Geochronology, archaeological context, and DNA at the paisley caves

Paleoamerican Odyssey

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 485-510

  Jenkins, Dennis L ^a   Davis, Loren G ^b   Stafford, Thomas W ^c   Campos, Paula F ^c   Connolly, Thomas J ^a   Cummings, Linda Scott ^d   Hofreiter, Michael ^e   Hockett, Bryan ^f   McDonough, Katelyn ^a   Luthe, Ian ^a   O’Grady, Patrick W ^a   Reinhard, Karl J ^g   Swisher, Mark E ^a   White, Frances ^a   Yates, Bonnie ^h   Yohe, Robert M ⁱ   Yost, Chad ^d   Willerslev, Eske ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OREGON   (United States)

^b OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^d Paleo Research Institute   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

^f Bureau of Land Management Nevada State Office   (Italy)

^g UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN   (United States)

^h University of Oregon ^*  (United States)

ⁱ CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Coprolite; Dna; Geoarchaeology; Geochronology; Pre clovis; Western Stemmed

Indexed keywords

EID: 84907234474     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (136)

1. Aikens, C. M., T. J. Connolly, and D. L. Jenkins 2011 Oregon Archaeology. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.
2. AINW 2004 Results of blood residue analysis on 7 artifacts from the Paisley 5 Mile Ridge Caves site, 35LK3400, Lake County, Oregon. Unpublished Archaeological Investigations Northwest Report No. 1278. Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Portland.
3. AINW 2010 Results of blood residue analysis on 13 artifacts from Paisley Caves site 35LK3400 in Lake County, Oregon. Unpublished Archaeological Investigations Northwest Report No. 2600. Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Portland.
4. Allison, I. S. 1982 Geology of Pluvial Lake Chewaucan, Lake County, Oregon. Oregon State Monographs, Studies in Geology 11. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.
5. Barnosky, A. D., P. L. Koch, R. S. Feranec, S. L. Wing, and A. B. Shabel 2004 Assessing the Causes of Late Pleistocene Extinctions on the Continents. Science 306:70–75.
6. Beck, C., and G. T. Jones 2009 The Archaeology of the Eastern Nevada Paleoarchaic, Part I the Sunshine Locality. University of Utah Anthropological Papers 126. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
7. Beck, C., and G. T. Jones 2010 Clovis and Western Stemmed: Population migration and the meeting of two technologies in the Intermountain West. American Antiquity 75(1):81–116.
8. Beck, C., and G. T. Jones 2012 The Clovis-Last hypothesis: Investigating early lithic technology in the Intermountain West. In Meetings at the Margins: Prehistoric Cultural Interactions in the Intermountain West, edited by D. Rhode, pp. 23–46. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
9. Bedwell, S. F. 1973 Fort Rock Basin Prehistory and Environment. University of Oregon Books. Eugene.
10. Behrensmeyer, A. K. 1978 Taphonomic and ecological information from bone weathering. Paleobiology 4(2):150–62.
11. Bryan, A. L. 1979 Smith Creek Cave. In The Archaeology of Smith Creek Canyon, Eastern Nevada, edited by D. R. Tuohy and D. L. Rendall, pp. 162–253. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers Number 17, Carson City.
12. Bryan, A. L. 1980 The Stemmed Point Tradition: An early technological tradition in western North America. In Anthropological Papers in Memory of Early H. Swanson, edited by L. B. Harten, C. N. Warren, and D. R. Tuohy, pp. 78–107. Special Publication of the Idaho State Museum of Natural History, Pocatello.
13. Bryan, A. L., and D. R. Tuohy 2005 (Second edition) Prehistory of the Great Basin/Snake River Plain to about 8,500 years ago. In Ice Age Peoples of North America: Environments, Origins, and Adaptations of the First Americans, edited by R. Bonnichsen and K. L. Turnmire, pp. 249–63. Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University, College Station.
14. Cowles, J. 1960 Cougar Mountain Cave in South Central Oregon. Daily News Press, Rainier, Oregon.
15. Cressman, L. S. 1940 Studies on early man in south central Oregon. In Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book No. 39:300–06. Washington, D. C.
16. Cressman, L. S. 1966 The Sandal and the Cave: The Indians of Oregon. Beaver Books, Portland.
17. Cressman, L. S., and H. Williams 1940 Early man in southcentral Oregon: Evidence from stratified sites. In Early Man in Oregon: Archaeological Studies in the Northern Great Basin. University of Oregon Monographs, Studies in Anthropology No. 3. Eugene.
18. Cummings, L. S., and C. Yost 2011 Pollen, phytolith, starch, protein, and XRD analysis of stone artifacts from Paisley Caves (35LK3400), Oregon. Unpublished Paleo Research Institute Technical Report 11–142. Paleo Research Institute, Inc., Golden, Colorado.
19. Cummings, L. S., C. Yost, K. Puseman, D. V. Hill, and R. A. Varney 2007 Microscopic and chemical evaluation of three coprolites from the Paisley 5 Mile Point Caves, Oregon. Unpublished Paleo Research Institute Technical Report 07–91. Paleo Research Institute, Inc., Golden, Colorado.
20. Davis, L. G., S. C. Willis, and S. J. Macfarlan 2012 Lithic technology, cultural transmission, and the nature of the far western Paleoarchaic/Paleoindian Co-Tradition. In Meetings at the Margins: Prehistoric Cultural Interactions in the Intermountain West, edited by D. Rhode, pp. 47–64. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
21. Dillehay, T. D. 1989 Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in Chile, Volume 1. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C.
22. Dillehay, T. D., C. Ramirez, M. Pino, M. B. Collins, J. Rossen, and J. D. Pino-Navarro 2008 Monte Verde: seaweed, food, medicine, and the peopling of South America. Science 320:784–86.
23. Fiedel, S. 1996 Blood from stones? Some methodological and interpretive problems in blood residue analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 23(1):139–47
24. Friedel, D. E. 1993 Chronology and Climatic Controls of Late Quarternary Lake-level Fluctuations in Chewaucan, Fort Rock, and Alkali Basins, South-central Oregon. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Geography, University of Oregon, Eugene.
25. Friedel, D. E. 2001 Pleistocene Lake Chewaucan: Two short pieces on hydrological connections and lake-level oscillations. In Quaternary Studies near Summer Lake, Oregon: Friends of the Pleistocene Ninth Annual Pacific Northwest Cell Field Trip September 28–30, 2001, edited by R. Negrini, S. Pezzopane, and T. Badger, pp. DF.1–DF.3.
26. Gilbert, M. T. P., D. L. Jenkins, A. Gotherstrom, N. Naveran, J. J. Sanchez, M. Hofreiter, P. F. Thomsen, J. Binladen, T. F. G. Higham, R. M. Yohe II, R. Parr, L. S. Cummings, and E. Willerslev 2008a dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science 320:786–89.
27. Gilbert, M. T. P., D. L. Jenkins, A. Gotherstrom, N. Naveran, J. J. Sanchez, M. Hofreiter, P. F. Thomsen, J. Binladen, T. F. G. Higham, R. M. Yohe II, R. Parr, L. S. Cummings, and E. Willerslev 2008b dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science on line 320.
28. Gilbert M. T. P., D. L. Jenkins, T. F. G. Higham, M. Rassmussen, H. Malmstrom, E. M. Svensson, J. J. Sanchez, L. S. Cummings, R. M. Yohe II, M. Hofreiter, A. Gotherstrom, and E. Willerslev 2009 Response to comment by Poinar et al. on “dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America”. Science on line, 325:148b.
29. Goebel, T., and J. L. Keene In press Are Great Basin Stemmed points as old as Clovis in the Intermountain West? A review of the geochronological evidence. In Archaeology for All Times: Papers in Honor of Don D. Fowler, edited by J. Janetski and N. Parezo. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
30. Goldberg, P. F. Berna, and R. I. Macphail 2009 Comment on “dna from Pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science on line, 325:148c.
31. Harrington, M. R., and R. D. Simpson 1961 Tule Springs, Nevada with other evidence of Pleistocene man in North America. Southwest Museum Papers 18. Los Angeles.
32. Haynes, G. 1999 Mammoths, Mastodonts, & Elephants: Biology, Behavior, and the Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom.
33. Haynes, G. 2002 The Early Settlement of North America: The Clovis Era. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom.
34. Haynes, C. V. 1964 Fluted projectile points: Their age and dispersion. Science 145:1408–13.
35. Haynes, C. V. 1992 C-14 Dating of the peopling of the New World. In Radiocarbon After Four Decades: An Interdisciplinary Perspective edited by R. E. Taylor, A. Long, and R. Kra, pp. 503–18. Springer Verlag. New York.
36. Hockett, B., and E. Dillingham 2004 Paleontological Investigations at Mineral Hill Cave. Technical Report 18, Bureau of Land Management, Reno.
37. Jenkins, D. L. 2007 Distribution and dating of cultural and paleontological remains at the Paisley Five Mile Point Caves in the northern Great Basin. In Paleoindian or Paleoarchaic: Great Basin Human Ecology at the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition, edited by K. Graf and D. Schmidt, pp. 57–81. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake.
38. Jenkins, D. L., E. Davis, M. E. Swisher, L. G. Davis, B. Hockett, T. W. Stafford, Jr., and E. Willerslev 2010 Chrono-stratigraphic analysis of late Pleistocene to middle Holocene deposits in the Paisley Caves of south-central Oregon. A paper presented at the Great Basin Anthropological Conference, Layton.
39. Jenkins, D. L., L. G. Davis, T. W. Stafford, Jr., P. F. Campos, B. Hockett, G. T. Jones, L. S. Cummings, C. Yost, T. J. Connolly, R. M. Yohe II, S. C. Gibbons, M. Raghavan, M. Rasmussen, J. L. A. Paijmans, M. Hofreiter, B. M. Kemp, J. L. Barta, C. Monroe, M. T. P. Gilbert, and E. Willerslev 2012a Clovis age Western Stemmed projectile points and human coprolites at the Paisley Caves. Science 337:223–28.
40. Jenkins, D. L., L. G. Davis, T. W. Stafford, Jr., P. F. Campos, B. Hockett, G. T. Jones, L. S. Cummings, C. Yost, T. J. Connolly, R. M. Yohe II, S. C. Gibbons, M. Raghavan, M. Rasmussen, J. L. A. Paijmans, M. Hofreiter, B. M. Kemp, J. L. Barta, C. Monroe, M. T. P. Gilbert, and E. Willerslev 2012b Clovis age Western Stemmed projectile points and human coprolites at the Paisley Caves. Science on line 337.
41. Jenkins, D. L., L. G. Davis, P. W. O’Grady, T. W. Stafford, Jr., P. F. Campos, and E. Willerslev 2012c Snap-shot in time: A sealed-in late Younger Dryas (10,200 BP) cultural component in the Paisley Caves. A paper presented at the Society for American Archaeology Meetings, Memphis.
42. Jennings, J. D. 1986 Prehistory: Introduction. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 11: Great Basin edited by W. L. d’ Azevedo, pp. 113–19. Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.
43. LAS 2007 Protein residue analysis of ten coprolite samples from Paisley 5-Mile Point Cave (35LK3400) Lake County, Oregon. LAS Report 134, Laboratory of Archaeological Science, California State University, Bakersfield.
44. LAS 2011a An analysis of protein residues from the surface of a handstone from Paisley Five-Mile Point Caves, Oregon. LAS Report 291, Laboratory of Archaeological Science, California State University, Bakersfield.
45. LAS 2011b Protein residue analysis of three artifacts from the Paisley Five-Mile Point Caves. LAS Report 309, Laboratory of Archaeological Science, California State University, Bakersfield.
46. Madsen, D. B. 2004 Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia Before the Last Glacial Maximum. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
47. Madsen, D. B. 2012 Archaeological perspectives on the Great Basin culture area. In Meetings at the Margins: Prehistoric Cultural Interactions in the Intermountain West, edited by D. Rhode, pp. 271–283. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
48. McDonough, K., I. Luthe, M. E. Swisher, D. L. Jenkins, P. W. O’Grady, and F. White 2012 ABC’s at the Paisley Caves: Artifact, bone, and coprolite distributions in pre-Mazama deposits. CAHO Volume 37, Number 2–3. Association of Oregon Archaeologists, Eugene.
49. Minor, R., and L. Spencer 1977 Site of a probable camelid kill at Fossil Lake, Oregon: An archaeological evaluation. Unpublished report to the Bureau of Land Management, Lakeview, Oregon, University of Oregon, Department of Anthropology, Eugene.
50. Miller, S. J. 1979 The archaeological fauna of four sites in Smith Creek Canyon. In The Archaeology of Smith Creek Canyon, Eastern Nevada, edited by D. R. Tuohy and D. L. Rendall, pp. 272–329. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers No. 17, Carson City.
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55. Rasmussen, M., L. S. Cummings, M. T. P. Gilbert, V. Bryant, C. Smith, D. L. Jenkins, and E. Willerslev 2009 Response to comment by Goldberg et al. on “dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science on line 325:148d.
56. Roosevelt, A. C., J. Douglas, and L. Brown 2002 The migrations and adaptations of the First Americans: Clovis and pre-Clovis viewed from South America. In The First Americans: the Pleistocene Colonization of the New World, edited by N. G. Jablonski, pp. 159–236. Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences Number 27. San Francisco.
57. Shutler, R. Jr. 1967 Archaeology of Tule Springs. In Pleistocene Studies in Southern Nevada, edited by H. M. Wormington and D. Ellis, pp. 298–303. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers 13. Carson City.
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59. Vance, M. M. 2011 Stones without bones: Reconstructing the Lime Ridge Clovis site. Unpublished Master of Arts thesis, Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff.
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62. Wheat, M. M. 1967 Survival Arts of the Primitive Paiutes. University of Nevada Press, Reno.
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64. Willig, J. A. 1988 Paleo-Archaic adaptations and lakeside settlement patterns in the Northern Alkali Basin. In Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface edited by J. A. Willig, C. M. Aikens, and J. L. Fagan, pp. 417–82. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers 21. Carson City.
65. Willig, J. A. 1989 Paleo-Archaic Broad Spectrum Adaptations at the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary in Far Western North America. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene.
66. Willig, J. A., C. M. Aikens, and J. L. Fagan 1988 Early Human Occupation in Far Western North America: The Clovis-Archaic Interface. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers No. 21, Carson City.
67. Wingard, G. F. 2001 Carlon Village: Land, Water, Subsistence, and Sedentism in the Northern Great Basin. University of Oregon Anthropological Papers 57. Eugene.
68. Yost, C., and L. S. Cummings 2011 Protein Residue, Pollen, Starch, and Phytolith Analysis of Stone Samples from Caves 2 and 5, Paisley 5-Mile Point Caves, Site 35LK3400, Oregon. Unpublished Paleo Research Institute Technical Report 10-176. Golden, Colorado.
69. Aikens, C. M., T. J. Connolly, and D. L. Jenkins 2011 Oregon Archaeology. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.
70. AINW 2004 Results of blood residue analysis on 7 artifacts from the Paisley 5 Mile Ridge Caves site, 35LK3400, Lake County, Oregon. Unpublished Archaeological Investigations Northwest Report No. 1278. Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Portland.
71. AINW 2010 Results of blood residue analysis on 13 artifacts from Paisley Caves site 35LK3400 in Lake County, Oregon. Unpublished Archaeological Investigations Northwest Report No. 2600. Archaeological Investigations Northwest, Portland.
72. Allison, I. S. 1982 Geology of Pluvial Lake Chewaucan, Lake County, Oregon. Oregon State Monographs, Studies in Geology 11. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis.
73. Barnosky, A. D., P. L. Koch, R. S. Feranec, S. L. Wing, and A. B. Shabel 2004 Assessing the Causes of Late Pleistocene Extinctions on the Continents. Science 306:70–75.
74. Beck, C., and G. T. Jones 2009 The Archaeology of the Eastern Nevada Paleoarchaic, Part I the Sunshine Locality. University of Utah Anthropological Papers 126. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
75. Beck, C., and G. T. Jones 2010 Clovis and Western Stemmed: Population migration and the meeting of two technologies in the Intermountain West. American Antiquity 75(1):81–116.
76. Beck, C., and G. T. Jones 2012 The Clovis-Last hypothesis: Investigating early lithic technology in the Intermountain West. In Meetings at the Margins: Prehistoric Cultural Interactions in the Intermountain West, edited by D. Rhode, pp. 23–46. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
77. Bedwell, S. F. 1973 Fort Rock Basin Prehistory and Environment. University of Oregon Books. Eugene.
78. Behrensmeyer, A. K. 1978 Taphonomic and ecological information from bone weathering. Paleobiology 4(2):150–62.
79. Bryan, A. L. 1979 Smith Creek Cave. In The Archaeology of Smith Creek Canyon, Eastern Nevada, edited by D. R. Tuohy and D. L. Rendall, pp. 162–253. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers Number 17, Carson City.
80. Bryan, A. L. 1980 The Stemmed Point Tradition: An early technological tradition in western North America. In Anthropological Papers in Memory of Early H. Swanson, edited by L. B. Harten, C. N. Warren, and D. R. Tuohy, pp. 78–107. Special Publication of the Idaho State Museum of Natural History, Pocatello.
81. Bryan, A. L., and D. R. Tuohy 2005 (Second edition) Prehistory of the Great Basin/Snake River Plain to about 8,500 years ago. In Ice Age Peoples of North America: Environments, Origins, and Adaptations of the First Americans, edited by R. Bonnichsen and K. L. Turnmire, pp. 249–63. Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University, College Station.
82. Cowles, J. 1960 Cougar Mountain Cave in South Central Oregon. Daily News Press, Rainier, Oregon.
83. Cressman, L. S. 1940 Studies on early man in south central Oregon. In Carnegie Institution of Washington Year Book No. 39:300–06. Washington, D. C.
84. Cressman, L. S. 1966 The Sandal and the Cave: The Indians of Oregon. Beaver Books, Portland.
85. Cressman, L. S., and H. Williams 1940 Early man in southcentral Oregon: Evidence from stratified sites. In Early Man in Oregon: Archaeological Studies in the Northern Great Basin. University of Oregon Monographs, Studies in Anthropology No. 3. Eugene.
86. Cummings, L. S., and C. Yost 2011 Pollen, phytolith, starch, protein, and XRD analysis of stone artifacts from Paisley Caves (35LK3400), Oregon. Unpublished Paleo Research Institute Technical Report 11–142. Paleo Research Institute, Inc., Golden, Colorado.
87. Cummings, L. S., C. Yost, K. Puseman, D. V. Hill, and R. A. Varney 2007 Microscopic and chemical evaluation of three coprolites from the Paisley 5 Mile Point Caves, Oregon. Unpublished Paleo Research Institute Technical Report 07–91. Paleo Research Institute, Inc., Golden, Colorado.
88. Davis, L. G., S. C. Willis, and S. J. Macfarlan 2012 Lithic technology, cultural transmission, and the nature of the far western Paleoarchaic/Paleoindian Co-Tradition. In Meetings at the Margins: Prehistoric Cultural Interactions in the Intermountain West, edited by D. Rhode, pp. 47–64. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
89. Dillehay, T. D. 1989 Monte Verde: A Late Pleistocene Settlement in Chile, Volume 1. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C.
90. Dillehay, T. D., C. Ramirez, M. Pino, M. B. Collins, J. Rossen, and J. D. Pino-Navarro 2008 Monte Verde: seaweed, food, medicine, and the peopling of South America. Science 320:784–86.
91. Fiedel, S. 1996 Blood from stones? Some methodological and interpretive problems in blood residue analysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 23(1):139–47
92. Friedel, D. E. 1993 Chronology and Climatic Controls of Late Quarternary Lake-level Fluctuations in Chewaucan, Fort Rock, and Alkali Basins, South-central Oregon. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Geography, University of Oregon, Eugene.
93. Friedel, D. E. 2001 Pleistocene Lake Chewaucan: Two short pieces on hydrological connections and lake-level oscillations. In Quaternary Studies near Summer Lake, Oregon: Friends of the Pleistocene Ninth Annual Pacific Northwest Cell Field Trip September 28–30, 2001, edited by R. Negrini, S. Pezzopane, and T. Badger, pp. DF.1–DF.3.
94. Gilbert, M. T. P., D. L. Jenkins, A. Gotherstrom, N. Naveran, J. J. Sanchez, M. Hofreiter, P. F. Thomsen, J. Binladen, T. F. G. Higham, R. M. Yohe II, R. Parr, L. S. Cummings, and E. Willerslev 2008a dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science 320:786–89.
95. Gilbert, M. T. P., D. L. Jenkins, A. Gotherstrom, N. Naveran, J. J. Sanchez, M. Hofreiter, P. F. Thomsen, J. Binladen, T. F. G. Higham, R. M. Yohe II, R. Parr, L. S. Cummings, and E. Willerslev 2008b dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science on line 320.
96. Gilbert M. T. P., D. L. Jenkins, T. F. G. Higham, M. Rassmussen, H. Malmstrom, E. M. Svensson, J. J. Sanchez, L. S. Cummings, R. M. Yohe II, M. Hofreiter, A. Gotherstrom, and E. Willerslev 2009 Response to comment by Poinar et al. on “dna from pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America”. Science on line, 325:148b.
97. Goebel, T., and J. L. Keene In press Are Great Basin Stemmed points as old as Clovis in the Intermountain West? A review of the geochronological evidence. In Archaeology for All Times: Papers in Honor of Don D. Fowler, edited by J. Janetski and N. Parezo. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
98. Goldberg, P. F. Berna, and R. I. Macphail 2009 Comment on “dna from Pre-Clovis human coprolites in Oregon, North America. Science on line, 325:148c.
99. Harrington, M. R., and R. D. Simpson 1961 Tule Springs, Nevada with other evidence of Pleistocene man in North America. Southwest Museum Papers 18. Los Angeles.
100. Haynes, G. 1999 Mammoths, Mastodonts, & Elephants: Biology, Behavior, and the Fossil Record. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom.
101. Haynes, G. 2002 The Early Settlement of North America: The Clovis Era. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, United Kingdom.
102. Haynes, C. V. 1964 Fluted projectile points: Their age and dispersion. Science 145:1408–13.
103. Haynes, C. V. 1992 C-14 Dating of the peopling of the New World. In Radiocarbon After Four Decades: An Interdisciplinary Perspective edited by R. E. Taylor, A. Long, and R. Kra, pp. 503–18. Springer Verlag. New York.
104. Hockett, B., and E. Dillingham 2004 Paleontological Investigations at Mineral Hill Cave. Technical Report 18, Bureau of Land Management, Reno.
105. Jenkins, D. L. 2007 Distribution and dating of cultural and paleontological remains at the Paisley Five Mile Point Caves in the northern Great Basin. In Paleoindian or Paleoarchaic: Great Basin Human Ecology at the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition, edited by K. Graf and D. Schmidt, pp. 57–81. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake.
106. Jenkins, D. L., E. Davis, M. E. Swisher, L. G. Davis, B. Hockett, T. W. Stafford, Jr., and E. Willerslev 2010 Chrono-stratigraphic analysis of late Pleistocene to middle Holocene deposits in the Paisley Caves of south-central Oregon. A paper presented at the Great Basin Anthropological Conference, Layton.
107. Jenkins, D. L., L. G. Davis, T. W. Stafford, Jr., P. F. Campos, B. Hockett, G. T. Jones, L. S. Cummings, C. Yost, T. J. Connolly, R. M. Yohe II, S. C. Gibbons, M. Raghavan, M. Rasmussen, J. L. A. Paijmans, M. Hofreiter, B. M. Kemp, J. L. Barta, C. Monroe, M. T. P. Gilbert, and E. Willerslev 2012a Clovis age Western Stemmed projectile points and human coprolites at the Paisley Caves. Science 337:223–28.
108. Jenkins, D. L., L. G. Davis, T. W. Stafford, Jr., P. F. Campos, B. Hockett, G. T. Jones, L. S. Cummings, C. Yost, T. J. Connolly, R. M. Yohe II, S. C. Gibbons, M. Raghavan, M. Rasmussen, J. L. A. Paijmans, M. Hofreiter, B. M. Kemp, J. L. Barta, C. Monroe, M. T. P. Gilbert, and E. Willerslev 2012b Clovis age Western Stemmed projectile points and human coprolites at the Paisley Caves. Science on line 337.
109. Jenkins, D. L., L. G. Davis, P. W. O’Grady, T. W. Stafford, Jr., P. F. Campos, and E. Willerslev 2012c Snap-shot in time: A sealed-in late Younger Dryas (10,200 BP) cultural component in the Paisley Caves. A paper presented at the Society for American Archaeology Meetings, Memphis.
110. Jennings, J. D. 1986 Prehistory: Introduction. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 11: Great Basin edited by W. L. d’ Azevedo, pp. 113–19. Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C.
111. LAS 2007 Protein residue analysis of ten coprolite samples from Paisley 5-Mile Point Cave (35LK3400) Lake County, Oregon. LAS Report 134, Laboratory of Archaeological Science, California State University, Bakersfield.
112. LAS 2011a An analysis of protein residues from the surface of a handstone from Paisley Five-Mile Point Caves, Oregon. LAS Report 291, Laboratory of Archaeological Science, California State University, Bakersfield.
113. LAS 2011b Protein residue analysis of three artifacts from the Paisley Five-Mile Point Caves. LAS Report 309, Laboratory of Archaeological Science, California State University, Bakersfield.
114. Madsen, D. B. 2004 Entering America: Northeast Asia and Beringia Before the Last Glacial Maximum. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.
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