Composition and substrate-dependent strength of the silken attachment discs in spiders

Journal of the Royal Society Interface

Volumn 11, Issue 98, 2014, Pages

  Grawe, Ingo ^a,b   Wolff, Jonas O ^a   Gorb, Stanislav N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES   (Germany)

Author keywords

Adhesion; Araneae; Compound material; Hierarchical structure; Silk; Tensile test

Indexed keywords

ADHESION; DISKS (MACHINE COMPONENTS); FRACTURE MECHANICS; GLUES; GLUING; PHYSIOLOGY; SILK; TENSILE TESTING;

ARANEAE; COMPOUND MATERIAL; DETACHMENT FORCES; DIFFERENT SUBSTRATES; DRIVING FORCES; HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES; MATERIAL CONSUMPTION; PLANT SURFACES;

SUBSTRATES;

GLASS; GLUE; POLITEF; SILK; ADHESIVE AGENT; FIBROIN;

ADHESION; ADULT; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARGIOPE TRIFASCIATA; ARTICLE; BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CUPIENNIUS SALEI; FEMALE; FORCE; MECHANICS; NEPHILA; NEPHILA SENEGALENSIS; NONHUMAN; PARASTEATODA TEPIDARIORUM; PLANT LEAF; SPIDER; STRENGTH; SURFACE PROPERTY; THOMISUS ONUSTUS; ANIMAL; BIOMECHANICS; CHEMISTRY; MATERIALS TESTING; MICROSCOPY; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; TENSILE STRENGTH;

ADHESIVES; ANIMALS; BIOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA; FEMALE; FIBROINS; MATERIALS TESTING; MICROSCOPY; POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; SPIDERS; SURFACE PROPERTIES; TENSILE STRENGTH;

EID: 84904977103     PISSN: 17425689     EISSN: 17425662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0477     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Blackledge TA, Hayashi CY. 2006 Silken toolkits: biomechanics of silk fibers spun by the orb web spider Argiope argentata (Fabricius 1775). J. Exp. Biol. 209, 2452-2461. (doi:10.1242/Jeb.02275)
2. Apstein C. 1889 Bau und Funktion der Spinndrüsen der Araneida. Arch. Naturg. 55, 29-74.
3. Peakall DB. 1964 Composition function and glandular origin of silk fibroins of spider Araneus diadematus Cl. J. Exp. Zool. 156, 345. (doi:10.1002/jez.1401560310)
4. Vollrath F. 1992 Spider webs and silks. Sci. Am. 266, 70-76. (doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0392-70)
5. Schütt K. 1996 Wie Spinnen ihre Netze befestigen. Mikrokosmos 85, 274-278.
6. Saffre F, Mailleux AC, Deneubourg JL. 1999 Dragline attachment pattern in the neotropical social spider Anelosimus eximius (Araneae: Theridiidae). J. Insect Behav. 12, 277-282. (doi:10.1023/A:1020927102896)
7. Gorb SN, Landolfa MA, Barth FG. 1998 Dragline-associated behaviour of the orb web spider Nephila clavipes (Araneoidea, Tetragnathidae). J. Zool. 244, 323-330. (doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00036.x)
8. Townley MA, Tillinghast EK. 2003 On the use of ampullate gland silks by wolf spiders (Araneae, Lycosidae) for attaching the egg sac to the spinnerets and a proposal for defining nubbins and tartipores. J. Arachnol. 31, 209-245. (doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2003)031[0209:Otuoag]2.0.Co;2)
9. Kovoor J, Zylberberg L. 1980 Fine-structural aspects of silk secretion in a spider (Araneus diadematus). 1. Elaboration in the pyriform glands. Tissue Cell 12, 547-556. (doi:10.1016/0040-8166(80)90044-0)
10. Blasingame E et al. 2009 Pyriform spidroin 1, a novel member of the silk gene family that anchors dragline silk fibers in attachment discs of the black widow spider, Latrodectus hesperus. J. Biol. Chem. 284, 29 097-29 108. (doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.021378)
11. Ortlepp C, Gosline JM. 2008 The scaling of safety factor in spider draglines. J. Exp. Biol. 211, 2832-2840. (doi:10.1242/jeb.014191)
12. Pugno NM, Cranford SW, Buehler MJ. 2013 Synergetic material and structure optimization yields robust spider web anchorages. Small 9, 2747-2756. (doi:10.1002/smll.201201343)
13. Sahni V, Harris J, Blackledge TA, Dhinojwala A. 2012 Cobweb-weaving spiders produce different attachment discs for locomotion and prey capture. Nat. Commun. 3, 1106. (doi:10.1038/Ncomms2099)
14. Hajer J, Rehakova D. 2003 Spinning activity of the spider Trogloneta granulum (Araneae, Mysmenidae): web, cocoon, cocoon handling behaviour, draglines and attachment discs. Zoology 106, 223-231. (doi:10.1078/0944-2006- 00117)
15. Chen YK, Liao C-P, Tsai F-Y, Chi K-J. 2013 More than a safety line: jump-stabilizing silk of salticids. J. R. Soc. Interface 10, 20130572. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0572)
16. Gorb SN, Barth FG. 1994 Locomotor behavior during prey-capture of a fishing spider, Dolomedes plantarius (Araneae, Araneidae): galloping and stopping. J. Arachnol. 22, 89-93.
17. Stern H, Kullmann E. 1975 Leben am seidenen Faden: die rätselvolle Welt der Spinnen. Gütersloh, Germany: C. Bertelsmann.
18. Jain D, Sahni V, Dhinojwala A. 2014 Synthetic adhesive attachment discs inspired by spider's pyriform silk architecture. J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 52, 553-560. (doi:10.1002/polb.23453)
19. Wang L, Culha U, Iida F. 2014 A dragline-forming mobile robot inspired by spiders. Bioinspir. Biomim. 9, 016006. (doi:10.1088/1748-3182/9/1/016006)
20. Eberhard WG. 2010 Possible functional significance of spigot placement on the spinnerets of spiders. J. Arachnol. 38, 407-414. (doi:10.1636/B09-97.1)
21. Kovoor J, Zylberberg L. 1982 Fine-structural aspects of silk secretion in a spider. 2. Conduction in the pyriform glands. Tissue Cell 14, 519-530. (doi:10.1016/0040-8166(82)90044-1)
22. Geurts P et al. 2010 Synthetic spider silk fibers spun from pyriform spidroin 2, a glue silk protein discovered in orb-weaving spider attachment discs. Biomacromolecules 11, 3495-3503. (doi:10.1021/Bm101002w)
23. Kinloch AJ. 1987 Adhesion and adhesives: science and technology. London, UK: Chapman and Hall.
24. Tarakanova A, Buehler MJ. 2012 The role of capture spiral silk properties in the diversification of orb webs. J. R. Soc. Interface 9, 3240-3248. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2012.0473)
25. Harmer AMT, Blackledge TA, Madin JS, Herberstein ME. 2011 High-performance spider webs: integrating biomechanics, ecology and behaviour. J. R. Soc. Interface 8, 457-471. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0454)
26. Ko FK, Jovicic J. 2004 Modeling of mechanical properties and structural design of spider web. Biomacromolecules 5, 780-785. (doi:10.1021/Bm0345099)
27. Lin LH, Edmonds DT, Vollrath F. 1995 Structuralengineering of an orb-spiders web. Nature 373, 146-148. (doi:10.1038/373146a0)
28. Cranford SW, Tarakanova A, Pugno NM, Buehler MJ. 2012 Nonlinear material behaviour of spider silk yields robust webs. Nature 482, U72-U91. (doi:10.1038/Nature10739)
29. Sensenig AT, Agnarsson I, Blackledge TA. 2011 Adult spiders use tougher silk: ontogenetic changes in web architecture and silk biomechanics in the orbweaver spider. J. Zool. 285, 28-38. (doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00809.x)
30. Sensenig AT, Lorentz KA, Kelly SP, Blackledge TA. 2012 Spider orb webs rely on radial threads to absorb prey kinetic energy. J. R. Soc. Interface 9, 1880-1891. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2011.0851)
31. Aoyanagi Y, Okumura K. 2010 Simple model for the mechanics of spider webs. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 038102. (doi:10.1103/Physrevlett.104.038102)
32. Brandwood A. 1985 Mechanical-properties and factors of safety of spider drag-lines. J. Exp. Biol. 116, 141-151.
33. Osaki S. 1996 Spider silk as mechanical lifeline. Nature 384, 419. (doi:10.1038/384419a0)
34. Osaki S. 2003 Safety coefficient of the mechanical lifeline of spiders. Polym. J. 35, 261-265. (doi:10.1295/polymj.35.261)
35. Pugno NM. 2011 The theory of multiple peeling. Int. J. Fracture 171, 185-193. (doi:10.1007/s10704-011-9638-2)
36. Wohlfart E, Wolff JO, Arzt E, Gorb SN. 2014 The whole is more than the sum of all its parts: collective effect of spider attachment organs. J. Exp. Biol. 217, 222-224. (doi:10.1242/Jeb.093468)
37. Rodriguez-Girones MA, Corcobado G, Moya-Larano J. 2010 Silk elasticity as a potential constraint on spider body size. J. Theor. Biol. 266, 430-435. (doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.06.031)
38. Homann H. 1957 Haften Spinnen an Einer Wasserhaut. Naturwissenschaften 44, 318-319. (doi:10.1007/BF00630926)
39. Wolff JO, Nentwig W, Gorb SN. 2013 The great silk alternative: multiple co-evolution of web loss and sticky hairs in spiders. PLoS ONE 8, e62682. (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062682)
40. Lapinski W, Tschapka M. 2013 Habitat use in an assemblage of Central American wandering spiders. J. Arachnol. 41, 151-159. (doi:10.1636/P11-88.1)
41. Eigenbrode SD. 2001 Attachment by predatory insects to waxy plant surfaces: mechanisms and ecological implications. Am. Zool. 41, 1435-1436.
42. Eigenbrode SD. 2004 The effects of plant epicuticular waxy blooms on attachment and effectiveness of predatory insects. Arthropod. Struct. Dev. 33, 91-102. (doi:10.1016/j.asd.2003.11.004)
43. Whitney HM, Federle W. 2013 Biomechanics of plant-insect interactions. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 16, 105-111. (doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2012.11.008)
44. Voigt D, Gorb S. 2010 Egg attachment of the asparagus beetle Crioceris asparagi to the crystalline waxy surface of Asparagus officinalis. Proc. R. Soc. B 277, 895-903. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.1706)
45. Nentwig W, Wissel C. 1986 A comparison of prey lengths among spiders. Oecologia 68, 595-600. (doi:10.1007/Bf00378777)