Journeys in shadows

Understanding Intelligence in the Twenty-First Century: Journeys in Shadows

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-28

  Scott, Len ^a   Jackson, Peter ^a  

^a ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84906579000     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203504420     Document Type: Chapter

References (82)

1. Christopher Andrew, 'Intelligence, International Relations and "Under-theorisation"', this volume, pp. 29-30.
2. Sherman Kent, Strategic Intelligence for American World Policy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1949).
3. Christopher Andrew and David Dilks (eds), The Missing Dimension: Governments and Intelligence Communities in the Twentieth Century (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1984).
4. Christopher Andrew, 'Intelligence in the Cold War: Lessons and Learning', in Harold Shukman (ed.), Agents for Change: Intelligence Services in the 21st Century (London: St Ermin's Press, 2000), pp. 1-2.
5. Kent, Strategic Intelligence, p. ix.
6. James Der Derian, Antidiplomacy: Spies, Terror, Speed and War (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992);
7. see also Michael Fry and Miles Hochstein, 'Epistemic Communities: Intelligence Studies and International Relations' in Wesley K. Wark (ed.), Espionage: Past, Present, Future? (London: Frank Cass, 1994), pp. 14-28 (also published as a Special Issue of Intelligence and National Security, 8, 3 (1993)).
8. Examples include Richard Thurlow, The Secret State: British Internal Security in the Twentieth Century (Oxford: Blackwell, 1994)
9. Amy Knight, Beria: Stalin's First Lieutenant (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993)
10. Robert Gellately, The Gestapo and German Society: Enforcing Racial Policy 1933-1945 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990).
11. Michael Herman, Intelligence Power in Peace and War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996).
12. John Ferris, 'Intelligence' in R. Boyce and J. Maiolo (eds), The Origins of World War Two: The Debate Continues (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2003), p. 308.
13. Michael Herman, 'Diplomacy and Intelligence', Diplomacy & Statecraft, 9, 2 (1998), pp. 1-2.
14. For discussion see Herman, Intelligence Power and Abram Shulsky, Silent Warfare: Understanding the World of Intelligence (London: Brassey's US, 1993).
15. Elizabeth Anderson, 'The Security Dilemma and Covert Action: The Truman Years', International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 11, 4 (1998/99), p. 404.
16. Andrew, 'Intelligence, International Relations', p. 34.
17. See in particular Aleksandr Fursenko and Timothy Naftali, 'One Hell of a Gamble': Khrushchev, Castro, Kennedy and the Cuban Missile Crisis 1958-1964 (London: John Murray, 1997);
18. Christopher Andrew and Oleg Gordievsky, KGB: The Inside Story (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1990);
19. Benjamin B. Fischer, A Cold War Conundrum: The 1983 Soviet War Scare (Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency, Center for the Study of Intelligence, 1997).
20. See Sheila Kerr, 'KGB Sources on the Cambridge Network of Soviet Agents: True or False', Intelligence and National Security, 11, 3 (1996), pp. 561-85
21. 'Oleg Tsarev's Synthetic KGB Gems', International Journal of Intelligence and Counter-Intelligence, 14, 1 (2001), pp. 89-116;
22. see Nigel West's rejoinder, 'No Dust on KGB Jewels', International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 14, 4 (2001-2002), pp. 589-92.
23. For recent examples of writing on women, gender and intelligence see Sandra C. Taylor, 'Long-Haired Women, Short-Haired Spies: Gender, Espionage, and America's War on Vietnam', Intelligence and National Security, 13, 2 (1998), pp. 61-70
24. Tammy M. Proctor, Female Intelligence: Women and Espionage in the First World War (New York and London: New York University Press, 2003); see also the journal, Minerva: Women and War published by Taylor & Francis. We are grateful to Jenny Mathers for this information.
25. Michael Smith, 'Bletchley Park and the Holocaust', this volume, pp. 111-21.
26. John Plamenatz (ed.), Machiavelli, The Prince, Selections from the Discourses and other Writings (London: Fontana/Collins, 1975), pp. 252-71.
27. Toni Erskine, '"As Rays of Light to the Human Soul"? Moral Agents and Intelligence Gathering', this volume, pp. 195-215.
28. Fry and Hochstein, 'Epistemic Communities', p. 14.
29. Stephen D. Krasner, 'Rethinking the Sovereign State Model', in Michael Cox, Tim Dunne and Ken Booth (eds), Empires, Systems and State: Great Transformations in International Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001). We are grateful to Tim Dunne for drawing our attention to this.
30. Andrew Rathmell, 'Towards Postmodern Intelligence', Intelligence and National Security, 17, 3 (2002), pp. 87-104. See also the work of James Der Derian who has written extensively on aspects of intelligence from a post-modern perspective. See, for example, his Antidiplomacy.
31. Bruce Berkowitz, 'Better Ways to Fix US Intelligence', Orbis (Fall 2001), pp. 615-17.
32. John Ferris, 'Netcentric Warfare, C4ISR and Information Operations: Towards a Revolution in Military Intelligence?', this volume, p. 64.
33. For constructivist approaches to IR see, for example, the essays in Peter J. Katzenstein (ed.), The Culture of National Security (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996)
34. Alexander Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
35. Hennessy, Secret State, p. xiii.
36. See also Lawrence Freedman, 'Powerful Intelligence', Intelligence and National Security, 12, 2 (1997), pp. 198-202.
37. Percy Cradock, Know Your Enemy: How the Joint Intelligence Committee Saw the World (London: John Murray, 2002).
38. Richard Norton-Taylor, 'Intelligence Heads Under Fire', The Guardian, 6 December 2003.
39. See William Wallace, 'Truth and Power, Monks and Technocrats: Theory and Practice in International Relations', Review of International Studies, 22, 3 (1996), pp. 301-21
40. replies: Ken Booth, 'A Reply to Wallace', Review of International Studies, 23, 3 (1997), pp. 371-7
41. Steve Smith 'Power and Truth: a Reply to William Wallace', Review of International Studies, 23, 4 (1997), pp. 507-16.
42. For scrutiny of the relationship between US academia and US intelligence see Robin Winks, Cloak and Gown: Scholars in the Secret War (New York: William Morrow, 1987).
43. Wolfgang Krieger, 'German Intelligence History: A Field in Search of Scholars', this volume, pp. 42-53.
44. Cradock, Know Your Enemy, p. 4.
45. Desmond Ball, 'Desperately Seeking Bin Laden: The Intelligence Dimension of the War Against Terrorism', in Ken Booth and Tim Booth (eds), Worlds in Collision: Terror and the Future of Global Order (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002), p. 60.
46. Sara-Jane Corkem, 'History, Historians and the Naming of Foreign Policy: A Postmodern Reflection on American Strategic Thinking during the Truman Administration', Intelligence and National Security, 16, 3 (2001), pp. 146-63.
47. See for example, John Barry, 'Covert Action can be Just', Orbis (Summer 1993), pp. 375-90;
48. Charles Beitz, 'Covert Intervention as a Moral Problem', Ethics and International Affairs, 3 (1989), pp. 45-60;
49. William Colby, 'Public Policy, Secret Action', Ethics and International Affairs, 3 (1989) pp. 61-71;
50. Gregory Treverton, 'Covert Action and Open Society', Foreign Affairs, 65, 5 (Summer 1987), pp. 995-1014;
51. idem, Covert Action: The Limits of Intervention in the Postwar World (New York: Basic Books, 1987)
52. idem, 'Imposing a Standard: Covert Action and American Democracy', Ethics and International Affairs, 3 (1989), pp. 27-43.
53. Michael Herman, 'Modern Intelligence Services: Have They a Place in Ethical Foreign Policies?', in Shukman, Agents for Change, pp. 287-311.
54. Shulsky, Silent Warfare, p. 187.
55. Max Weber, 'The Profession and Vocation of Politics', in Political Writings (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), p. 360.
56. See Herman, 'Ethics and Intelligence after September 11', pp. 180-94.
57. See Mark Urban, Big Boys' Rules: The SAS and the Secret Struggle against the IRA (London: Faber & Faber, 1992)
58. Peter Taylor, The Provos: The IRA and Sinn Fein (London: Bloomsbury, 1997)
59. idem, Brits: The War Against the IRA (London: Bloomsbury, 2001).
60. See Jeffrey Richelson, 'When Kindness Fails: Assassination as a National Security Option', International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 15, 2 (2002), pp. 243-74.
61. See Michael Miller, Shanghai on the Metro: Spies, Intrigue and the French (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1994), pp. 21-36.
62. On this question see Christopher Andrew, Secret Service: The Making of the British Intelligence Community (London: Sceptre, 1991) pp. 67-137
63. Nicholas P. Hiley, 'The Failure of British Espionage Against Germany, 1907-1914', Historical Journal, 26, 2 (1983), pp. 866-81.
64. J. Black, 'The Geopolitics of James Bond,' this volume, pp. 135-46.
65. N. West, 'Fiction, Faction and Intelligence,' this volume, pp. 122-34.
66. Wesley K. Wark (ed.), Spy Fiction, Spy Films and Real Intelligence (London: Frank Cass, 1991), p. 9.
67. Black, 'Geopolitics of James Bond', p. 144.
68. J. Patrick Dobel, 'The Honourable Spymaster: John Le Carré and the Character of Espionage', Administration and Society, 20, 2 (August 1988), p. 192. We are grateful to Hugh Burroughs for drawing our attention to this source.
69. Robert A. Goldberg, 'Who Profited from the Crime? Intelligence Failure, Conspiracy Theories and the Case of September 11', this volume, pp. 99-110.
70. James Der Derian, 'The CIA, Hollywood, and Sovereign Conspiracies,' Queen's Quarterly, 10, 2 (1993), p. 343.
71. See Tom Bower, The Perfect English Spy: Sir Dick White and the Secret War, 1935-1990 (London: Heinemann, 1995), p. 275 for the views of Sir Dick White, former Chief of SIS and Director-General of MI5, on Le Carré.
72. See, for example, Frances Stonor Saunders, Who Paid the Piper? The CIA and the Cultural Cold War (London: Granta Books, 1999)
73. Scott Lucas, Freedom's War: The US Crusade Against the Soviet Union, 1945-1956 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999)
74. Giles Scott-Smith and Hans Krabbendam (eds), The Cultural Cold War in Western Europe 1945-1960 Special Issue of Intelligence and National Security, 18, 2 (2003).
75. See, for example, the reflections in Bradford Westerfield, 'America and the World of Intelligence Liaison', Intelligence and National Security, 11, 2 (1996), pp. 523-60
76. Herman, Intelligence Power, pp. 100-112, 165-83, and Intelligence Services in the Information Age: Theory and Practice (London: Frank Cass, 2001).
77. Bradley Smith, Sharing Secrets with Stalin: How the Allies Traded Intelligence, 1941-1945 (Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1996);
78. Paul Maddrell, 'Operation Matchbox', forthcoming in Jennifer Siegel and Peter Jackson (eds), Intelligence and Statecraft (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004); Fursenko and Naftali, 'One Hell of a Gamble'.
79. Martin Alexander (ed.), Knowing One's Friends (London: Frank Cass, 1998).
80. Herman, Intelligence Power, pp. 200-219, Aldrich, 'British Intelligence and the Anglo-American "Special Relationship"'.
81. Roberta Wohlstetter, Pearl Harbor: Warning and Decision (Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 1962).
82. Herman, Intelligence Services, p. 228.