A Path toward gender equality: State feminism in Japan

A Path Toward Gender Equality: State Feminism in Japan

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-225

  Kobayashi, Yoshie ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84909593139     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203508671     Document Type: Book

References (325)

1. Abe, Hitoshi, Muneyuki Shindo, and Sadafumi Kawato. The Government and Politics of Japan. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press, 1994.
2. Agora. "Josei Sabetu Teppai Jōyaku No Mitoshi Ha." Agora (23, 1980):202-06.
3. Aiuchi, Masako. "How Women Won or Lost in the Japanese Lower House Election: Case Studies of Women Candidates Who Ran as Challengers." PS: Political Science and Politics XXXIV no.2 (2001):221-24.
4. Akamatsu, Ryōko, and Kokusai Josei no Chii Kyōkai. Joshi Sabetsu Teppai Jōyaku: Kokusaika no Naka no Josei No Chii: the Women's Convention Tokyo: Sanseidō, 1990.
5. Allison, Anne. Nightwork: Sexuality, Pleasure, and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Club. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
6. Amakasu, Keisuke. "Gekigou Zenki No Omoide." In Mirai Wo Hiraku:Rōdōshō Josei Gyōsei Hanseiki No Ayumi [To Pioneer the Future. Development of Women's Labor Policy]. Edited by. Women Labor Association, 79. Tokyo: Women Labor Association, 2000.
7. AMPO. (Japan Asia Quarterly Review). Voices from the Japanese Women's Move ment Japan in the Modern World. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E.Sharpe, 1996.
8. Anderson, James E. Public Policymaking: An Introduction. 3rd ed. Boston:Houghton Mifflin, 1997.
9. Armstrong, J.D. The Rise of the International Organization: A Short History. London: Macmillan, 1982.
10. Armstrong, J.D., Lorna Lloyd, and John R.Edmond. From Versailles to Maastricht: International Organization in the Twentieth Century. New York: St. Martin, 1996.
11. Aronowitz, Stanley. The Politics of Identity: Class, Culture, Social Movements. New York: Routge, 1992.
12. Asakura, Mutsuko. Danjo Koyo Byōdō Hōron: Igirisu to Nihon. Tokyo:Domesu Shuppan, 1991.
13. Barrett, Michele. Women's Oppression Today: Problems in Marxist Feminist Anal ysis. London: Schoken Books, 1980.
14. Barrett, Michele, and Mary McIntosh. The Anti-Social Family. London: NLB, 1982.
15. Bennet, Linda L.M. and Stephen E.Bennet. "Changing Views About Gender Equality in Politics: Gradual Change and Lingering Doubts." In Women in Politics: Outsiders or Insiders: A Collection of Readings. Edited by. Lois Lovelac. Edited byuke, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall 1993.
16. Berkovitch, Nitza. From Motherhood to Citizenship: Women's Rights and International Organizations. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press 1999.
17. Bokor-Szegö, Hanna. The Role of the Unit Nations in International Legislation. New York: North-Holland Pub. Co., 1978.
18. Borchorst, Anette. "A Political Niche. Denmark's Equal Status Council." In Comparative State Feminism. Edited by Dorothy M.Stetson and Amy Mazur 59-75.Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1995.
19. Borchorst, Anette. "The Scandinavian Welfare States-Patriarchal, Gender Neutral or Women-Friendly" International Journal of Contemporary Sociology 31, no. 1 (1994):45-68.
20. Borchorst, Anette and B.Siim. "Women and The Advanced Welfare State-a New Kind of Patriarchal Power" In Women and the State: The Shifting Boundaries of Public and Private. Edited by Anne Showstack Sassoon, 128-157. London: Unwin Hyman, 1987.
21. Boserup, Easter. Women's Role in Economic Development. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1970.
22. Boxer, Marilyn J., and Jean H.Quataert. Connecting Spheres: Women in the Western World, 1500 to the Present. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
23. Brown, Catherine W. "Japanese Approach to Equal Rights for Women: The Legal Framework." In Law and Society in Contemporary Japan: American Perspectives. Edited by John O.Haley, 1988.
24. Buckley, Sandra. "A Short History of the Feminist Movement in Japan." In Women of Japan and Korea: Continuity and Change. Edited by Joyce Gelb and Marian Lief Palley, 150-86. Philadelphia: Temple University Press 1994.
25. Bukstei, J and L.N.Johansen. "Variations in Organizational Participation in Government: The Case of Denmark." Scandinavian Political Studies. 2 (1979): 197-220.
26. Burrell, Barbara. "Women and Public Policy: A Special Symposium Issue." Journal of Policy Studies 25, no. 4 (1997):565-647.
27. Buystydzienski, Jill M. "Women's Equality Structures in Norway: The Equal Status Council." In Comparative State Feminism. Edited by. Dorothy M.Stetson and Amy Mazur, 187-202. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications 1995.
28. Cabinet Office. Danjo Kyōdō Sankaku Hakusho, 2001[White Paper of Gender Equality]. Tokyo: Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance, 2002.
29. Cabinet Office. Danjo Kyōdō Sankaku Hakusho, 2000 [White Paper of Gender Equality]. Tokyo: Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance, 2001.
30. Cabinet Office. Josei No Seisaku Kettei Sankaku Joukyou Shirabe [Survey of Women's Participation in Decision-making]. Printing Bureau of Ministry of Finance, 2001.
31. Calder, Kent E. Crisis and Compensation: Public Policy and Political Stability in Japan, 1949-1986. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1988.
32. Campbell, John Creighton. "Bureaucratic Primacy: Japanese Policy Communities in an American Perspective." Governance: an international journal of policy and Administration 2 no. 1 (1989):5-22.
33. Cannings, Kathleen and William Lazonick. "Equal Employment Opportunity And the Managerial Woman in Japan." Industrial Relations 33 (1994):44-69.
34. Caporaso, James A. The Elusive State: International and Comparative Perspectives. Newbury Park, CA.: Sage Publications 1989.
35. Charles, Nickie, and Jo Campling. Feminism, the State and Social Policy. New York: St.Martin's Press, 2000.
36. Chilcote, Ronald H. Theories of Comparative Politics: The Search for a Paradigm Reconsider. Second ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994.
37. Chodorow, Nancy. The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the Sociology of Gender. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.
38. Cook, Alice Hanson, and Hiroko Hayashi. Working Women in Japan:Discrimination, Resistance, and Reform. Ithaca, N.Y.: New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, 1980.
39. Cook, Alice Hanson, and Hiroko Hayashi. Working Women in Japan: Discrimination, Resistance, and Reform. Ithaca, N.Y.: New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, 1980.
40. Damgaard, E. and K.Eliassen. "Corporate Pluralism in Danish Law-Making." Scandinavian Political Studies, 1 (1978):285-313.
41. Davin, Delia. Woman-Work: Women and the Party in Revolutionary China. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976.
42. deLeon, Peter. "The Stages Approach to the Policy Process: What Has It Done Where Is It Going "In Theories of the Policy Process. Edited by. Paul A. Abatier, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.
43. Diamond, Irene. Families, Politics, and Public Policy: A Feminist Dialogue on Women and the State. New York: Longman, 1983.
44. Dijkstra, Tjalling and J.Swiebel. "De Overheid En Het Vrouwenvraagstuk:Emancipatie Als Mode En Taboe [Government and the Women's Question:Policy as Fashion and Taboo]." Socialisteis-Feministiese Teksen. 7 (1982):42-62.
45. Donnely, Jack. "International Human Rights: A Regime Analysis." International Organization 40 (1985):599-642.
46. Easton, David. A Systems Analysis of Political Life. New York: Wiley, 1965.
47. Edited bywards, Linda N. "The Status of Women in Japan: Has the Equal Employment Opportunity Law Made a Difference" Journal of Asian Economics 5 (Summer 1994):217-40.
48. Ehara, Yumiko. Joseikaihō to Ie Shisō (the Ideology of Women's Liberation) Tokyo: Keisō Shobō, 1985.
49. Eisenstein, Zillah. The Radical Future of Liberal Feminism. New York:Longman, 1981.
50. Eto, Mikiko. "Women's Leverage on Social Policymaking in Japan." PS:Political Science and Politics XXXVI no. 2 (2001):241-46.
51. Ferguson, Kathy E. The Feminist Case against Bureaucracy. Philadelphia:Temple University Press 1984.
52. Finley, Lucinda M. "Transcending Equality Theory: Way out of the Maternity and the Workplac. Edited byebate." Columbia Law Review 86 (October 1986): 1118-83.
53. Firestone, Shulamith. The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution. Rev. Ed. New York: Bantam Books, 1971.
54. Flammang, Janet A. Women's Political Voice: How Women Are Transforming the Practice and Study of Politics. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1997.
55. Franzway, Suzann. Dianne Court and R.W.Connell. Staking a Claim:Feminism, Bureaucracy and the State. Oxford: Polity Press 1989.
56. Friedan, Betty. The Feminine Mystique. New York: Norton, 1963.
57. Fujita, Taki. "Joshi Kōtō Kyōiku Heno Adobaisu." In Senryōka No Nihon Fujin Seisaku: Sono Rekishi to Shōgen. Edited by. Kiyoko Nishi, 81-89. Tokyo:Domesu Shuppan, 1985.
58. Fujiwara, Eiko. "GHQ to Fujin Shōnen Kyoku." In Mirai Wo Hiraku: Rōdōshō Josei Gyōsei Hanseiki No Ayumi. Edited by. Josei Rōdō Kyōkai 73-4. Tokyo: Josei Rōdō Kyōkai, 2000.
59. Gelb, Joyce. "The Equal Employment Opportunity Law: A Decade of Change for Japanese Women" Law & Policy 22 no. 304 (2000):385-407.
60. Gelb, Joyce. Feminism and Politics: A Comparative Perspective. Berkeley:University of California Press, 1989.
61. Gibson, John Schuyler. International Organizations, Constitutional Law, and Human Rights. New York: Praeger, 1991.
62. Gilligan, Carol. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1982.
63. Gilligan, Carol. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women's Development. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.
64. Goffman, Erving. Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1974.
65. Gordon, Linda. Women, the State, and Welfare. Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press, 1990.
66. Grant, Wyn. The Political Economy of Corporatism Sociology, Politics, and Cities. London: Macmillan, 1985.
67. Gunew, Sneja Marina, and Anna Yeatman. Feminism and the Politics of Difference. Boulder: Westview Press, 1993.
68. Hanami, Tadashi. Gendai No Koyō Byōdō [Equality in Employment]. Tokyo:Sanseidō, 1986.
69. Hanami, Tadashi. "Hantai Ronsha he Hō no Jōshiki' wo Osiemasu: Danjo Koyō Byōdō Hōan wo Dō Yomuka [I Will Teach Contenders Wisdoms of Law: How to Read the Bill of the EEOL]." Chū ō Kōron. 99 no. 8 (1984):152-61.
70. Hargadine, Eileen. "The Politics of the Second Electorate: Women and Public Participation: Britain, USA, Canada, Australia, France, Spain, West Germany, Italy, Sweden, Finland, Eastern Europe, USSR, Japan." Edited by. Jill Hills and Joni Lovenduski, Boston: Routl. Edited byge & Kegan Paul, 1981.
71. Hartsock, Nancy C.M. The feminist standpoint revisited and other essays. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998.
72. Hartsock, Nancy C.M. Money, Sex, and Power: Toward a Feminist Historical Materialism. New York: Longman, 1983.
73. Hasegawa, Michiko. "Danjo Koyō Byōdō Hō Wa Bunka No Seitaikei Wo Hakai Suru [The Law of Equal Employment Will Destroy Our Cultural Ecosystem]." Chū ō Kōron 99 no. 5 (1984):78-87.
74. Hasegawa, Michiko. 'Danjo Koyō Kikai Kinto Hō' Wo Kanngae Nukeba [Considering the EEOL]." Chū ō Kōron 99 no. 10 (1984):116-32.
75. Hasegawa, Michiko. "Danjo Koyō Kintō Hō Wa Nihon Wo Tsubusu [The Equal Employment Opportunity Law Ruins Japan]." Shokun 16 no. 7 (1984):268-77.
76. Hasegawa, Michiko. "Equality of the Sexes Threatens Cultural Ecology." Economic Eye June (1984):19.
77. Hashimoto, Hiroko, Kakuta Takuko, Sumiya Mikio and Watanabe Michiko. "Hataraku Josei Ni Totte, Byōdō Towa [What Does 'Equality' Mean to Working Women]." Ekonomisuto (October 2 1984):60.
78. Hastings, Sally Ann. "Women Legislators in the Postwar Diet." In Re-Imaging Japanese Women. Edited by. Anne E.Imamura 271-300.Berkeley, Calif.:University of California Press, 1996.
79. Hayashi, Hiroko. "Koyō Sabetsu Saiban No Genjō: Ima, Josei No Kenriha [Current Situation of Gender Discrimination in Employment: Now, Women's Rights]." Kokusai Josei 14 no. 12 (2000):140-46.
80. Heclo, Hugh. "The Executive Establishment." In The New American Political System. Edited by. Anthony King, 87-124. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1980.
81. Hernes, Helga Maria. Welfare State and Woman Power: Essays in State Feminism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
82. Hiratsuka, Raicho. "Bosei Hogo No Shucho Wa Iraishugi Ka [Is th. Edited byemand for Protection of Motherhood a Kind of Parasitism]." Fujin kōron 3 no. 5 (1918). in Nobuko Kauchi, Shiryō bosei hogo ronsō. 86-91, Tokyo: Domesu Shuppan,1984.
83. Honig, Emily, and Gail Hershatter. Personal Voices: Chinese Women in the 1980's. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1988.
84. Ida, Naotaka, Nakayama Tsuneo, Sumiya Mikio, and Watanabe Kazuro. "Kigyō no Myonichi wo Tou Josei Koyō [the Challeng to the Future of the Firm of Female Employment]." Ekonomisuto (July 3 1984):50.
85. Ido, Kazuo, Kono Tadayoshi, and Sumiya Mikio. "Josei Koyō wo Ikanai Teichaku Saseruka [How Should Women's Employment Be Made Secure]." Inglehart, Ronald. Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton, N.J.:Princeton University Press, 1990.
86. Inglehart, Ronald. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1997.
87. Inglehart, Ronald. The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles among Western Publics. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1977.
88. Inglehart, Ronald and Pippa Norris. Cultural Obstacles to Equal Representation. Journal of Democracy. 12 no 3 (2001):126-40.
89. Inoguchi, Takashi. Gendai Nihon Seiji Keizai No Kōzu: Seifu to Shijō. Tokyo:Tōyō Keizai Shinpōsha, 1983.
90. Inoue, Shigeko. "Fujin no Chōsa Kusawake no Koro." Kuresu. May (1990):112-25.
91. Institution of the Twenty-first Century Employment. "Sōgō Shoku Josei no Shōgyō Jōtai Chōsa Kekka Gaiyō." Women & Work 133 no. 9 (2000):22-25.
92. Inter-Parliamentary Union. Women in National Parliaments. Accessed on 21 March 2002, available from http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm; internet.
93. International Labor Organization. Legislative Series, 1972. Geneva: ILO, 1972.
94. Iwai, Tomoaki. "The Madonna Boom: Women in Japanese Diet." Journal of Japanese Studies 19 no. 1 (1993):103-20.
95. Iwamoto, Misako. "The Madonna Boom: The Progress of Japanese Women into Politics in the 1980s." PS: Political Science and Politics XXXIV no. 2 (2001): 225-26.
96. Iwao, Sumiko. The Japanese Woman: Traditional Image and Changing Reality. New York: Maxwell Macmillan, 1993.
97. Japan Institute of Women's Employment. Kōsubetsu Koyō Kanri Ni Kansuru Kenkyu-Kai Hōkokusho [Survey Report on Career Tracking].Tokyo: Japan Institute of Women's Employment, 1991.
98. Johansen, Lars Norby and Ole P.Kristensen. "Corporatist Traits in Denmark, 1946-1976." In Patterns of Corporatist Policy-Making. Edited by. Gerhard Lehmbruch and Philippe C.Schmitter. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications 1982.
99. Johnson, Chalmers. "The Institutional Foundations of Japanese Industrial Policy." In The Politics of industrial policy: a conference sponsored by the American EnterpriseInstitute for Public Policy Research. Edited by Claude E.Barfield and William A.Schambra, 187-205. Washington, DC: A.E.I., 1986.
100. Johnson, Chalmers. Miti and the Japanese Miracle. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1982.
101. Josei Rōdō Kyōkai: Josei to Shigoto to. Mirai Wo Hiraku: Rōdōshō Josei Gyōsei HanseikiNo Ayumi [To Pioneer the Futur. Edited byevelopment of Women's LaborPolicy]. Edited by Josei Shokugyo Zaidan. Tokyo: Josei Shokugyō Zaidan, 2000.
102. Kaneko, Sachiko. "The Struggle for Legal Rights and Reforms: A Historical View." In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives on the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by. Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow and Atsuko Kameda, 3-14. New York: Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 1995.
103. Kanto Management Association. Danjo Koyō Kikai Kintō Hō to Korekar No Koyōkanri No Hōkō [Equal Employment Opportunity Law and The Future Direction of Personnel Management]. Tokyo: Kanto Management Association, 1986.
104. Karl, Marilee. Women and Empowerment: Participation and Decision Making Women and World Development Series. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Z. Edited by Books, 1995.
105. Karvonen, Lauri. "Women and Men at Work." World Health January (1971):3-9.
106. Kato, Shizue. "GHQ No Fujin Komon." In Senryō Ka No Nihon Fujin Seisaku:Sono Rekishi to Shōgen. Edited by. Kiyoko Nishi 56-69. Tokyo: Domesu Shuppan 1985.
107. Kawashima, Toshiko. "Baishun Bōshi Hō Seiritu Made No Chihō Deno Torikumi." In Mirai Wo Hiraku: Rōdōshō Josei Gyōsei Hanseiki No Ayumi. Edited by. Josei Rōdō Kyōkai, 74-5. Tokyo: Josei Rōdō Kyōkai, 2000.
108. Kawashima, Yoko. "Female Workers: An Overview of Past and Current Trends." In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives on the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by. Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow and Atsuko Kameda, 271-93. New York: Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 1995.
109. Kaya, Emiko. ""Mitsui Mariko: An Avowed Feminist Assemblywoman."" In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives in the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by. K.Fujiwara-Fanselow and A.Kameda, 384-92. New York: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 1995.
110. Kingdon, John W. Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies. Boston: Little Brown 1984.
111. Kingdon, John W. Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policies. Boston: Little Brown, 1995.
112. Kinjo, Kiyoko. "Legal Challenges to the Status Quo." In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives on the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by. Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow and Atsuko Kameda, 353-64. New York: Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 1995.
113. Knapp, Kiyoko K. "Still Office Flowers: Japanese Women Betrayed by the Equal Employment Opportunities Law." Harvard Women's Law Journal 18 Spring (1995):83-137.
114. Kobayashi, Yoshie. "Japanese Women's Roles in World War Ii." Paper presented at the International Conference of Asia Scholars, Netherlands 1998.
115. Kokusai Fujinen Osaka no Kai. Shiryō Kokusai Fujin'nen: Kokuren Fujin No Junen Kara Nijuisseiki he Byōdō Hatten Heiwa. Osaka: Sōgensha, 1985.
116. Kondo, Dorinne K. Crafting Selves: Power, Gender, and Discourses of Identity in a Japanese Workplace. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
117. Koudou suru kai, kiroku henshu iinkai. Kōdō Suru Onna Tachi Ga Hiraita Michi. Tokyo: Miraisha, 1999.
118. Krauss, Ellis and Muramatsu Michio. "The Conservative Policy Line and the Development of Patterned Pluralism." In The Political Economy of Japan. Edited by Kozo Yamamura, Yasusuke Murakami and Hugh T.Patrick, 516-54. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1987.
119. Krauss, Ellis and Muramatsu Michio. "Japanese Political Economy Today: The Patterned Pluralist Model." In Inside the Japanese System: Readings on Contemporary Society and Political Economy. Edited by Daniel I.Okimoto and Thomas P.Rohlen, 208-10. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1988.
120. Krauss, Ellis S. "Politics and Policymaking." In Democracy in Japan. Edited by. Takeshi Ishida and Ellis S.Krauss, 39-64. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1989.
121. Kubo, Kimiko and Gelb, Joyce. "Obstacles and Opportunities: Women and Political Participation in Japan." In Women of Japan and Korea:Continuity and Change. Edited by. Joyce Gelb and Marian Lief Palley, 120-49. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.
122. Kubota, Manae. "Josei Gyōsei 50nen Wo Kaiko Site." In Mirai Wo Hiraku:Rōdōshō Josei Gyōsei Hanseiki No Ayumi. Edited by. Zaidan hōjin Josei Rōdō Kyōkai, 77. Tokyo: Josei Rōdō Kyōka, 2000.
123. Kuroiwa, Yoko. "Rōdō: Shakai Seisaku to Josei [Labor: Social Policy and Women]." In KyRōdōsei Sankaku Jidai No Josei Gaku [Women's Study in the Era of Co-Habitant and Gender Equality]. Edited by. Ayako Nishimura, 32-64. Kyoto: Nakanishi Shuppan, 1996.
124. Kusaka, Kimindo. "Do Japanese Women Want Total Equality" Economic Eye (June 1984):19.
125. Lam, Alice C.L. "Equal Employment Opportunities for Japanese Women:Changing Company Practice." In Japanese Women Working. Edited by Janet Hunter. New York: Routledge, 1993.
126. Lam, Alice C.L. Women and Equal Employment Opportunities in Japan Nissan Occasional Paper Series No. 16. Oxford: Nissan Institute of Japanese Studies, 1992a.
127. Lam, Alice C.L. Women and Japanese Management: Discrimination and Reform. New York: Routledge, 1992b.
128. LeBlanc, Robin M. Bicycle Citizens: The Political World of the Japanes Housewife. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
129. Lebra, Takie S. "Gender and Culture in the Japanese Political Economy: Self-Portrayals of Prominent Businesswomen." In The Political Economy of Japan. Edited by. Sumpei Kumon and Henry Rosovsky, 365-478. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992.
130. Lebra, Takie S. Japanese Women: Constraint and Fulfillment. Honolulu: University of Hawaii, Press, 1984.
131. Lebra, Takie S. "Japanese Women in Male Dominant Career: Cultural Barriers and Accommodations for Sex-Role Transcendence." Ethnology XX no. 4, (October 1981):291-306.
132. Lebra, Takie S. "Sex Equality for Japanese Women." The Japan Interpreter: a Journal of Social and Political Idea. 10 no. 3-4 (winter 1976):284-95.
133. Liddle, Joanna, and Sachiko Nakajima. Rising Suns, Rising Daughters: Gender, Class, and Power in Japan. New York: Palgrave, 2000.
134. Lim, Linda. Women Workers in Multinational Corporations: The Case of the Electronics Industry in Malaysia and Singapore. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1978.
135. Lindblom, Charles E. "The Science of 'Muddling Through." Public Administration Review 19 (1959):79-88.
136. Ling, Yuriko and Azusa Matsuno. "Women's Struggle for Empowerment in Japan." In Women Transforming Politics: Worldwide Strategies for Empowerment. Edited by. Jill M.Bystydzienski, 50-64. Bloomington:Indiana University Press, 1992.
137. Lovenduski, Joni. Women and European Politics: Contemporary Feminism and Public Policy. Brighton: Wheatsheaf Books, 1986.
138. Lovenduski, Joni, and Vicky Randall. Contemporary Feminist Politics: Women and Power in Britain. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. Luduck, P. 137.
139. Mackie, Vera C. "Equal Opportunity and Gender Identity." In Japanese Encounters with Postmodernity. Edited by. Johann Pall Arnason and Yoshio Sugimoto. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.
140. Mackie, Vera C. "Feminism and the State in Modern Japan." In Feminism and the State in Modern Japan. Edited by. Vera Mackie, 1-15. Melbourne: Paper of the Japanese Centre, 1995.
141. Mackie, Vera C. "Feminist Politics in Japan." New Left Review. 167 (1988):67.
142. Mackie, Vera C. Creating Socialist Women in Japan: Gender, Labour, and Activism, 1900-1937. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
143. Mackie, Vera C., Alina Skoutarides, Alison Tokita, and Eckersall Peter. Papers of the 10th Biennial Conference of the Japanese Studies Association of Australia: Japanese Studies: Communities, Culture, Critiques. Clayton:Vic. Monash Asia Institute, 2000.
144. Mackinnon, Catharine. "Feminism, Marxism and the States: Toward a Feminist Jurisprudence." Signs 7(2):(1982):515-44.
145. MacKinnon, Catherine A. "Feminism, Marxism, Method and the States." Signs. 7 no. 3 (Spring 1982):515-16.
146. MacKinnon, Catharine A. Toward a Feminist Theory of the State. Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1989.
147. Matsubara, Nobuko. "Josei Gyōsei 50nen wo Kaiko Shite." In Mirai Wo Hiraku: Rōdōshō Josei Gyōsei Hanseiki No Ayumi [To Pioneer the Future:Development of Women's Labor Policy]. Edited by. Josei Shokugyo Zaidan, 53-70. Tokyo: Josei Shokugyō Zaidan, 2000.
148. Matsumoto, Iwakichi. Rōdō Kijun Hō Ga Yo Ni Deru Made [Until the Enactment of the Labor Standards Law]. Tokyo : Rōmu Gyōsei Kenkyujo, 1981.
149. Mazur, Amy. State Feminism, Women's Movements, and Job Training: Making Democracies Work in the Global Economy. New York: Routledge, 2001.
150. McAdam, Doug. Political Process and th. Edited byevelopment of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
151. McAdam, Doug, John D.McCarthy, and Mayer N.Zald. Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements: Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
152. McIntosh, M. "The State and the Oppression of Women." In Feminism and Materialism: Women and Modes of Production. Edited by. Annette Kuhn and Ann Marie Wolpe. Boston: Routl. Edited byge and Paul, 1978.
153. McNelly, Theodore. ""Induced Revolution": The Policy and Process of Constitutional Reform in Occupied Japan." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by. Robert Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai. Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.): 77-106. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
154. Michida, Shinichiro. Danjo Koyō No Byōdō [Equal Employment Opportunities between Women and Men]. Tokyo: Shinchōsha, 1984.
155. Migdal, Joel S. Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1988.
156. Mikanagi, Yumiko. "Gender and Public Policy: The "Marginalization" of Japanese Women." In Political Psychology in Japan: Behind the Nails Which Sometimes Stick out. Edited by. Ofer Feldman 219-32. Commack, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers Inc., 1999.
157. Mikanagi, Yumiko. "Gender and Public Policy: The "Marginalization" of Japanese Women." In Political Psychology in Japan: Behind the Nails Which Sometimes Stick out. Edited by. Ofer Feldman, 219-32. Commack, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers Inc., 1999.
158. Mikanagi, Yumiko. "Koyō Byōdō Hō Seitei Purosesu No Kokusai Hikaku [International Comparison of Decision-Making Process of Equality Law." In Genda Nihon No Paburic Phirosophi [Public Philosophy in Contemporary Japan]. Edited by. Naoji Yamawaki, Mari Oosawa, Yasushi Oomori and Ryōichirou Matsubara 271-91. Tokyo: Sinsei sha, 1998.
159. Mikanagi, Yumiko. "Women and Political Institutions in Japan." PS: Political Science and Politics XXXIV no. 2 (2001):211-12.
160. Millett, Kate. Sexual Politics. 1st Illinois pbk.. Edited by. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
161. Minow, Martha. "Learning to Live with the Dilemma of Difference: Bilingual and Special Education." Law and Contemporary Problems 48 no. 2 (1984): 157-211.
162. Miyachi, Mituko. 'Byodo Heno Onnatachi No Chosen-Kinto Hō Jidai to Josei N Hataraku Kenri. Tokyo Asahi Shoten 1996.
163. MOL. Danjo Koyō Kikai Kintō Hō Kaisei Rōdō Kijun Hō No Jitsumu Kaisetsu [Practical Guide and Explanation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Law and the Amend. Edited by Labour Standards Law]. Tokyo: Rōmu Gyōsei Kenkyu sho, 1986.
164. MOL. Fujin Rōdō Hōsei No Kadai to Hōko-Rōkihō Kenkyukai Hōkoku [Problem and Trend of the Legal Protection of Women Workers-Report of the Labor Standards Law Research Society]. Tokyo: Nikkan Rōd ō Toshinsha, 1978.
165. MOL. Fujin Rōdō No Jitsuō [Facts on Women's Labor]. Tokyo: Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance, 1979.
166. MOL. Fujin Rōdō No Jitujō, 1990. Tokyo: Women's Bureau, MOL, 1991.
167. MOL. Hataraku Josei No Jitujō [Facts on Women's Labor]. Tokyo: Printing Bureau of the Ministry of Finance, 1986.
168. MOL. Hataraku Josei No Jitujō, 1992. Tokyo Women's Bureau, MOL 1993.
169. MOL. Hataraku Josei No Jitujō, 1994. Tokyo Women's Bureau, MOL 1995.
170. MOL. Hataraku Josei No Jitujō, 1995. Tokyo Women's Bureau, MOL 1996.
171. MOL. Josei Rōdōsha No Koyō Kanri Ni Kansuru Chōsa [Survey on Employment and Management of Women Workers]. Tokyo: Bureau of Women and Minors, MOL 1977.
172. MOL. Joshi Rōdōsha No Koyō Kanri Ni Kansuru Chōsa [Survey on Employment and Mangement of Women Workers]. Tokyo: Bureau of Women and Minors, MOL 1981.
173. MOL. Joshi Rōdōsha No Koyō Kanri Ni Kansuru Chōsa [Survey on Employment and Mangement of Women Workers]. Tokyo: Bureau of Women and Minors, MOL 1987.
174. MOL. Joshi Rōdōsha No Koyō Kanri Ni Kansuru Chōsa [Survey on Employment and Mangement of Women Workers].Tokyo Bureau of Women and Minors, MOL 1990.
175. MOL. Koyō ni Okeru Kikai Kintō and Taigu [Proposal for Promotion on Gender Equality Opportunity and Treatment in Employment]. Tokyo:Bureau of Women and Minors, 1978.
176. MOL. Rōdō Hakusho (1988 White Paper on Labor) Tokyo: MOL, 1988.
177. MOL. Rōdōryoku Chōsa (Labor Force Survey) Tokyo: MOL, 1992.
178. MOL. Rōdō Gyōsei Shi. Edited by. Ministry Of Labor, Vol. 2. Tokyo: Rōdō HōreiKyōkai, 1969.
179. Molony, Barbara. "Japan's 1986 Equal Employment Opportunity Law and the Changing Discourse on Gender." Signs 20 no. 2 (1995):268-301.
180. Molyneux, M. "Mobilization with Emancipation Women's Interests, the State, and Revolution in Nicaragua." Feminist Studies 11 no. 2 (1985):227-55.
181. Moriyama, Mayumi. Shunka Shuto.Shohan. Tokyo: Kawade Shobo Shinsha 2001.
182. MOWL. Josei Rōdō Hakusho: Hataraku Josei No Jitsujō [White Paper of Women's Labor]. Tokyo: Institution of Twenty First Century Labor, 2001.
183. Muramatsu, Michio. "Post-War Politics in Japan: Bureaucracy Versus the Party/Parties in Power." In State and Administration in Japan and Germany. Edited by. Michio Muramatsu and Naschold Fribyer, 13-37. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1997.
184. Najita, Tetsuo. Japan The Modern Nations in Historical Perspective. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1974.
185. Nakamura, Akio. Nihonseiji No Seisaku Kettei Katei. Tokyo: Ashi Shobō, 1996.
186. Nakamura, Robert T. "The Textbook Policy Process and Implementation Research." Policy Studies. 7 no. 1 (1987):142-54.
187. National Institute of Employment and Vocational Research. Women Workers in Japan. Nievr Report. Edited by. National Institute of Employment and Vocational Research, 4. Tokyo: National Institute of Employment and Vocational Research, 1988.
188. Nishi, Kiyoko. Senryōka No Nihon Fujin Seisaku: Sono Rekishi to Shōgen. Tokyo: Domesu Shuppan, 1985.
189. Nolte, Sharon H. and Sally Ann Hastings. "The Meiji State's Policy toward Women, 1890-1945." In Recreating Japanese Women, 1600-1945,. Edited by. Gail Lee Bernstein 151-74. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
190. Noonan, Rita K. "Women against the State: Political Opportunities and Collective Action Frames in Chile's Transition to Democracy." Sociological Forum 10 (1995):81-111.
191. Norris, Pippa. On Message: Communicating the Campaign. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 1999.
192. Ochiai, Emiko. The Japanese Family System in Transition: A Sociological Analysis of Family Change in Postwar Japan International Library Selection; No. 6. Tokyo: LTCB International Library Foundation, 1997.
193. Ochiai, Emiko. Kindai Kazoku to Feminizumu. 1st, eited by, Tokyo: Keiso Shobo, 1989.
194. OECD. The Development of Industrial Relations System: Some Implications of the Japanese Experience. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1977.
195. Office for Gender Equality. National Report of the Government of Japan for the Fourt World Conference on Women. Tokyo: Prime Minister Office, 1994.
196. Ogai, Tokuko. "Japanese Women and Political Institutions: Why Are Women Politicall Underrepreseted" PS: Political Science and Politics XXXIV no. 2 (2001):207-10.
197. Ohara Institute for Labor Movement. Labor Movement in 1949. Edited by Ōhara Institute for Labor Movement. Tokyo: Hōsei University Press, 1950.
198. Okimoto, Daniel I. Between MITI and the Market: Japanese Industrial Policy for High Technology. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1989.
199. Oldersma, Jantine. "More Women or More Feminists in Politics? Advocacy Coalitions and the Representation of Women in the Netherlands, 1967-1992." Acta Politica. 3 (2002).
200. Olson, Mancur. The Logic of Collective Action; Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. New York: Schocken Books, 1971.
201. Outshoorn, Joyce. "Between Movement and Government: "Femocrats" in the Netherlands." In Yearbook of Swiss Political Science,. Edited by. H.Kriesi 141-65. Wien: Pal Haupt Verlag. 1994.
202. Outshoorn, Joyce. "The Feminist Movement and Abortion Policy in the Netherlands." In The New Politics of Abortion. Edited by Joni Lovenduski, Joyce Outshoorn and European Consortium for Political Research, 64-84. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1986.
203. Outshoorn, Joyce. "Femocrats in the Netherlands: Mission or Career" Paper presented at the European consortium for Political Research Joint Sessions of Workshops Limerick 1992.
204. Owaki, Masako. "Hogo to Byōdō [Review of Protective Regulations for Women at a Time of Transition." Nihon Rōdōhō Gakkaishi [Jounal of Labor Law] 65 no. May (1985):81-111.
205. Owaki, Masako. Ripō Katsudou. Accessed 10 January 2002, available from http://www.jca.ax.apc.org/owaki/bills.html; internet.
206. Panitch, L. "The Development of Corporatism in Liberal Democracies." Comparative Politics 13 no. 1 (1978):61-90.
207. Owaki, Masako. "The development of Corporatism in Liberal Democracies." In Trends toward Corporatist Intermediation. Edited by. Philippe C.Schmitter and Gerhard Lehmbruch 181-85. Beverly Hills, Calif.: London Sage Publications, 1979.
208. Parkinson, Lorraine. "Japan's Equal Employment Opportunity Law." Columbia Law Review 89 no. 3 (1989):604-61.
209. Pateman, Carol. "The Patriarchal Welfare State." In Democracy and the Welfare State. Edited by Amy Gutmann, 231-60. Princeton N.J.:Princeton University Press 1988.
210. Pempel, T.J. "The Bureaucratization of Policymaking in Contemporary Japan." American Journal of Political Science. 18 no. November 1974 (1974):647-64.
211. Pempel, T.J. Japan: The Dilemmas of Success. Headline Series No. 277.New York, N.Y.: Foreign Policy Association, 1986.
212. Pempel, T.J. "Japanese Democracy and Political Culture: A Comparative Perspective." PS: Political Science and Politics. 25 no. 1 (March 1992):5-12.
213. Pempel, T.J. Patterns of Japanese Policymaking: Experiences from Higher Education. Boulder, CO. Westview Press 1978.
214. Pempel, T.J. Policy and Politics in Japan: Creative Conservatism Policy and Politics in Industrial States. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1982.
215. Pempel, T.J. Policymaking in Contemporary Japan. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1977.
216. Pempel, T.J., Joint Committee on Japanese Studies, Joint Committee on Western Europe, and Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai. Uncommon Democracies: The One-Party Dominant Regimes. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990.
217. Pemple, T.J. and K.Tsunekawa. "Corporatism without Labor: The Japanese Anomaly." In Trends toward Corporatist Intermediation. Edited by Philippe C. Schmitter and Gerhard Lehmbruch 231-70.Beverly Hills, CA; London Sage Publications, 1979.
218. Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. The Concept of Representation. 1st ed. Berkeley:University of California Press, 1967.
219. Pharr, Susan J. Losing Face: Status Politics in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press 1990.
220. Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. Political Women in Japan: The Search for a Place in Political Life. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
221. Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. "The Politics of Women's Rights." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai, Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 221-52. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
222. PMO. Josei no Seisaku kettei Sankaku Jōkyō Shirabe (Survey of Women's Participation in Decision Making). Accessed 14 September 2002: available from http://www.gender.go.jp/; internet.
223. PMO. Danjo Kyodo Sankaku Shakai Ni Kasuru Yoron Chōsa. (Survery of Gender Equality Society). Accessed 14 August 2001, available from http://www8.cao.go.jp/survey/h11/danjyo/index.html; internet.
224. PMO. Dai 4kai Sekai Josei Kaigi Ni Mukete No Nihon Seifu National Report:National Report for the 4th World Women's Conference. Tokyo: Printing Bureau, Ministry of Finance 1994.
225. PMO. Fujin No Genjō to Shisaku: Dai 2 Kai. Tokyo: Gyōsei 1980.
226. PMO. Fujin No Genjō to Shisaku: Kokunai Kodokeikaku Houkokusho. Tokyo Gyōsei, 1978.
227. PMO. Josei No Genjō to Shisaku: Shin Kokunai Kōdō Keikaku Ni Kansuru Hokoku Shō. Tokyo: Gyōsei, 1992.
228. PMO. Priority Targets for the Second Half of the Period Covered by the National Plan of Action for the Promotion of Measures Relating to Women, Headquarters for the Planning and Promoting of Policies Relating to Women. Tokyo: Prime Minister Office, 1981.
229. Pringle, R and Watson S. "Women's Interests and the Post-Structuralist State." In Destabilizing Theory: Contemporary Feminist Debates. Edited by Michel Barrett and Anne Phillips, 53-73. Cambridge: UK Polity Press, 1992.
230. Prins, V. "Women's Public Policy Cut to Size: The Establishment of the Emancipation Council." In Beleidsvorming I N. Edited byerland: Een Vergeliijende Studi enaar DeTotstandkoming Van Wetten. Edited by A.B.Ringeling F.M. Koppenjan, & R.A.ter Velde 87-108. Den Haag:VUGA, 1987.
231. Ramseyer, J.Mark, and Frances McCall Rosenbluth. Japan's Political Marketplace. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.
232. Roberts, Glenda. Staying on the Line: Blue-Collar Women in Contemporary Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1994.
233. Robinson, Jean. "Women, the State, And the Need for Civil Society." In Comparative State Feminism. Edited by Dorothy M.Stetson and Amy Mazur, 203-20. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1995.
234. Rōsei Jihō. "Koyo Kintō Hō he no Kigyō no Taiō [Company Responses to the Eeol]." Rosei jiho 2789 (June 13 1986):2-31.
235. Rosenberger, Nancy R. "Fragile Resistance, Signs of Status: Women between State and Media in Japan." In Re-Imaging Japanese Women. Edited by Anne E. Imamura 12-45. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.
236. Rossi, Alice S., John Stuart Mill, and Harriet Hardy Taylor Mill. Essays on Sex Equality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
237. Ruin, O. "Participatory Democracy and Corporatism: The Case of Sweden." Scandinavian Political Studies. 9 (1974):171-86.
238. Sakamoto, Fukuko. Fujin No Kenri Gendai No Jinnken Sousho. Kyoto Houritsu Bunka Sha 1973.
239. Sakamoto, Kōjirō. "Ripō Katei." In Seiji Katei to Hō?. 105-26. Tokyo:Iwanami Shoten,1997.
240. Salamon, Sonya. "Male Chauvinism" as a Manifestation of Love in Marriage." In Adult Episodes in Japan. Edited by David W.Plath 65-75. Leiden:Brill, 1975.
241. Sarvasy, W. "Beyond the Difference Versus Equality Debate: Post Suffrage Feminism, Citizenship, and the Quest for a Feminist Welfare State." Signs 17 (Winter 1992):329-62.
242. Sasakura, Naoko. "Aokage Takako: Housewife Turned Political Representative from Sekatsu Club Seikyo." In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives in the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by K.Fujiwara-Fanselow and A. Kameda, 374-383. New York: The Feminist Press, 1995.
243. Saso, Mary. Women in the Japanese Workplace. London: H.Shipman, 1990.
244. Sato, Seizaburo and Tetsuhisa Matsuzaki. Jiminto Seiken. Tokyo: Chū ō Kōronsha, 1986.
245. Sato, Yoko. "From the Home to the Political Arena." In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives in the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by K.Fujiwara-Fanselow and A.Kameda, 365-72. New York: The Feminist Press 1995.
246. Savage, Michael, and Anne Witz. Gender and Bureaucracy Sociological Review Monograph. 39. Oxford: Cambridge, MA Blackwell, 1992.
247. Sawer, Marian. "Femocrats in Glass Towers" In Comparative State Feminism. Edited by Dorothy M.Stetson and Amy Mazur 22-39. Thousand Oaks, CA.:Sage Publications, 1995.
248. Sawer, Marian. Sisters in Suits: Women and Public Policy in Australia. Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1990.
249. SCAP, Government Section. "Administration Reform, Telephone Interview with Mrs. Tanino." Box No. 5248 (1949e).
250. Uemura, Chikako. "Nihon Ni Okeru Senryō Seisaku to Josei Kaihō: Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnen Kyoku no Setsuritu Katei wo Chōsintosite [Occupation Policy and Women's Emancipation in Japan]." Joseigaku Kenkyū [Japanese journal of women's studies] 12 no. 5 (1992):5-28.
251. SCAP, Government Section. "Establishment of a Women's Bureau in the Japanese Government, 27 January, 1947." Box No. 5250 (1947b), quoted from Susan J.Pharr, "The Politics of Women's Rights." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai, Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 221-52. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
252. SCAP, Government Section. "First Draft of Propos. Edited by Ministry of Labor, Submitted by the Yoshida Cabinet to the Government Section, February 5, 1947, National Records Center, Record Group 331, Women's Affairs Activity File." (1947c), Susan J.Pharr, "The Politics of Women's Rights." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai, Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 221-52. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
253. SCAP, Government Section. "League of Incensement of Social Agency Budget and Pressure Group on Administration Reform." Box No. 5248 (1949b)
254. Chikako Uemura. "Nihon Ni Okeru Senryō Seisaku to Josei Kaihō: Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnen Kyoku no Setsuritu Katei wo Chōsintosite [Occupation Policy and Women's Emancipation in Japan]." Joseigaku Kenkyō [Japanese journal of women's studies] 12 no. 5 (1992):5-28.
255. SCAP, Government Section. Memo to Chief of CI & E and Chief of Gs, May 8, 1946, Entitled "Proposal to Establish a Women's Bureau in the Home Ministry." 1946c
256. Susan J.Pharr, "The Politics of Women's Rights." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai, Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 221-52. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
257. SCAP, Government Section. "Memorandum for Record for the Record by Ruth Ellerman. Edited by September 30, 1946, Entitled by "Conference with Labor Division and Members of the Social Democratic Party Relative to Establishment of a Labor Ministry," Paper of Alfr. Edited by R.Hussey, Asia Library, University of Michigan." (1946d), quoted in Susan J.Pharr, "The Politics of Women's Rights." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai, Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 221-52. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
258. SCAP, Government Section. "Preliminary Government Section Conferences on Preparation of Draft Constitution," Section Head. Edited by "Meeting of The Steering Committee with Committee on Civil Rights, February 9, 1946," Document No. 26-C-16, P. 6. Draft Dat. Edited by March 4, 1946. 1946a
259. Susan J.Pharr, "The Politics of Women's Rights." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai, Joint Committee on Japanese Studies and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 221-52. Honolulu:University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
260. SCAP, Government Section. "Women's Bureau Budget and Effect of Propos. Edited by Administration Reform." Box No. 5248 (1949c)
261. Chikako Uemura. "Nihon Ni Okeru Senryō Seisaku to Josei Kaihō: Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnen Kyoku no Setsuritu Katei wo Chōsintosite [Occupation Policy and Women's Emancipation in Japan]." Joseigaku Kenkyō [Japanese journal of women's studies] 12 no. 5 (1992):5-28.
262. SCAP, Government Section. "Women's Day Personnel Curtailment in Government and Women Workers, Interview with Miss Akamatsu, 19 February 1949." Box No. 5848 (1949a)
263. Chikako Uemura. "Nihon Ni Okeru Senryō Seisaku to Josei Kaihō: Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnen Kyoku no Setsuritu Katei wo Chōsintosite [Occupation Policy and Women's Emancipation in Japan]." Joseigaku Kenkyō [Japanese journal of women's studies] 12 no. 5 (1992): 5-28.
264. SCAP, Government Section. Women's Democratic Paper, 16 Jan. 1947. Vol.Box No. 5247 1947a.
265. Chikako Uemura. "Nihon Ni Okeru Senryō Seisaku to Josei Kaihō: Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnen Kyoku no Setsuritu Katei wo Chōsintosite [Occupation Policy and Women's Emancipation in Japan]." Joseigaku Kenkyō [Japanese journal of women's studies] 12 no. 5 (1992):5-28.
266. Scott, Joan Wallach. "Deconstructing Equality-Versus-Deference: Or, the Uses of Poststructuralist Theory for Feminism." Feminist Studies 14 no.1 (1988): 33-50.
267. Shin, Young-tae. "The Invisible and Visible: Women and Politics in Japan." Ph. D. diss., University of Washington, 1992.
268. Shinoda, Toru. "Singikai: Danjo Koyo Kikai Kintouhou Wo Meguru Isikettei." In Nihon Kata Seisaku Kettei No Henyou. Edited by Minoru Nakano, 79-110. Toyo: Keisai Sinpō sha, 1986.
269. Shinotsuka, Eiko. "Women in the Labor Force." Economic Eye. no. September (1982):19.
270. Shinotsuka, Eiko. "Women Workers in Japan: Past, Present, Future." In Women of Japan and Korea: Continuity and Change. Edited by Joyce Gelb and Marian Lief Palley 95-119. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.
271. Shiota, Sakiko. "Gendai Feminizumu to Nihon No Shakai Seisaku [Japanese Feminism and Social Policy." Joseigaku Kenkyu [Japanese journal of women's studies] 2, (1992):29-52.
272. Skjeie, H. "Ending the Male Political Hegemony; the Norwegian Experience." In Gender and Party Politics. Edited by Joni Lovenduski and Pippa Norris, 31-62. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1993.
273. Skocpol, Theda. Protecting Soldiers and Mothers: The Political Origins of Social Policy in the United States. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992.
274. Skocpol, Theda. Social Policy in the United States: Future Possibilities in Historical Perspective. Princeton Studies in American Politics. Princeton, N.J.:Princeton University Press, 1995.
275. Skocpol, Theda. States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
276. Smith, Joan. "Comparable Worth, Gender, and Human Capital Theory." Ingredient for Women's Employment Policy. Edited by Christine E.Bose and Glenna D.Spitze, 233-267. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987.
277. Smith, Robert J. "Gender Inequality in Contemporary Japan." Journal of Japanese Studies 13 no. 1 (1987):1-25.
278. Snow, David A., E.Burke Rochford, Jr., Steven K.Worden, and Robert D.Benford. "Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation." American Sociological Review 51 (1986):464-81.
279. Sowerwine, Charles. Sisters or Citizens: Women and Socialism in France since 1876. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
280. Statistics Bureau. Kokusei Chōsa (Population Census): for 1950-75. Tokyo: Statistics Bureau, Management and Co-ordination Agency, 1992.
281. Steinhoff, Patricia. "Three Women who Loved the Left Radical Woman Leaders in the Japanese Red Army Movement" In Re-Imaging Japanese Women. Edited by. Anne E.Imamura 271-300. Berkeley, Calif.:University of California Press, 1996.
282. Stetson, Dorothy M. Abortion Politics, Women's Movements, and the Democratic State: A Comparative Study of State Feminism. New York:Oxford University Press, 2001.
283. Stetson, Dorothy M. "Introduction: Abortion, Women's Movements, and Democratic Politics." In Abortion Politics, Women's Movements, and the Democratic State: A Comparative Study of State Feminism. Edited by Dorothy M.Stetson, 1-16. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
284. Stetson, Dorothy M. "The Oldest Women's Policy Agency: The Women's Bureau in the Unit. Edited by States." In Comparative State Feminism. Edited by Dorothy M. Stetson and Amy Mazur 254-71.Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1995.
285. Stetson, Dorothy M., and Amy Mazur. "Introduction." In Comparative State Fem inism. Edited by Dorothy M.Stetson and Amy Mazur, 1-21. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1995.
286. Stone, Deborah A. Policy Paradox: The Art of Political Decision Making. Rev. ed. New York: Norton, 2002.
287. Sumiya, Shigeko. "Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnennkyoku Jidai: Hamidashi Yakunin No Ki." In Kyōdō Kenkyu/Nihon Senryōgun Sono Hikari to Kage. Edited by Shisō no Kagaku Kenkyukai, 296-309. Tokyo: Tokuma Shoten, 1978.
288. Suzuki, Kazue. "Equal Job Opportunity for Whom" Japan Quarterly 43 (1996):54-60.
289. Sweibel, J. "The Gender of Bureaucracy: Reflections on Policy-Making for Women." Politics 8 (1988):14-19.
290. Sweibel, J. and Outshoorn, J. "Feminism and the State: The Case of the Netherlands." Paper presented at the International Conference Lima, Peru 1990.
291. Sylvia, A. "Law, "Rethinking Sex and the Constitution."" University of Pennsyl vania law Review 132 (June 1984): 955-1040.
292. Takahashi, Hisako. "Josei Gyousei 50nen Wo Kaiko Site." In Mirai Wo Hiraku: Roudoushou Josei Gyousei Hanseiki No Ayumi. Edited by Zaidan Hōjin Josei Rōdō Kyōka. Tokyo: Josei Rōdō Kyōkai: Josei to Shigoto no Miraikan 2000.
293. Sylvia, A. Kawari Yuku Fujin Rodo: Jakunen Tanki Mikon Gata Kara Chukone Kikon Gata He. Tokyo: Yuhikaku sensho, 1983.
294. Tanaka, Kazuko. "The New Feminist Movement in Japan, 1970-1990." In Japanese Women: New Feminist Perspectives on the Past, Present, and Future. Edited by Kumiko Fujimura-Fanselow and Atsuko Kameda, 295-308. New York: The Feminist Press 1995.
295. Tanino, Setsu. "Rōdōkijun Hō No Tanjō Ni Tuite:Shōgen." In Senryōka No Nihon Fujin Seisaku: Sono Rekishi to Shōgen. Edited by Kiyoko Nishi 230. Tokyo: Domesu Shuppan, 1985.
296. Sylvia, A. Zenrōdō Dai 7 Kai Fujin Shōnen Gyōsei Kumiaiin Zenkoku Shukai Ni Okeru Kinen Kōen." Paper presented at the Zenroudou Dai 7 Kai Fujin Shōnen Gyōsei Kumiaiin Zenkoku Shukaikai, 1983.
297. Tarrow, Sidney G. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Politics. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. NewYork: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
298. Sylvia, A. Struggling to Reform: Social Movements and Policy Change during Cycles of Protest. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Center for International Studies, 1983.
299. Tanino, Setsu. Fujin Kōjō Kantokukan no Kiroku: Tanino Setsu Ronbunshū. [Record of a Female Superintendent of Factories: Collected Articles of Tanino Setsu]. Tokyo: Domesu Shuppan, 1985.
300. Tarrow, Sidney G., and Cornell University. Center for International Studies. Struggle. Politics, and Reform: Collective Action, Social Movements and Cycles of Protest, Cornell Studies in International Affairs. Ithaca, N.Y.:Center for International Studies Cornell University, 1989.
301. Tarrow, Sidney G., and Robert Schuman Centre. Social Movements in Europe. Movement Society or Europeanization of Conflict Eui Working Paper. Rsc, No. 94/8. Florence: European University Institute, 1994.
302. The Japan Institute of Labour. Problems of Working Women. Edited by The Japan Institute of Labour, Japanese Industrial Relations Series. Tokyo:The Japan Institute of Labour, 1981.
303. Tremblay, Manon and Pelletier R. "More Women or More Feminist? Descriptive and Substantive Representations of Women in the 1997 Canadian Federal Elections." International Political Science Review 21, (2000):381-406.
304. Tullock, Gordon. The Politics of Bureaucracy. Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press, 1965.
305. Uemura, Chikako. "Nihon Ni Okeru Senryō Seisaku to Josei Kaihō:Rōdōshō Fujin Shōnen Kyoku no Setsuritu Katei wo Chōsintosite [Occupation Policy and Women's Emancipation in Japan]." Joseigaku Kenkyū [Japanese journal of women's studies] 12 no. 5 (1992):5-28.
306. Ueno, Chizuko. "Interview of Osawa Mari." In Rajikaru Ni Katareba... [Speaking Radically...]. Edited by Chizuko Ueno. Tokyo: Heibon sha, 2001.
307. Ueno, Chizuko. "Women and the Family in Transition." In Women of Japan and Korea:Continuity and Change. Edited by Joyce Gelb and Marian Lief Palley, 23-42. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.
308. UNIFO Publishers, and United Nations, General Assembly. International Human Rights Instruments of the United Nations. Pleasantville, N.Y.:UNIFO Publishers, 1983.
309. United Nations. Dept. of Public Information. Yearbook of the Unit. Edited by Nations. Vol. 1946 Publications. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1976.
310. Upham, Frank K. Law and Social Change in Postwar Japan. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987.
311. Van Wolferen, Karel. The Enigma of Japanese Power: People And Politics in a Stateless Nation. New York Knopf, 1989.
312. Ward, Robert Edward. "Presurrender Planning." In Democratizing Japan: The Allied Occupation. Edited by Robert Edward Ward, Yoshikazu Sakamoto, Nihon Gakujutsu Shinkokai., Joint Committee on Japanese Studies, and Social Science Research Council (U.S.), 1-41. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
313. Watson, Sophie. "Femocratic Feminism." In Gender and Bureaucracy. Edited by Michael Savage and Anne Witz, 282. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell/Sociological Review, 1992.
314. Watson, Sophie. Playing the State: Australian Feminist Interventions Questions for Fem inism. New York: Verso, 1990.
315. Waylen, Georgina. "Gender, Feminism and the State: An Overview." In Gender, Politics and the State. Edited by Vicky Randall and Georgina Waylen, 1-18. New York: Routlge, 1998.
316. Wilson, Elizabeth. Women & the Welfare State. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977.
317. Yamaguchi, Mituko. "Josei Shodantai No Josei Seisaku Ni Taisuru Goi Keisei Katei [Process of Consensus-Making of Women's Groups on Women's Policies]." Jousegaku Kenkyu: Josei gaku to seiji jissen [Women's Studies: Women's Studies and Political Practices. 2 no. 1 (1992):53-70.
318. Yamakawa, Kikue. Asu No Josei No Tame Ni: 1946-1980 Yamakawa Kikue Shu vol. 7. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, 1982.
319. Yamazaki, Shio. "Senryō Shoki (1945-1947): No Fujin Seisaku Ni Miru Josei No Yakuwari." Fujin Tenbō no. 1986 July (1986):12-13.
320. Yayama, Taro and Itō Atsuo. Moriyama Kinji: Hankotsu no Hyōmanisuto. Tokyo: Shōgakkan, 1988.
321. Yayama, Taro. "Danjo Koyo Byodo Ho Wa Nihon Wo Tsubusu, [the Gender Equal Employment Law Will Ruin Japan]." Shokun 16 no. 5 (1984):240-53.
322. Yeatman, Anna. Bureaucrats, Technocrats, Femocrats: Essays on the Contemporary Australian State. Sydney: Boston Allen & Unwin, 1990.
323. Yosano, Akiko. "Josei no Tettei Shita Dokuritsu [Women's Complete Independence]." Fujin Koron 3 no. 3 (1918), in Nobuko Kauchi, Shiryō bosei hogo ronsō. 85-86, Tokyo: Domesu Shuppan, 1984.
324. Young, Lisa. Feminists and Party Politics. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2000.
325. Zysman, John. Governments, Markets, and Growth: Financial Systems and the Politics of Industrial Change Cornell Studies in Political Economy. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1983.