Catalytic pyrolysis and flame retardancy of epoxy resins with solid acid boron phosphate

Polymer Degradation and Stability

Volumn 110, Issue , 2014, Pages 395-404

  Zhou, You ^a   Feng, Jie ^a,b   Peng, Hui ^a   Qu, Hongqiang ^c   Hao, Jianwei ^a  

^a BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (China)

^b POLITECNICO DI TORINO   (Italy)

^c HEBEI UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Boron phosphate; Epoxy resins; Flame retardancy; Pyrolysis; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Indexed keywords

PYROLYSIS; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

BORON PHOSPHATE; CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS; FLAME RETARDANCY; SOLID ACID;

EPOXY RESINS;

EID: 84908460140     PISSN: 01413910     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.10.009     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. J. Bai Advanced fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for structural applications 2013 Woodhead Publishing
2. H. Dodiuk, and S.H. Goodman Handbook of thermoset plastics 3rd ed. 2014 William Andrem
3. X.N. Yang, L.S. Sun, J. Xiang, S. Hu, and S. Su Pyrolysis and dehalogenation of plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE): a review Waste Manag 33 2 2013 462 473
4. J. DiGangi, A. Blum, A. Bergman, C.A. de Wit, D. Lucas, and D. Mortimer San antonio statement on brominated and chlorinated flame retardants Environ Health Perspect 118 2010 516 519
5. S. Kemmlein, D. Herzke, and R.J. Law Brominated flame retardants in the European chemicals policy of REACH-Regulation and determination in materials J Chromatogr A 1216 3 2009 320 333
6. Y. Chen, J.H. Li, L.L. Liu, and N.N. Zhao Polybrominated diphenyl ethers fate in China: a review with an emphasis on environmental contamination levels, human exposure and regulation J Environ Manage 113 2012 22 30
7. F. Bellucci, G. Camino, A. Frache, and A. Sarra Catalytic charring-volatilization competition in organoclay nanocomposites Polym Degrad Stab 92 3 2007 425 436
8. P. Kiliaris, and C.D. Papaspyrides Polymer/layered silicate (clay) nanocomposites: an overview of flame retardancy Prog Polym Sci 35 7 2010 902 958
9. M.Z. Dong, X.Y. Gu, S. Zhang, H.F. Li, and P. Jiang Effects of acidic sites in HA zeolite on the fire performance of polystyrene composite Ind Eng Chem Res 52 26 2013 9145 9154
10. Y.B. Cai, Y. Hu, L. Song, S.Y. Xuan, Y. Zhang, and Z.Y. Chen Catalyzing carbonization function of ferric chloride based on acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer/organophilic montmorillonite nanocomposites Polym Degrad Stab 92 3 2007 490 496
11. P.A. Song, Z.P. Fang, L.F. Tong, Y.M. Jin, and F.Z. Lu Effects of metal chelates on a novel oligomeric intumescent flame retardant system for polypropylene J Anal Appl Pyrol 82 2 2008 286 291
12. D.D. Yang, Y. Hu, H.P. Xu, and L.P. Zhu Catalyzing carbonization of organophilic alpha-zirconium phosphate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer nanocomposites J Appl Polym Sci 130 5 2013 3038 3042
13. X.Q. Liu, D.Y. Wang, X.L. Wang, L. Chen, and Y.Z. Wang Synthesis of functionalized a-zirconium phosphate modified with intumescent flame retardant and its application in poly (lactic acid) Polym Degrad Stab 98 9 2013 1731 1737
14. C. Chen, Z.H. Guo, S.Y. Ran, and Z.P. Fang Synthesis of cerium phenylphosphonate and its synergistic flame retardant effect with decabromodiphenyl oxide in glass-fiber reinforced poly (ethylene terephthalate) Polym Compos 35 3 2014 539 547
15. R.J. Song, Z. Wang, X.Y. Meng, B.Y. Zhang, and T. Tang Influences of catalysis and dispersion of organically modified montmorillonite on flame retardancy of polypropylene nanocomposites J Appl Polym Sci 106 5 2007 3488 3494
16. Z. Wang, X.H. Du, H.O. Yu, Z.W. Jiang, J. Liu, and T. Tang Mechanism on flame retardancy of polystyrene/clay composites-The effect of surfactants and aggregate state of organoclay Polymer 50 24 2009 5794 5802
17. Z.T. Wang, D.D. Jiang, M.A. McKinney, and C.A. Wilkie Cross-linking of polystyrene by Friedel-Crafts chemistry to improve thermal stability Polym Degrad Stab 64 3 1999 387 395
18. Z.T. Wang, D.D. Jiang, C.A. Wilkie, and J.W. Gilman Further studies on fire retardant polystyrene by Friedel-Crafts chemistry Polym Degrad Stab 66 3 1999 373 378
19. J. Jiang, J. Kim, and J.Y. Bae Effects of Lewis acid-type transition metal chloride additives on the thermal degradation of ABS Polym Degrad Stab 88 2 2005 324 332
20. J.B. Moffat, and S.S. Jewur The dehydration of cis- and trans-2-methylcyclopentanol on stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric B-P-O catalysts J Catal 75 1 1982 94 100
21. R. Hsu, J.Y. Kim, P.N. Kumta, and T.P. Feist Modified oxide sol-precipitation (MOSP) approach for synthesizing borophosphosilicate glasses and glass-ceramics Chem Mater 8 1 1996 107 113
22. K.V. Shiryaev Quartz ceramics containing boron phosphate additive Glass Ceram 48 1 1991 26 28
23. M. Doʇan, and E. Bayraml Effect of boron-containing materials on the flammability and thermal degradation of polyamide 6 composites containing melamine J Appl Polym Sci 118 5 2010 2722 2727
24. M. Doʇan, and E. BayramlI The flame retardant effect of aluminum phosphinate in combination with zinc borate, borophosphate, and nanoclay in polyamide-6 Fire Mater 38 1 2014 92 99
25. M. Doʇan, A. YIlmaz, and E. BayramlI Synergistic effect of boron containing substances on flame retardancy and thermal stability of intumescent polypropylene composites Polym Degrad Stab 95 12 2010 2584 2588
26. K.M. Zhao, W.Z. Xu, L. Song, B.B. Wang, H. Feng, and Y. Hu Synergistic effects between boron phosphate and microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate in flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane composites Polym Adv Technol 23 5 2012 894 900
27. E. ÇakmakçI, and A. Güngör Preparation and characterization of flame retardant and proton conducting boron phosphate/polyimide composites Polym Degrad Stab 98 5 2013 927 933
28. C.A. Wilkie, and A.B. Morgan Fire retardancy of polymeric materials 2nd ed. 2010 CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group
29. M.-G. Barthés-Labrousse Acid-base characterisation of flat oxide-covered metal surfaces Vacuum 67 3-4 2002 385 392
30. J. Marsh, L. Minel, M.G. Barthés-Labrousse, and D. Gorse Interaction of epoxy model molecules with aluminium, anodized titanium and copper surfaces: an XPS study Appl Surf Sci 133 4 1998 270 286
31. W.Z. Jiang, J.W. Hao, and Z.D. Han Study on the thermal degradation of mixtures of ammonium polyphosphate and a novel caged bicyclic phosphate and their flame retardant effect in polypropylene Polym Degrad Stab 97 4 2012 632 637
32. G. Ballerini, K. Ogle, and M.-G. Barthés-Labrousse The acid-base properties of the surface of native zinc oxide layers: an XPS study of adsorption of 1, 2-diaminoethane Appl Surf Sci 253 16 2007 6860 6867
33. M. Suguna Lakshmi, B. Narmadha, and B.S.R. Reddy Enhanced thermal stability and structural characteristics of different MMT-clay/epoxy-nanocomposite materials Polym Degrad Stab 93 1 2008 201 213
34. F.L. Jin, and S.J. Park Thermal properties of epoxy resin/filler hybrid composites Polym Degrad Stab 97 11 2012 2148 2153
35. W.C. Zhang, X.M. Li, and R.J. Yang Pyrolysis and fire behaviour of epoxy resin composites based on a phosphorus-containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (DOPO-POSS) Polym Degrad Stab 96 10 2011 1821 1832
36. T. Mariappan, Y. Zhou, J.W. Hao, and C.A. Wilkie Influence of oxidation state of phosphorus on the thermal and flammability of polyurea and epoxy resin Eur Polym J 49 10 2013 3171 3180
37. X. Wang, Y. Hu, L. Song, W.Y. Xing, and H.D. Lu Thermal degradation mechanism of flame retarded epoxy resins with a DOPO-substitued organophosphorus oligomer by TG-FTIR and DP-MS J Anal Appl Pyrol 92 1 2011 164 170
38. X. Wang, Y. Hu, L. Song, W.Y. Xing, and H.D. Lu Thermal degradation behaviors of epoxy resin/POSS hybrids and phosphorus-silicon synergism of flame retardancy J Polym Sci Part B Polym Phys 48 6 2010 693 705
39. Y.J. Lee, and L.R. Radovic Oxidation inhibition effects of phosphorus and boron in different carbon fabrics Carbon 41 10 2003 1987 1997
40. K.M. Hello, F. Adam, and T.H. Ali A solid sulfonic acid catalyst for the solvent free alkylation of phenol J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 45 1 2014 134 142
41. H.L. Jin, M.B. Ansari, and S.E. Park Chemoselective O-versus C-alkylation of substituted phenols with cyclohexene over mesoporous ZSM-5 Appl Catal A 472 2014 184 190