Occurrence of PPCPs in the marine environment: a review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 4978-4991

  Arpin Pont, Lauren ^a   Martinez Bueno M J ^a   Gomez, Elena ^a   Fenet, Hélène ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER   (France)

Author keywords

Marine environment; Marine organisms; Personal care products; Pharmaceuticals; Seawater; Sediment

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL METHOD; ANTIBIOTICS; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DATA PROCESSING; HUMAN ACTIVITY; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; MARINE POLLUTION; POLLUTANT; PPCP; SAMPLING; SEAWATER; SEDIMENT;

COSMETIC; SEA WATER; WATER POLLUTANT;

ANALYSIS; ANIMAL; AQUATIC SPECIES; DRUG EFFECTS; PHARMACOLOGY; WATER POLLUTANT;

ANIMALS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; COSMETICS; SEAWATER; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL;

EID: 84908528655     PISSN: 09441344     EISSN: 16147499     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3617-x     Document Type: Article

References (112)

1. Alvarez DA, Maruya KA, Dodder NG, Lao W, Furlong ET, Smalling KL (2014) Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern along the California coast (2009–10) using passive sampling devices. Mar Pollut Bull 81:347–354. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.022
2. Amine H, Gomez E, Halwani J, Casellas C, Fenet H (2012) UV filters, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene and ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA from untreated wastewater in sediment from eastern Mediterranean river transition and coastal zones. Mar Pollut Bull 64:2435–2442. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.07.051
3. Andresen JA, Muir D, Ueno D, Darling C, Theobald N, Bester K (2007) Emerging pollutants in the North Sea in comparison to Lake Ontario, Canada, data. Environ Toxicol Chem 26:1081–1089. doi:10.1897/06–416R.1
4. Bachelot M, Li Z, Munaron D, Le Gall P, Casellas C, Fenet H, Gomez E (2012) Organic UV filter concentrations in marine mussels from French coastal regions. Sci Total Environ 420:273–279. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.12.051
5. Balmer ME, Buser HR, Muller MD, Poiger T (2005) Occurrence of some organic UV filters in wastewater, in surface waters, and in fish from Swiss lakes. Environ Sci Technol 39:953–962. doi:10.1021/es040055r
6. Bayen, S., Zhang, H., Desai, M.M., Ooi, S.K., Kelly, B.C., 2013. Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceutically active and endocrine disrupting compounds in Singapore’s marine environment: influence of hydrodynamics and physical-chemical properties. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987) 182, 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.06.028
7. Belkessam L, Lecomte P, Milon V, Laboudigue A (2005) Influence of pre-treatment step on PAHs analyses in contaminated soils. Chemosphere 58:321–328. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.07.040
8. Benedé JL, Chisvert A, Salvador A, Sanchez-Quiles D, Tovar-Sanchez A (2014) Determination of UV filters in both soluble and particulate fractions of seawaters by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 812:50–58. doi:10.1016/j.aca.2013.12.033
9. Beretta M, Britto V, Tavares TM, Teixeira da Silva SM, Pletsch AL (2014) Occurrence of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in marine sediments in the Todos os Santos Bay and the north coast of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. J Soils Sediments 14:1278–1286. doi:10.1007/s11368–014–0884–6
10. Boden AR, Reiner EJ (2004) Development of an isotope-dilution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds in environmental matrices. Polycycl Aromat Compd 24:309–323. doi:10.1080/10406630490468450
11. Borga K, Fisk AT, Hoekstra PF, Muir DCG (2004) Biological and chemical factors of importance in the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of persistent organochlorine contaminants in arctic marine food webs. Environ Toxicol Chem 23:2367–2385. doi:10.1897/03–518
12. Bratkovics S, Sapozhnikova Y (2011) Determination of seven commonly used organic UV filters in fresh and saline waters by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Methods 3:2943–2950. doi:10.1039/c1ay05390f
13. Brausch JM, Rand GM (2011) A review of personal care products in the aquatic environment: environmental concentrations and toxicity. Chemosphere 82:1518–1532. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.11.018
14. Bricker S, Lauenstein G, Maruya K (2014) NOAA’s Mussel Watch Program: incorporating contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) into a long-term monitoring program. Mar Pollut Bull 81:289–290. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.040
15. Bu Q, Wang B, Huang J, Deng S, Yu G (2013) Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the aquatic environment in China: a review. J Hazard Mater 262:189–211. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.08.040
16. Byrne RH (2002) Inorganic speciation of dissolved elements in seawater: the influence of pH on concentration ratios. Geochem Trans 3:11–16. doi:10.1039/b109832f
17. Caban M, Migowska N, Stepnowski P, Kwiatkowski M, Kumirska J (2012) Matrix effects and recovery calculations in analyses of pharmaceuticals based on the determination of β-blockers and β-agonists in environmental samples. J Chromatogr A 1258:117–127. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.029
18. Cantwell MG, Wilson BA, Zhu J, Wallace GT, King JW, Olsen CR, Burgess RM, Smith JP (2010) Temporal trends of triclosan contamination in dated sediment cores from four urbanized estuaries: evidence of preservation and accumulation. Chemosphere 78:347–352. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.021
19. Daughton CG, Ternes TA (1999) Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: agents of subtle change? Environ Health Perspect 107:907–938. doi:10.2307/3434573
20. De Donno A, Liaci D, Bagordo R, Lugoli F, Gabutti G (2008) Mytilus galloprovincialis as a bioindicator of microbiological pollution of coastal waters: a study conducted in the Salento peninsula (Italy). J Coast Res 24:216–221. doi:10.2112/05–0463.1
21. Diaz-Cruz MS, de Alda MJL, Barcelo D (2003) Environmental behavior and analysis of veterinary and human drugs in soils, sediments and sludge. Trends Anal Chem 22:340–351. doi:10.1016/S0165–9936(03)00603–4
22. Di Poi C, Darmaillacq A-S, Dickel L, Boulouard M, Bellanger C (2013) Effects of perinatal exposure to waterborne fluoxetine on memory processing in the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis. Aquat Toxicol 132:84–91. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.02.004
23. Dodder NG, Maruya KA, Lee Ferguson P, Grace R, Klosterhaus S, La Guardia MJ, Lauenstein GG, Ramirez J (2014) Occurrence of contaminants of emerging concern in mussels (Mytilus spp.) along the California coast and the influence of land use, storm water discharge, and treated wastewater effluent. Mar Pollut Bull 81:340–346. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.041
24. Fair PA, Lee H-B, Adams J, Darling C, Pacepavicius G, Alaee M, Bossart GD, Henry N, Muir D (2009) Occurrence of triclosan in plasma of wild Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and in their environment. Environ Pollut 157:2248–2254. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.04.002
25. Fang T-H, Nan F-H, Chin T-S, Feng H-M (2012) The occurrence and distribution of pharmaceutical compounds in the effluents of a major sewage treatment plant in Northern Taiwan and the receiving coastal waters. Mar Pollut Bull 64:1435–1444. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.04.008
26. Fasulo S, Iacono F, Cappello T, Corsaro C, Maisano M, D’Agata A, Giannetto A, De Domenico E, Parrino V, Lo Paro G, Mauceri A (2012) Metabolomic investigation of Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck 1819) caged in aquatic environments. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 84:139–146. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.07.001
27. Fenet H, Arpin-Pont L, Vanhoutte-Brunier A, Munaron D, Fiandrino A, Martínez Bueno M-J, Boillot C, Casellas C, Mathieu O, Gomez E (2014) Reducing PEC uncertainty in coastal zones: a case study on carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine and their metabolites. Environ Int 68:177–184. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2014.03.025
28. Fent K, Weston AA, Caminada D (2006) Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals. Aquat Toxicol 76:122–159. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.09.009
29. Ferreira F, Santos MM, Castro LFC, Reis-Henriques MA, Lima D, Vieira MN, Monteiro NM, Ferreira F, Santos MM, Castro LFC, Reis-Henriques MA, Lima D, Vieira MN, Monteiro NM (2009) Vitellogenin gene expression in the intertidal blenny Lipophrys pholis: a new sentinel species for estrogenic chemical pollution monitoring in the European Atlantic coast? Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C. Toxicol Pharmacol 149:58–64. doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.07.002
30. Franco A, Fu W, Trapp S (2009) Influence of soil pH on the sorption of ionizable chemicals: modeling advances. Environ Toxicol Chem 28:458–464. doi:10.1897/08–178.1
31. Franco A, Trapp S (2008) Estimation of the soil-water partition coefficient normalized to organic carbon for ionizable organic chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem 27:1995–2004. doi:10.1897/07–583.1
32. Franzellitti S, Buratti S, Valbonesi P, Fabbri E (2013) The mode of action (MOA) approach reveals interactive effects of environmental pharmaceuticals on Mytilus galloprovincialis. Aquat Toxicol 140:249–256. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.06.005
33. Franzellitti S, Fabbri E (2014) Response to commentary on “Are some invertebrates exquisitely sensitive to the human pharmaceutical fluoxetine?”. Aquat Toxicol 146:264–265. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.11.019
34. Gatidou G, Vassalou E, Thomaidis NS (2010) Bioconcentration of selected endocrine disrupting compounds in the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mar Pollut Bull 60:2111–2116. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.07.003
35. Gomez E, Bachelot M, Boillot C, Munaron D, Chiron S, Casellas C, Fenet H (2012) Bioconcentration of two pharmaceuticals (benzodiazepines) and two personal care products (UV filters) in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) under controlled laboratory conditions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 19:2561–2569. doi:10.1007/s11356–012–0964–3
36. Gomez MJ, Petrovic M, Fernandez-Alba AR, Barcelo D (2006) Determination of pharmaceuticals of various therapeutic classes by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis in hospital effluent wastewaters. J Chromatogr A 1114:224–233. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2006.02.038
37. Gorga M, Petrovic M, Barceló D (2013) Multi-residue analytical method for the determination of endocrine disruptors and related compounds in river and waste water using dual column liquid chromatography switching system coupled to mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1295:57–66. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.028
38. Hektoen H, Berge J, Hormazabal V, Yndestad M (1995) Persistence of antibacterial agents in marine sediments. Aquaculture 133:175–184. doi:10.1016/0044–8486(94)00310-K
39. Hernandez F, Sancho JV, Pozo OJ (2005) Critical review of the application of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry to the determination of pesticide residues in biological samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 382:934–946. doi:10.1007/s00216–005–3185–5
40. Hoenicke R, Oros DR, Oram JJ, Taberski KM (2007) Adapting an ambient monitoring program to the challenge of managing emerging pollutants in the San Francisco Estuary. Environ Res 105:132–144. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2007.01.005
41. Huggett DB, Brooks BW, Peterson B, Foran CM, Schlenk D (2002) Toxicity of select beta adrenergic receptor-blocking pharmaceuticals (β-blockers) on aquatic organisms. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43:229–235. doi:10.1007/s00244–002–1182–7
42. Jiang, J.–J., Lee, C.-L., Fang, M.-D., 2014. Emerging organic contaminants in coastal waters: Anthropogenic impact, environmental release and ecological risk. Marine Pollution Bulletin. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.12.045
43. Kah M, Brown CD (2007) Prediction of the adsorption of ionizable pesticides in soils. J Agric Food Chem 55:2312–2322. doi:10.1021/jf063048q
44. Kameda Y, Kimura K, Miyazaki M (2011) Occurrence and profiles of organic sun-blocking agents in surface waters and sediments in Japanese rivers and lakes. Environ Pollut 159:1570–1576. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.055
45. Kannan K, Reiner JL, Yun SH, Perrotta EE, Tao L, Johnson-Restrepo B, Rodan BD (2005) Polycyclic musk compounds in higher trophic level aquatic organisms and humans from the United States. Chemosphere 61:693–700. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.041
46. Klosterhaus SL, Grace R, Hamilton MC, Yee D (2013) Method validation and reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and alkylphenols in surface waters, sediments, and mussels in an urban estuary. Environ Int 54:92–9. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.01.009
47. Knee KL, Gossett R, Boehm AB, Paytan A (2010) Caffeine and agricultural pesticide concentrations in surface water and groundwater on the north shore of Kauai (Hawaii, USA). Mar Pollut Bull 60:1376–1382. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.04.019
48. Kookana RS, Shareef A, Fernandes MB, Hoare S, Gaylard S, Kumar A (2013) Bioconcentration of triclosan and methyl-triclosan in marine mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) under laboratory conditions and in metropolitan waters of Gulf St Vincent, South Australia. Mar Pollut Bull 74:66–72. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.030
49. Kwon Y-K, Jung Y-S, Park J-C, Seo J, Choi M-S, Hwang G-S (2012) Characterizing the effect of heavy metal contamination on marine mussels using metabolomics. Mar Pollut Bull 64:1874–1879. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.06.012
50. La Farre M, Perez S, Kantiani L, Barcelo D (2008) Fate and toxicity of emerging pollutants, their metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic environment. Trends Anal Chem 27:991–1007. doi:10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.010
51. Langford KH, Thomas KV (2008) Inputs of chemicals from recreational activities into the Norwegian coastal zone. J Environ Monit 10:894–898. doi:10.1039/b806198j
52. Lapworth DJ, Baran N, Stuart ME, Ward RS (2012) Emerging organic contaminants in groundwater: a review of sources, fate and occurrence. Environ Pollut 163:287–303. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.034
53. Liang X, Chen B, Nie X, Shi Z, Huang X, Li X (2013) The distribution and partitioning of common antibiotics in water and sediment of the Pearl River Estuary, South China. Chemosphere 92:1410–1416. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.044
54. Li W, Shi Y, Gao L, Liu J, Cai Y (2012) Investigation of antibiotics in mollusks from coastal waters in the Bohai Sea of China. Environ Pollut 162:56–62. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.10.022
55. Li ZH, Randak T (2009) Residual pharmaceutically active compounds (PhAcs) in aquatic environment—status, toxicity and kinetics: a review. Vet Med 54:295–314
56. Long ER, Dutch M, Weakland S, Chandramouli B, Benskin JP (2013) Quantification of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and perfluoroalkyl substances in the marine sediments of Puget Sound, Washington, USA. Environ Toxicol Chem 32:1701–1710. doi:10.1002/etc.2281
57. Martinez Bueno MJ, Dolores Hernando M, Agueera A, Fernandez-Alba AR (2009) Application of passive sampling devices for screening of micro-pollutants in marine aquaculture using LC-MS/MS. Talanta 77:1518–1527. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2008.09.047
58. Martinez Bueno MJM, Boillot C, Munaron D, Fenet H, Casellas C, Gomez E (2014) Occurrence of venlafaxine residues and its metabolites in marine mussels at trace levels: development of analytical method and a monitoring program. Anal Bioanal Chem 406:601–610. doi:10.1007/s00216–013–7477-x
59. Maruya KA, Dodder NG, Schaffner RA, Weisberg SB, Gregorio D, Klosterhaus S, Alvarez DA, Furlong ET, Kimbrough KL, Lauenstein GG, Christensen JD (2014a) Refocusing mussel watch on contaminants of emerging concern (CECs): The California pilot study (2009–10). Mar Pollut Bull 81:334–339. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.027
60. Maruya KA, Schlenk D, Anderson PD, Denslow ND, Drewes JE, Olivieri AW, Scott GI, Snyder SA (2014b) An adaptive, comprehensive monitoring strategy for chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in California’s Aquatic Ecosystems. Integr Environ Assess Manag 10:69–77. doi:10.1002/ieam.1483
61. Maruya KA, Vidal-Dorsch DE, Bay SM, Kwon JW, Xia K, Armbrust KL (2012) Organic contaminants of emerging concern in sediments and flatfish collected near outfalls discharging treated wastewater effluent to the Southern California Bight. Environ Toxicol Chem 31:2683–2688. doi:10.1002/etc.2003
62. Matsuo AYO, Gallagher EP, Trute M, Stapleton PL, Levado R, Schlenk D (2008) Characterization of phase I biotransformation enzymes in Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Comparative biochemistry and physiology part C. Toxicol Pharmacol 147:78–84. doi:10.1016/j.cbpc.2007.08.001
63. McEneff G, Barron L, Kelleher B, Paull B, Quinn B (2014) A year-long study of the spatial occurrence and relative distribution of pharmaceutical residues in sewage effluent, receiving marine waters and marine bivalves. Sci Total Environ 476–477:317–326. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.123
64. Milan M, Pauletto M, Patarnello T, Bargelloni L, Marin MG, Matozzo V (2013) Gene transcription and biomarker responses in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum after exposure to ibuprofen. Aquat Toxicol 126:17–29. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.10.007
65. Miller TR, Heidler J, Chillrud SN, Delaquil A, Ritchie JC, Mihalic JN, Bopp R, Halden RU (2008) Fate of triclosan and evidence for reductive dechlorination of triclocarban in estuarine sediments. Environ Sci Technol 42:4570–4576. doi:10.1021/es702882g
66. Minh TB, Leung HW, Loi IH, Chan WH, So MK, Mao JQ, Choi D, Lam JCW, Zheng G, Martin M, Lee JHW, Lam PKS, Richardson BJ (2009) Antibiotics in the Hong Kong metropolitan area: ubiquitous distribution and fate in Victoria Harbour. Mar Pollut Bull 58:1052–1062. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.02.004
67. Munaron D, Tapie N, Budzinski H, Andral B, Gonzalez JL (2012) Pharmaceuticals, alkylphenols and pesticides in Mediterranean coastal waters: results from a pilot survey using passive samplers. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (Elsevier). doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2011.09.009
68. Na G, Fang X, Cai Y, Ge L, Zong H, Yuan X, Yao Z, Zhang Z (2013) Occurrence, distribution, and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in coastal environment of Dalian, China. Mar Pollut Bull 69:233–7. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.028
69. Nakata H, Sasaki H, Takemura A, Yoshioka M, Tanabe S, Kannan K (2007) Bioaccumulation, temporal trend, and geographical distribution of synthetic musks in the marine environment. Environ Sci Technol 41:2216–2222. doi:10.1021/es0623818
70. Nakata H, Shinohara R-I, Nakazawa Y, Isobe T, Sudaryanto A, Subramanian A, Tanabe S, Zakaria MP, Zheng GJ, Lam PKS, Kim EY, Min B-Y, We S-U, Viet PH, Tana TS, Prudente M, Frank D, Lauenstein G, Kannan K (2012) Asia-Pacific mussel watch for emerging pollutants: distribution of synthetic musks and benzotriazole UV stabilizers in Asian and US coastal waters. Mar Pollut Bull 64:2211–2218. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.07.049
71. Negreira N, López de Alda M, Barceló D (2014) Study of the stability of 26 cytostatic drugs and metabolites in wastewater under different conditions. Sci Total Environ 482–483:389–398. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.131
72. Pal A, Gin KY-H, Lin AY-C, Reinhard M (2010) Impacts of emerging organic contaminants on freshwater resources: review of recent occurrences, sources, fate and effects. Sci Total Environ 408:6062–6069. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.09.026
73. Petrović M, Hernando MD, Díaz-Cruz MS, Barceló D (2005) Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of pharmaceutical residues in environmental samples: a review. J Chromatogr A 1067:1–14. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2004.10.110
74. Pichon V (2000) Solid-phase extraction for multiresidue analysis of organic contaminants in water. J Chromatogr A 885:195–215. doi:10.1016/S0021–9673(00)00456–8
75. Picot Groz M, Martinez Bueno MJ, Rosain D, Fenet H, Casellas C, Pereira C, Maria V, Bebianno MJ, Gomez E (2014) Detection of emerging contaminants (UV filters, UV stabilizers and musks) in marine mussels from Portuguese coast by QuEChERS extraction and GC-MS/MS. Sci Total Environ 493:162–169. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.062
76. Quinete N, Wu Q, Zhang T, Yun SH, Moreira I, Kannan K (2009) Specific profiles of perfluorinated compounds in surface and drinking waters and accumulation in mussels, fish, and dolphins from southeastern Brazil. Chemosphere 77:863–869. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.079
77. Richardson BJ, Larn PKS, Martin M (2005) Emerging chemicals of concern: Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in Asia, with particular reference to Southern China. Mar Pollut Bull 50:913–920. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.06.034
78. Rico A, Van den Brink PJ (2014) Probabilistic risk assessment of veterinary medicines applied to four major aquaculture species produced in Asia. Sci Total Environ 468–469:630–641. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.063
79. Robinson BJ, Hellou J (2009) Biodegradation of endocrine disrupting compounds in harbour seawater and sediments. Sci Total Environ 407:5713–5718. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.07.003
80. Rodil R, Schrader S, Moeder M (2009) Non-porous membrane-assisted liquid-liquid extraction of UV filter compounds from water samples. J Chromatogr A 1216:4887–4894. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.042
81. Rubinfeld SA, Luthy RG (2008) Nitromusk compounds in San Francisco Bay sediments. Chemosphere 73:873–879. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.042
82. Rüdel H, Boehmer W, Schroeter-Kermani C (2006) Retrospective monitoring of synthetic musk compounds in aquatic biota from German rivers and coastal areas. J Environ Monit 8:812–823. doi:10.1039/b602389b
83. SANCO/825/00 rev. 8.1 (2010) Guidance document on pesticide residue analytical methods, European Commission, Directorate-General for Health and Consumer Protection
84. Smith EM, Chu S, Paterson G, Metcalfe CD, Wilson JY (2010) Cross-species comparison of fluoxetine metabolism with fish liver microsomes. Chemosphere 79:26–32. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.01.058
85. Sumner NR, Guitart C, Fuentes G, Readman JW (2010) Inputs and distributions of synthetic musk fragrances in an estuarine and coastal environment; a case study. Environ Pollut 158:215–222. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.018
86. Sumpter JP, Margiotta-Casaluci L (2014) Are some invertebrates exquisitely sensitive to the human pharmaceutical Fluoxetine? Aquat Toxicol 146:259–260. doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.11.021
87. Teramitsu I, Yamamoto Y, Chiba I, Iwata H, Tanabe S, Fujise Y, Kazusaka A, Akahori F, Fujita S (2000) Identification of novel cytochrome P450 1A genes from five marine mammal species. Aquat Toxicol 51:145–153. doi:10.1016/S0166–445× (00)00113–2
88. Thomas KV, Hilton MJ (2004) The occurrence of selected human pharmaceutical compounds in UK estuaries. Mar Pollut Bull 49:436–444. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.02.028
89. Togola A, Budzinski H (2008) Multi-residue analysis of pharmaceutical compounds in aqueous samples. J Chromatogr A 1177:150–158. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.105
90. Tovar-Sanchez A, Sanchez-Quiles D, Basterretxea G, Benede JL, Chisvert A, Salvador A, Moreno-Garrido I, Blasco J (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants to coastal waters. PLoS ONE 8:e65451. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065451
91. Ueno R, Okada Y, Tatsuno T (2001) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of miloxacin in cultured eel. Aquaculture 193:11–24. doi:10.1016/S0044–8486(00)00475–0
92. Vanderford BJ, Snyder SA (2006) Analysis of pharmaceuticals in water by isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol 40:7312–7320. doi:10.1021/es0613198
93. Vasudevan D, Bruland GL, Torrance BS, Upchurch VG, MacKay AA (2009) pH-dependent ciprofloxacin sorption to soils: interaction mechanisms and soil factors influencing sorption. Geoderma 151:68–76. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.03.007
94. Verlicchi P, Al Aukidy M, Zambello E (2012) Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in urban wastewater: removal, mass load and environmental risk after a secondary treatment—a review. Sci Total Environ 429:123–155. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.028
95. Vidal-Dorsch DE, Bay SM, Maruya K, Snyder SA, Trenholm RA, Vanderford BJ (2012) Contaminants of emerging concern in municipal wastewater effluents and marine receiving water. Environ Toxicol Chem 31:2674–2682. doi:10.1002/etc.2004
96. Von Oepen B, Kördel W, Klein W (1991) Sorption of nonpolar and polar compounds to soils: processes, measurements and experience with the applicability of the modified OECD-Guideline 106. Chemosphere 22:285–304. doi:10.1016/0045–6535(91)90318–8
97. Wang J, Hu J, Zhang S (2010) Studies on the sorption of tetracycline onto clays and marine sediment from seawater. J Colloid Interface Sci 349:578–582. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2010.04.081
98. Weigel S, Berger U, Jensen E, Kallenborn R, Thoresen H, Huhnerfuss H (2004) Determination of selected pharmaceuticals and caffeine in sewage and seawater from Tromso/Norway with emphasis on ibuprofen and its metabolites. Chemosphere 56:583–592. doi:10.1016/j.chemoosphere.2004.05.015
99. Weigel, S., Kuhlmann, J., Huhnerfuss, H., 2002. Drugs and personal care products as ubiquitous pollutants: occurrence and distribution of clofibric acid, caffeine and DEET in the North Sea. Science of the Total Environment 295, 131–141. doi:10.1016/S0048–9697(02)00064–5
100. Wille K, Kiebooms JAL, Claessens M, Rappe K, Vanden Bussche J, Noppe H, Van Praet N, De Wulf E, Van Caeter P, Janssen CR, De Brabander HF, Vanhaecke L (2011) Development of analytical strategies using U-HPLC-MS/MS and LC-ToF-MS for the quantification of micropollutants in marine organisms. Anal Bioanal Chem 400:1459–1472. doi:10.1007/s00216–011–4878–6
101. Wille K, Noppe H, Verheyden K, Vanden Bussche J, De Wulf E, Van Caeter P, Janssen CR, De Brabander HF, Vanhaecke L (2010) Validation and application of an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 13 pharmaceuticals in seawater. Anal Bioanal Chem 397:1797–1808. doi:10.1007/s00216–010–3702-z
102. Wu J-L, Lam NP, Martens D, Kettrup A, Cai Z (2007) Triclosan determination in water related to wastewater treatment. Talanta 72:1650–1654. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2007.03.024
103. Xie Z, Ebinghaus R, Floeer G, Caba A, Ruck W (2008) Occurrence and distribution of triclosan in the German Bight (North Sea). Environ Pollut 156:1190–1195. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.04.008
104. Yamamoto H, Nakamura Y, Moriguchi S, Nakamura Y, Honda Y, Tamura I, Hirata Y, Hayashi A, Sekizawa J (2009) Persistence and partitioning of eight selected pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment: laboratory photolysis, biodegradation, and sorption experiments. Water Res 43:351–362. doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.10.039
105. Yang J-F, Ying G-G, Zhao J-L, Tao R, Su H-C, Chen F (2010) Simultaneous determination of four classes of antibiotics in sediments of the Pearl Rivers using RRLC–MS/MS. Sci Total Environ 408:3424–3432. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.03.049
106. Yang Y, Fu J, Peng H, Hou L, Liu M, Zhou JL (2011) Occurrence and phase distribution of selected pharmaceuticals in the Yangtze Estuary and its coastal zone. J Hazard Mater 190:588–596. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.092
107. Zeng X, Mai B, Sheng G, Luo X, Shao W, An T, Fu J (2008) Distribution of polycyclic musks in surface sediments from the Pearl River Delta and Macao coastal region, South China. Environ Toxicol Chem 27:18–23. doi:10.1897/07–106.1
108. Zhang R, Tang J, Li J, Cheng Z, Chaemfa C, Liu D, Zheng Q, Song M, Luo C, Zhang G (2013a) Occurrence and risks of antibiotics in the coastal aquatic environment of the Yellow Sea, North China. Sci Total Environ 450–451:197–204. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.024
109. Zhang R, Tang J, Li J, Zheng Q, Liu D, Chen Y, Zou Y, Chen X, Luo C, Zhang G (2013b) Antibiotics in the offshore waters of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in China: occurrence, distribution and ecological risks. Environ Pollut 174:71–77. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2012.11.008
110. Zhang R, Zhang G, Zheng Q, Tang J, Chen Y, Xu W, Zou Y, Chen X (2012) Occurrence and risks of antibiotics in the Laizhou Bay, China: impacts of river discharge. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 80:208–215. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.03.002
111. Zhao J-L, Ying G-G, Liu Y-S, Chen F, Yang J-F, Wang L (2010) Occurrence and risks of triclosan and triclocarban in the Pearl River system, South China: from source to the receiving environment. J Hazard Mater 179:215–222. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.02.082
112. Zou S, Xu W, Zhang R, Tang J, Chen Y, Zhang G (2011) Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in coastal water of the Bohai Bay, China: impacts of river discharge and aquaculture activities. Environ Pollut 159:2913–2920. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.04.037