Deep-ocean contribution to sea level and energy budget not detectable over the past decade

Nature Climate Change

Volumn 4, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 1031-1035

  Llovel, W ^a,b   Willis, J K ^a   Landerer, F W ^a   Fukumori, I ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^b Los Angeles   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; DEEP SEA; ENERGY BUDGET; GLOBAL OCEAN; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; WARMING;

EID: 84908519146     PISSN: 1758678X     EISSN: 17586798     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2387     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. IPCC Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis (eds Stocker, T. F. et al.) (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2013).
2. Church, J. A. &White, N. J. Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century. Surv. Geophys. 32, 585-602 (2011).
3. Cazenave, A. & Llovel, W. Contemporary sea level rise. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2, 145-173 (2010).
4. Church, J. A. et al. Revising the Earth's sea-level and energy budgets from 1961 to 2008. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38, L18601 (2011).
5. Willis, J. K., Chambers, D. P. & Nerem, R. S. Assessing the globally averaged sea level budget on seasonal to interannual time scales. J. Geophys. Res. 113, C06015 (2008).
6. Cazenave, A. et al. Sea level budget over 2003-2008: A reevaluation from GRACE space gravimetry, satellite altimetry and Argo. Glob. Planet. Change 65, 83-88 (2009).
7. Leuliette, E.W. & Miller, L. Closing the sea level rise budget with altimetry, Argo, and GRACE. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L04608 (2009).
8. Llovel, W., Guinehut, S. & Cazenave, A. Regional and interannual variability in sea level over 2002-2009 based on satellite altimetry, Argo float data and GRACE ocean mass. Ocean Dyn. 60, 1193-1204 (2010).
9. Leuliette, E.W. &Willis, J. K. Balancing the sea level budget. Oceanography 24, 122-129 (2011).
10. Chen, J. L., Wilson, C. R. & Tapley, B. D. Contribution of ice sheet and mountain glacier melt to recent sea level rise. Nature Geosci. 6, 549-552 (2013).
11. Llovel, W., Fukumori, I. & Meyssignac, B. Depth-dependent temperature change contributions to global mean thermosteric sea level rise from 1960 to 2010. Glob. Planet. Change 101, 113-118 (2013).
12. Abraham, J. P. et al. A review of global ocean temperature observations: Implications for ocean heat content estimates and climate change. Rev. Geophys. 51, 450-483 (2013).
13. Purkey, S. G. & Johnson, G. C.Warming of global abyssal and deep Southern Ocean waters between the 1990s and 2000s: Contributions to global heat and sea level rise budgets. J. Clim. 23, 6336-6351 (2010).
14. Kouketsu, S. et al. Deep ocean heat content changes estimated from observation and reanalysis product and their influence on sea level change. J. Geophys. Res. 116, C03012 (2011).
15. Trenberth, K. E. & Fasullo, J. T. Tracking Earth's energy. Science 328, 316-317 (2010).
16. Balmaseda, M. A., Trenberth, K. E. & Källen, E. Distinctive climate signals in reanalysis of global ocean heat content. Geophys. Res. Lett. 40, 1754-1759 (2013).
17. Nerem, R. S., Chambers, D. P., Choe, C. & Mitchum, G. T. Estimating mean sea level change from the TOPEX and Jason Altimeter Missions. Mar. Geodesy 33, 435-446 (2010).
18. Llovel, W. et al. Terrestrial waters and sea level variations on interannual time scale. Glob. Planet. Change 75, 76-82 (2011).
19. Boening, C., Willis, J. K., Landerer, F.W., Nerem, R. S. & Fasullo, J. The 2011 La Niña: So strong, the oceans fell. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L19602 (2012).
20. Fasullo, J. T., Boening, C., Landerer, F.W. & Nerem, R. S. Australia's unique influence on global sea level in 2010-2011. Geophys. Res. Lett. 40, 4368-4373 (2013).
21. Cazenave, A. et al. The rate of sea-level rise. Nature Clim. Change 4, 358-361 (2014).
22. Leuliette, E.W. & Scharroo, R. Integrating Jason-2 into a multiple-Altimeter climate data record. Mar. Geodesy 33, 504-517 (2010).
23. Lyman, J. M. & Johnson, G. C. Estimating global ocean heat content changes in the upper 1800m since 1950 and the influence of climatology choice. J. Clim. 27, 1945-1957 (2014).
24. Levitus, S. et al.World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0-2000 m), 1955-2010. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39, L10603 (2012).
25. Chambers, D. P., Wahr, J., Tamisiea, M. E. & Nerem, R. S. Ocean mass from GRACE and glacial isostatic adjustment. J. Geophys. Res. 115, B11415 (2010).
26. Altamimi, Z., Collilieux, X. & Metivier, L. ITRF2008: An improved solution of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame. J. Geod. 85, 457-473 (2011).
27. Von Schuckmann, K. & Le Traon, P-Y. How well can we derive Global Ocean Indicators from Argo data? Ocean Sci. 7, 783-791 (2011).
28. Loeb, N. et al. Observed changes in top-of-The-Atmosphere radiation and upper-ocean heating consistent within uncertainty. Nature Geosci. 5, 110-113 (2012).
29. Mitchum, G. An improved calibration of satellite altimetric heights using tide gauge sea levels with adjustment for land motion. Mar. Geodesy 23, 145-166 (2000).
30. Johnson, G. C. & Chambers, D. P. Ocean bottom pressure seasonal cycles and decadal trends from GRACE Release-05: Ocean circulation implications. J. Geophys. Res. 118, 4228-4240 (2013).
31. Swenson, S., Chambers, D. &Wahr, J. Estimating geocenter variations from a combination of GRACE and ocean model output. J. Geophys. Res. 113, B08410 (2008).
32. Geruo, A., Wahr, J. & Zhong, S. J. Computations of the viscoelastic response of a 3-D compressible Earth to surface loading: An application to glacial isostatic adjustment in Antarctica and Canada. Geophys. J. Int. 192, 557-572 (2013).
33. Cheng, M., Tapley, B. D. & Ries, J. C. Deceleration in the Earth's oblateness. J. Geophys. Res. 118, 740-747 (2013).
34. Roemmich, D. & Gilson, J. The 2004-2008 mean and annual cycle of temperature, salinity and steric height in the global ocean from the Argo program. Prog. Oceanogr. 82, 81-100 (2009).
35. Hosoda, S. et al. A monthly mean dataset of global oceanic temperature and salinity derived from Argo float observations. JAMSTEC Rep. Res. Dev. 8, 47-59 (2008).
36. Wong, A. P. S. et al. Argo Quality Control Manual, Version 2.31 Ar-um-04-01 (2008).