Improving the performance of hybrid photoanodes for water splitting by photodeposition of iridium oxide nanoparticles

Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Volumn 118, Issue 33, 2014, Pages 18951-18961

  Bledowski, Michal ^a   Wang, Lidong ^a   Neubert, Susann ^a   Mitoraj, Dariusz ^a   Beranek, Radim ^a  

^a RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTROLYTES; IRIDIUM; NANOPARTICLES; PHOTOOXIDATION; SOLAR ABSORBERS; TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS; ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS; GRAPHITIC CARBON NITRIDES; PHOTOCONVERSION EFFICIENCY; PHOTOCURRENT MEASUREMENT; PHOTOCURRENT TRANSIENTS; POTENTIODYNAMIC CONDITIONS; WATER PHOTO OXIDATIONS;

PH;

EID: 84906545130     PISSN: 19327447     EISSN: 19327455     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jp506434a     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Bard, A. J.; Fox, M. A. Artificial photosynthesis: solar splitting of water to hydrogen and oxygen Acc. Chem. Res. 1995, 28, 141-145
2. Lewis, N. S.; Nocera, D. G. Powering the planet: chemical challenges in solar energy utilization Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2006, 103, 15729-15735
3. Kamat, P. V.; Bisquert, J. Solar fuels. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 14873-14875
4. Faunce, T. A.; Lubitz, W.; Rutherford, A. W.; MacFarlane, D.; Moore, G. F.; Yang, P.; Nocera, D. G.; Moore, T. A.; Gregory, D. H.; Fukuzumi, S. Energy and environment policy case for a global project on artificial photosynthesis Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 695-698
5. Bard, A. J. Photoelectrochemistry Science 1980, 207, 139-144
6. Walter, M. G.; Warren, E. L.; McKone, J. R.; Boettcher, S. W.; Mi, Q.; Santori, E. A.; Lewis, N. S. Solar water splitting cells Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6446-6473
7. Prévot, M. S.; Sivula, K. Photoelectrochemical tandem cells for solar water splitting J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 17879-17893
8. Nozik, A. J. p-n photoelectrolysis cells Appl. Phys. Lett. 1976, 29, 150-153
9. Bolton, J. R.; Strickler, S. J.; Connolly, J. S. Limiting and realizable efficiencies of solar photolysis of water Nature 1985, 316, 495-500
10. Brillet, J.; Yum, J.-H.; Cornuz, M.; Hisatomi, T.; Solarska, R.; Augustynski, J.; Grätzel, M.; Sivula, K. Highly efficient water splitting by a dual-absorber tandem cell Nat. Photonics 2012, 6, 824-828
11. Hu, S.; Xiang, C.; Haussener, S.; Berger, A. D.; Lewis, N. S. An analysis of the optimal band gaps of light absorbers in integrated tandem photoelectrochemical water-splitting systems Energy Environ. Sci. 2013, 6, 2984-2993
12. Bornoz, P.; Abdi, F. F.; Tilley, S. D.; Dam, B.; van de Krol, R.; Grätzel, M.; Sivula, K. A bismuth vanadate-cuprous oxide tandem cell for overall solar water splitting J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 16959-16966
13. Paracchino, A.; Laporte, V.; Sivula, K.; Grätzel, M.; Thimsen, E. Highly active oxide photocathode for photoelectrochemical water reduction Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 456-461
14. Hou, Y.; Abrams, B. L.; Vesborg, P. C. K.; Bjoerketun, M. E.; Herbst, K.; Bech, L.; Setti, A. M.; Damsgaard, C. D.; Pedersen, T.; Hansen, O. Bioinspired molecular co-catalysts bonded to a silicon photocathode for solar hydrogen evolution Nat. Mater. 2011, 10, 434-438
15. 2 evolution J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 1057-1064
16. 2 production to a visible-light-absorbing semiconductor J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 11861-11868
17. Dau, H.; Limberg, C.; Reier, T.; Risch, M.; Roggan, S.; Strasser, P. The mechanism of water oxidation: from electrolysis via homogeneous to biological catalysis ChemCatChem 2010, 2, 724-761
18. 3 photoanodes Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 7980-7983
19. 3 thin films fabricated by reactive magnetron sputtering Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2011, 36, 4724-4731
20. 3 photoanodes J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 14947-14957
21. Sartoretti, C. J.; Alexander, B. D.; Solarska, R.; Rutkowska, I. A.; Augustynski, J.; Cerny, R. Photoelectrochemical oxidation of water at transparent ferric oxide film electrodes J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 13685-13692
22. 3 films J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 15714-15721
23. 3 photoanodes: a study by photoelectrochemical impedance spectroscopy Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 5264-5270
24. 3) photoelectrodes ChemSusChem 2011, 4, 432-449
25. 4 fine particles prepared in an aqueous acetic acid solution J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 7536-7542
26. 4 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 18370-18377
27. 4 thin film photoanodes modified with cobalt phosphate catalyst and W-doping ChemCatChem 2013, 5, 490-496
28. 4 photoanodes J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 9398-9404
29. Seabold, J. A.; Choi, K.-S. Efficient and stable photo-oxidation of water by a bismuth vanadate photoanode coupled with an iron oxyhydroxide oxygen evolution catalyst J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 2186-2192
30. 4 photoelectrodes Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 6499-6507
31. Abdi, F. F.; Han, L.; Smets, A. H. M.; Zeman, M.; Dam, B.; van de Krol, R. Efficient solar water splitting by enhanced charge separation in a bismuth vanadate-silicon tandem photoelectrode Nat. Commun. 2013, 4 (2195) 1-7
32. Chen, L.; Alarcón-Lladó, E.; Hettick, M.; Sharp, I. D.; Lin, Y.; Javey, A.; Ager, J. W. Reactive sputtering of bismuth vanadate photoanodes for solar water splitting J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 21635-21642
33. 4 photoanodes for solar water oxidation Energy Environ. Sci. 2014, 7, 1402-1408
34. 4, a promising photoanode for water oxidation J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 7651-7660
35. 4 for photoelectrochemical water oxidation J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 8708-8718
36. 4 in photoelectrochemical water oxidation is dictated by a midgap electronic state J. Phys. Chem. C 2013, 117, 24726-24732
37. Tilley, S. D.; Cornuz, M.; Sivula, K.; Grätzel, M. Light-induced water splitting with hematite: improved nanostructure and iridium oxide catalysis Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 6405-6408
38. 3 composite photoanodes: oxygen evolution and resolution of a kinetic bottleneck J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 4202-4207
39. Youngblood, W. J.; Lee, S.-H. A.; Kobayashi, Y.; Hernandez-Pagan, E. A.; Hoertz, P. G.; Moore, T. A.; Moore, A. L.; Gust, D.; Mallouk, T. E. Photoassisted overall water splitting in a visible light-absorbing dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cell J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 926-927
40. Youngblood, W. J.; Lee, S.-H. A.; Maeda, K.; Mallouk, T. E. Visible light water splitting using dye-sensitized oxide semiconductors Acc. Chem. Res. 2009, 42, 1966-1973
41. Moore, G. F.; Blakemore, J. D.; Milot, R. L.; Hull, J. F.; Song, H.-e.; Cai, L.; Schmuttenmaer, C. A.; Crabtree, R. H.; Brudvig, G. W. A visible light water-splitting cell with a photoanode formed by codeposition of a high-potential porphyrin and an iridium water-oxidation catalyst Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 2389-2392
42. Zhao, Y.; Swierk, J. R.; Megiatto, J. D.; Sherman, B.; Youngblood, W. J.; Qin, D.; Lentz, D. M.; Moore, A. L.; Moore, T. A.; Gust, D. Improving the efficiency of water splitting in dye-sensitized solar cells by using a biomimetic electron transfer mediator Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2012, 109, 15612-15616
43. Swierk, J. R.; Mallouk, T. E. Design and development of photoanodes for water-splitting dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 2357-2387
44. 2 nanoparticle catalysts in water-splitting dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells J. Phys. Chem. C 2014, 118, 17046-17053
45. Kavan, L.; Grätzel, M.; Gilbert, S. E.; Klemenz, C.; Scheel, H. J. Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical investigation of single-crystal anatase J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 6716-6723
46. 2-based nanomaterials Adv. Phys. Chem. 2011, 1-20 10.1155/2011/786759
47. Tributsch, H. Nanocomposite solar cells: the requirement and challenge of kinetic charge separation J. Solid State Electrochem. 2009, 13, 1127-1140
48. 2-polyheptazine hybrids: evidence for interfacial charge-transfer absorption Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 21511-21519
49. x) cocatalyst ChemPhysChem 2012, 13, 3018-3024
50. 2-polyheptazine hybrid photoanodes: Effect of cocatalysts and external bias on visible light-driven water splitting J. Mater. Res. 2013, 28, 411-417
51. 2-polyheptazine hybrid photoanodes for visible light-driven water splitting J. Electrochem. Soc. 2012, 159, H616-H622
52. 2-polyheptazine hybrids Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2013, 117, 48-53
53. Tseung, A. C. C.; Jasem, S. Oxygen evolution on semiconducting oxides Electrochim. Acta 1977, 22, 31-34
54. Kiwi, J.; Grätzel, M. Oxygen evolution from water via redox catalysis Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1978, 17, 860-861
55. Harriman, A.; Pickering, I. J.; Thomas, J. M.; Christensen, P. A. Metal oxides as heterogeneous catalysts for oxygen evolution under photochemical conditions J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1988, 84, 2795-2806
56. x nanoparticle film J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 12958-12961
57. Blakemore, J. D.; Schley, N. D.; Olack, G. W.; Incarvito, C. D.; Brudvig, G. W.; Crabtree, R. H. Anodic deposition of a robust iridium-based water-oxidation catalyst from organometallic precursors Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 94-98
58. Zhao, Y.; Hernandez-Pagan, E. A.; Vargas-Barbosa, N. M.; Dysart, J. L.; Mallouk, T. E. A high yield synthesis of ligand-free iridium oxide nanoparticles with high electrocatalytic activity J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2011, 2, 402-406
59. Blakemore, J. D.; Schley, N. D.; Kushner-Lenhoff, M. N.; Winter, A. M.; D'Souza, F.; Crabtree, R. H.; Brudvig, G. W. Comparison of amorphous iridium water-oxidation electrocatalysts prepared from soluble precursors Inorg. Chem. 2012, 51, 7749-7763
60. Kushner-Lenhoff, M. N.; Blakemore, J. D.; Schley, N. D.; Crabtree, R. H.; Brudvig, G. W. Effects of aqueous buffers on electrocatalytic water oxidation with an iridium oxide material electrodeposited in thin layers from an organometallic precursor Dalton Trans. 2013, 42, 3617-3622
61. 2+ Science 2008, 321, 1072-1075
62. 2N as a water-splitting photoanode with a wide visible-light absorption band J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 12334-12337
63. Zhao, Y.; Vargas-Barbosa, N. M.; Hernandez-Pagan, E. A.; Mallouk, T. E. Anodic deposition of colloidal iridium oxide thin films from hexahydroxyiridate(IV) solutions Small 2011, 7, 2087-2093
64. Masuda, H.; Yoshino, T.; Arai, K.; Baba, N. Photoelectrochemical deposition of iridium oxide thin films Hyomen Kagaku 1991, 12, 641-643
65. Iwase, A.; Kato, H.; Kudo, A. A novel photodeposition method in the presence of nitrate ions for loading of an iridium oxide cocatalyst for water splitting Chem. Lett. 2005, 34, 946-947
66. Hintermair, U.; Hashmi, S. M.; Elimelech, M.; Crabtree, R. H. Particle formation during oxidation catalysis with Cp* iridium complexes J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 9785-9795
67. Fine, D. A. Spontaneous reduction of hexachloroiridate(IV) in aqueous solution Inorg. Chem. 1969, 8, 1014-1016
68. Van Loon, G.; Page, J. A. The chemistry of iridium in basic aqueous solution. A polarographic study Can. J. Chem. 1966, 44, 515-520
69. Nahor, G. S.; Neta, P.; Hambright, P.; Thompson, A. N.; Harriman, A. Metalloporphyrin-sensitized photooxidation of water to oxygen on the surface of colloidal iridium oxides: photochemical and pulse radiolytic studies J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 6181-6187
70. 2 nanocrystals under visible and UV light J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 7264-7267
71. Abrantes, L. M.; Peter, L. M. Transient photocurrents at passive iron electrodes J. Electroanal. Chem. Interface Electrochem. 1983, 150, 593-601
72. Peter, L. M. Dynamic aspects of semiconductor photoelectrochemistry Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 753-769
73. Gärtner, W. W. Depletion layer photoeffects in semiconductors Phys. Rev. 1959, 116, 84-87
74. 2 film electrodes J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994, 2277-2278
75. Berger, T.; Monllor-Satoca, D.; Jankulovska, M.; Lana-Villarreal, T.; Gómez, R. The electrochemistry of nanostructured titanium dioxide electrodes ChemPhysChem 2012, 13, 2824-2875
76. Bard, A. J. Design of semiconductor photoelectrochemical systems for solar energy conversion J. Phys. Chem. 1982, 86, 172-177
77. Hodes, G.; Howell, I. D. J.; Peter, L. M. Nanocrystalline photoelectrochemical cells. A new concept in photovoltaic cells J. Electrochem. Soc. 1992, 139, 3136-3140
78. Kelly, J. J.; Vanmaekelbergh, D. Charge carrier dynamics in nanoporous photoelectrodes Electrochim. Acta 1998, 43, 2773-2780
79. Barnes, P. R. F.; Miettunen, K.; Li, X.; Anderson, A. Y.; Bessho, T.; Grätzel, M.; O'Regan, B. C. Interpretation of optoelectronic transient and charge extraction measurements in dye-sensitized solar cells Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 1881-1922
80. Surendranath, Y.; Kanan, M. W.; Nocera, D. G. Mechanistic studies of the oxygen evolution reaction by a cobalt-phosphate catalyst at neutral pH J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 16501-16509
81. Gerken, J. B.; Landis, E. C.; Hamers, R. J.; Stahl, S. S. Fluoride-modulated cobalt catalysts for electrochemical oxidation of water under non-alkaline conditions ChemSusChem 2010, 3, 1176-1179
82. Owe, L.-E.; Tsypkin, M.; Sunde, S. The effect of phosphate on iridium oxide electrochemistry Electrochim. Acta 2011, 58, 231-237
83. Pourbaix, M. J. N. Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibriums in Aqueous Solutions; Natl. Assoc. Corrosion Engs.: Houston, TX, 1974.
84. Minguzzi, A.; Fan, F.-R. F.; Vertova, A.; Rondinini, S.; Bard, A. J. Dynamic potential-pH diagrams application to electrocatalysts for water oxidation Chem. Sci. 2012, 3, 217-229
85. Lin, F.; Boettcher, S. W. Adaptive semiconductor/electrocatalyst junctions in water-splitting photoanodes Nat. Mater. 2014, 13, 81-86