Effect of energy drink and caffeinated beverage consumption on sleep, mood, and performance in children and adolescents

Nutrition Reviews

Volumn 72, Issue S1, 2014, Pages 65-71

  Owens, Judith A ^a   Mindell, Jodi ^b   Baylor, Allison ^a  

^a CHILDREN'S NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b SAINT JOSEPH S UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Decision making; Energy drinks; Mood; Performance; Sleep

Indexed keywords

CAFFEINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT; PERFORMANCE ENHANCING SUBSTANCE;

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; BEVERAGE; CHILD NUTRITION; ENERGY DRINK; HUMAN; JUVENILE; KNOWLEDGE; MOOD; PERFORMANCE; SLEEP; ADOLESCENT; AFFECT; CHILD; DRUG EFFECTS;

ADOLESCENT; AFFECT; CAFFEINE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; CHILD; ENERGY DRINKS; HUMANS; PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING SUBSTANCES; SLEEP;

EID: 84907848849     PISSN: 00296643     EISSN: 17534887     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/nure.12150     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Anderson TD. American Academy of Pediatrics: soft drinks in schools. Pediatrics. 2004;113:152-154.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics. Kids should not consume energy drinks, and rarely need sports energy drinks, says AAP. Available at: http://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/Pages/Kids-Should-Not-Consume-Energy-Drinks, -and-Rarely-Need-Sports-Drinks, -Says-AAP.aspx. Published May 30, 2011. Accessed May 3, 2014.
3. Center for Science in the Public Interest. Caffeine content of food and drugs.Available at: http://www.cspinet.org/new/cafchart.htm. Published December 2012. Accessed June 9, 2014.
4. Han E, Powell LM. Consumption patterns of sugar-sweetened beverages in the United States. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013;113:43-53.
5. National Sleep Foundation. National Sleep Foundation: Sleep in America Poll, 2004. Sleep and Children. Washington, DC: National Sleep Foundation; 2004.
6. National Sleep Foundation. National Sleep Foundation: Sleep in America Poll, 2006. Sleepy Teens. Washington, DC: National Sleep Fondation; 2006.
7. O'Dea JA. Consumption of nutritional supplements among adolescents: usage and perceived benefits. Health Educ Res. 2003;18:98-107.
8. Temple JL. Caffeine use in children: what we know, what we have left to learn, and why we should worry. Neurosci Biobehav. 2009;33:793-806.
9. Bernstein GA, Carroll ME, Thuras PD, etal. Caffeine dependence in teenagers. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002;66:1-6.
10. Whalen DJ, Silk JS, Semel M, etal. Caffeine consumption, sleep, and affect in the natural environments of depressed youth and healthy controls. J Pediatr Psychol. 2008;33:358-367.
11. Bryant Ludden A, Wolfson AR. Understanding adolescent caffeine use: connecting use patterns with expectancies, reasons, and sleep. Health Educ Behav. 2010;37:330-342.
12. Gallimberti L, Buja A, Chindamo S, etal. Energy drink consumption in children and early adolescents. Eur J Pediatr. 2013;172:1-6.
13. Aluqmany R, Mansoor R, Saad U, etal. Consumption of energy drinks among female secondary school students. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2013;8:60-65.
14. Reissig CJ, Strain EC, Griffiths RR. Caffeinated energy drinks - a growing problem. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009;99:1-10.
15. Bunting HA, Baggett GJ. Adolescent and young adult perceptions of caffeinated energy drinks. A qualitative approach. Appetite. 2013;65:132-138.
16. Gunja N, Brown JA. Energy drinks: health risks and toxicity. Med J Aust. 2012;196:46-49.
17. Karacan I, Thornby JI, Anch M, etal. Dose-related sleep disturbances induced by coffee and caffeine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1976;20:682-689.
18. Shilo L, Sabbah H, Hadari R, etal. The effects of coffee consumption on sleep and melatonin secretion. Sleep Med. 2002;3:271-273.
19. Landolt HP, Retey JV, Tonz K, etal. Caffeine attenuates waking and sleep electroencephalographic markers of sleep homeostasis in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29:1933-1939.
20. Roehrs T, Roth T. Caffeine: sleep and daytime sleepiness. Sleep Med Rev. 2008;12:153-162.
21. Orbeta RL, Overpeck MD, Ramcharran D, etal. High caffeine intake in adolescents: associations with difficulty sleeping and feeling tired in the morning. J Adolesc Health. 2006;38:451-453.
22. Gromov I, Gromov D. Sleep and substance use and abuse in adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2009;18:929-946.
23. Pollak CP, Bright D. Caffeine consumption and weekly sleep patterns in US seventh-, eighth-, and ninth-graders. Pediatrics. 2003;111:42-46.
24. Drescher AA, Goodwin JL, Silva GE, etal. Caffeine and screen time in adolescence: associations with short sleep and obesity. J Clin Sleep Med. 2011;7:337-342.
25. Warzak WJ, Evans S, Floress MT, etal. Caffeine consumption in young children. J Pediatrics. 2011;158:508-509.
26. Yilmaz K, Kilincaslan A, Aydin N, etal. Understanding sleep habits and associated factors can help to improve sleep in high school adolescents. Turk J Pediatr. 2011;53:430-446.
27. Calamaro CJ, Yang K, Ratcliffe S, etal. Wired at a young age: the effect of caffeine and technology on sleep duration and body mass index in school-aged children. J Pediatr Health Care. 2012;26:276-282.
28. Mindell JA, Meltzer LJ, Carskadon MA, etal. Developmental aspects of sleep hygiene: findings from the 2004 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll. Sleep Med. 2009;10:771-779.
29. Fischer FM, Nagai R, Teixeira LR. Explaining sleep duration in adolescents: the impact of socio-demographic and lifestyle factors and working status. Chronobiol Int. 2008;25:359-372.
30. Daniello A, Fievisohn E, Gregory TS. Modeling the effects of caffeine on the sleep/wake cycle. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2012;48:73-80.
31. Quach J, Hiscock H, Wake M. Sleep problems and mental health in primary school new entrants: cross-sectional community-based study. J Paediatr Child Health. 2012;48:1076-1081.
32. Rapoport JL, Berg CJ, Ismond DR, etal. Behavioral effects of caffeine in children: relationship between dietary choice and effects of caffeine challenge. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984;41:1073-1079.
33. Lee KA, McEnany G, Weekes D. Gender differences in sleep patterns for early adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 1999;24:16-20.
34. Engle PL, VasDias T, Howard I, etal. Effects of discontinuing coffee intake on iron deficient Guatemalan toddlers' cognitive development and sleep. Early Hum Dev. 1999;53:251-269.
35. Martin CA, Cook C, Woodring JH, etal. Caffeine use: association with nicotine use, aggression, and other psychopathology in psychiatric and pediatric outpatient adolescents. ScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:512-516.
36. Jaehne A, Loessl B, Bárkai Z, etal. Effects of nicotine on sleep during consumption, withdrawal and replacement therapy. Sleep Med Rev. 2009;13:363-377.
37. Einother SJ, Giesbrecht T. Caffeine as an attention enhancer: reviewing existing assumptions. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2013;225:251-274.
38. Alford C, Cox H, Wescott R. The effects of Red Bull Energy Drink on human performance and mood. Amino Acids. 2001;21:139-150.
39. Bichler A, Swenson A, Harris MA. A combination of caffeine and taurine has no effect on short term memory but induces changes in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. Amino Acids. 2006;31:471-476.
40. Bernstein GA, Carroll ME, Crosby RD. Caffeine effects on learning, performance, and anxiety in normal school-age children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1994;33:407-415.
41. Biggs SN, Smith A, Dorrian A, etal. Perception of simulated driving performance after sleep restriction and caffeine. J Psychosom Res. 2007;63:573-577.
42. Elkins RN, Rapoport JL, Zahn TP, etal. Acute effects of caffeine in normal prepubertal boys. Am J Psychiatry. 1981;138:178-183.
43. Bernstein GA, Carroll ME, Dean NW, etal. Caffeine withdrawal in normal school-age children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998;37:858-865.
44. James JE, Rogers PJ. Effects of caffeine on performance and mood: withdrawal reversal is the most plausible explanation. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005;182:1-8.
45. Juliano LM, Griffiths RR. A critical review of caffeine withdrawal: empirical validation of symptoms and signs, incidence, severity, and associated features. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004;176:1-29.
46. Silverman K, Evans SM, Strain EC, etal. Withdrawal syndrome after the double-blind cessation of caffeine consumption. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:1109-1114.
47. Heatherley SV, Hancock KM, Rogers PJ. Psychostimulant and other effects of caffeine in 9- to 11-year-old children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006;47:135-142.
48. Huang YS, Wang CH, Guilleminault C. An epidemiologic study of sleep problems among adolescents in North Taiwan. Sleep Med. 2010;11:1035-1042.
49. James JE, Kristjansson AL, Sigfusdottir ID. Adolescent substance use, sleep, and academic achievement: evidence of harm due to caffeine. J Adolesc. 2011;34:665-673.
50. Dawkins L, Shahzad FZ, Ahmed SS, etal. Expectation of having consumed caffeine can improve performance and mood. Appetite. 2011;57:597-600.
51. Haskell CF, Kennedy DO, Wesnes KA, etal. Cognitive and mood improvements of caffeine in habitual consumers and habitual non-consumers of caffeine. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005;179:813-825.
52. Childs E, de Wit H. Subjective, behavioral, and physiological effects of acute caffeine in light, nondependent caffeine users. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006;185:514-523.
53. Keane MA, James JE. Effects of dietary caffeine on EEG, performance and mood when rested and sleep restricted. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2008;23:669-680.
54. Smit HJ, Cotton JR, Hughes SC, etal. Mood and cognitive performance effects of "energy" drink constituents: caffeine, glucose and carbonation. Nutr Neurosci. 2004;7:127-139.
55. Trapp GS, Allen K, O'Sullivan TA, etal. Energy drink consumption is associated with anxiety in Australian young adult males. Depress Anxiety. 2014;31:420-q 428.
56. Benko CR, Farias AC, Farias LG, etal. Potential link between caffeine consumption and pediatric depression: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2011;11:73. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-11-73.
57. Goldstein A, Wallace ME. Caffeine dependence in schoolchildren? Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1997;5:388-392.
58. Pomeranz JL, Munsell CR, Harris JL. Energy drinks: an emerging public health hazard for youth. J Public Health Policy. 2013;34:254-271.