A benzodithiophene-based novel electron transport layer for a highly efficient polymer solar cell

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Volumn 6, Issue 18, 2014, Pages 15875-15880

  Kim, Hong Il ^a   Bui, Thi Thu Trang ^b,c   Kim, Guan Woo ^a   Kang, Gyeongho ^a   Shin, Won Suk ^b,c   Park, Taiho ^a  

^a Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)   (South Korea)

^b Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology   (South Korea)

^c University of Science and Technology (UST)   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Conjugated polyelectrolyte; Electron transport layer; PBN; Polymer solar cell; Water alcohol soluble polymers

Indexed keywords

CONJUGATED POLYMERS; ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROPERTIES; II-VI SEMICONDUCTORS; OXIDE MINERALS; POLYELECTROLYTES; ZINC OXIDE;

BENZODITHIOPHENE; CONJUGATED POLYELECTROLYTES; DIMETHYLAMINES; ELECTRON TRANSPORT LAYERS; ELECTRON TRANSPORTING LAYER; HIGH POWER CONVERSION; INTERFACIAL RESISTANCES; INVERTED STRUCTURE;

POLYMER SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 84908505046     PISSN: 19448244     EISSN: 19448252     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/am503419r     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Li, G.; Zhu, R.; Yang, Y. Polymer Solar Cells. Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 153-161.
2. Andersen, T. R.; Dam, H. F.; Andreasen, B.; Hösel, M.; Madsen, M. V.; Gevorgyan, S. A.; Søndergaard, R. R.; Jørgensen, M.; Krebs, F. C. A Rational Method for Developing and Testing Stable Flexible Indium-and Vacuum-Free Multilayer Tandem Polymer Solar Cells Comprising Up to Twelve Roll Processed Layers. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2014, 120, 735-743.
3. Galagan, Y.; Coenen, E. W. C.; Zimmermann, B.; Slooff, L. H.; Verhees, W. J. H.; Veenstra, S. C.; Kroon, J. M.; Jørgensen, M.; Krebs, F. C.; Andriessen, R. Scaling Up ITO-Free Solar Cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 2014, 4, 1300498.
4. Espinosa, N.; Hösel, M.; Jørgensen, M.; Krebs, F. C. Large-Scale Deployment of Polymer Solar Cells on Land, on Sea, and in the Air. Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 855-866.
5. Liang, Y.; Xu, Z.; Xia, J.; Tsai, S. T.; Wu, Y.; Li, G.; Ray, C.; Yu, L. For the Bright Future-Bulk Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiency of 7.4%. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, E135-E138.
6. Piliego, C.; Holcombe, T. W.; Douglas, J. D.; Woo, C. H.; Beaujuge, P. M.; Frechet, J. M. Synthetic Control of Structural Order in N-Alkylthieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione-Based Polymers for Efficient Solar Cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 7595-7597.
7. Carsten, B.; Szarko, J. M.; Son, H. J.; Wang, W.; Lu, L.; He, F.; Rolczynski, B. S.; Lou, S. J.; Chen, L. X.; Yu, L. Examining the Effect of the Dipole Moment on Charge Separation in Donor-Acceptor Polymers for Organic Photovoltaic Applications. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 20468-20475.
8. Najari, A.; Beaupré, S.; Berrouard, P.; Zou, Y.; Pouliot, J.-R.; Lepage-Pérusse, C.; Leclerc, M. Synthesis and Characterization of New Thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione Derivatives for Photovoltaic Applications. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 718-728.
9. Dou, L.; Chen, C.-C.; Yoshimura, K.; Ohya, K.; Chang, W.-H.; Gao, J.; Liu, Y.; Richard, E.; Yang, Y. Synthesis of 5H-Dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]pyran as an Electron-Rich Building Block for Donor-Acceptor Type Low-Bandgap Polymers. Macromolecules 2013, 46, 3384-3390.
10. Liu, Y.; Chen, C. C.; Hong, Z.; Gao, J.; Yang, Y. M.; Zhou, H.; Dou, L.; Li, G.; Yang, Y. Solution-Processed Small-Molecule Solar Cells: Breaking the 10% Power Conversion Efficiency. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 3356.
11. Kim, J. Y.; Lee, K.; Coates, N. E.; Moses, D.; Nguyen, T. Q.; Dante, M.; Heeger, A. J. Efficient Tandem Polymer Solar Cells Fabricated by All-Solution Processing. Science 2007, 317, 222-225.
12. Ameri, T.; Dennler, G.; Lungenschmied, C.; Brabec, C. J. Organic Tandem Solar Cells: A Review. Energy Environ. Sci. 2009, 2, 347-363.
13. Dou, L.; You, J.; Yang, J.; Chen, C.-C.; He, Y.; Murase, S.; Moriarty, T.; Emery, K.; Li, G.; Yang, Y. Tandem Polymer Solar Cells Featuring a Spectrally Matched Low-Bandgap Polymer. Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 180-185.
14. You, J.; Dou, L.; Yoshimura, K.; Kato, T.; Ohya, K.; Moriarty, T.; Emery, K.; Chen, C. C.; Gao, J.; Li, G.; Yang, Y. A Polymer Tandem Solar Cell with 10.6% Power Conversion Efficiency. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 1445-1446.
15. Chen, C.-C.; Dou, L.; Gao, J.; Chang, W.-H.; Li, G.; Yang, Y. High-Performance Semi-Transparent Polymer Solar Cells Possessing Tandem Structures. Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 2714-2720.
16. Yip, H.-L.; Hau, S. K.; Baek, N. S.; Ma, H.; Jen, A. K. Y. Polymer Solar Cells That Use Self-Assembled-Monolayer-Modified ZnO/ Metals as Cathodes. Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 2376-2382.
17. Small, C. E.; Chen, S.; Subbiah, J.; Amb, C. M.; Tsang, S.-W.; Lai, T.-H.; Reynolds, J. R.; So, F. High-Efficiency Inverted Dithienogermole-Thienopyrrolodione-Based Polymer Solar Cells. Nat. Photonics 2011, 6, 115-120.
18. Song, C. E.; Ryu, K. Y.; Hong, S. J.; Bathula, C.; Lee, S. K.; Shin, W. S.; Lee, J. C.; Choi, S. K.; Kim, J. H.; Moon, S. J. Enhanced Performance in Inverted Polymer Solar Cells with D-p-A-Type Molecular Dye Incorporated on ZnO Buffer Layer. ChemSusChem 2013, 6, 1445-1454.
19. Thambidurai, M.; Kim, J. Y.; Song, J.; Ko, Y.; Song, H.-j.; Kang, C.-m.; Muthukumarasamy, N.; Velauthapillai, D.; Lee, C. High Performance Inverted Organic Solar Cells with Solution Processed Ga-Doped ZnO as an Interfacial Electron Transport Layer. J. Mater. Chem. C 2013, 1, 8161-8166.
20. Lee, J. M.; Park, J. S.; Lee, S. H.; Kim, H.; Yoo, S.; Kim, S. O. Selective Electron-or Hole-Transport Enhancement in Bulk-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells with N-or B-Doped Carbon Nanotubes. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 629-633.
21. Yip, H.-L.; Jen, A. K. Y. Recent Advances in Solution-Processed Interfacial Materials for Efficient and Stable Polymer Solar Cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 5994-6011.
22. O'Malley, K. M.; Li, C.-Z.; Yip, H.-L.; Jen, A. K. Y. Enhanced Open-Circuit Voltage in High Performance Polymer/Fullerene Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells by Cathode Modification with a C60 Surfactant. Adv. Energy Mater. 2012, 2, 82-86.
23. Duan, C.; Zhong, C.; Liu, C.; Huang, F.; Cao, Y. Highly Efficient Inverted Polymer Solar Cells Based on an Alcohol Soluble Fullerene Derivative Interfacial Modification Material. Chem. Mater. 2012, 24, 1682-1689.
24. Choi, H.; Park, J. S.; Jeong, E.; Kim, G. H.; Lee, B. R.; Kim, S. O.; Song, M. H.; Woo, H. Y.; Kim, J. Y. Combination of Titanium Oxide and a Conjugated Polyelectrolyte for High-Performance Inverted-Type Organic Optoelectronic Devices. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 2759-2763.
25. He, Z.; Zhong, C.; Su, S.; Xu, M.; Wu, H.; Cao, Y. Enhanced Power-Conversion Efficiency in Polymer Solar Cells Using an Inverted Device Structure. Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 593-597.
26. Yang, T.; Wang, M.; Duan, C.; Hu, X.; Huang, L.; Peng, J.; Huang, F.; Gong, X. Inverted Polymer Solar Cells with 8.4% Efficiency by Conjugated Polyelectrolyte. Energy Environ. Sci. 2012, 5, 8208-8214.
27. Chang, Y.-M.; Leu, C.-Y. Conjugated Polyelectrolyte and Zinc Oxide Stacked Structure as an Interlayer in Highly Efficient and Stable Organic Photovoltaic Cells. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 6446-6451.
28. Moon, B. J.; Lee, G. Y.; Im, M. J.; Song, S.; Park, T. In Situ Modulation of the Vertical Distribution in a Blend of P3HT and PC60BM via the Addition of a Composition Gradient Inducer. Nanoscale 2014, 6, 2440-2446.
29. Owens, D. K.; Wendt, R. C. Estimation of the Surface Free Energy of Polymers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1969, 13, 1741-1747.
30. Kim, J.; Kwon, Y. S.; Shin, W. S.; Moon, S.-J.; Park, T. Carbazole-Based Copolymers: Effects of Conjugation Breaks and Steric Hindrance. Macromolecules 2011, 44, 1909-1919.
31. Cha, H.; Lee, G. Y.; Fu, Y.; Kim, Y. J.; Park, C. E.; Park, T. Simultaneously Grasping and Self-Organizing Photoactive Polymers for Highly Reproducible Organic Solar Cells with Improved Efficiency. Adv. Energy Mater. 2013, 3, 1018-1024.