Terse message amplification in the Boston bombing response

ISCRAM 2014 Conference Proceedings - 11th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management

Volumn , Issue , 2014, Pages 612-621

  Sutton, Jeannette ^a   Spiro, Emma S ^b   Fitzhugh, Sean ^b   Johnson, Britta ^a   Gibson, Ben ^b   Butts, Carter T ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Boston marathon bombing; Message amplification; Public information; Terrorism; Terse messaging; Twitter

Indexed keywords

INFORMATION SYSTEMS; TERRORISM;

COUNTER-TERRORISM OPERATIONS; CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION; IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES; NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS; PUBLIC INFORMATION; TERSE MESSAGING; TWITTER; URBAN ENVIRONMENTS;

INFORMATION MANAGEMENT;

EID: 84905814389     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (43)

1. Averill, J. D., D. S. Mileti, R. D. Peacock, E. D. Kuligowski, N. Groner, G. Proulx, P. A. Reneke, and H. E. Nelson. (2007). Federal building and fire safety investigation of the World Trade Center disaster: Occupant behavior, egress, and emergency communications. NIST NCSTAR 1-7.
2. Banks, W. C., De Nevers, R., and Wallerstein, M. B. (2007). Combating terrorism: Strategies and approaches. Washington D. C.: CQ Press.
3. Baum, A. (1991). Toxins, technology, and natural disasters (97-139). Stress and Coping: An Anthology (3d Edt. ). Columbia University Press: New York, NY.
4. Bean, H., Fisher, B., Madden, S., Mileti, D., Sutton, J., and Wood, M. (2013). Hazards and protective actions sequence matrix: Comprehensive testing of imminent threat public messages for mobile devices. College Park, MD: National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Response to Terrorism, Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Center of Excellence, University of Maryland.
5. Bruns, A., and Burgess, J. E. (2011). The use of Twitter hashtags in the formation of ad hoc publics. In 6th European Consortium for Political Research General Conference, 25-27 August 2011, University of Iceland, Reykjavik
6. Cheong, M. &Lee, V. C. S. (2010). A microblogging-based approach to terrorism informatics: Exploration and chronicling civilian sentiment and response to terrorism events via Twitter. Information Systems Frontiers. 13(1), 45-59.
7. Chuck, E. (2013, April 19). Tweeting police chatter creates confusion over Boston suspect. U. S. News. Retrieved from http://usnews. nbcnews. com/
8. Covello, V., Becker, S., Palenchar, M., Renn, O., Sellke, P. (2010). Effective risk communications for the counter improvised explosive devices threat: Communication guidance for local leaders responding to the threat posed by IEDs and terrorism. Burlington, MA: The U. S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Human Factors/Behavioral Sciences Division.
9. Department of Homeland Security. (2008). National Incident Management System (FEMA Publication P-501). Washington, D. C.: U. S. Department of Homeland Security.
10. Department of Homeland Security. (2004). National Incident Management System (FEMA Publication). Washington, D. C.: U. S. Department of Homeland Security.
11. Department of Homeland Security. (2004). National Response Plan (Terrorism Incident Law Enforcement and Investigation Annex TER 1-14). Washington, D. C.: U. S. Department of Homeland Security.
12. Dynes, R. R., and Tierney, K. J. (Eds. ). (1994). Disasters, collective behavior, and social organization (p. 130). Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press.
13. Drabek, T. E. (1999). Understanding disaster warning responses. The Social Science Journal, 36(3), 515-523.
14. Gaudin, S. (2013, April 19). Update: Boston police use Twitter to inform residents during manhunt. Computerworld. Retrieved from http://www. computerworld. com/
15. Gerber BJ, Ducatman A, Fischer M, Althouse R, Scotti JR (2006). The Potential for an uncontrolled mass evacuation of the DC Metro area following a terrorist attack: A report of survey findings. Report presented to Secretary James W. Spears, West Virginia Department of Military Affairs and Public Safety. West Virginia University: Morgantown, WV. www. hsp. wvu. edu/r/download/20487
16. Heath, R. L., and O'Hair, H. D. (2009). The significance of crisis in risk communication. Handbook of Risk and Crisis Communication (pp 5-31). New York, NY: Taylor and Francis Group.
17. Heverin, T., and Zach, L. (2010). Twitter for city police department information sharing. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 47(1), 1-7.
18. Jarvis, E. (2013, May 28). @Boston-Police-CTO John Daley talks Twitter and the bombings [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www. govloop. com/
19. Kaufman, L. (2013, April 28). Bombing trip up Reddit in its turn in spotlight. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www. nytimes. com/
20. Keeney, R. L., and Winterfeldt, D. (1986). Improving risk communication. Risk analysis, 6(4), 417-424.
21. Lindell, M. K. (1987). Warning mechanisms in emergency response systems. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 5(2), 137-53.
22. Marshall, R. D., Bryant, R. A., Amsel, L., Suh, E. J., Cook, J. M., and Neria, Y. (2007). The psychology of ongoing threat: relative risk appraisal, the September 11 attacks, and terrorism-related fears. American Psychologist,62(4), 304.
23. Mayhorn, C. B., and McLaughlin, A. C. (2012). Warning the world of extreme events: A global perspective on risk communication for natural and technological disaster. Safety Science.
24. Mileti, D. S., and Fitzpatrick, C. (1992). The causal sequence of risk communication in the Parkfield earthquake prediction experiment. Risk Analysis, 12(3), 393-400.
25. Mileti, D. S., and Sorensen, J. H. (1990). Communication of emergency public warnings: A social science perspective and state-of-The-art assessment. Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U. S. Department of Energy.
26. National Commission On Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. (2004). The 9/11 Commission Report: final report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States. New York, NY: WW Norton and Company.
27. National Science and Technology Council. (2008). Research challenges in combating terrorist use of explosives in the United States. Washington, D. C.: Executive Office of the President, National Science and Technology Council, Subcommittee on Domestic Improvised Explosive Devices.
28. Oh, O., Agrawal, M., &Rao, H. R. (2010). Information control and terrorism: Tracking the Mumbai terrorist attack through twitter. Information Systems Frontiers, 13(1), 1-11.
29. Protalinski, Emil. (2013) "Twitter launches alerts service in the US, Japan, and Korea to keep users informed during emergencies. http://thenextweb. com/twitter/2013/09/25/twitter-launches-alerts-service-in- The-us-japanand-korea-to-keep-users-informed-during-emergencies. Retrieved on 10/31/2013.
30. Quarantelli, E. L. (1982). "What is a disaster? An agent specific or an all disaster spectrum approach to sociobehavioral aspects of earthquakes?" in B. Jones &M. Tomazevic (Eds. ) Social and economic aspects of earthquake. Ithaca, NY: Institute for Testing and Research in Materials and structures and Program in Urban and rEgional Studies, Cornell University.
31. Ngowi, R. (2013, April 18). Teen stunned at portrayal as Boston bombing suspect. CBS News. Retrieved from http://www. cbsnews. com/8301-201-162- 57580370/
32. Sattler, D. N. (2003). Resiliency, posttraumatic growth, and psychological distress after the attacks on America. Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research, 315-332.
33. Seeger, M. W. and Sellnow, T. L. (2013). Theorizing crisis. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
34. Sellnow, T. L., Ulmer, R. R., Seeger, M. W., and Littlefield, R. S. (2009). Effective risk communication: A message-centered approach. New York, NY: Springer Science and Business Media, LLC.
35. Sellnow, T. L., Sellnow, D. D., Lane, D. R., and Littlefield, R. S. (2012). The value of instructional communication in crisis situations: Restoring order to chaos. Risk Analysis, 32(4), 633-643.
36. Sorensen, J. H. (2000). Hazard warning systems: Review of 20 years of progress. Natural Hazards Review, 1(2), 119-125.
37. Spiro, E., Sutton, J., Johnson, B., and Butts, C. (2013). Following the bombing [Online Research Highlight]. Retrieved from http://heroicproject. org
38. Sutton, J., Spiro E., Johnson, B., Fitzhugh, S., Gibson, B., and Butts, C. (2013) Warning tweets: serial transmission of messages during the warning phase of a disaster event. Information, Communication &Society. 1-23.
39. Updegraff, J. A., and Taylor, S. E. (2000). From vulnerability to growth: Positive and negative effects of stressful life events. Miller (Eds. ), Loss and Trauma: General and Close Relationship Perspectives, 3-28.
40. Wasserman, S. and Faust, K. (1994). Social network analysis: Methods and applications (Vol. 8). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
41. White, H. C., Boorman, S. A., and Breiger, R. L. (1976). Social structure from multiple networks: Blockmodels of roles and positions. American journal of sociology, 730-780.
42. Veil, S. R., and Ojeda, F. (2010). Establishing media partnerships in crisis response. Communication Studies, 61(4), 412-429.
43. Venette, S. J., Veil, S. R., and Sellnow, T. L. (2005). Essential communication resources for combating bioterrorism: Some practical and generalizable recommendations. Communication Research Reports, 22(1), 29-37.