메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 65, Issue 15, 2014, Pages 4419-4431

A broad survey of hydraulic and mechanical safety in the xylem of conifers

Author keywords

Cavitation resistance; hydraulic efficiency; mechanical strength; seal capillary seeding; torusmargo pit; wall implosion; xylem anatomy

Indexed keywords

WATER;

EID: 84905180616     PISSN: 00220957     EISSN: 14602431     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru218     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (152)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 73649140927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests
    • Allen CD, Macalady AK, Chenchounic H, et al. 2010. A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecology and Management 259, 660-684.
    • (2010) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.259 , pp. 660-684
    • Allen, C.D.1    Macalady, A.K.2    Chenchounic, H.3
  • 2
    • 84885359970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfusion tracheids in the conifer leaves of Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae) are derived from parenchyma and their differentiation is induced by auxin
    • Aloni R, Foster A, Mattsson J. 2013. Transfusion tracheids in the conifer leaves of Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae) are derived from parenchyma and their differentiation is induced by auxin. American Journal of Botany 100, 1-8.
    • (2013) American Journal of Botany , vol.100 , pp. 1-8
    • Aloni, R.1    Foster, A.2    Mattsson, J.3
  • 3
    • 84861358211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duration and extension of anatomical changes in wood structure after cambial injury
    • Arbellay E, Fonti P, Stoffel M. 2012. Duration and extension of anatomical changes in wood structure after cambial injury. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 3271-3277.
    • (2012) Journal of Experimental Botany , vol.63 , pp. 3271-3277
    • Arbellay, E.1    Fonti, P.2    Stoffel, M.3
  • 5
    • 0003341790 scopus 로고
    • The preservative treatment of wood. II. The structure of the pit membranes in the tracheids of conifers and their relation to the penetration of gases, liquids and fnely divided solids into green and seasoned wood
    • Bailey IW. 1913. The preservative treatment of wood. II. The structure of the pit membranes in the tracheids of conifers and their relation to the penetration of gases, liquids and fnely divided solids into green and seasoned wood. Forestry Quarterly 11, 12-20.
    • (1913) Forestry Quarterly , vol.11 , pp. 12-20
    • Bailey, I.W.1
  • 6
    • 0000098342 scopus 로고
    • Rings of collapsed cells in Pinus radiata stemwood from lysimeter-grown trees subjected to drought
    • Barnett JR. 1976. Rings of collapsed cells in Pinus radiata stemwood from lysimeter-grown trees subjected to drought. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 6, 461-465.
    • (1976) New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science , vol.6 , pp. 461-465
    • Barnett, J.R.1
  • 7
    • 84875600666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation in bud survival in Populus nigra sprouts in response to water stress-induced embolism
    • Barigah TS, Bonhomme S, Lopez D. 2013. Modulation in bud survival in Populus nigra sprouts in response to water stress-induced embolism. Tree Physiology 33, 261-274.
    • (2013) Tree Physiology , vol.33 , pp. 261-274
    • Barigah, T.S.1    Bonhomme, S.2    Lopez, D.3
  • 8
    • 0000108858 scopus 로고
    • The morphological variability of the bordered pit membranes in gymnosperms
    • Bauch JW, Liese W, Schultze R. 1972. The morphological variability of the bordered pit membranes in gymnosperms. Wood Science and Technology 6, 165-184.
    • (1972) Wood Science and Technology , vol.6 , pp. 165-184
    • Bauch, J.W.1    Liese, W.2    Schultze, R.3
  • 10
    • 36549032918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drought induces lagged tree mortality in a subalpine forest in the Rocky Mountains
    • Bigler C, Gavin DG, Gunning C, Veblen TT. 2007. Drought induces lagged tree mortality in a subalpine forest in the Rocky Mountains. Oikos 116, 1983-1994.
    • (2007) Oikos , vol.116 , pp. 1983-1994
    • Bigler, C.1    Gavin, D.G.2    Gunning, C.3    Veblen, T.T.4
  • 12
    • 77957165642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem function and growth rate interact to determine recovery rates after exposure to extreme water defcit
    • Brodribb TJ, Bowman DJMS, Nichols S, Delzon S, Burlett R. 2010. Xylem function and growth rate interact to determine recovery rates after exposure to extreme water defcit. New Phytologist 188, 533-542.
    • (2010) New Phytologist , vol.188 , pp. 533-542
    • Brodribb, T.J.1    Bowman, D.J.M.S.2    Nichols, S.3    Delzon, S.4    Burlett, R.5
  • 13
    • 58449094651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic failure defnes the recovery and point of death in water-stressed conifers
    • Brodribb TJ, Cochard H. 2009. Hydraulic failure defnes the recovery and point of death in water-stressed conifers. Plant Physiology 149, 575-584.
    • (2009) Plant Physiology , vol.149 , pp. 575-584
    • Brodribb, T.J.1    Cochard, H.2
  • 14
    • 20444443610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water stress deforms tracheids peripheral to the leaf vein of a tropical conifer
    • Brodribb TJ, Holbrook NM. 2005. Water stress deforms tracheids peripheral to the leaf vein of a tropical conifer. Plant Physiology 137, 1139-1146.
    • (2005) Plant Physiology , vol.137 , pp. 1139-1146
    • Brodribb, T.J.1    Holbrook, N.M.2
  • 15
    • 0347925049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pit membrane porosity and water stress-induced cavitation in four co-existing dry rainforest tree species
    • Choat B, Ball M, Luly J, Holtum J. 2003. Pit membrane porosity and water stress-induced cavitation in four co-existing dry rainforest tree species. Plant Physiology 131, 41-48.
    • (2003) Plant Physiology , vol.131 , pp. 41-48
    • Choat, B.1    Ball, M.2    Luly, J.3    Holtum, J.4
  • 16
    • 21244503602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic architecture of deciduous and evergreen dry rainforest tree species from north-eastern Australia
    • Choat B, Ball MC, Luly GJ, Holtum JAM. 2005. Hydraulic architecture of deciduous and evergreen dry rainforest tree species from north-eastern Australia. Trees 19, 305-311.
    • (2005) Trees , vol.19 , pp. 305-311
    • Choat, B.1    Ball, M.C.2    Luly, G.J.3    Holtum, J.A.M.4
  • 17
    • 84870302459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought
    • Choat B, Jansen S, Brodribb TJ, et al. 2012. Global convergence in the vulnerability of forests to drought. Nature 491, 752-755.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.491 , pp. 752-755
    • Choat, B.1    Jansen, S.2    Brodribb, T.J.3
  • 19
    • 34547657116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity of hydraulic traits in nine Cordia species growing in tropical forests with contrasting precipitation
    • Choat B, Sack L, Holbrook NM. 2007. Diversity of hydraulic traits in nine Cordia species growing in tropical forests with contrasting precipitation. New Phytologist 175, 686-698.
    • (2007) New Phytologist , vol.175 , pp. 686-698
    • Choat, B.1    Sack, L.2    Holbrook, N.M.3
  • 20
    • 65249105942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the 'rare pit' hypothesis for xylem cavitation resistance in three species of Acer
    • Christman MA, Sperry JS, Adler FR. 2009. Testing the 'rare pit' hypothesis for xylem cavitation resistance in three species of Acer. New Phytologist 182, 664-674.
    • (2009) New Phytologist , vol.182 , pp. 664-674
    • Christman, M.A.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Adler, F.R.3
  • 21
  • 22
    • 0000366387 scopus 로고
    • Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves. Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis
    • Cochard H, Cruizat P, Tyree MT. 1992. Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves. Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis. Plant Physiology 100, 205-209.
    • (1992) Plant Physiology , vol.100 , pp. 205-209
    • Cochard, H.1    Cruizat, P.2    Tyree, M.T.3
  • 23
    • 84885150441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic failure and repair are not routine in trees
    • Cochard H, Delzon S. 2013. Hydraulic failure and repair are not routine in trees. Annals of Forest Science 70, 659-661.
    • (2013) Annals of Forest Science , vol.70 , pp. 659-661
    • Cochard, H.1    Delzon, S.2
  • 24
    • 70349644135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into the mechanisms of water-stress-induced cavitation in conifers
    • Cochard H, Holtta T, Herbette S, Delzon S, Mencuccini M. 2009. New insights into the mechanisms of water-stress-induced cavitation in conifers. Plant Physiology 151, 949-954.
    • (2009) Plant Physiology , vol.151 , pp. 949-954
    • Cochard, H.1    Holtta, T.2    Herbette, S.3    Delzon, S.4    Mencuccini, M.5
  • 25
    • 44149087848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is xylem cavitation resistance a relevant criterion for screening drought resistance among Prunus species?
    • Cochard H, Tete Barigah S, Kleinhentz M, Eshel A. 2008. Is xylem cavitation resistance a relevant criterion for screening drought resistance among Prunus species? Journal of Plant Physiology 165, 976-982.
    • (2008) Journal of Plant Physiology , vol.165 , pp. 976-982
    • Cochard, H.1    Tete Barigah, S.2    Kleinhentz, M.3    Eshel, A.4
  • 26
    • 0001591643 scopus 로고
    • Gas penetration of pit membranes in the xylem of Rhododendron as the cause of acoustically detectable sap cavitation
    • Crombie DS, Hipkins MF, Milburn JA. 1985. Gas penetration of pit membranes in the xylem of Rhododendron as the cause of acoustically detectable sap cavitation. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 12, 445-453.
    • (1985) Australian Journal of Plant Physiology , vol.12 , pp. 445-453
    • Crombie, D.S.1    Hipkins, M.F.2    Milburn, J.A.3
  • 27
    • 84902539661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in tree hydraulics highlight the ecological signifcance of the hydraulic safety margin
    • in press
    • Delzon S, Cochard H. 2014. Recent advances in tree hydraulics highlight the ecological signifcance of the hydraulic safety margin. New Phytologist (in press).
    • (2014) New Phytologist
    • Delzon, S.1    Cochard, H.2
  • 28
    • 78349288042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of water-stress induced cavitation in conifers: Bordered pit structure and function support the hypothesis of seal capillary-seeding
    • Delzon S, Douthe C, Sala A, Cochard H. 2010. Mechanism of water-stress induced cavitation in conifers: bordered pit structure and function support the hypothesis of seal capillary-seeding. Plant, Cell and Environment 33, 2101-2111.
    • (2010) Plant, Cell and Environment , vol.33 , pp. 2101-2111
    • Delzon, S.1    Douthe, C.2    Sala, A.3    Cochard, H.4
  • 29
    • 0036895319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do water transport and water storage differ in coniferous earlywood and latewood?
    • Domec JC, Gartner BL. 2002. How do water transport and water storage differ in coniferous earlywood and latewood? Journal of Experimental Botany 53, 2369-2379.
    • (2002) Journal of Experimental Botany , vol.53 , pp. 2369-2379
    • Domec, J.C.1    Gartner, B.L.2
  • 30
    • 0035016485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cavitation and water storage capacity in bole xylem segments of mature and young Douglas-fr trees
    • Domec JC, Gartner BL. 2001. Cavitation and water storage capacity in bole xylem segments of mature and young Douglas-fr trees. Trees 15, 204-214.
    • (2001) Trees , vol.15 , pp. 204-214
    • Domec, J.C.1    Gartner, B.L.2
  • 31
    • 33751236779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bordered pit structure and function determine spatial patterns of air-seeding thresholds in xylem of Douglas-fr (Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pinaceae) trees
    • Domec JC, Lachenbruch B, Meinzer FC. 2006. Bordered pit structure and function determine spatial patterns of air-seeding thresholds in xylem of Douglas-fr (Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pinaceae) trees. American Journal of Botany 93, 1588-1600.
    • (2006) American Journal of Botany , vol.93 , pp. 1588-1600
    • Domec, J.C.1    Lachenbruch, B.2    Meinzer, F.C.3
  • 34
    • 0036240653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal lignin distribution in wood from severely drought stressed Pinus radiata trees
    • Donaldson LA. 2002. Abnormal lignin distribution in wood from severely drought stressed Pinus radiata trees. International Association of Wood Anatomists 23, 161-178.
    • (2002) International Association of Wood Anatomists , vol.23 , pp. 161-178
    • Donaldson, L.A.1
  • 35
    • 0028121427 scopus 로고
    • Pit membrane structure and development in Ginkgo biloba
    • Dute RR. 1994. Pit membrane structure and development in Ginkgo biloba. International Association of Wood Anatomists 15, 75-90.
    • (1994) International Association of Wood Anatomists , vol.15 , pp. 75-90
    • Dute, R.R.1
  • 36
    • 51449102317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative development of intertracheary pit membranes in Abies frma and Metasequoia glyptostroboides
    • Dute R, Hagler L, Black A. 2008. Comparative development of intertracheary pit membranes in Abies frma and Metasequoia glyptostroboides. International Association of Wood Anatomists 29, 277-289.
    • (2008) International Association of Wood Anatomists , vol.29 , pp. 277-289
    • Dute, R.1    Hagler, L.2    Black, A.3
  • 39
    • 0022203256 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and the comparative methods
    • Felsenstein J. 1985. Phylogenies and the comparative methods. American Naturalist 125, 1-15.
    • (1985) American Naturalist , vol.125 , pp. 1-15
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 40
    • 11944256302 scopus 로고
    • Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phylogenetically independent contrasts
    • Garland T, Harvey PH, Ives AR. 1992. Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phylogenetically independent contrasts. Systematic Biology 41, 18-32.
    • (1992) Systematic Biology , vol.41 , pp. 18-32
    • Garland, T.1    Harvey, P.H.2    Ives, A.R.3
  • 41
    • 1642347120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of circular bordered pit function-II. Gymnosperm tracheids with torus-margo pit membranes
    • Hacke UG, Sperry JS, Pittermann J. 2004. Analysis of circular bordered pit function-II. Gymnosperm tracheids with torus-margo pit membranes. American Journal of Botany 91, 386-400.
    • (2004) American Journal of Botany , vol.91 , pp. 386-400
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Pittermann, J.3
  • 42
    • 33748374788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effciency versus safety tradeoffs for water conduction in angiosperm vessels versus gymnosperm tracheids
    • Holbrook NM, Zwieniecki M, eds Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Hacke UG, Sperry JS, Pittermann J. 2005. Effciency versus safety tradeoffs for water conduction in angiosperm vessels versus gymnosperm tracheids. In: Holbrook NM, Zwieniecki M, eds. Vascular transport in plants. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 333-353.
    • (2005) Vascular Transport in Plants , pp. 333-353
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Pittermann, J.3
  • 43
    • 0035034140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in wood density and structure are linked to prevention of xylem implosion by negative pressure
    • Hacke UG, Sperry JS, Pockman WT, Davis SD, McCulloh KA. 2001. Trends in wood density and structure are linked to prevention of xylem implosion by negative pressure. Oecologia 126, 457-461.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.126 , pp. 457-461
    • Hacke, U.G.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Pockman, W.T.3    Davis, S.D.4    McCulloh, K.A.5
  • 44
    • 84884418747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thirst beats hunger-declining hydration during drought prevents carbon starvation in Norway spruce saplings
    • Hartmann H, Ziegler W, Kolle O, Trumbore S. 2013. Thirst beats hunger-declining hydration during drought prevents carbon starvation in Norway spruce saplings. New Phytologist 200, 340-349.
    • (2013) New Phytologist , vol.200 , pp. 340-349
    • Hartmann, H.1    Ziegler, W.2    Kolle, O.3    Trumbore, S.4
  • 46
    • 84860244729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasmodesmatal pores in the torus of bordered pit membranes affect cavitation resistance of conifer xylem
    • Jansen S, Lamy JB, Burlett R, Cochard H, Gasson P, Delzon S. 2012. Plasmodesmatal pores in the torus of bordered pit membranes affect cavitation resistance of conifer xylem. Plant, Cell and Environment 35, 1109-1120.
    • (2012) Plant, Cell and Environment , vol.35 , pp. 1109-1120
    • Jansen, S.1    Lamy, J.B.2    Burlett, R.3    Cochard, H.4    Gasson, P.5    Delzon, S.6
  • 47
    • 60249101063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological variation of intervessel pit membranes and implications to xylem function in angiosperms
    • Jansen S, Choat B, Pletsers A. 2009. Morphological variation of intervessel pit membranes and implications to xylem function in angiosperms. American Journal of Botany 96, 409-419.
    • (2009) American Journal of Botany , vol.96 , pp. 409-419
    • Jansen, S.1    Choat, B.2    Pletsers, A.3
  • 48
    • 0029140716 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of water-stressed induced embolism in two species of chaparral shrubs
    • Jarbeau J, Ewers F, Davis S. 1995. The mechanism of water-stressed induced embolism in two species of chaparral shrubs. Plant, Cell and Environment 18, 189-196.
    • (1995) Plant, Cell and Environment , vol.18 , pp. 189-196
    • Jarbeau, J.1    Ewers, F.2    Davis, S.3
  • 49
    • 79954603168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing hypotheses that link wood anatomy to cavitation resistance and hydraulic conductivity in the genus Acer
    • Lens F, Sperry JS, Christman M, Choat B, Rabaey D, Jansen S. 2011. Testing hypotheses that link wood anatomy to cavitation resistance and hydraulic conductivity in the genus Acer. New Phytologist 190, 709-723.
    • (2011) New Phytologist , vol.190 , pp. 709-723
    • Lens, F.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Christman, M.3    Choat, B.4    Rabaey, D.5    Jansen, S.6
  • 50
    • 0002546535 scopus 로고
    • On the closure of bordered pits in conifers
    • Liese W, Bauch J. 1967. On the closure of bordered pits in conifers. Wood Science and Technology 1, 1-13.
    • (1967) Wood Science and Technology , vol.1 , pp. 1-13
    • Liese, W.1    Bauch, J.2
  • 51
    • 4143138791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive variation in the vulnerability of woody plants to xylem cavitation
    • Maherali H, Pockman WT. 2004. Adaptive variation in the vulnerability of woody plants to xylem cavitation. Ecology 85, 2184-2199.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 2184-2199
    • Maherali, H.1    Pockman, W.T.2
  • 53
    • 0034932459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-specifc variation in xylem cavitation in interior live oak (Quercus wislizenii)
    • Matzner SL, Rice KJ, Richards JH. 2001. Intra-specifc variation in xylem cavitation in interior live oak (Quercus wislizenii). Journal of Experimental Botany 52, 783-789.
    • (2001) Journal of Experimental Botany , vol.52 , pp. 783-789
    • Matzner, S.L.1    Rice, K.J.2    Richards, J.H.3
  • 54
    • 0038171549 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal development of secondary xylem in Pinus strobus L
    • Murmanis L, Sachs IB. 1969. Seasonal development of secondary xylem in Pinus strobus L. Wood Science and Technology 3, 177-193.
    • (1969) Wood Science and Technology , vol.3 , pp. 177-193
    • Murmanis, L.1    Sachs, I.B.2
  • 55
    • 0031659270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mathematical and statistical analysis of the curves illustrating vulnerability to cavitation
    • Pammenter NW, Vander Willigen C. 1998. A mathematical and statistical analysis of the curves illustrating vulnerability to cavitation. Tree Physiology 18, 589-593.
    • (1998) Tree Physiology , vol.18 , pp. 589-593
    • Pammenter, N.W.1    Vander Willigen, C.2
  • 56
    • 1042304216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • APE: Analyses of phylogenetics and evolution in R language
    • Paradis E, Claude J, Strimmer K. 2004. APE: analyses of phylogenetics and evolution in R language. Bioinformatics 20, 289-290.
    • (2004) Bioinformatics , vol.20 , pp. 289-290
    • Paradis, E.1    Claude, J.2    Strimmer, K.3
  • 59
    • 77955687311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationships between xylem safety and hydraulic effciency in the Cupressaceae: The evolution of pit membrane form and function
    • Pittermann J, Choat B, Jansen S, Stuart S, Lynn L, Dawson TE. 2010. The relationships between xylem safety and hydraulic effciency in the Cupressaceae: the evolution of pit membrane form and function. Plant Physiology 153, 1919-1931.
    • (2010) Plant Physiology , vol.153 , pp. 1919-1931
    • Pittermann, J.1    Choat, B.2    Jansen, S.3    Stuart, S.4    Lynn, L.5    Dawson, T.E.6
  • 60
    • 80053231875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-function constraints of tracheid-based xylem: A comparison of conifers and ferns
    • Pittermann J, Limm E, Rico C, Christman M. 2011. Structure-function constraints of tracheid-based xylem: a comparison of conifers and ferns. New Phytologist 192, 449-461.
    • (2011) New Phytologist , vol.192 , pp. 449-461
    • Pittermann, J.1    Limm, E.2    Rico, C.3    Christman, M.4
  • 61
    • 29344459386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The torus-margo pit valve makes conifers hydraulically competitive with angiosperms
    • Pittermann J, Sperry JS, Hacke UG, Wheeler JK, Sikkema EH. 2005. The torus-margo pit valve makes conifers hydraulically competitive with angiosperms. Science 310, 1924.
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 1924
    • Pittermann, J.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Hacke, U.G.3    Wheeler, J.K.4    Sikkema, E.H.5
  • 62
    • 33748480345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical reinforcement against tracheid implosion compromises the hydraulic effciency of conifer xylem
    • Pittermann J, Sperry JS, Wheeler JK, Hacke UG, Sikkema E. 2006a. Mechanical reinforcement against tracheid implosion compromises the hydraulic effciency of conifer xylem. Plant, Cell and Environment 29, 1618-1628.
    • (2006) Plant, Cell and Environment , vol.29 , pp. 1618-1628
    • Pittermann, J.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Wheeler, J.K.3    Hacke, U.G.4    Sikkema, E.5
  • 63
    • 33748491976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inter-tracheid pitting and the hydraulic effciency of conifer wood: The role of tracheid allometry and cavitation protection
    • Pittermann J, Sperry JS, Wheeler JK, Hacke UG, Sikkema EH. 2006b. Inter-tracheid pitting and the hydraulic effciency of conifer wood: the role of tracheid allometry and cavitation protection. American Journal of Botany 93, 1265-1273.
    • (2006) American Journal of Botany , vol.93 , pp. 1265-1273
    • Pittermann, J.1    Sperry, J.S.2    Wheeler, J.K.3    Hacke, U.G.4    Sikkema, E.H.5
  • 64
    • 84863304598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria
    • R Development Core Team. 2008. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
    • (2008) R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
  • 67
    • 52649119692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood density as a conservation tool: Quantifcation of disturbance and identifcation of conservation-priority areas in tropical forests
    • Slik JW, Bernard CS, Breman FC, Van Beek M, Salim A, Sheil D. 2008. Wood density as a conservation tool: quantifcation of disturbance and identifcation of conservation-priority areas in tropical forests. Conservation Biology 22, 1299-1308.
    • (2008) Conservation Biology , vol.22 , pp. 1299-1308
    • Slik, J.W.1    Bernard, C.S.2    Breman, F.C.3    Van Beek, M.4    Salim, A.5    Sheil, D.6
  • 68
    • 60849123934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mega-phylogeny approach for comparative biology: An alternative to supertree and supermatrix approaches
    • Smith SA, Beaulieu JM, Donoghue MJ. 2009. Mega-phylogeny approach for comparative biology: an alternative to supertree and supermatrix approaches. BMC Evolutionary Biology 9, 37.
    • (2009) BMC Evolutionary Biology , vol.9 , pp. 37
    • Smith, S.A.1    Beaulieu, J.M.2    Donoghue, M.J.3
  • 69
    • 33750457963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size and function in conifer tracheids and angiosperm vessels
    • Sperry H. 2006. Size and function in conifer tracheids and angiosperm vessels. American Journal of Botany 93, 1490-1500.
    • (2006) American Journal of Botany , vol.93 , pp. 1490-1500
    • Sperry, H.1
  • 70
    • 1642321239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of circular bordered pit function. I. Angiosperm vessels with homogenous pit membranes
    • Sperry JS, Hacke UG. 2004. Analysis of circular bordered pit function. I. Angiosperm vessels with homogenous pit membranes. American Journal of Botany 91, 369-385.
    • (2004) American Journal of Botany , vol.91 , pp. 369-385
    • Sperry, J.S.1    Hacke, U.G.2
  • 71
    • 41849126342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and effciency conficts in hydraulic architecture: Scaling from tissues to trees
    • Sperry JS, Meinzer FC, McCulloh KA. 2008. Safety and effciency conficts in hydraulic architecture: scaling from tissues to trees. Plant, Cell and Environment 31, 632-645.
    • (2008) Plant, Cell and Environment , vol.31 , pp. 632-645
    • Sperry, J.S.1    Meinzer, F.C.2    McCulloh, K.A.3
  • 72
    • 84989006328 scopus 로고
    • Water-stress-induced xylem embolism in three species of conifers
    • Sperry JS, Tyree MT. 1990. Water-stress-induced xylem embolism in three species of conifers. Plant, Cell and Environment 13, 427-436.
    • (1990) Plant, Cell and Environment , vol.13 , pp. 427-436
    • Sperry, J.S.1    Tyree, M.T.2
  • 73
    • 33750403801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAxML-VI-HPC: Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models
    • Stamatakis A. 2006. RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22, 2688-2690.
    • (2006) Bioinformatics , vol.22 , pp. 2688-2690
    • Stamatakis, A.1
  • 74
    • 34250775100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and evolutionary determinants of a key plant functional trait: Wood density and its community-wide variation across latitude and elevation
    • Swenson NG, Enquist BJ. 2007. Ecological and evolutionary determinants of a key plant functional trait: wood density and its community-wide variation across latitude and elevation. American Journal of Botany 94, 451-459.
    • (2007) American Journal of Botany , vol.94 , pp. 451-459
    • Swenson, N.G.1    Enquist, B.J.2
  • 75
    • 79957613599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods
    • Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S. 2011. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution 28, 2731-2739.
    • (2011) Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol.28 , pp. 2731-2739
    • Tamura, K.1    Peterson, D.2    Peterson, N.3    Stecher, G.4    Nei, M.5    Kumar, S.6
  • 78
    • 58849122697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States
    • Van Mantgem PJ, Stephenson NL, Byrne JC, et al. 2009. Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States. Science 323, 521-524.
    • (2009) Science , vol.323 , pp. 521-524
    • Van Mantgem, P.J.1    Stephenson, N.L.2    Byrne, J.C.3
  • 79
    • 84885894550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xylem cavitation vulnerability infuences tree species' habitat preferences in miombo woodlands
    • Vinya R, Malhi Y, Fisher JB, Brown N, Brodribb TJ, Aragoa LE. 2013. Xylem cavitation vulnerability infuences tree species' habitat preferences in miombo woodlands. Oecologia 113, 711-720.
    • (2013) Oecologia , vol.113 , pp. 711-720
    • Vinya, R.1    Malhi, Y.2    Fisher, J.B.3    Brown, N.4    Brodribb, T.J.5    Aragoa, L.E.6
  • 80
    • 41149171787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydraulic traits are infuenced by phylogenetic history in the drought-resistant, invasive genus Juniperus (Cupressaceae)
    • Willson CJ, Manos PS, Jackson RB. 2008. Hydraulic traits are infuenced by phylogenetic history in the drought-resistant, invasive genus Juniperus (Cupressaceae). American Journal of Botany 95, 299-314.
    • (2008) American Journal of Botany , vol.95 , pp. 299-314
    • Willson, C.J.1    Manos, P.S.2    Jackson, R.B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.