Mortality of patients infected with HIV in the intensive care unit (2005 through 2010): Significant role of chronic hepatitis C and severe sepsis

Critical Care

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2014, Pages

  Medrano, José ^a,b   Álvaro Meca, Alejando ^c   Boyer, Alexandre ^d   Jiménez Sousa, María A ^e   Resino, Salvador ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY UPV EHU   (Spain)

^b HOSPITAL TXAGORRITXU   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS   (Spain)

^d UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^e INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HAZARD RATIO; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIXED INFECTION; MORTALITY; SEPSIS; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; CHRONIC HEPATITIS C; COMPLICATION; HIV INFECTIONS; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SPAIN;

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT;

ADULT; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; ANTI-RETROVIRAL AGENTS; FEMALE; HEPATITIS C, CHRONIC; HIV INFECTIONS; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; SEPSIS; SPAIN;

EID: 84908143519     PISSN: 13648535     EISSN: 1466609X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-014-0475-3     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Global HIV/AIDS response: Epidemic Update and Health Sector Progress Towards Universal Access. Progress Report 2011 2011, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
2. Engsig FN, Hansen ABE, Gerstoft J, Kronborg G, Larsen CS, Obel N. Inpatient admissions and outpatient visits in persons with and without HIV infection in Denmark, 1995-2007. Aids 2010, 24:457-461. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328332828d, 19786845.
3. Crum-Cianflone NF, Grandits G, Echols S, Ganesan A, Landrum M, Weintrob A, Barthel R, Agan B, Program IDCR. Trends and causes of hospitalizations among HIV-infected persons during the late HAART era: what is the impact of CD4 counts and HAART use?. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010, 54:248-257. 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181c8ef22, 20658748.
4. Narasimhan M, Posner AJ, DePalo VA, Mayo PH, Rosen MJ. Intensive care in patients with HIV infection in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Chest 2004, 125:1800-1804. 10.1378/chest.125.5.1800, 15136393.
5. Barbier F, Coquet I, Legriel S, Pavie J, Darmon M, Mayaux J, Molina JM, Schlemmer B, Azoulay E. Etiologies and outcome of acute respiratory failure in HIV-infected patients. Intensive Care Med 2009, 35:1678-1686. 10.1007/s00134-009-1559-4, 19575179.
6. Tan DH, Walmsley SL. Management of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Crit Care Clin 2013, 29:603-620. 10.1016/j.ccc.2013.03.010, 23830655.
7. Akgun KM, Gordon K, Pisani M, Fried T, McGinnis KA, Tate JP, Butt AA, Gibert CL, Huang L, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Rimland D, Justice AC, Crothers K. Risk factors for hospitalization and medical intensive care unit (MICU) admission among HIV-infected Veterans. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013, 62:52-59. 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318278f3fa, 23111572.
8. Casalino E, Wolff M, Ravaud P, Choquet C, Bruneel F, Regnier B. Impact of HAART advent on admission patterns and survival in HIV-infected patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Aids 2004, 18:1429-1433. 10.1097/01.aids.0000131301.55204.a7, 15199319.
9. Akgun KM, Huang L, Morris A, Justice AC, Pisani M, Crothers K. Critical illness in HIV-infected patients in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2011, 8:301-307. 10.1513/pats.201009-060WR, 21653532.
10. Akgun KM, Pisani M, Crothers K. The changing epidemiology of HIV-infected patients in the intensive care unit. J Intensive Care Med 2011, 26:151-164. 10.1177/0885066610387996, 21436170.
11. Chiang HH, Hung CC, Lee CM, Chen HY, Chen MY, Sheng WH, Hsieh SM, Sun HY, Ho CC, Yu CJ. Admissions to intensive care unit of HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: etiology and prognostic factors. Crit Care 2011, 15:R202. 10.1186/cc10419, 21871086.
12. Amancio FF, Lambertucci JR, Cota GF, Antunes CM. Predictors of the short- and long-term survival of HIV-infected patients admitted to a Brazilian intensive care unit. Int J STD AIDS 2012, 23:692-697. 10.1258/ijsa.2012.011389, 23104742.
13. Casalino E, Mendoza-Sassi G, Wolff M, Bedos JP, Gaudebout C, Regnier B, Vachon F. Predictors of short- and long-term survival in HIV-infected patients admitted to the ICU. Chest 1998, 113:421-429. 10.1378/chest.113.2.421, 9498962.
14. Vincent B, Timsit JF, Auburtin M, Schortgen F, Bouadma L, Wolff M, Regnier B. Characteristics and outcomes of HIV-infected patients in the ICU: impact of the highly active antiretroviral treatment era. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:859-866. 10.1007/s00134-004-2158-z, 14767592.
15. Coquet I, Pavie J, Palmer P, Barbier F, Legriel S, Mayaux J, Molina JM, Schlemmer B, Azoulay E. Survival trends in critically ill HIV-infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era. Crit Care 2010, 14:3. 10.1186/cc9056.
16. Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet Infect Dis 2005, 5:558-567. 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70216-4, 16122679.
17. Seeff LB. The history of the " natural history" of hepatitis C (1968-2009). Liver Int 2009, 29:89-99. 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01927.x, 19207971.
18. McDonald SA, Hutchinson SJ, Mills PR, Bird SM, Cameron S, Dillon JF, Goldberg DJ. The influence of hepatitis C and alcohol on liver-related morbidity and mortality in Glasgow's injecting drug user population. J Viral Hepat 2011, 18:e126-e133. 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01380.x, 20964793.
19. Berenguer J, Alejos B, Hernando V, Viciana P, Salavert M, Santos I, Gomez-Sirvent JL, Vidal F, Portilla J, Del Amo J. Trends in mortality according to hepatitis C virus serostatus in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Aids 2012, 26:2241-2246. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283574e94, 22781223.
20. Gonzalez-Garcia JJ, Mahillo B, Hernandez S, Pacheco R, Diz S, Garcia P, Esteban H, Arribas JR, Quereda C, Rubio R, Díez J, Moreno S, Vázquez-Rodríguez JJ. Prevalences of hepatitis virus coinfection and indications for chronic hepatitis C virus treatment and liver transplantation in Spanish HIV-infected patients: The GESIDA 29/02 and FIPSE 12185/01 Multicenter Study. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 2005, 23:340-348. 10.1157/13076173, 15970166.
21. Kim AY, Chung RT. Coinfection with HIV-1 and HCV: a one-two punch. Gastroenterology 2009, 137:795-814. 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.06.040, 19549523.
22. Lopez-Dieguez M, Montes ML, Pascual-Pareja JF, Quereda C, Von Wichmann MA, Berenguer J, Tural C, Hernando A, Gonzalez-Garcia J, Serrano L, Arribas JR. The natural history of liver cirrhosis in HIV-hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients. Aids 2011, 25:899-904. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283454174, 21330908.
23. Soriano V, Vispo E, Fernandez-Montero JV, Labarga P, Barreiro P. Update on HIV/HCV coinfection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2013, 10:226-234. 10.1007/s11904-013-0169-5, 23832718.
24. Bruce N, Pope D, Stanistreet D. Case-control studies. Quantitative Methods for Health Research: A Practical Interactive Guide to Epidemiology and Statistics 2008, 257-305. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, London, 10.1002/9780470725337.ch6.
25. Ury HK. Efficiency of case-control studies with multiple controls per case: continuous or dichotomous data. Biometrics 1975, 31:643-649. 10.2307/2529548, 1100136.
26. Taylor JM. Choosing the number of controls in a matched case-control study: some sample size, power and efficiency considerations. Stat Med 1986, 5:29-36. 10.1002/sim.4780050106, 3961313.
27. Gail MH. Frequency matching. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics 2005, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Hoboken, NJ, Armitage P, Colton T, 2.
28. Instituto Nacional de Salud. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. [ http://www.ingesa.msc.es/estadEstudios/documPublica/CMBD-2001.htm ] Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos Hospitales de Insalud 2001., http://www.ingesa.msc.es/estadEstudios/documPublica/CMBD-2001.htm
29. The Web's Free 2014 Medical Coding Reference. 2010 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes. Available from: http://www.icd9data.com/2007/Volume1/140-239/default.htm, http://www.icd9data.com/2007/Volume1/140-239/default.htm
30. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001, 29:1303-1310. 10.1097/00003246-200107000-00002, 11445675.
31. Kneib T, Hennerfeind A. Bayesian semi parametric multi-state models. Stat Model 2008, 8:169-198. 10.1177/1471082X0800800203.
32. Gelfand AE, Smith AFM. Sampling-based approaches to calculating marginal densities. J Am Stat Assoc 1990, 85:398-409. 10.1080/01621459.1990.10476213.
33. Andersen PK, Geskus RB, de Witte T, Putter H. Competing risks in epidemiology: possibilities and pitfalls. Int J Epidemiol 2012, 41:861-870. 10.1093/ije/dyr213, 22253319.
34. R version 3.0.2. Available from: http://www.r-project.org/, http://www.r-project.org/
35. Bayesian Inference in Structured Additive Regression Models. Version 2.1. Available from: http://www.stat.uni-muenchen.de/~bayesx/bayesx.html, http://www.stat.uni-muenchen.de/~bayesx/bayesx.html
36. Davaro RE, Thirumalai A. Life-threatening complications of HIV infection. J Intensive Care Med 2007, 22:73-81. 10.1177/0885066606297964, 17456727.
37. Croda J, Croda MG, Neves A, de Sousa dos Santos S. Benefit of antiretroviral therapy on survival of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2009, 37:1605-1611. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819da8c7, 19325488.
38. Huang L, Quartin A, Jones D, Havlir DV. Intensive care of patients with HIV infection. N Engl J Med 2006, 355:173-181. 10.1056/NEJMra050836, 16837681.
39. Morris A, Creasman J, Turner J, Luce JM, Wachter RM, Huang L. Intensive care of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002, 166:262-267. 10.1164/rccm.2111025, 12153955.
40. Akgun KM, Tate JP, Pisani M, Fried T, Butt AA, Gibert CL, Huang L, Rodriguez-Barradas MC, Rimland D, Justice AC, Crothers K. Medical ICU admission diagnoses and outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and virus-uninfected veterans in the combination antiretroviral era. Crit Care Med 2013, 41:1458-1467. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31827caa46, 23507717.
41. Silva JM, dos Santos SS. Sepsis in AIDS patients: clinical, etiological and inflammatory characteristics. J Int AIDS Soc 2013, 16:17344. 10.7448/IAS.16.1.17344, 23374857.
42. Macias J, Berenguer J, Japon MA, Giron JA, Rivero A, Lopez-Cortes LF, Moreno A, Gonzalez-Serrano M, Iribarren JA, Ortega E, Miralles P, Mira JA, Pineda JA. Fast fibrosis progression between repeated liver biopsies in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2009, 50:1056-1063. 10.1002/hep.23136, 19670415.
43. Lo Re V, Kostman JR, Amorosa VK. Management complexities of HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection in the twenty-first century. Clin Liver Dis 2008, 12:587-609. ix, 10.1016/j.cld.2008.03.009, 18625430.
44. Gustot T, Durand F, Lebrec D, Vincent JL, Moreau R. Severe sepsis in cirrhosis. Hepatology 2009, 50:2022-2033. 10.1002/hep.23264, 19885876.
45. Laleman W, Verbeke L, Meersseman P, Wauters J, van Pelt J, Cassiman D, Wilmer A, Verslype C, Nevens F. Acute-on-chronic liver failure: current concepts on definition, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and potential therapeutic interventions. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011, 5:523-537. Quiz, 537, 10.1586/egh.11.47, 21780899.
46. Moreau R, Hadengue A, Soupison T, Kirstetter P, Mamzer MF, Vanjak D, Vauquelin P, Assous M, Sicot C. Septic shock in patients with cirrhosis: hemodynamic and metabolic characteristics and intensive care unit outcome. Crit Care Med 1992, 20:746-750. 10.1097/00003246-199206000-00008, 1597026.
47. Japiassu AM, Amancio RT, Mesquita EC, Medeiros DM, Bernal HB, Nunes EP, Luz PM, Grinsztejn B, Bozza FA. Sepsis is a major determinant of outcome in critically ill HIV/AIDS patients. Crit Care 2010, 14:R152. 10.1186/cc9221, 20698966.
48. Greenberg JA, Lennox JL, Martin GS. Outcomes for critically ill patients with HIV and severe sepsis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Crit Care 2012, 27:51-57. 10.1016/j.jcrc.2011.08.015, 22033058.
49. Powell K, Davis JL, Morris AM, Chi A, Bensley MR, Huang L. Survival for patients with HIV admitted to the ICU continues to improve in the current era of combination antiretroviral therapy. Chest 2009, 135:11-17. 10.1378/chest.08-0980, 18719058.
50. Nickas G, Wachter RM. Outcomes of intensive care for patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Intern Med 2000, 160:541-547. 10.1001/archinte.160.4.541, 10695695.
51. Afessa B, Green B. Clinical course, prognostic factors, and outcome prediction for HIV patients in the ICU: The PIP (pulmonary complications, ICU support, and prognostic factors in hospitalized patients with HIV) study. Chest 2000, 118:138-145. 10.1378/chest.118.1.138, 10893371.
52. Alves C, Nicolas JM, Miro JM, Torres A, Agusti C, Gonzalez J, Rano A, Benito N, Moreno A, Garcia F, Millá J, Gatell JM. Reappraisal of the aetiology and prognostic factors of severe acute respiratory failure in HIV patients. Eur Respir J 2001, 17:87-93. 10.1183/09031936.01.17100870, 11307762.
53. Vargas-Infante YA, Guerrero ML, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Soto-Ramirez LE, Del Rio C, Carranza J, Dominguez-Cherit G, Sierra-Madero JG. Improving outcome of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in a Mexican intensive care unit. Arch Med Res 2007, 38:827-833. 10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.05.007, 17923262.
54. Morris A, Wachter RM, Luce J, Turner J, Huang L. Improved survival with highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients with severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Aids 2003, 17:73-80. 10.1097/00002030-200301030-00010, 12478071.
55. Miller RF, Allen E, Copas A, Singer M, Edwards SG. Improved survival for HIV infected patients with severe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is independent of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Thorax 2006, 61:716-721. 10.1136/thx.2005.055905, 16601092.
56. Dickson SJ, Batson S, Copas AJ, Edwards SG, Singer M, Miller RF. Survival of HIV-infected patients in the intensive care unit in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Thorax 2007, 62:964-968. 10.1136/thx.2006.072256, 17517829.
57. Khouli H, Afrasiabi A, Shibli M, Hajal R, Barrett CR, Homel P. Outcome of critically ill human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Intensive Care Med 2005, 20:327-333. 10.1177/0885066605281087, 16280405.
58. van Lelyveld SF, Wind CM, Mudrikova T, van Leeuwen HJ, de Lange DW, Hoepelman AI. Short- and long-term outcome of HIV-infected patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2011, 30:1085-1093. 10.1007/s10096-011-1196-z, 21331480.
59. Morquin D, Le Moing V, Mura T, Makinson A, Klouche K, Jonquet O, Reynes J, Corne P. Short- and long-term outcomes of HIV-infected patients admitted to the intensive care unit: impact of antiretroviral therapy and immunovirological status. Ann Intensive Care 2012, 2:25. 10.1186/2110-5820-2-25, 22762133.
60. Ho AM, Dion PW, Ng CS, Karmakar MK. Understanding immortal time bias in observational cohort studies. Anaesthesia 2013, 68:126-130. 10.1111/anae.12120, 23298346.
61. Levesque LE, Hanley JA, Kezouh A, Suissa S. Problem of immortal time bias in cohort studies: example using statins for preventing progression of diabetes. BMJ 2010, 340:b5087. 10.1136/bmj.b5087, 20228141.
62. Shen HN, Lu CL, Yang HH. Epidemiologic trend of severe sepsis in Taiwan from 1997 through 2006. Chest 2010, 138:298-304. 10.1378/chest.09-2205, 20363844.
63. Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:1546-1554. 10.1056/NEJMoa022139, 12700374.