Large carnivores make savanna tree communities less thorny

Science

Volumn 346, Issue 6207, 2014, Pages 346-349

  Ford, Adam T ^a,b   Goheen, Jacob R ^b,c   Otieno, Tobias O ^b   Bidner, Laura ^b,d   Isbell, Lynne A ^b,d   Palmer, Todd M ^b,e   Ward, David ^f   Woodroffe, Rosie ^b,g   Pringle, Robert M ^b,h  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b MPALA RESEARCH CENTRE   (Kenya)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^g INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^h PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; ANTIHERBIVORE DEFENSE; AVOIDANCE REACTION; CANID; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; DICOTYLEDON; FELID; GPS; PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTION; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; PREDATION RISK; SAVANNA; TELEMETRY; UNGULATE;

ACACIA; ACACIA BREVISPICA; ACACIA ETBAICA; AFRICA; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ARTICLE; CARNIVORE; DOG; FIELD EXPERIMENT; GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; HERBIVORE; IMPALA; LEOPARD; NONHUMAN; PLANT COMMUNITY; PLANT DEFENSE; PLANT HERBIVORE INTERACTION; PREDATION RISK; SAVANNA; TELEMETRY; TREE; TROPHIC CASCADE; WILD ANIMAL; ANIMAL; ANTELOPE; CANIDAE; FOOD CHAIN; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM; HERBIVORY; PANTHERA; PREDATION;

AFRICA;

ACACIA; ACACIA BREVISPICA; ACACIA ETBAICA; AEPYCEROS MELAMPUS; CANIS FAMILIARIS;

ACACIA; ANIMALS; ANTELOPES; CANIDAE; FOOD CHAIN; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; HERBIVORY; PANTHERA; PREDATORY BEHAVIOR; TREES;

EID: 84908086201     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1252753     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. N. G. Hairston, F. E. Smith, L. B. Slobodkin, Am. Nat. 94, 421 (1960).
2. J. A. Estes et al., Science 333, 301-306 (2011).
3. E. L. Preisser, D. I. Bolnick, M. F. Benard, Ecology 86, 501-509 (2005).
4. W. W. Murdoch, Am. Nat. 100, 219 (1966).
5. S. L. Pimm, The Balance of Nature?: Ecological Issues in the Conservation of Species and Communities (Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1991).
6. O. J. Schmitz, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91, 5364-5367 (1994).
7. K. A. Mooney, R. Halitschke, A. Kessler, A. A. Agrawal, Science 327, 1642-1644 (2010).
8. O. J. Schmitz, Resolving Ecosystem Complexity, vol. 47 of Monographs in Population Biology, S. A. Levin, H. S. Horn, Eds. (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 2010).
9. D. J. Augustine, Afr. J. Ecol. 48, 1009-1020 (2010).
10. R. Underwood, Behaviour 79, 81-107 1982).
11. M. Thaker et al., Ecology 92, 398-407 (2011).
12. T. P. Young, N. Patridge, A. Macrae, Ecol. Appl. 5, 97 (1995).
13. D. J. Augustine, J. Wildl. Manage. 68, 916-923 (2004).
14. J. R. Goheen et al., PLOS ONE 8, e55192 (2013).
15. J. L. Orrock, R. D. Holt, M. L. Baskett, Ecol. Lett. 13, 11-20 (2010).
16. K. E. Veblen, J. Arid Environ. 78, 119-127 (2012).
17. J. Berger, J. E. Swenson, I.-L. Persson, Science 291, 1036-1039 (2001).
18. W. J. Ripple et al., Science 343, 1241484 (2014).