The benefits of walking for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review

International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation

Volumn 21, Issue 9, 2014, Pages 410-420

  Soundy, Andrew ^a   Muhamed, Ahmad ^a   Stubbs, Brendon ^b   Probst, Michel ^c   Vancampfort, Davy ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GREENWICH   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^d KU LEUVEN DEPARTMENT OF REHABILITATION SCIENCES   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Exercise; Mental illness; Physical activity; Schizophrenia; Walking

Indexed keywords

EID: 84906960711     PISSN: 17411645     EISSN: 1759779X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2014.21.9.410     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Whitt MC et al (2000) Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 329 Suppl: S498–504
2. Álvarex-Jiménez M,Hetrick SE,González-Blanch C, Gleeson JF, McGorry PD (2008) Non-pharmacological management of antipsychotic–induced weight gain: systematic review and meta-anlayais of randomised controlled trials. Br J Psychiatry 193(2): 101–7
3. Allison DB, Mentore JL, Heo M et al (1999) Antipsychoticinduced weight gain: A comprehensive research synthesis. Am J Psychiatry 156(11): 1686–9
4. American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn (DSM-IV). APA, New York
5. APA (2013) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edn (DSM-V). APA, New York
6. Ball MP, Coons VB, Buchanan RW (2001) A program for treating olanzapine-related weight gain. Psychiatr Serv 52(7): 967–9
7. Barton J, Griffin M, Pretty J (2012) Exercise-, nature- and socially interactive-based initiatives improve mood and self-esteem in the clinical population. Perspect Public Health 132(2): 89–96
8. Barton J, Hine R, Pretty J (2009) The health benefits of walking in greenspaces of high natural and heritage value. Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences 6(4): 261–78
9. Barton J, Pretty J (2010) What is the best dose of nature and green exercise for improving mental health? A multi-study analysis. Environ Sci Technol 44(10): 3947–55
10. Beebe LH (2006) Describing the health parameters of outpatients with schizophrenia. Appl Nurs Res 19(1): 43–7
11. Beebe LH, Harris RF (2012) Using pedometers to document physical activity in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 50(2): 44–9
12. Beebe LH, Harris RF (2013) Description of physical activity in outpatients with schizophrenia sepcturm disorders. Int J Ment Health Nurs 22(5): 430–36
13. Beebe LH, Smith K (2010) Feasibility of the Walk, Address, Learn and Cue (WALC) intervention for schizophrenia specturm disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 24(1): 54–62
14. Beebe LH, Smith K, Burk R et al (2011) Effect of a motivational intevention on exercise behavior in persons with schizophrenia specturm disorders. Community Ment Health J 47(6): 628–36
15. Beebe LH, Smith K, Burk R et al (2012) Motivational intervention increases exercise in schiozphrenia and co-occuring substance use disorders. Schizophr Res 135(1–3): 204–5
16. Beebe LH, Smith KD, Roman MW et al (2013) A pilot study describing physical activity in persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDS) after an exercise program. Issues Ment Health Nurs 34(4): 214–19
17. Beebe LH, Tian L, Morris N, Goodwin A, Allen SS, Kuldau J (2005) Effects of exercise on mental health and physical health parameters of persons with schizophrenia. Issues Ment Health Nurs 26(6): 661–76
18. Bowler D, Buyung-Ali L, Knight T, Pullin A (2010) A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments. BMC Public Health 10: doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-456
19. Carless D, Douglas K (2004) A golf programme for people with severe and enduring mental health problems. Journal of Mental Health Promotion 3(4): 26–39
20. Carless D, Douglas K (2008) Social support for and through exercise and sport in a sample of men with serious mental illness. Issues Ment Health Nurs 29(11): 1179–99
21. Carter-Morris P, Faulkner G (2003) A football project for mental health service users. Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2: 24–30
22. De Hert M, Correll CU, Bobes, J et al (2011) Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World Psychiatry 10(1): 52–77
23. De Hert M, Schreurs V, Vancampfort D, Van Winkel RV (2009) Metabolic syndrome in people with schizophrenia: a review. World Psychiatry 8(1): 15–22
24. Faulkner G, Soundy AA, Lloyd K (2003) Schizophrenia and weight management: a systematic review of interventions to control weight. [Comparative Study Review]. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 108(5): 324–32
25. Gorczynski P, Faulkner G (2011) Exercise therapy for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 12(5): CD004412.
26. Gorczynski P, Faulkner G, Cohn T (2013) Dissecting the obesogenic environment of a pyshciatric setting: client perspectives. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 32(3): 65–80
27. Higgins JP, Altman DG, Sterne JA (2011) Chapter 8: assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP, Green S (eds) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. Available: http://handbook.cochrane.org [accessed 26.8.14]
28. Higgins JP, Green S (eds) (2011) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. Available: http://handbook. cochrane.org [accessed 26.8.14]
29. Huxham F, Gong J, Baker R, Morris M, Iansek R (2006) Defining spatial parameters for non-linear walking. Gait Posture 23(2): 159–63
30. Kane I, Lee H, Sereika S, Brar J (2012) Feasibility of pedometers for adults with schizophrenia: pilot study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 19(1): 8–14
31. Lee IM, Buchner DM (2008) The importance of walking to public health. Med Sci Sports Exerc 407 Suppl: S512–8
32. McDevitt J, Wilbur J, Kogan J, Briller J (2005) A walking program for outpatients in psychiatric rehabilitation: pilot study. Biol Res Nurs 7(2): 87–97
33. McNamee L, Mead G, MacGillivray S, Lawrie SM (2013) Schizophrenia, poor physical health and physical activity: evidence-based interventions are required to reduce major health inequalities. Br J Psychiatry 203(3): 239– 41
34. Methapatara W, Srisurapanont M (2011) Pedometer walking plus motivational interviewing program for Thai schizophrenic patients with obesity or overweight: A 12-week, randomized, controlled trial. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 65(4): 374–80
35. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG (2009) Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses: The PRISMA Statement. Ann Intern Med 151(4): 264–9
36. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2011) Common Mental Health Disorders: Identification and Pathways to Care. NICE, London
37. Putzhammer A, Perfahl M, Pfeiff L, Hajak G (2005) Gait disturbances in patients with schizophrenia and adaptation to treadmill walking. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 59(3): 303–10
38. Soundy A, Kinstone T, Coffee C (2012) Understanding the psychosocial process of physical activity for individuals with severe mental illness: a meta-ethnography. In: L’Abate L (ed) Mental Illnesses: Evaluation, Treatments and Implications. Available: http://www.intechopen.com/ books/mental-illnesses-evaluation-treatments-and-implications [accessed 26.8.14]
39. Soundy A, Taylor A, Faulkner G, Rowlands A (2007) Psychometric properties of the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall Questionnaire in individuals with severe mental illness. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 21(6): 309–16
40. Soundy A, Wampers M, Probst M, De Hert M, Stubbs B, Vancampfort D (2013) Physical activity and sedentary behaviour in outpatients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Ther Rehabil 20: 588–96
41. Vancampfort D, De Hert M, De Herdt A et al (2014) Associations between physical activity and the built environment in patients with schizophrenia: a pilot study. General Hospital Psychiatry 35(6): 653–8
42. Vancampfort D, De Hert M, Vansteenkiste M et al (2013) The importance of self-determined motivation towards physical activity in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 210(3): 812–28
43. Vancampfort D, De Hert M, Skjaerven L et al (2012) International Organization of Physical Therapy in Mental Health consensus on physical activity within multidisciplinary rehabilitation programmes for minimising cardiometabolic risk in patients with schizophrenia. Disabil Rehabil 34(1): 1–12
44. Vancampfort D, Probst M, Knapen J, Carraro A, De Hert M (2012) Associations between sedentary behavior and metabolic parameters in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 200(2–3): 73–8
45. Warren KR, Ball P, Feldman S, Liu F, McMahon RP, Kelly DL (2011) Exercise program adherence using a 5-kilometer (5K) event as an achievable goal in people with schizophrenia. Biol Res Nurs 13(4): 383–90
46. White M, Pahl S, Ashbullby K, Herbert S, Depledge M (2013) Feelings of restoration from recent nature visits. Journal of Environmental Psychology 35: 40–51
47. World Health Organization (1993) The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders – diagnostic criteria for research. World Health Organization, Geneva
48. Wu MK, Wang CK, Bai YM, Huany CY, Lee SD (2007) Outcomes of obese, clozapine-treated inpatients with schizophrenia placed on a six-month diet and physical activity program. Pschiatr Serv 58(4): 544–50