Tahmeed ^d   Ahmed, AM Shamsir ^d   Haque, Rashidul ^d   Hossain, Iqbal ^d   Islam, Munirul ^d   Mahfuz, Mustafa ^d   Mondal, Dinesh ^d   Tofail, Fahmida ^d   Chandyo, Ram Krishna ^d   Shrestha, Prakash Sunder ^d   Shrestha, Rita ^d   Ulak, Manjeswori ^d   Bauck, Aubrey ^d   Black, Robert E ^d   Caulfield, Laura E ^d   Kosek, Margaret N ^d   Lee, Gwenyth ^d   Schulze, Kerry ^d   Yori, Pablo Peñataro ^d   Murray Kolb, Laura E ^d   Ross, A Catharine ^d   Schaefer, Barbara ^d   Simons, Suzanne ^d   Pendergast, Laura ^d   Abreu, Cláudia B ^d   Costa, Hilda ^d   Di Moura, Alessandra ^d   Filho, José Quirino ^d   Havt, Alexandre ^d   Leite, Álvaro M ^d   Lima, Aldo AM ^d   Lima, Noélia L ^d   Lima, Ila F ^d   Maciel, Bruna LL ^d   Medeiros, Pedro HQS ^d   Moraes, Milena ^d   Mota, Francisco S ^d   Oriá, Reinaldo B ^d   Quetz, Josiane ^d   Soares, Alberto M ^d   Mota, Rosa MS ^d   Patil, Crystal L ^d   Bessong, Pascal ^d   Mahopo, Cloupas ^d   Maphula, Angelina ^d   Nyathi, Emanuel ^d   Samie, Amidou ^d   more..

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d NONE

Author keywords

diarrhea; infectious disease; MAL ED; respiratory infection; surveillance

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT;

ARTICLE; AXILLA TEMPERATURE; BANGLADESH; BLOODY DIARRHEA; BRAZIL; COUGHING; DEHYDRATION; DIARRHEA; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; DYSPNEA; FEVER; HUMAN; INDIA; INFECTION; LIQUID FECES; LOOSE FECES; NEPAL; PAKISTAN; PERU; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; SOUTH AFRICA; TANZANIA; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MONITORING; INFANT; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; NEWBORN; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RISK FACTOR; VACCINATION;

CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; DIARRHEA; EPIDEMIOLOGIC RESEARCH DESIGN; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MONITORING; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; VACCINATION;

EID: 84913604118     PISSN: 10584838     EISSN: 15376591     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu435     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. The MAL-ED Network Investigators. The MAL-ED study: a multinational and multidisciplinary approach to understand the relationship between enteric pathogens, malnutrition, gut physiology, physical growth, cognitive development, and immune responses in infants and children up to 2 years of age in resource-poor environments. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S193-206.
2. Ahmed T, Mahfuz M, Islam M, et al. The MAL-ED cohort study in Mirpur, Bangladesh. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S280-6.
3. Bessong PO, Nyathi E, Mahopo C, et al. Development of the Dzimauli community in Vhembe district, Limpopo province of South Africa for the MAL-ED cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4): S317-24.
4. John SM, Thomas RJ, Kaki S, et al. Establishment of the MAL-ED birth cohort study site in Vellore, southern India. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S295-9.
5. Lima AA, Oriá RB, Soares AM, et al. Geography, population, demography, socioeconomic, anthropometry and environmental status the MAL-ED cohort and case-control study sites in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S287-94.
6. Mduma ER, Gratz J, Patil C, et al. The Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development Study (MAL-ED): description of the Tanzanian site. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S325-30.
7. Shrestha PS, Shrestha SK, Bodhidatta L, et al. Bhaktapur, Nepal: the MAL-ED birth cohort study in Nepal. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4): S300-3.
8. Turab A, Soofi SB, Ahmed I, Bhatti Z, Zaidi AK, Bhutta ZA. Demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics of the MAL-ED network study site in rural Pakistan. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S304-9.
9. Yori PP, Lee G, Olórtegui MP, et al. Santa clara de nanay: the MAL-ED cohort in Peru. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59(suppl 4):S310-6.
10. Scrimshaw NS. Nutrition and infection. J Am Med Womens Assoc 1962; 17:422-6.
11. Mata LJ, Urrutia JJ, Lechtig A. Infection and nutrition of children of a low socioeconomic rural community. Am J Clin Nutr 1971; 24:249-59.
12. Richard SA, Black RE, Gilman RH, et al. Diarrhea in early childhood: short-term association with weight and long-term association with length. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:1129-38.
13. CheckleyW, Buckley G, Gilman RH, et al. Multi-country analysis of the effects of diarrhoea on childhood stunting. Int J Epidemiol 2008; 37:816-30.
14. CheckleyW, Epstein LD, Gilman RH, Black RE, Cabrera L, Sterling CR. Effects of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in Peruvian children: growth faltering and subsequent catch-up growth. Am J Epidemiol 1998; 148:497-506.
15. Checkley W, Epstein LD, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Black RE. Effects of acute diarrhea on linear growth in Peruvian children. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 157:166-75.
16. Black RE, Brown KH, Becker S. Effects of diarrhea associated with specific enteropathogens on the growth of children in rural Bangladesh. Pediatrics 1984; 73:799-805.
17. Bairagi R, Chowdhury MK, Kim YJ, Curlin GT, Gray RH. The association between malnutrition and diarrhoea in rural Bangladesh. Int J Epidemiol 1987; 16:477-81.
18. Lutter CK, Mora JO, Habicht JP, et al. Nutritional supplementation: effects on child stunting because of diarrhea. Am J Clin Nutr 1989; 50:1-8.
19. Walker SP, Grantham-McGregor SM, Powell CA, Himes JH, Simeon DT. Morbidity and the growth of stunted and nonstunted children, and the effect of supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 56:504-10.
20. Moore SR, Lima AA, Conaway MR, Schorling JB, Soares AM, Guerrant RL. Early childhood diarrhoea and helminthiases associate with longterm linear growth faltering. Int J Epidemiol 2001; 30:1457-64.
21. Victora CG, Barros FC, Kirkwood BR, Vaughan JP. Pneumonia, diarrhea, and growth in the first 4 y of life: a longitudinal study of 5914 urban Brazilian children. Am J Clin Nutr 1990; 52:391-6.
22. Lee G, Yori P, Olortegui MP, et al. Comparative effects of vivax malaria, fever and diarrhoea on child growth. Int J Epidemiol 2012; 41:531-9.
23. Guerrant DI, Moore SR, Lima AA, Patrick PD, Schorling JB, Guerrant RL. Association of early childhood diarrhea and cryptosporidiosis with impaired physical fitness and cognitive function four-seven years later in a poor urban community in northeast Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 61:707-13.
24. Niehaus MD, Moore SR, Patrick PD, et al. Early childhood diarrhea is associated with diminished cognitive function 4 to 7 years later in children in a northeast Brazilian shantytown. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2002; 66:590-3.
25. Becker S, Black RE, Brown KH. Relative effects of diarrhea, fever, and dietary energy intake on weight gain in rural Bangladeshi children. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53:1499-503.
26. Schorling JB, Guerrant RL. Diarrhoea and catch-up growth. Lancet 1990; 335:599-600.
27. Briend A, Hasan KZ, Aziz KM, Hoque BA. Are diarrhoea control programmes likely to reduce childhood malnutrition? Observations from rural Bangladesh. Lancet 1989; 2:319-22.
28. Martorell R, Mendoza F, Castillo R. Poverty and stature in children. In: Waterlow JC. Linear growth retardation in less developed countries Nestle nutrition workshop series Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser. Vol 14. New York: Raven Press, 1988:57-73.
29. Guerrant RL, Schorling JB, McAuliffe JF, de Souza MA. Diarrhea as a cause and an effect of malnutrition: diarrhea prevents catch-up growth and malnutrition increases diarrhea frequency and duration. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1992; 47(1 pt 2):28-35.
30. Checkley W, Gilman RH, Epstein LD, et al. Asymptomatic and symptomatic cryptosporidiosis: their acute effect on weight gain in Peruvian children. Am J Epidemiol 1997; 145:156-63.
31. Cohen J. Weighted kappa: nominal scale agreement with provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit. Psychol Bull 1968; 70:213-20.
32. Baqui AH, Black RE, Yunus M, Hoque AR, Chowdhury HR, Sack RB. Methodological issues in diarrhoeal diseases epidemiology: definition of diarrhoeal episodes. Int J Epidemiol 1991; 20:1057-63.
33. Morris SS, Cousens SN, Lanata CF, Kirkwood BR. Diarrhoea-defining the episode. Int J Epidemiol 1994; 23:617-23.
34. Keusch GT, Fontaine O, Bhargava A, et al. Diarrheal diseases. Disease control priorities in developing countries. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006:371-88.
35. Lanata CF, Rudan I, Boschi-Pinto C, et al. Methodological and quality issues in epidemiological studies of acute lower respiratory infections in children in developing countries. Int J Epidemiol 2004; 33: 1362-72.
36. Pio A. Standard case management of pneumonia in children in developing countries: the cornerstone of the acute respiratory infection programme. Bull World Health Organ 2003; 81:298-300.
37. Lee G, Cama V, Gilman RH, et al. Comparison of two types of epidemiological surveys aimed at collecting daily clinical symptoms in community-based longitudinal studies. Ann Epidemiol 2010; 20: 151-8.
38. Wright JA, Gundry SW, Conroy R, et al. Defining episodes of diarrhoea: results from a three-country study in sub-Saharan Africa. J Health Popul Nutr 2006; 24:8-16.