Monitoring lead in hair of children and adolescents of Alcalá de Henares, Spain. A study by gender and residential areas

Environment International

Volumn 72, Issue , 2014, Pages 170-175

  Pena Fernandez A ^a   Lobo Bedmar, M C ^b   Gonzalez Munoz M J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ   (Spain)

^b Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural Agrario y Alimentario IMIDRA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Age and gender; Children and adolescents; Human hair; Lead; Monitoring

Indexed keywords

LEAD; MONITORING;

ADULT POPULATIONS; AGE AND GENDER; CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANT; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION; HUMAN HAIR; RESIDENTIAL AREAS; SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS;

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING;

LEAD;

ADOLESCENCE; BIOMARKER; BIOMONITORING; CHILD HEALTH; GENDER DISPARITY; HAIR; LEAD; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS; TOXIC MATERIAL;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; CHILD; FEMALE; HAIR ANALYSIS; HAIR LEVEL; HUMAN; MALE; POLLUTION MONITORING; SCALP HAIR; SEX DIFFERENCE; SPAIN; URBAN AREA; AGE; AGE AND GENDER; CHEMISTRY; CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS; DEMOGRAPHY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; HAIR; HUMAN HAIR; MONITORING; POLLUTANT;

ALCALA DE HENARES; MADRID [SPAIN]; SPAIN;

AGE AND GENDER; CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS; HUMAN HAIR; LEAD; MONITORING;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; CHILD; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; HAIR; HUMANS; LEAD; MALE; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; SEX FACTORS; SPAIN;

EID: 84907618485     PISSN: 01604120     EISSN: 18736750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.03.010     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Al-Saleh I., Nester M., DeVol E., Shinwari N., Al-Shahria S. Determinants of blood lead levels in Saudi Arabian schoolgirls. Int J Occup Environ Health 1999, 5(2):107-114.
2. Barbosa F., Tanus-Santos J.E., Geriach R.F., Parsons P.J. A critical review of biomarkers used for monitoring human exposure to lead: advantages, limitations, and future needs. Environ Health Perspect 2005, 113:1669-1674.
3. Batista J.M., Schuhmacher M., Domingo J.L., Corbella J. Mercury in hair for a child population from Tarragona Province, Spain. Sci Total Environ 1996, 193:143-148.
4. Bellinger D.C., Needleman H.L. Intellectual impairment and blood lead levels. N Engl J Med 2003, 349(5):500-502.
5. Bencko V. Use of human hair as a biomarker in the assessment of exposure to pollutants on occupational and environmental settings. Toxicol 1995, 101:29-39.
6. Bencze K. What contribution can be made to biological monitoring by hair analysis? Part 1. Fresenius J Anal Chem 1990, 337:867-876.
7. Beneš B., Sladká J., Spěváčková V., Šmíd J. Determination of normal concentration levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se and Zn in hair of the child population in the Czech Republic. Cent Eur J Public Health 2003, 11(4):184-186.
8. Bozkus I., Germec-Cakan D., Arun T. Evaluation of metal concentrations in hair and nail after orthognathic surgery. J Craniofac Surg 2011, 22(1):68-72.
9. Cuadrado C., Kumpulainen J., Moreiras O. Lead, cadmium and mercury contents in average Spanish market basket diets from Galicia, Valencia, Andalucia and Madrid. Food Addit Contam 2005, 12:107-118.
10. de Freitas C.U., de Capitani E.M., Gouveia N., Simonetti M.H., de Paula e Silva M.R., Kira C.S., et al. Lead exposure in an urban community: investigation of risk factors and assessment of the impact of lead abatement measures. Environ Res 2007, 103:338-344.
11. Dongarrà G., Varrica D., Tamburo E., D'Andrea D. Trace elements in scalp hair of children living in differing environmental contexts in Sicily (Italy). Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2012, 34:160-169.
12. Dunicz-Sokolowska A., Radomska K., Długaszek M., Graczyk A. Contents of bioelements and toxic metals in the Polish population determined by hair analysis. Part 1. Children aged 1 to 10years. Magnes Res 2006, 19(1):35-45.
13. Evrenoglou L., Partsinevelou S.A., Stamatis P., Lazaris A., Patsouris E., Kotampasi C., et al. Children exposure to trace levels of heavy metals at the north zone of Kifissos River. Sci Total Environ 2013, 443:650-661.
14. Fakour H., Esmaili-Sari A., Zayeri F. Scalp hair and saliva as biomarkers in determination of mercury levels in Iranian women: amalgam as a determinant of exposure. J Hazard Mater 2010, 177:109-113.
15. Ferré-Huguet N., Nadal M., Schuhmacher M., Domingo J.L. Monitoring metals in blood and hair of the population living near a hazardous waste incinerator: temporal trend. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009, 128(3):191-199.
16. Fitzgerald E.F., Schell L.M., Marshall E.G., Carpenter D.O., Suk W.A., Zejda J.E. Environmental pollution and child health in central and eastern Europe. Environ Health Perspect 1998, 106(6):307-311.
17. Furman A., Laleli M. Semi-occupational exposure to lead: a case study of child and adolescent street vendors in Istanbul. Environ Res 2000, 83(1):41-45.
18. Gil F., Hernández A.F., Márquez C., Femia P., Olmedo P., López-Guarnido O., et al. Biomonitorization of cadmium, chromium, manganese, nickel and lead in whole blood, urine, axillary hair and saliva in an occupationally exposed population. Sci Total Environ 2011, 409:1172-1180.
19. González-Muñoz M.J., Peña A., Meseguer I. Monitoring heavy metal contents in food and hair in a sample of young Spanish subjects. Food Chem Toxicol 2008, 46:3048-3052.
20. Granero S., Llobet J.M., Schuhmacher M., Corbella J., Domingo J.L. Biological monitoring of environmental pollution and human exposure to metals in Tarragona, Spain. I. Levels in hair of school children. Trace Elem Electrolytes 1998, 15(1):39-43.
21. Gundacker C., Wittmann K.J., Kukuckova M., Komarnicki G., Hikkel I., Gencik M. Genetic background of lead and mercury metabolism in a group of medical students in Austria. Environ Res 2009, 109(6):786-796.
22. Hinwood A.L., Sim M.R., Jolley D., de Klerk N., Bastone E.B., Gerostamoulos J., et al. Hair and toenail arsenic concentrations of residents living in areas with high environmental arsenic concentrations. Environ Health Perspect 2003, 111(2):187-193.
23. Kim Y., Kim B.N., Hong Y.C., Shin M.S., Yoo H.J., Kim J.W., et al. Co-exposure to environmental lead and manganese affects the intelligence of school-aged children. Neurotoxicology 2009, 30(4):564-571.
24. Kordas K., Queirolo E.I., Ettinger A., Wright R.O., Stoltzfus R.J. Prevalence and predictors of exposure to multiple metals in preschool children from Montevideo, Uruguay. Sci Total Environ 2010, 408(20):4488-4494.
25. Kozielec T., Pózniak J., Sałacka A., Hornowska I., Kotkowiak L. Hair copper concentration in healthy children, teenagers, and adults living in Szczecin, Poland. Biol Trace Elem Res 2003, 93:47-53.
26. Lech T. Lead, copper, zinc, and magnesium content in hair of children and young people with some neurological diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res 2002, 85:111-126.
27. Ljung K., Oomen A., Duits M., Selinus O., Berglund M. Bioaccessibility of metals in urban playground soils. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2007, 42(9):1241-1250.
28. Madrid F., Biasioli M., Ajmone-Marsan F. Availability and bioaccessibility of metals in fine particles of some urban soils. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2008, 55(1):21-32.
29. Marlowe M., Errera J., Ballowe T., Jacobs J. Low metal levels in emotionally disturbed children. J Abnorm Psychol 1983, 92(3):386-389.
30. Martí-Cid R., Bocio A., Llobet J.M., Domingo J.L. Intake of chemical through fish and seafood consumption by children of Catalonia, Spain: health risks. Food Chem Toxicol 2007, 45(10):1968-1974.
31. Nadal M., Bocio A., Schuhmacher M., Domingo J.L. Monitoring metals in the population living in the vicinity of a hazardous waste incinerator. Levels in hair of school children. Biol Trace Elem Res 2005, 104:203-213.
32. Ohno T., Sakamoto M., Kurosawa T., Dakeishi M., Iwata T., Murata K. Total mercury levels in hair, toenail, and urine among women free from occupational exposure and their relations to renal tubular function. Environ Res 2007, 103:191-197.
33. Özden T.A., Gökçay G., Ertem H.V., Süoğlu ÖD., Kiliç A., Sökücü S., et al. Elevated hair levels of cadmium and lead in school children exposed to smoking and in highways near schools. Clin Biochem 2007, 40:52-56.
34. Pastorelli A.A., Baldini M., Stacchini P., Baldini G., Morelli S., Sagratella E., et al. Human exposure to lead, cadmium and mercury through fish and seafood product consumption in Italy: a pilot evaluation. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2012, 29(12):1913-1921.
35. Peña-Fernández A. Presencia y distribución medioambiental de metales pesados y metaloides en Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. Evaluación del riesgo para la población y biomonitorización de la población escolar 2011, PhD Thesis, University of Alcalá, [Available at: http://dspace.uah.es/dspace/handle/10017/9510].
36. Perrone L., Moro R., Caroli M., di Toro R., Gialanella G. Trace elements in hair of healthy children sampled by age and sex. Biol Trace Elem Res 1996, 51:71-76.
37. Petering H.G., Yeager D.W., Witherup S.O. Zn and Cu content of human hair in relation to age and sex. Arch Environ Health 1971, 23:202-209.
38. R.D De 24 de marzo, por el que se prohíbe la comercialización de gasolinas con plomo 403/2000, [BOE no 88, de 12 de abril de 2000].
39. Revich B.A. Lead in hair and urine of children and adults from industrialized areas. Arch Environ Health 1994, 49:59-62.
40. Rodushkin I., Axelsson M.D. Application of double focusing sector field ICP-MS for multielemental characterization of human hair and nails. Part II. A study of the inhabitants of northern Sweden. Sci Total Environ 2000, 262:21-36.
41. Sanna E., Liguori A., Palmas L., Soro M.R., Floris G. Blood and hair lead levels in boys and girls living in two Sardinian towns at different risks of lead pollution. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2003, 55:293-299.
42. Sanna E., Floris G., Vallascas E. Town and gender effects on hair lead levels in children from three Sardinian towns (Italy) with different environmental backgrounds. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008, 124(1):52-59.
43. Schlegel-Zawadska M. Chromium content in the hair of children and student in southern Poland. Biol Trace Elem Res 1992, 32:79-83.
44. Schuhmacher M., Domingo J.L., Llobet J.M., Corbella J. Lead in children's hair, as related to exposure in Tarragona Province, Spain. Sci Total Environ 1991, 104:167-173.
45. Schuhmacher M., Bellés M., Rico A., Domingo J.L., Corbella J. Impact of reduction of lead in gasoline on the blood and hair lead levels in the population of Tarragona Province, Spain, 1990-1995. Sci Total Environ 1996, 184:203-209.
46. Seifert B., Becker K., Helm D., Krause C., Schulz C., Seiwert M. The German Environmental Survey 1990/1992 (GerEs II): reference concentrations of selected environmental pollutants in blood, urine, hair, house dust, drinking water and indoor air. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2000, 10:552-565.
47. Shah F., Kazi T.G., Afridi H.I., Kazi N., Baig J.A., Shah A.Q., et al. Evaluation of status of trace and toxic metal in biological samples (scalp hair, blood, and urine) of normal and anemic children of two age groups. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011, 141(1-3):131-149.
48. Strumylaite L., Ryselis S., Kregzdyte R. Content of lead in human hair from people with various exposure levels in Lithuania. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2004, 207(4):345-351.
49. Sukumar A. Factors influencing levels of trace elements in human hair. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 2002, 175:47-78.
50. Wilhelm M., Pesch A., Rostek U., Begerow J., Schmitz N., Idel H., et al. Concentrations of lead in blood, hair and saliva of German children living in three different areas of traffic density. Sci Total Environ 2002, 297:109-118.