Thyroid diseases in patients with acromegaly

Archives of Medical Science

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 837-845

  Da̧browska, Anna Maria ^a   Tarach, Jerzy Stanisław ^a   Kurowska, Maria ^a   Nowakowski, Andrzej ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LUBLIN   (Poland)

Author keywords

Acromegaly; Goitre; Insulin like growth factor 1; Thyroid gland

Indexed keywords

BROMOCRIPTINE; DOPAMINE; OCTREOTIDE; SOMATOMEDIN C; SOMATOSTATIN; THYROID HORMONE; THYROTROPIN;

ACROMEGALY; ARTICLE; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; ELASTOGRAPHY; EUTHYROIDISM; GOITER; HORMONE RELEASE; HUMAN; HYPOTHYROIDISM; INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING; THYROID CANCER; THYROID DISEASE; THYROID HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; THYROID WEIGHT; THYROTROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; VASCULARIZATION;

EID: 84907455045     PISSN: 17341922     EISSN: 18969151     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.36924     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Kasagi K, Shimatsu A, Miyamoto S, Misaki T, Sakahara H, Konishi J. Goiter associated with acromegaly: sonographic and scintigraphic findings of the thyroid gland. Thyroid 1999; 9: 791-6. (Pubitemid 29409663)
2. Cannavo S, Squadrito S, Finocchiaro MD, et al. Goiter and impairment of thyroid function in acromegalic patients: basal evaluation and follow-up. Horm Metab Res 2000; 32: 190-5. (Pubitemid 30353755)
3. Gasperi M, Martino E, Manetti L, et al. Prevalence of thyroid diseases in patients with acromegaly: results of an Italian multicenter study. J Endocrinol Invest 2002; 25: 240-5. (Pubitemid 34295879)
4. Herrmann BL, Baumann H, Janssen OE, Görges R, Schmid KW, Mann K. Impact of disease activity on thyroid disease in patients with acromegaly: basal evaluation and follow-up. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004; 112: 225-30. (Pubitemid 38679265)
5. Cheung NW, Boyages SC. The thyroid gland in acromegaly: an ultrasonographic study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997; 46: 545-9. (Pubitemid 27286926)
6. Chanson P, Salenave S. Acromegaly. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2008; 25: 3-17.
7. Unnikrishnan AG, Agrawal NK, Kumar R, Thazhath SS, Reddy DV, Singh SK. Toxic thyroid adenoma and acromegaly: an unusual association. J Assoc Physicians India 2003; 51: 412-3. (Pubitemid 44249647)
8. Tita P, Ambrosio MR, Scolio C, et al. High prevalence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in acromegaly. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005; 63: 161-7. (Pubitemid 41097984)
9. Wüster C, Steger G, Schmelzle A, Gottswinter J, Minne HW, Ziegler R. Increased incidence of euthyroid and hyperthyroid goiters independently of thyrotropin in patients with acromegaly. Horm Metab Res 1991; 23: 131-4.
10. Burgos Peláez R, Simó Canonge R, Hernández-Pascual C, Mesa Manteca J. Acromegaly and Graves-Basedow disease. Report of 3 cases. Med Clin (Barc) 1994; 103: 179-80. (Pubitemid 24225304)
11. Saito T, Tojo K, Tajima N. Painless thyroiditis complicated by acromegaly. Intern Med 2010; 49: 167-70.
12. Salmon WD Jr, Daughaday WH. A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro 1957. J Lab Clin Med 1990; 116: 408-19. (Pubitemid 20319315)
13. Tarach JS. Badania in vitro megakariopoetycznych komórek progenitorowych szpiku kostnego, stymulowanych Il-3, GM-CSF oraz PEG-rHuMGDF, w wybranych przewlekłych zaburzeniach mieloproliferacyjnych. Centrum Promocji Nauk Medycznych (Lublin), Polihymnia 2000.
14. Cohen P. Overview of the IGF-I system. Horm Res 2006; 65 Suppl 1: 3-8.
15. Firth SM, Baxter RC. Cellular actions of the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 824-54. (Pubitemid 35454590)
16. Holly J, Perks C. The role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Neuroendocrinology 2006; 83: 154-60. (Pubitemid 44578867)
17. Jogie-Brahim S, Min HK, Oh Y. Potential of proteomics towards the investigation of the IGF-independent actions of IGFBP3. Expert Rev Proteomics 2005; 2: 71-86. (Pubitemid 40292581)
18. Bruchim I, Attias Z, Werner H. Targeting the IGF1 axis in cancer proliferation. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2009; 13: 1179-81.
19. Wysocki PJ. mTOR in renal cell cancer: modulator of tumor biology and therapeutic target. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2009; 9: 231-41.
20. Rolleston HD. The endocrine organs in health and diseases. Oxford University Press, London 1936.
21. Studer H, Peter HJ, Gerber H. Natural heterogeneity of thyroid cells: the basis for understanding thyroid function and nodular goitre growth. Endocr Rev 1989; 10: 125-35. (Pubitemid 19151340)
22. Scacchi M, Andrioli M, Carzaniga C, et al. Elasto sonographic evaluation of thyroid nodules in acromegaly. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 161: 607-13.
23. Tramontano D, Cushing GW, Moses AC, Ingbar SH. Insuline-like growth factor-I stimulates the growth of rat thyroid cells in culture and synergizes the stimulation of DNA synthesis induced by TSH and Graves'-IgG. Endocrinology 1986; 119: 940-2. (Pubitemid 16048857)
24. Miyakawa M, Saji M, Tsushima T, Wakai K, Shizume K. Thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin levels in patients with acromegaly: correlation with plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988; 67: 973-8.
25. Brzozowska M, Kinalska J, Krȩtowski A. The level of IGF1 and TGFbeta1 the blood serum and the thyroid size in children with normal ioduria. Endokrynol Diabetol Chor Przemiany Materii Wieku Rozw 2005; 11: 215-20. (Pubitemid 41499374)
26. Völzke H, Friedrich N, Schipf S, et al. Association between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels and thyroid disorders in a population-based study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 4039-45. (Pubitemid 47607658)
27. Takahashi S, Conti M, Van Wyk JJ. Thyrotropin potentiation of insulin-like growth factor-I dependent deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in FRTL-5 cells: mediatiom by an autocrine amplification factor(s). Endocrinology 1990; 126: 736-45. (Pubitemid 20079479)
28. Cheung NW, Lou JC, Boyages SC. Growth hormone does not increase thyroid size in the absence of TSH: a study in adults with hypopituitarism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 1179-83. (Pubitemid 26083991)
29. Marzullo P, Cuocolo A, Ferone D, et al. Cardiac effect of thyrotoxicosis in acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 1426-32. (Pubitemid 32289482)
30. Tokuyama T, Yoshinari M, Okamura K, et al. The relationship between TSH response to TRH and GH response to dopaminergic agents in patients with acromegaly. Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi 1991; 67: 65-74.
31. Sakane N, Yoshida T, Shimatsau A, Umekawa T, Kondo M. Octreotide and bromocriptine suppress thyroid hormone levels and thyroid nodule in an acromegalic patient with nontoxic autonomous goiter. Endocr J 1997; 44: 305-10. (Pubitemid 27229876)
32. Gemsenjäger E, Staub JJ, Girard J, Heitz P. Preclinical hyperthyroidism in multinodular goiter. J Clin Endocrinol Metab Res 1976; 43: 810-6.
33. Mariotti S. Normal physiology of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal system and relation to the neural system and other endocrine gland. 2006; Chap 4. Thyroid disease manager. www.thyroidmanager.org
34. Hollenberg AN. The role the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) neuronas metabolic sensor. Thyroid 2008; 18: 131-9. (Pubitemid 351278374)
35. Lechan RM, Fekete C. The TRH neuron: a hypothalamic integrator ofenergy metabolism. Prog Brain Res 2006; 153: 209-35. (Pubitemid 44107417)
36. Kalsbeek A, Fliers E, Franke AN, Wortel J, Buijs RM. Functional connections between the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the thyroid gland as revealed by lesioning and viral tracing techniques in the rat. Endocrinology 2000; 141: 3832-41.
37. Kalsbeek A, Fliers E, Franke AN, Wortel J, Buijs RM. Functional connections between the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the thyroid gland as revealed by lesioning and viral tracing techniques in the rat. Endocrinology 2000; 141: 3832-41.
38. Morley JE. Neuroendocrine control of thyrotropin secretion. Endocr Rev 1981; 2: 396-436.
39. Roelfsema F, Biermasz NR, Frolich M, Keenan DM, Veldhuis JD, Romijn JA. Diminished and irregular thyrotropin secretion with preserved diurnal rhytm in patients with active acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94: 1945-50.
40. Lewis BM, Dieguez C, Lewis MD, Scanlon MF. Dopamine stimulates release of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone from perfused intact rat hypothalamus via hypothalamic D2-receptors. J Endocrinol 1987; 115: 419-24. (Pubitemid 18003079)
41. Hofland LJ, Lamberts SW. Somatostatin receptor in pituitary function, diagnosis and therapy. Front Horm Res 2004; 32: 235-52.
42. Giustina A, Veldhuis JD. Pathophysiology of the neuroregulation of growth hormone secretion in experimental animals and the human. Endocr Rev 1998; 19: 717-97. (Pubitemid 128506521)
43. Looij BJ, Roelfsema F, Frölich M, Nieuwenhuijzen Kruseman AC. The interaction of GHRH with TRH in acromegaly: a controlled study. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1991; 125: 337-41.
44. Seoane LM, Carro E, Tovar S, Casanueva FF, Dieguez C. Regulation of in vivo TSH secretion by leptin. Regul Pept 2000; 92: 25-9.
45. Chan JL, Heist K, DePaoli AM, Veldhuis JD, Mentzoros CS. The role of falling leptin levels in the neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptation to shortterm starvation in healthy men. J Clin Invest 2003; 111: 1409-21. (Pubitemid 36554712)
46. Légrádi G, Emerson CH, Ahima RS, Flier JS, Lechan RM. Leptin prevents fasting-induced suppression of pro - thyrotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid in neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Endocrinology 1997; 138: 2569-76. (Pubitemid 27215264)
47. Schurgin S, Canavan B, Koutkia P, Depadi AM, Grinspoon S. Endocrine and metabolic effects of physiologic r-metHuLeptin administration during acute caloric deprivation in normal-weight women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89: 5402-9. (Pubitemid 39518416)
48. Damjanoví SS, Petakov MS, Raiceví S, et al. Serum leptin levels in patients with acromegaly before and after correction of hypersomatotropism by transsphenoidal surgery. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 147-54. (Pubitemid 32268805)
49. Tan KC, Tso AW, Lam KS. Effect of sandostatin LAR on serum leptin levels in patients with acromegaly. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2001; 54: 31-5. (Pubitemid 32158702)
50. Parkinson C, Whatmore AJ, Yates AP, et al. The effect of pegvisomant-induced serum IGF-I normalization on serum leptin levels in patients with acromegaly. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003; 59: 168-74. (Pubitemid 36918652)
51. Geelhoed-Duijvestijn PH, Roelfsema F, Schröder-van der Elst JP, van Doorn J, van der Heide. Effect of administration of growth hormone on plasma and intracellular levels of thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine in thyroidectomized thyroxine-treated rats. J Endocrinol 1992; 133: 45-9.
52. Mantzoros CS, Ozata M, Negrao AB, et al. Synchronicity of frequently sampled thyrotropin (TSH) and leptin concentrations in healthy adults and leptin-deficient subjects: evidence for possible partial TSH regulation by leptin in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 3284-91. (Pubitemid 32673499)
53. Geelhoed-Duijvestijn PH, Bussemaker JK, Roelfsema F. Changes in basal and stimulated TSH and other parameters of thyroid function in acromegaly after transsphenoidal surgery. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989; 121: 207-15. (Pubitemid 19212164)
54. Andersson IJ, Barlind A, Nyström HC, et al. Reduced sympathetic responsiveness as well as plasma and tissue noradrenaline concentration in growth hormone transgenic mice. Acta Physiol Scand 2004; 182: 369-78. (Pubitemid 39627397)
55. Resmini E, Casu M, Patrone V, et al. Sympathovagal imbalance in acromegalic patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 115-20. (Pubitemid 43069126)
56. Akagi Y, Liu W, Zebrowski B, et al. Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human colon cancer by insulin-like growth factor-1. Cancer Res 1998; 58: 4008-14. (Pubitemid 28405661)
57. Dunn SE. Insulin-like growth factor 1 stimulates angiogenesis and the production of vascular endothelial growth factor. Growth Horm IGF Res 2000; 10 (Suppl A): S41-2. (Pubitemid 30641931)
58. Bogazzi F, Manetti L, Bartalena L, et al. Thyroid vascularity is increased in patients with active acromegaly. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2002; 57: 65-70. (Pubitemid 34785885)
59. Hirano H, Lopes MB, Laws ER Jr, et al. Insulin-like growth factor-1 content and pattern of expression correlates with histopathologic grade in diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas. Neurooncology 1999; 1: 109-19.
60. Bermont L, Lamielle F, Fauconnet S, et al. Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by insulinlike growth factor-1 in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Int J Cancer 2000; 85: 117-23.
61. Abd El Naser, Yamamah G, Kamel AF, Abd-El Dayem S, Hussein AS, Salama H. Thyroid volumes and iodine status in Egyptian South Sinai schoolchildren. Arch Med Sci 2013; 9: 548-54.
62. Cheung NW, Boyages SC. Somatostatin-14 and its analog octreotide exert a cytostatic effect on GH3 rat pituitary tumor cell proliferation via transient G0/G1 cycle block. Endocrinology 1995; 136: 4174-81.
63. Ain KB, Taylor KD. Somatostatin analogs affect proliferation of human thyroid carcinoma cell lines in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994; 78: 1097-102. (Pubitemid 24143030)
64. Boy C, Heusner TA, Poeppel TD, et al. 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT and somatostatin receptor (sst1-sst5) expression in normal human tissue: correlation of sst2 mRNA and SUVmax. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 38: 1224-36.
65. Klagge A, Krause K, Schierle K, Steinert F, Dralle H, Fuhrer D. Somatostatin receptor subtype expression in human thyroid tumours. Horm Metab Res 2010; 42: 237-40.
66. Druckenthaner M, Schwarzer C, Ensinger C, et al. Evidence for somatostatin receptor 2 in thyroid tissue. Regul Pept 2007; 138: 32-9. (Pubitemid 44918128)
67. Colao A, Marzullo P, Spiezia S, Lombardi G. Acromegaly and prostate cancer. Growth Horm IGF Res 2000; 10 (Suppl A): S37-8. (Pubitemid 30641929)
68. Colao A, Marzullo P, Ferone D, et al. Prostatic hyperplasia: an unknown feature of acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83: 775-9. (Pubitemid 28496444)
69. Jenkins PJ. Cancers associated with acromegaly. Neuro-endocrinology 2006; 83: 218-23. (Pubitemid 44578875)
70. Kobberling J, Darragh A, Del Pozo E. Chronicdopamine receptor stimulation using bromocriptine: Failure to modify thyroid function. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1979; 11: 367-70. (Pubitemid 10181669)
71. Barkan AL, Kelch RP, Hopwood NJ, Beitinis IZ. Treatment of acromegaly with the long acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988; 66: 16-23. (Pubitemid 18027723)
72. Ho KY, Weissberger AJ, Marbach P, Lanzarus L. Therapeutic efficacy of the somatostatin analog SMS 201-995 (octretotide) in acromegaly. Ann Int Med 1990; 112: 173-81.
73. Roelfsema F, Frölich M. Pulsatile thyrotropin release and thyroid function in acromegalics before and during subcutaneous octreotide infusion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991; 72: 77-82. (Pubitemid 21921659)
74. Inada M, Sterling K. Thyroxine turnover and transport in active acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1967; 27: 1019-27.
75. Sato T, Suzukui Y, Taketani T, Ishiguro K, Masuyama T. Enhanced peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine during hGH therapy in GH deficient children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1977; 45: 324-9. (Pubitemid 8162821)
76. Grunfeld C, Sherman BM, Cavalier RR. The acute effects of human growth hormone administration on thyroid function in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988; 67: 1111-4.
77. Gøtzsche LS, Flyvbjerg A, Marshall S, Jørgensen KD, Weeke J. The influence of growth hormone and thyroxine on iodothyronine deiodinase activity in the liver, kidney and brown adipose tissue in hypophysectomized rats. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1991; 125: 219-26.
78. Eskildsen PC, Kruse A, Kirkegaard C. The pituitary-thyroid axis in acromegaly. Horm Metab Res 1988; 20: 755-7. (Pubitemid 19015040)
79. Kühn ER, Verheyen G, Chiasson RB, et al. Growth hor mone stimulates the peripheral conversion of thyroxine into triiodothyronine by increasing the liver 5-momo deiodinase activity in the fasted and normal fed chicken. Horm Metal Res 1987; 19: 304-8. (Pubitemid 17093217)
80. Bianco AC, Salvatore D, Gereben B, Berry MJ, Lasrsen PR. Biochemistry, cellular and molecular biology, and physiological roles of the iodothyronine selenodeiodinases. Endocr Rev 2002; 23: 38-89. (Pubitemid 34185306)
81. Fliers E, Unmehopa UA, Alkemade A. Functional neuro-anatomy of thyroid hormone feedback in the human hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2006; 251: 1-8. (Pubitemid 43728839)
82. Baris D, Gridley G, Ron E, et al. Acromegaly and cancer risk: a cohort study in Sweden and Denmark. Cancer Causes Control 2002; 13: 395-400. (Pubitemid 34666594)
83. Ruchała M, Szczepanek-Parulska E, Komorska-Piotrowiak E. Diagnostyka i leczenie akromegalii. Oncoreview 2011; 4: 240-7.
84. Siegel G, Tomer Y. Is there an association between acromegaly and thyroid carcinoma? A critical review of the literature. Endocr Res 2005; 31: 51-8. (Pubitemid 41419984)
85. Balkany C, Cushing GW. An association between acromegaly and thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 1995; 5: 47-50.
86. Onoda N, Ohmura E, Tsushima T, et al. Autocrine role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in a human thyroid cancer cell line. Eur J Cancer 1992; 28A: 1904-9.
87. Kurimoto M, Fukuda I, Hizuka K, Takano K. The prevalence of benign and malignant tumors in patients with acromegaly at single institute. Endocr J 2008; 55: 67-71. (Pubitemid 351520181)
88. Wong VW, Gurney H, Hazel JR. Multinodular goitre: an unusual case in a patient with acromegaly. Intern Med J 2008; 38: 742-3.
89. Jenkins PJ, Mukherjee A, Shalet SM. Does growth hor mone cause cancer? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2006; 64: 115-21.
90. Colao A, Ferone D, Marzullo P, Lombardi G. Systemic complications of acromegaly: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management. Endocr Rev 2004; 25: 102-52. (Pubitemid 38269977)
91. Villar A, Zurro J, de Luis DA, Cuéllar L, Terroba C, Romero E. Acromegaly, multinodular toxic goiter and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, potential role of G proteins. Ann Med Interna 2002; 19: 79-80.
92. Gullu BE, Celik O, Nurperi G, Kadioglu P. Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer associated with acromegaly. Pituitary 2010; 13: 242-8.
93. Ruchała M, Skiba A, Gurgul E, Uruski P, Wasko R, Sowiński J. The occurence of thyroid focal lesions and need for fine needle aspiration biopsy in patients with acromegaly due to an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2009; 30: 382-6.
94. Marchisotti FG, Umeda LM, Zach PL, Saldanha MD, First OS, Liberman B. Acromegaly and thyroid disease: prevalence of thyroid cancer. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2005; 49: 843-9.
95. Ertek S, Ersoy RU, Anil C, et al. Hypothyroidism, new nodule formation and increase in nodule size in patients who have undergone hemithyroidectomy. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8: 263-9.
96. Słowińska-Klencka D, Popowicz B, Woźniak E, Sporny S, Klencki M. The influence of fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid gland on the size of the examined nodule and its ultrasound image. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8: 1059-64.
97. Cesur M, Akcil M, Ertek S, et al. Role of cytological characteristics of benign thyroid nodules on effectiveness of their treatment with levothyroxine. Arch Med Sci 2013; 9: 1083-9.
98. Dighe M, Bae U, Richardson ML, Dubinsky TJ, Minoshima S, Kim Y. Differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules with US elastography using carotid artery pulsation. Radiology 2008; 248: 662-9.
99. Fruchtman S, Simmons JG, Michaylira CZ, et al. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-2 modulates the fibrogenic actions of GH and IGF-1 in intestinal mesenchymal cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2005; 289: 342-50.