Emission properties of nanolasers during the transition to lasing

Light: Science and Applications

Volumn 3, Issue , 2014, Pages

  Chow, Weng W ^a   Jahnke, Frank ^b   Gies, Christopher ^b  

^a SANDIA NATIONAL LABORATORIES   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Nanolasers; Optoelectronics; Photon statistics; Quantum light sources; Quantum optics; Semiconductor quantum dots; Thresholdless lasing

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION SPECTRA; AUTOCORRELATION; LIGHT SOURCES; NANOCRYSTALS; OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES; PHOTONS; QUANTUM DOT LASERS; QUANTUM OPTICS; QUANTUM THEORY; QUANTUM WELL LASERS; SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS; SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM WELLS;

AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTIONS; CONVENTIONAL LASERS; EMISSION PROPERTIES; NANOLASERS; PHOTON STATISTICS; SPECTRAL-HOLE BURNING; SPONTANEOUS EMISSION FACTOR; THRESHOLDLESS LASING;

SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS;

EID: 84905437094     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20477538     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2014.82     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. Yokoyama H, Brorson SD. Rate equation analysis of microcavity lasers. J Appl Phys 1989;66:4801-4805.
2. Björk G, Yamamoto Y. Analysis of semiconductor microcavity lasers using rate equations. IEEE J Quant Electron 1991;27:2386-2396.
3. Rice PR, Carmichael HJ. Photon statistics of a cavity-QED laser: a comment on the laser-phase-transition analogy. Phys Rev A 1994;50:4318-4329.
4. Hinton K, Baliga J, Feng M, Ayre R, Tucker RS. Power consumption and energy efficiency in the internet. IEEE Network 2011;25:6-12.
5. Reitzenstein S, Bazhenov A, Gorbunov A, Hofmann C, Münch S et al. Lasing in high-Q quantum-dot micropillar cavities. Appl Phys Lett 2006;89:051107.
6. Strauf S, Hennessy K, Rakher MT, Choi YS, Badolato A et al. Self-tuned quantum dot gain in photonic crystal lasers. Phys Rev Lett 2006;96:127404.
7. Ulrich SM, Gies C, Ates S, Wiersig J, Reitzenstein S et al. Photon statistics of semiconductor microcavity lasers. Phys Rev Lett 2007;98:043906-4.
8. Xie ZG, Götzinger S, Fang W, Cao H, Solomon GS. Influence of a single quantum dot state on the characteristics of a microdisk laser. Phys Rev Lett 2007;98:117401.
9. Reitzenstein S, Böckler C, Bazhenov A, Gorbunov A, Löffler A et al. Single quantum dot controlled lasing effects in high-Qmicropillar cavities. Opt Express 2008;16:4848-4857. (Pubitemid 351483447)
10. Nomura M, Kumagai N, Iwamoto S, Ota Y, Arakawa Y. Laser oscillation in a strongly coupled single-quantum-dot-nanocavity system. Nat Phys 2010;6:279-283.
11. Wiersig J, Gies C, Jahnke F, Assmann M, Berstermann T et al. Direct observation of correlations between individual photon emission events of a microcavity laser. Nature 2009;460:245-249.
12. Fox M. Quantum Optics: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2006.
13. Gourley PL. Microstructured semiconductor lasers for high-speed information processing. Nature 1994:371:571-577. (Pubitemid 24316672)
14. Vahala KJ. Optical microcavities. Nature 2003;424:839-846. (Pubitemid 37021719)
15. Lodahl P, van Driel AF, Nikolaev IS, Irman A, Overgaag K et al. Controlling the dynamics of spontaneous emission from quantum dots by photonic crystals. Nature 2004;430:654-657. (Pubitemid 39061676)
16. Bergman DJ, Stockman MI. Surface plasmon amplicfication by stimulated emission of radiation: quantum generation of coherent surface plasmon in nanosystems. Phys Rev Lett 2003;90:027402.
17. Purcell EM. Spontaneous emission probabilities at radio frequencies. Phys Rev 1946;69:681.
18. Kleppner D. Inhibited spontaneous emission. Phys Rev Lett 1981;47:233-236.
19. Khajavikhan M, Simic A, Katz M, Lee JH, Slutsky B et al. Thresholdless nanoscale coaxial lasers. Nature 2012;482:204-207.
20. Yokoyama H. Physics and device applications of optical microcavities. Science 1992;256:66-70.
21. De Martini F, Jacobovitz GR. Anomalous spontaneous-stimulated-decay phase transition and zero-threshold laser action in a microscopic cavity. Phys Rev Lett 1988;60:1711-1714.
22. Carmichael H, Orozco LA. Quantum optics: single atom lases orderly light. Nature 2003;425:246-247. (Pubitemid 37158387)
23. Gies C, Florian M, Gartner P, Jahnke F. The single quantum dot-laser: lasing and strong coupling in the high-excitation regime. Opt Exp 2011;19:14370-14388.
24. Grigoriev V, Biancalana F. Resonant self-pulsations in coupled nonlinear microcavities. Phys Rev A 2011;83:043816.
25. Tame MS, McEnery KR, Özdemir ŞK, Lee J, Maier SA et al. Quantum plasmonics. Nat Phys 2013;9:329-340.
26. Ding K, Ning CZ. Metallic subwavelength-cavity semiconductor nanolasers. Light Sci Appl 2012;1:e20; doi:10.1038/lsa.2012.20.
27. Pfeiffer M, Lindfors K, Zhang H, Fenk B, Phillipp F et al. Eleven nanometer alignment precision of a plasmonic nanoantenna with a self-assembled GaAs quantum dot. Nano Letter 2014;14:197-201.
28. Svelto, O. Principles of Lasers. 5th ed. Berlin: Springer; 2010.
29. Blood P. The laser diode: 50 years on. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron 2013;19:1503201.
30. DeGiorgio V, Scully MO. Analogy between the laser threshold region and a secondorder phase transition. Phys Rev A 1970;2:1170-1177.
31. Elvira D, Hachair X, Verma VB, Braive R, Beaudoin G et al. Higher-order photon correlations in pulsed photonic crystal nanolaser. Phys Rev A 2011;84:061802 (R).
32. Yamamoto Y, Machida S, Björk G. Microcavity semiconductor laser with enhanced spontaneous emission. Phys Rev A 1991;44:657-668.
33. Coldren LA, Corzine SW. Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits. New York: Wiley; 1995.
34. Khurgin JB, Sun G. How small can "Nano" be in a "Nanolaser"? Nanoph 2012;1:3-8.
35. Bimberg D, Grundmann M, Ledentsov NN. Quantum Dot Heterostructures. New York: Wiley; 1999.
36. Chow WW, Jahnke F. On the physics of semiconductor quantum dots for applications in lasers and quantum optics. Prog Quantum Electron 2013;37:109-184.
37. Gies C, Wiersig J, Lorke M, Jahnke F. Semiconductor model for quantum-dot based microcavity lasers. Phys Rev A 2007;75:013803.
38. Device Simulator. Nextnano: http://www.wsi.tum.de/nextnano (accessed 14 November 2007).
39. Jaynes E, Cummings FW. Comparison of quantum and semiclassical radiation theories with application to the beam maser. Proc IEEE 1963;51:89-109.
40. Kira M, Koch SW. Semiconductor Quantum Optics. Cambridge, IL: Cambridge University Press; 2012.
41. Chow WW, Koch SW. Theory of semiconductor quantum-dot laser dynamics. IEEE J Quantum Elect 2005;41:495-505. (Pubitemid 40555781)
42. Waldmueller I, Chow WW, Young EW, Wanke MC. Nonequilibrium many-body theory of intersubband lasers. IEEE J Quantum Elect 2006;42:292-301.
43. Ates S, Gies C, Ulrich SM, Wiersig J, Reitzenstein S et al. Influence of the spontaneous optical emission factor β on the first-order coherence of a semiconductor microcavity laser. Phys Rev B 2008;78:155319.
44. Knill E, Laflamme R, Milburn GJ. A scheme for efficient quantum computation with linear optics. Nature 2001;409:46-52. (Pubitemid 32098618)
45. Wu Q, Turpin JP, Werner DH. Integrated photonic systems based on transformation optics enabled gradient index devices. Light Sci Appl 2012;1:e38; doi:10.1038/lsa.2012.38.