Stool characteristics of infants receiving short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides: A review

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 20, Issue 37, 2014, Pages 13446-13452

  Scholtens, Petra Amj ^a   Goossens, Dominique A M ^a   Staiano, Annamaria ^b  

^a DANONE NUTRICIA RESEARCH   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

Author keywords

Infants; Long chain fructooligosaccharides; Short chain galactooligosaccharides; Stool consistency; Stool frequency

Indexed keywords

FRUCTOSE OLIGOSACCHARIDE; GALACTOSE OLIGOSACCHARIDE; LONG CHAIN FRUCTOSE OLIGOSACCHARIDE; PREBIOTIC AGENT; SHORT CHAIN GALACTOSE OLIGOSACCHARIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; OLIGOSACCHARIDE;

ARTIFICIAL MILK; BOTTLE FEEDING; BREAST FEEDING; BREAST MILK; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CONSTIPATION; DEFECATION HABIT; FECES ANALYSIS; FECES COMPOSITION; GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY; HARD FECES; HUMAN; INFANT; INFANT FEEDING; INTESTINE TRANSIT TIME; MOLECULAR SIZE; PREMATURITY; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE; CHEMISTRY; DEFECATION; FECES; GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT; GESTATIONAL AGE; INFANT NUTRITION; NEWBORN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RISK FACTOR; TERM BIRTH;

CONSTIPATION; DEFECATION; FECES; GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT FORMULA; INFANT NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, PREMATURE; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; PREBIOTICS; RISK FACTORS; TERM BIRTH;

EID: 84909992137     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: 22192840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13446     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. van den Berg MM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of childhood constipation: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101: 2401-2409 [PMID: 17032205 DOI:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00771.x]
2. Hyman PE, Milla PJ, Benninga MA, Davidson GP, Fleisher DF, Taminiau J. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: neonate/toddler. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 1519-1526 [PMID: 16678565 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.065]
3. Partin JC, Hamill SK, Fischel JE, Partin JS. Painful defecation and fecal soiling in children. Pediatrics 1992; 89: 1007-1009 [PMID: 1594338]
4. Borowitz SM, Cox DJ, Tam A, Ritterband LM, Sutphen JL, Penberthy JK. Precipitants of constipation during early childhood. J Am Board Fam Pract 2003; 16: 213-218 [PMID: 12755248 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.16.3.213]
5. Davidson M, Kugler MM, Bauer CH. Diagnosis and management in children with severe and protracted constipation and obstipation. J Pediatr 1963; 62: 261-275 [PMID: 14025378 DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3476(63)80404-7]
6. Iacono G, Merolla R, D'Amico D, Bonci E, Cavataio F, Di Prima L, Scalici C, Indinnimeo L, Averna MR, Carroccio A. Gastrointestinal symptoms in infancy: a population-based prospective study. Dig Liver Dis 2005; 37: 432-438 [PMID: 15893282 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2005.01.009]
7. Quinlan PT, Lockton S, Irwin J, Lucas AL. The relationship between stool hardness and stool composition in breast- and formula-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995; 20: 81-90 [DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199501000-00014]
8. Weaver LT, Ewing G, Taylor LC. The bowel habit of milkfed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1988; 7: 568-571 [PMID: 3397847 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-198807000-00015]
9. Stahl B, Thurl S, Zeng J, Karas M, Hillenkamp F, Steup M, Sawatzki G. Oligosaccharides from human milk as revealed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 1994; 223: 218-226 [PMID: 7887467 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1994.1577]
10. Kunz C, Rudloff S, Baier W, Klein N, Strobel S. Oligosaccharides in human milk: structural, functional, and metabolic aspects. Annu Rev Nutr 2000; 20: 699-722 [PMID: 10940350 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.699]
11. Gibson GR, Prebiotics, Oligosaccharides. Dietary modulation of the human gut microflora using prebiotics. Br J Nutr 1998; 80: S209-212
12. Gibson GR, Probert HM, Loo JV, Rastall RA, Roberfroid MB. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: updating the concept of prebiotics. Nutr Res Rev 2004; 17: 259-275 [PMID: 19079930 DOI: 10.1079/NRR200479]
13. Macfarlane S, Macfarlane GT, Cummings JH. Review article: prebiotics in the gastrointestinal tract. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006; 24: 701-714 [PMID: 16918875 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03042.x]
14. Roberfroid M, Slavin J. Nondigestible oligosaccharides. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 2000; 40: 461-480 [DOI: 10.1080/10408690091189239]
15. Roberfroid M, Gibson GR, Hoyles L, McCartney AL, Rastall R, Rowland I, Wolvers D, Watzl B, Szajewska H, Stahl B, Guarner F, Respondek F, Whelan K, Coxam V, Davicco MJ, Léotoing L, Wittrant Y, Delzenne NM, Cani PD, Neyrinck AM, Meheust A. Prebiotic effects: metabolic and health benefits. Br J Nutr 2010; 104 Suppl 2: S1-63 [PMID: 20920376 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114510003363]
16. Mortensen PB, Clausen MR. Short-chain fatty acids in the human colon: relation to gastrointestinal health and disease. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1996; 216: 132-148 [PMID: 8726286 DOI: 10.3109/00365529609094568]
17. Lidestri M, Agosti M, Marini A, Boehm G. Oligosaccharides might stimulate calcium absorption in formula-fed preterm infants. Acta Paediatr Suppl 2003; 91: 91-92 [PMID: 14599050]
18. Roberfroid MB. Introducing inulin-type fructans. Br J Nutr 2005; 93 Suppl 1: S13-S25 [PMID: 15877886 DOI: 10.1079/BJN20041350]
19. Cummings JH. Constipation, dietary fibre and the control of large bowel function. Postgrad Med J 1984; 60: 811-819 [PMID: 6095241 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.60.709.811]
20. Roberfroid M. Dietary fiber, inulin, and oligofructose: a review comparing their physiological effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 1993; 33: 103-148 [PMID: 8257475 DOI: 10.1080/10408399309527616]
21. Cherbut C. Motor effects of short-chain fatty acids and lactate in the gastrointestinal tract. Proc Nutr Soc 2003; 62: 95-99 [PMID: 12740048 DOI: 10.1079/PNS2002213]
22. Van Loo J, Cummings J, Delzenne N, Englyst H, Franck A, Hopkins M, Kok N, Macfarlane G, Newton D, Quigley M, Roberfroid M, van Vliet T, van den Heuvel E. Functional food properties of non-digestible oligosaccharides: a consensus report from the ENDO project (DGXII AIRII-CT94-1095). Br J Nutr 1999; 81: 121-132 [PMID: 10450330]
23. Cebra JJ . Influences of microbiota on intestinal immune system development. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69: 1046S-1051S [PMID: 10232647]
24. Tazoe H, Otomo Y, Kaji I, Tanaka R, Karaki SI, Kuwahara A. Roles of short-chain fatty acids receptors, GPR41 and GPR43 on colonic functions. J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 59 (Suppl 2): 251-262[PMID: 18812643]
25. Yajima T. Contractile effect of short-chain fatty acids on the isolated colon of the rat. J Physiol 1985; 368: 667-678 [PMID: 2867220]
26. Boehm G, Fanaro S, Jelinek J, Stahl B, Marini A. Prebiotic concept for infant nutrition. Acta Paediatr Suppl 2003; 91: 64-67 [PMID: 14599044]
27. Moro GE, Boehm G. Clinical Outcomes of Prebiotic Intervention Trials during Infancy: A Review. Func Food Rev 2012; 4: 000-000
28. Macfarlane GT, Steed H, Macfarlane S. Bacterial metabolism and health-related effects of galacto-oligosaccharides and other prebiotics. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 104: 305-344 [PMID: 18215222]
29. Costalos C, Kapiki A, Apostolou M, Papathoma E. The effect of a prebiotic supplemented formula on growth and stool microbiology of term infants. Early Hum Dev 2008; 84: 45-49 [PMID: 17433577 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2007.03.001]
30. Moro G, Minoli I, Mosca M, Fanaro S, Jelinek J, Stahl B, Boehm G. Dosage-related bifidogenic effects of galacto- and fructooligosaccharides in formula-fed term infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34: 291-295 [PMID: 11964956 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200203000-00014]
31. Veereman-Wauters G, Staelens S, Van de Broek H, Plaskie K, Wesling F, Roger LC, McCartney AL, Assam P. Physiological and bifidogenic effects of prebiotic supplements in infant formulae. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011; 52: 763-771 [PMID: 21593649 DOI: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182139f39]
32. Bisceglia M, Indrio F, Riezzo G, Poerio V, Corapi U, Raimondi F. The effect of prebiotics in the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. Acta Paediatr 2009; 98: 1579-1581 [PMID: 19555446 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2009.01387.x]
33. Mihatsch WA, Hoegel J, Pohlandt F. Prebiotic oligosaccharides reduce stool viscosity and accelerate gastrointestinal transport in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95: 843-848 [PMID: 16801182 DOI: 10.1080/08035250500486652]
34. Boehm G, Lidestri M, Casetta P, Jelinek J, Negretti F, Stahl B, Marini A. Supplementation of a bovine milk formula with an oligosaccharide mixture increases counts of faecal bifidobacteria in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonetal Ed 2002; 86: F178-181[PMID: 11978748]
35. Modi N, Uthaya S, Fell J, Kulinskaya E. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the effect of prebiotic oligosaccharides on enteral tolerance in preterm infants (ISRCTN77444690). Pediatr Res 2010; 68: 440-445 [PMID: 20639792 DOI: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181f1cd59]
36. Boehm G, Moro G. Structural and functional aspects of prebiotics used in infant nutrition. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1818S-1828S [PMID: 18716193]
37. Moro GE, Stahl B, Fanaro S, Jelinek J, Boehm G, Coppa GV. Dietary prebiotic oligosaccharides are detectable in the faeces of formula-fed infants. Acta Paediatr Suppl 2005; 94: 27-30 [PMID: 16214762 DOI: 10.1080/08035320510043510]
38. Haarman M, Knol J. Quantitative real-time PCR assays to identify and quantify fecal Bifidobacterium species in infants receiving a prebiotic infant formula. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71: 2318-2324 [PMID: 15870317 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.71.5.2318-2324.2005]
39. Haarman M, Knol J. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of fecal Lactobacillus species in infants receiving a prebiotic infant formula. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72: 2359-2365 [PMID: 16597930 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.72.4.2359-2365.2006]
40. Knol J, Scholtens P, Kafka C, Steenbakkers J, Gro S, Helm K, Klarczyk M, Schöpfer H, Böckler HM, Wells J. Colon microflora in infants fed formula with galacto- and fructooligosaccharides: more like breast-fed infants. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2005; 40: 36-42 [PMID: 15625424 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-200501000-00007]
41. Moro G, Arslanoglu S, Stahl B, Jelinek J, Wahn U, Boehm G. A mixture of prebiotic oligosaccharides reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis during the first six months of age. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 814-819 [PMID: 16873437 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2006.098251]
42. Scholtens PA, Alles MS, Bindels JG, van der Linde EG, Tolboom JJ, Knol J. Bifidogenic effects of solid weaning foods with added prebiotic oligosaccharides: a randomised controlled clinical trial. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2006; 42: 553-559 [PMID: 16707980 DOI: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000221887.28877.c7]
43. Scholtens PA, Alliet P, Raes M, Alles MS, Kroes H, Boehm G, Knippels LM, Knol J, Vandenplas Y. Fecal secretory immunoglobulin A is increased in healthy infants who receive a formula with short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and longchain fructo-oligosaccharides. J Nutr 2008; 138: 1141-1147 [PMID: 18492847]
44. Indrio F, Riezzo G, Raimondi F, Francavilla R, Montagna O, Valenzano ML, Cavallo L, Boehm G. Prebiotics improve gastric motility and gastric electrical activity in preterm newborns. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009; 49: 258-261 [PMID: 19561548 DOI: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181926aec]
45. Labayen I, Forga L, González A, Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, Nutr R, Martínez JA. Relationship between lactose digestion, gastrointestinal transit time and symptoms in lactose malabsorbers after dairy consumption. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15: 543-549 [PMID: 11284784 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00952.x]
46. Kelly G. Inulin-type prebiotics - a review: part 1. Altern Med Rev 2008; 13: 315-329 [PMID: 19152479]
47. Stewart ML, Timm DA, Slavin JL. Fructooligosaccharides exhibit more rapid fermentation than long-chain inulin in an in vitro fermentation system. Nutr Res 2008; 28: 329-334 [PMID: 19083428 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.02.014]
48. Russo M, Martinelli M, Sciorio E, Botta C, Miele E, Vallone G, Staiano A. Stool consistency, but not frequency, correlates with total gastrointestinal transit time in children. J Pediatr 2013; 162: 1188-1192 [PMID: 23312678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.11.082]
49. Gutiérrez C, Marco A, Nogales A, Tebar R. Total and segmental colonic transit time and anorectal manometry in children with chronic idiopathic constipation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 35: 31-38 [PMID: 12142807]
50. van Ginkel R, Reitsma JB, Büller HA, van Wijk MP, Taminiau JA, Benninga MA. Childhood constipation: longitudinal follow-up beyond puberty. Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 357-363 [PMID: 12891536]