Topical antibiotics for the management of bacterial keratitis: An evidence-based review of high quality randomised controlled trials

British Journal of Ophthalmology

Volumn 98, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 1470-1477

  McDonald, Elissa M ^a   Ram, Felix S F ^b   Patel, Dipika V ^a   McGhee, Charles N J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^b MASSEY UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOGLYCOSIDE ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CEFAZOLIN; CEPHALOSPORIN DERIVATIVE; CIPROFLOXACIN; GATIFLOXACIN; GENTAMICIN; MOXIFLOXACIN; OFLOXACIN; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TOBRAMYCIN; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; EYE DROPS; QUINOLONE DERIVATIVE;

ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL KERATITIS; CONJUNCTIVITIS; CORNEA PERFORATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; ENUCLEATION; EYE DISCOMFORT; HUMAN; KERATOPLASTY; META ANALYSIS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TOPICAL TREATMENT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; CORNEAL ULCER; EYE INFECTIONS, BACTERIAL; MICROBIOLOGY; TOPICAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

ADMINISTRATION, TOPICAL; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; CIPROFLOXACIN; CORNEAL ULCER; EYE INFECTIONS, BACTERIAL; FLUOROQUINOLONES; HUMANS; OPHTHALMIC SOLUTIONS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; TOBRAMYCIN;

EID: 84910153975     PISSN: 00071161     EISSN: 14682079     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304660     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Suwan-Apichon O, Reyes JM, Herretes S, et al. Topical corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for bacterial keratitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007:CD005430.
2. American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea/External Disease Panel. Preferred Practice Pattern Guidelines: Bacterial Keratitis-Limited Revision. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2011. [July 11, 2013]; http://www.aao.org/ppp
3. International Council of Ophthalmology. International Clinical Guidelines: Bacterial Keratitis. International Council of Ophthalmology. 2010 [cited 2013 March 12]; http://www.icoph.org/resources/resources-detail/75/ICO-International-Clinical-Guideline-Bacterial-Keratitis-Management-recommendations-.html
4. Shah A, Sachdev A, Coggon D, et al. Geographic variations in microbial keratitis: an analysis of the peer-reviewed literature. Br J Ophthalmol 2011;95:762-7.
5. McLeod SD, Kolahdouz-Isfahani A, Rostamian K, et al. The role of smears, cultures, and antibiotic sensitivity testing in the management of suspected infectious keratitis. Ophthalmology 1996;103:23-8.
6. Leibovitch I, Lai TF, Senarath L, et al. Infectious keratitis in South Australia: emerging resistance to cephazolin. Eur J Ophthalmol 2005;15:23-6.
7. Laspina F, Samudio M, Cibils D, et al . Epidemiological characteristics of microbiological results on patients with infectious corneal ulcers: a 13-year survey in Paraguay. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2004;242:204-9.
8. Sirikul T, Prabriputaloong T, Smathivat A, et al. Predisposing factors and etiologic diagnosis of ulcerative keratitis. Cornea 2008;27:283-7.
9. Leck AK, Thomas PA, Hagan M, et al. Aetiology of suppurative corneal ulcers in Ghana and south India, and epidemiology of fungal keratitis. Br J Ophthalmol 2002;86:1211-15.
10. Higgins J, Green S, eds. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.1.0). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011.
11. RevMan. Review Manager. 4.3 edn. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2006.
12. Higgins J, Green S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2011. [cited 2013 March 12]; Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]:[Cochrane Collaboration, 2011]. http://www.cochranehandbook.org
13. Laird NM, Mosteller F. Some statistical methods for combining experimental results. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1990;6:5-30.
14. Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 1959;22:719-48.
15. Altman DG, Andersen PK. Calculating the number needed to treat for trials where the outcome is time to an event. BMJ. 1999;319:1492-5.
16. Booranapong W, Kosrirukvongs P, Prabhasawat P, et al. Comparison of topical lomefloxacin 0.3 per cent versus topical ciprofloxacin 0.3 per cent for the treatment of presumed bacterial corneal ulcers. J Med Assoc Thai 2004;87:246-54.
17. Constantinou M, Daniell M, Snibson GR, et al. Clinical efficacy of moxifloxacin in the treatment of bacterial keratitis: a randomized clinical trial. Ophthalmology 2007;114:1622-9.
18. Dehghani A, Fazel F, Akhlagi M, et al. Cefazolin-gentamicin versus vancomycinceftazidime eye drops for bacterial corneal ulcers; a randomized clinical trial. J Opthal Vis Res 2009;4:19-23.
19. Erjongmanee S, Kasetsuwan N, Phusitphoykai N, et al. Clinical evaluation of ophthalmic lomefloxacin 0.3% in comparison with fortifi ed cefazolin and gentamicin ophthalmic solutions in the treatment of presumed bacterial keratitis. J Med Assoc Thai 2004;87(Suppl 2):S83-90.
20. Hyndiuk RA, Eiferman RA, Caldwell DR, et al. Comparison of ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.3% to fortified tobramycin-cefazolin in treating bacterial corneal ulcers. Ciprofloxacin Bacterial Keratitis Study Group. Ophthalmology 1996;103:1854-62.
21. Kasetsuwan N, Tanthuvanit P, Reinprayoon U. The efficiacy and safety of 0.5% levofloxacin versus fortified cefazolin and amikacin ophthalmic solution for the treatment of suspected and culture proven cases of infectious bacterial keratitis: a comparative study. Asian Biomed 2011;5:77-83.
22. Kosrirukvongs P, Buranapongs W. Topical ciprofloxacin for bacterial corneal ulcer. J Med Assoc Thai 2000;83:776-82.
23. O'Brien TP, Maguire MG, Fink NE, et al. Efficacy of ofloxacin vs cefazolin and tobramycin in the therapy for bacterial keratitis. Report from the Bacterial Keratitis Study Research Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1995;113:1257-65.
24. Panda A, Ahuja R, Sastry SS. Comparison of topical 0.3% ofloxacin with fortified tobramycin plus cefazolin in the treatment of bacterial keratitis. Eye (Lond) 1999;13:(Pt 6):744-7.
25. Parmar P, Salman A, Kalavathy CM, et al. Comparison of topical gatifloxacin 0.3% and ciprofloxacin 0.3% for the treatment of bacterial keratitis. Am J Ophthalmol 2006;141:282-6.
26. Pavesio C, Morlet N, Allan B, et al. Ofloxacin monotherapy for the primary treatment of microbial keratitis - a double-masked, randomized, controlled trial with conventional dual therapy. Ophthalmology 1997;104:1902-9.
27. Prajna NV, George C, Selvaraj S, et al. Bacteriologic and clinical efficacy of ofloxacin 0.3% versus ciprofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solutions in the treatment of patients with culture-positive bacterial keratitis. Cornea 2001;20:175-8.
28. Shah VM, Tandon R, Satpathy G, et al. Randomized clinical study for comparative evaluation of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones with the combination of fortified antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers. Cornea 2010;29:751-7.
29. Zhang M, Hu Y, Chen F. [Clinical investigation of 0.3% levofloxacin eyedrops on the treatment of cases with acute bacterial conjunctivitis and bacterial keratitis]. Yan Ke Xue Bao 2000;16:146-8.
30. Sampaio C, Alves M, Jose N, et al. Clinical evaluation of ciprofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution for treatment of bacterial keratitis [Avaliaçäo clínica do tratamento tópico das úlceras de córnea bacterianas com ciprofloxacina a 0,3 por cento]. Arq Bras Oftal 1994;57:329-32.
31. Sharma N, Goel M, Bansal S, et al. Evaluation of moxifloxacin 0.5% in treatment of nonperforated bacterial corneal ulcers: a randomized controlled trial. Ophthalmology 2013;120:1173-8.
32. Willcox MD. Review of resistance of ocular isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococci from keratitis to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and cephalosporins. Clin Exp Optom 2011;94:161-8.
33. Garg P, Sharma S, Rao GN. Ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas keratitis. Ophthalmology 1999;106:1319-23.
34. Bezwada P, Clark LA, Schneider S. Intrinsic cytotoxic effects of fluoroquinolones on human corneal keratocytes and endothelial cells. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24:419-24.
35. Vemuganti GK, Reddy K, Iftekhar G, et al. Keratocyte loss in corneal infection through apoptosis: a histologic study of 59 cases. BMC Ophthalmol 2004;4:16.
36. Lin CP, Boehnke M. Effect of fortified antibiotic solutions on corneal epithelial wound healing. Cornea 2000;19:204-6.
37. Chiquet C, Romanet JP. [Prescribing fortified eye drops]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2007;30:423-30.
38. Nelson JD, Silverman V, Lima PH, et al. Corneal epithelial wound healing: a tissue culture assay on the effect of antibiotics. Curr Eye Res 1990;9:277-85.
39. Stern GA, Schemmer GB, Farber RD, et al. Effect of topical antibiotic solutions on corneal epithelial wound healing. Arch Ophthalmol 1983;101:644-7.
40. Madhavan HN, Rao SK, Joseph PR, et al. Antibacterial activity of the white precipitate formed on the corneal surface after treatment with ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution. Cornea 1999;18:549-52.
41. Moreira LB, Lee RF, de Oliveira C, et al. Effect of topical fluoroquinolones on corneal re-epithelialization after excimer laser keratectomy. J Cataract Refract Surg 1997;23:845-8.
42. Tsai AC, Tseng MC, Chang SW, et al. Clinical evaluation of ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution in the treatment of refractory bacterial keratitis. J Formos Med Assoc 1995;94:760-4.
43. Wilhelmus KR, Abshire RL. Corneal ciprofloxacin precipitation during bacterial keratitis. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;136:1032-7.
44. Wilhelmus KR, Hyndiuk RA, Caldwell DR, et al. 0.3% ciprofloxacin ophthalmic ointment in the treatment of bacterial keratitis. The Ciprofloxacin Ointment/Bacterial Keratitis Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1993;111:1210-18.
45. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 2009;62:e1-34.