The epidemiology and aetiology of infections in children admitted with clinical severe pneumonia to a university hospital in Rabat, Morocco

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

Volumn 60, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 270-278

  Jroundi, Imane ^a,b   Mahraoui, Chafiq ^c   Benmessaoud, Rachid ^a   Moraleda, Cinta ^a   Tligui, Houssain ^c   Seffar, Myriam ^c   Kettani, Selma Cherif ^c   Benjelloun, Badr Sououd ^c   Chaacho, Saad ^a,c   Maaroufi, Abderrahman ^b   Hayes, Edward B ^a   Álvarez Martínez, Míriam J ^a   Muñoz Almagro, Carmen ^d   Ruiz, Joaquim ^a   Alonso, Pedro L ^a   Bassat, Quique ^a  

^a CENTRE FOR RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY CREAL   (Spain)

^b Ministry of Health Morocco   (Morocco)

^c IBN SINA HOSPITAL   (Morocco)

^d HOSPITAL SANT JOAN DE DÉU   (Spain)

Author keywords

Acute respiratory infections; Bacterial diseases; Diagnostics; Epidemiology; Paediatrics; Respiratory viruses

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B VACCINE; PNEUMOCOCCUS VACCINE;

ADENOVIRUS; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; BRONCHIOLITIS; BRONCHITIS; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; FEMALE; HAEMOPHILUS INFECTION; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MOROCCO; MORTALITY; PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTION; PNEUMONIA; RESPIRATORY DISTRESS; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL PNEUMOVIRUS; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; RHINOVIRUS; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; VIRUS DETECTION; WHEEZING; ACUTE DISEASE; ADENOVIRIDAE; HEALTH SURVEY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; NASOPHARYNX; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RESPIRATORY SOUNDS; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; VIROLOGY;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADENOVIRIDAE; BRONCHIOLITIS; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HOSPITALS, UNIVERSITY; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; MOROCCO; NASOPHARYNX; PNEUMONIA; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; RESPIRATORY SOUNDS; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUSES; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; RHINOVIRUS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 84905445292     PISSN: 01426338     EISSN: 14653664     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmu010     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Liu L, Johnson HL, Cousens S, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality: an updated systematic analysis for 2010 with time trends since 2000. Lancet 2012;379:2151-61.
2. O'Brien KL, Wolfson LJ, Watt JP, et al. Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 2009;374:893-902.
3. Watt JP, Wolfson LJ, O'Brien KL, et al. Burden of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 2009;374:903-11.
4. Obaro SK, Madhi SA. Bacterial pneumonia vaccines and childhood pneumonia: are we winning, refining, or redefining? Lancet Infect Dis 2006;6:150-61.
5. Nair H, Nokes DJ, Gessner BD, et al. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010;375:1545-55.
6. Falade AG, Ayede AI. Epidemiology, aetiology and management of childhood acute community-acquired pneumonia in developing countries-a review. Afr J Med Med Sci 2011;40:293-308.
7. Mulholland EK, Simoes EA, Costales MO, et al. Standardized diagnosis of pneumonia in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1992;11:77-81.
8. World Health Organization. Pocket Book For Hospital Care of Children: Guidelines for the Management of Common Illness With Limited Resources Geneva: WHO, 2005.
9. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10). 2010. http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en (May 2013, date last accessed).
10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC growth charts. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/(May 2013, date last accessed).
11. Corless CE, Guiver M, Borrow R, et al. Simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in suspected cases of meningitis and septicemia using real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:1553-8.
12. Selva L, Krauel X, Pallares R, et al. Easy diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal disease. Emerg Infect Dis 2011; 17:1125-7.
13. Tarrago D, Fenoll A, Sanchez-Tatay D, et al. Identification of pneumococcal serotypes from culture- negative clinical specimens by novel real-time PCR. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008;14:828-34.
14. Cherian T, Mulholland EK, Carlin JB, et al. Standardized interpretation of paediatric chest radiographs for the diagnosis of pneumonia in epidemiological studies. Bull World Health Organ 2005;83:353-9.
15. Jroundi I, Benmessaoud R, Mahraoui C, et al. Antibiotic usage prior and during hospitalization for clinical severe pneumonia in children under five years of age in Rabat, Morocco. Antibiotics 2013;2:450-64.
16. Nair H, Simoes EA, Rudan I, et al. Global and regional burden of hospital admissions for severe acute lower respiratory infections in young children in 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet 2013;381:1380-90.
17. Ayieko P, Okiro EA, Edwards T, et al. Variations in mortality in children admitted with pneumonia to Kenyan hospitals. PloS One 2012;7:e47622.
18. Prayle A, Atkinson M, Smyth A. Pneumonia in the developed world. Paediatr Respir Rev 2011;12:60-9.
19. Lynch T, Bialy L, Kellner JD, et al. A systematic review on the diagnosis of pediatric bacterial pneumonia: when gold is bronze. PloS One 2010;5:e11989.
20. Munoz-Almagro C, Gala S, Selva L, et al. DNA bacterial load in children and adolescents with pneumococcal pneumonia and empyema. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2011;30:327-35.
21. Carrol ED, Mankhambo LA, Guiver M, et al. PCR improves diagnostic yield from lung aspiration in Malawian children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia. PloS One 2011;6:e21042.
22. Sacchi CT, Fukasawa LO, Goncalves MG, et al. Incorporation of real-time PCR into routine public health surveillance of culture negative bacterial meningitis in Sao Paulo, Brazil. PloS One 2011;6: e20675.
23. El Mdaghri N, Jilali N, Belabbes H, et al. Epidemiological profile of invasive bacterial diseases in children in Casablanca, Morocco: antimicrobial susceptibilities and serotype distribution. East Mediterr Health J 2012;18:1097-11.
24. Caracciolo S, Minini C, Colombrita D, et al. Human metapneumovirus infection in young children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract disease: virologic and clinical features. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008;27: 406-12.
25. Ruuskanen O, Lahti E, Jennings LC, et al. Viral pneumonia. Lancet 2011;377:1264-75.
26. van den Bergh MR, Biesbroek G, Rossen JW, et al. Associations between pathogens in the upper respiratory tract of young children: interplay between viruses and bacteria. PloS One 2012;7:e47711.