Cumulative inequality and racial disparities in health: Private insurance coverage and black/white differences in functional limitations

Journals of Gerontology - Series B Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences

Volumn 69, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 798-808

  Kail, Ben Lennox ^a   Taylor, Miles G ^b  

^a GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cumulative inequality; Functional limitations; Insurance; Private insurance

Indexed keywords

AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; CUMULATIVE INEQUALITY; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; ECONOMICS; ETHNOLOGY; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS; HEALTH DISPARITY; HEALTH INSURANCE; HISPANIC; HUMAN; INSURANCE; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICARE; PRIVATE INSURANCE.; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SOCIOECONOMICS; UNITED STATES; VERY ELDERLY;

CUMULATIVE INEQUALITY; FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS; INSURANCE; PRIVATE INSURANCE.;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; AFRICAN AMERICANS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HISPANIC AMERICANS; HUMANS; INSURANCE COVERAGE; INSURANCE, HEALTH; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MEDICARE; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84906273567     PISSN: 10795014     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbu005     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Blau, D., & Gilleskie, D. (2008). The role of retiree health insurance in the employment behavior of older men. International Economic Review, 49, 475-514. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2354.2008.00487.x
2. Burbidge, J., Magee, L., & Robb, A. (1988). Alternative transformations to handle extreme values of the dependent variable. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83, 123-127. doi:10.2307/2288929
3. Burstin, H., Swartz, K., ONeil, A., Orav, E., & Brennan, T. (1998). The effect of change of health insurance on access to care. Inquiry- Excellus Health Plan, 35, 389-397.
4. DeNavas-Walt, C., Proctor, B., & Smith, J. (2011). U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P60-239. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
5. Dor, A., Sudano, J., & Baker, D. W. (2006). The effect of private insurance on the health of older, working age adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study. Health Services Research, 41, 759-787. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00513.x
6. Farmer, M. M., & Ferraro, K. F. (2005). Are racial disparities in health conditional on socioeconomic status? Social Science & Medicine (1982), 60, 191-204. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.04.026
7. Ferraro, K. (2011). Health and aging: Early origins, persistent inequalities? In R. Settersten & J. Angel (Eds.), Handbook of sociology of aging (pp. 465-475). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7374-0-29
8. Ferraro, K. F., & Shippee, T. P. (2009). Aging and cumulative inequality: How does inequality get under the skin? The Gerontologist, 49, 333-343. doi:10.1093/geront/gnp034
9. Ferraro, K., Shippee, T., & Schafer, M. (2009). Cumulative inequality theory for research on aging and the life course. In V. Bengtson, D. Gans, N. Putney, & M. Silverstein (Eds.), Handbook of theories of aging (2nd ed., pp. 413-433). New York, NY: Springer Publishing.
10. Fries, J. F. (1980). Aging, natural death, and the compression of morbidity. The New England Journal of Medicine, 303, 130-135. doi:10.1056/NEJM198007173030304
11. Gale, W., & Pence, K. (2006). Are successive generations getting wealthier, and if so, why? Evidence from the 1990s. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1, 155-234. doi:10.1353/eca.2006.0017
12. Gayman, M., Turner, R., & Cui, M. (2008). Physical limitations and depressive symptoms: Exploring the nature of the association. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 63, 219-228. doi:10.1093/ geronb/63.4.S219
13. Gould, E., & Hertel-Fernandez, A. (2010). Early retiree and near-elderly health insurance in recession. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 22, 172-187. doi:10.1080/08959421003620996
14. Haas, S., & Rohlfsen, L. (2010). Life course determinants of racial and ethnic disparities in functional health trajectories. Social Science and Medicine, 70, 240-250. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.003
15. Health and Retirement Study. (2008). Public use dataset. Ann Arbor, MI: Produced and Distributed by the University of Michigan with Funding from the National Institute on Aging (Grant Number NIA U01AG009740).
16. Herd, P., Goesling, B., & House, J. S. (2007). Socioeconomic position and health: The differential effects of education versus income on the onset versus progression of health problems. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 48, 223-238. doi:10.1177/002214650704800302
17. Jette, A. M. (1980). Functional Status Index: Reliability of a chronic disease evaluation instrument. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 61, 395-401.
18. Jette, A. M., & Deniston, O. L. (1978). Inter-observer reliability of a functional status assessment instrument. Journal of Chronic Diseases, 31, 573-580. doi:10.1016/0021-9681(78)90017-6
19. Johnson, R. (2006). Health insurance coverage and costs at older ages: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. Washington, DC: AARP Public Policy Institute.
20. Juster, F., & Suzman, R. (1995). An overview of the Health and Retirement Study. Journal of Human Resources, 30, 7-56. doi:10.2307/146277
21. Kail, B. L. (2012). Coverage or costs: The role of health insurance in labor market reentry among early retirees. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 67, 113-120. doi:10.1093/geronb/ gbr130
22. Kalleberg, A., Reskin, B., & Hudson, K. (2000). Bad jobs in America: Standard and nonstandard employment relations and job quality in the United States. American Sociological Review, 65, 256-227. doi:10.2307/2657440
23. Katz, S., Downs, T. D., Cash, H. R., & Grotz, R. C. (1970). Progress in development of the index of ADL. The Gerontologist, 10, 20-30. doi:10.1093/geront/10.1-Part-1.20
24. Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of illness in the aged. The index of ADL: A standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 185, 914-919. doi:10.1001/ jama.1963.03060120024016
25. Kelley-Moore, J. A., & Ferraro, K. F. (2004). The black/white disability gap: Persistent inequality in later life? The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 59, 34-43. doi:10.1093/geronb/59.1.S34
26. Landerman, L., Fillenbaum, G., Pieper, C., Maddox, G., Gold, D., & Guralnik, J. (1998). Private Health Insurance Coverage and Disability among older Americans. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 53, 258-266. doi:10.1093/geronb/53B.5.S258
27. Lillie-Blanton, M., & Hoffman, C. (2005). The role of health insurance coverage in reducing racial/ethnic disparities in health care. Health Affairs (Project Hope), 24, 398-408. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.24.2.398
28. Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. (1995). Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 35, 80-94. doi:10.2307/2626958
29. Muthén, B., & Masyn, K. (2005). Discrete-time survival mixture analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 30, 27-58. doi:10.3102/10769986030001027
30. National Institute on Aging. (2007). The Health & Retirement Study: Growing older in America (NIH Publication No. 07-5757). Retrieved from http:// www.nia.nih.gov/sites/default/files/health-and-retirement-study.pdf
31. Newburger, E., & Curry, A. (2000). Educational attainment in the United States: March 1999. US Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Series P20-528. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/ prod/2000pubs/p20-528.pdf.
32. Oliver, M., & Shapiro, T. (2006). Black wealth/White wealth. New York, NY: Taylor and Francis.
33. Pol, L., Mueller, K., & Adidam, P. (2002). Racial and ethnic differences in health insurance for the near elderly. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 13, 229-240. doi:10.1353/hpu.2010.0543
34. Porell, F. W., & Miltiades, H. B. (2001). Access to care and functional status change among aged Medicare beneficiaries. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 56, 69-83. doi:10.1093/geronb/56.2.S69
35. Quesnel-Vallée, A. (2004). Is it really worse to have public health insurance than to have no insurance at all? Health insurance and adult health in the United States. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 45, 376-392. doi:10.1177/002214650404500402
36. RAND Center for the Study of Aging. (2008). RAND HRS data, Version H. Santa Monica, CA: With Funding From the National Institute on Aging and the Social Security Administration.
37. Saver, B. G., & Doescher, M. P. (2000). To buy, or not to buy: Factors associated with the purchase of nongroup, private health insurance. Medical Care, 38, 141-151. doi:10.1097/00005650-200002000-00004
38. Saver, B., Doescher, M., Symons, J., Wright, G., & Andrilla, C. (2003). Racial and ethnic disparities in the purchase of nongroup health insurance: The roles of community and family-level factors. Health Services Research, 8(1p1), 211-231. doi:10.1111/1475-6773.00113
39. Seeman, T., Merkin, S., Crimmins, E., & Karlamangla, A. (2010). Disability trends among older Americans: National health and nutrition examination surveys, 1988-1994 and 1999-2004. Journal Information, 100, 100-107. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.157388
40. Singer, J., & Willett, J. (1993). It's about time: Using discrete-time survival analysis to study duration and the timing of events. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 18, 155-195. doi:10.2307/1165085
41. Smith, J. P., & Kington, R. (1997). Demographic and economic correlates of health in old age. Demography, 34, 159-170. doi:10.2307/2061665
42. Taylor, M. (2008). Timing, accumulation, and the Black/White disability gap in later life. Research on Aging, 30, 226-250. doi:10.1177/0164027507311838
43. Taylor, M. (2010). Capturing transitions and trajectories: The role of socioeconomic status in later life disability. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 65, 733-743. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbq018
44. Taylor, M. (2011). The causal pathway from socioeconomic status to disability trajectories in later life: The importance of mediating mechanisms for onset and accumulation. Research on Aging, 33, 84-108. doi:10.1177/ 0164027510385011
45. Turner, R. J., & Noh, S. (1988). Physical disability and depression: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 29, 23-37. doi:10.2307/2137178
46. Weinick, R., Zuvekas, S., & Cohen, J. (2000). Racial and ethnic differences in access to and use of health care services, 1977 to 1996. Medical Care Research and Review, 57, 36-54. doi:10.1177/107755800773743592
47. Williams, D. R., & Sternthal, M. (2010). Understanding racialethnic disparities in health: Sociological contributions. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(Suppl), S15-S27. doi:10.1177/0022146510383838
48. Yorgason, J., Booth, A., & Johnson, D. (2008). Health, disability, and marital quality: Is the association different for younger versus older cohorts? Research on Aging, 30, 623-648. doi:10.1177/0164027508322570
49. Zimmer, Z., & House, J. S. (2003). Education, income, and functional limitation transitions among American adults: Contrasting onset and progression. International Journal of Epidemiology, 32, 1089-1097. doi:10.1093/ije/dyg254
50. Zuvekas, S. H., & Taliaferro, G. S. (2003). Pathways to access: Health insurance, the health care delivery system, and racial/ethnic disparities, 1996-1999. Health Affairs (Project Hope), 22, 139-153. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.22.2.139