Incorporation of advanced aerosol activation treatments into CESM/CAM5: Model evaluation and impacts on aerosol indirect effects

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 14, Issue 14, 2014, Pages 7485-7497

  Gantt, B ^a,d   He, J ^a   Zhang, X ^a   Zhang, Y ^a   Nenes, A ^b,c  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c Georgia Institute of Technology   (United States)

^d U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEUS; CLOUD DROPLET; PARAMETERIZATION;

EID: 84904891921     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-7485-2014     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Abdul-Razzak, H., Ghan, S., and Rivera-Carpio, C.: A parameter-isation of aerosol activation. Part I: Single aerosol type, J. Geo-phys. Res., 103, 6123-6132, doi:10.1029/97JD03735, 1998.
2. Abdul-Razzak, H. and Ghan, S. J.: A parameterization of aerosol activation: 2. Multiple aerosol types, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 6837-6844, 2000.
3. Albrecht, B. A.: Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness, Science, 245(4923), 1227-1230, doi:10.1126/science.245.4923.1227, 1989.
4. Andreae, M. O.: Correlation between cloud condensation nuclei concentration and aerosol optical thickness in remote and polluted regions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 543-556, doi:10.5194/acp-9-543-2009, 2009.
5. Barahona, D. and Nenes, A.: Parameterization of cloud droplet formation in large-scale models: including effects of entrainment, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D16206, doi:10.1029/2007JD008473, 2007.
6. Barahona, D., West, R. E. L., Stier, P., Romakkaniemi, S., Kokkola, H., and Nenes, A.: Comprehensively accounting for the effect of giant CCN in cloud activation parameterizations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2467-2473, doi:10.5194/acp-10-2467-2010, 2010.
7. Bennartz, R.: Global assessment of marine boundary layer cloud droplet number concentration from satellite, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D02201, doi:10.1029/2006JD007547, 2007.
8. Boucher, O., Randall, D., Artaxo, P., Bretherton, C., Feingold, G., Forster, P., Kerminen, V.-M., Kondo, Y., Liao, H., Lohmann, U., Rasch, P., Satheesh, S.K., Sherwood, S., Stevens, B., and Zhang, X. Y.: Clouds and Aerosols. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edied by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P. M., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2013.
9. Chuang, P. Y., Charlson, R. J., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Kinetic limitations on droplet formation in clouds, Nature, 390, 594-596, doi:10.1038/37576, 1997.
10. Engström, A., Karlsson, J., and Svensson, G.:, The importance of representing mixed-phase clouds for simulating distinctive atmospheric states in the Arctic, J. Clim., 27, 265-272, 2014.
11. Fountoukis, C. and Nenes, A.: Continued development of a cloud droplet formation parameterization for global climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D11212, doi:10.1029/2004jd005591, 2005.
12. Gettelman, A., Liu, X., Ghan, S. J., Morrison, H., Park, S., Con-ley, A. J., Klein, S. A., Boyle, J., Mitchell, D. L., and Li, J. L. F.: Global simulations of ice nucleation and ice supersaturation with an improved cloud scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D18216, doi:10.1029/2009jd013797, 2010.
13. Ghan, S. J., Leung, L. R., Easter, R. C., and Abdul-Razzak, H.: Prediction of droplet number in a general circulation model, J. Geo-phys. Res., 102, 21777-21794, 1997.
14. Ghan, S. J., Abdul-Razzak, H., Nenes, A., Ming, Y., Liu, X., Ovchinnikov, M., Shipway, B., Mekhidze, N., Xu, J., and Shi, X.: Droplet nucleation: Physically-based parameterizations and comparative evaluation, J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 3, M10001, doi:10.1029/2011MS000074, 2011.
15. Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P. I., and Geron, C.: Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3181-3210, doi:10.5194/acp-6-3181-2006, 2006.
16. He, J. and Zhang, Y.: Improvement and further development in CESM/CAM5: gas-phase chemistry and inorganic aerosol treatments, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 13, 27717-27777, doi:10.5194/acpd-13-27717-2013, 2013.
17. Heald, C. L., Henze, D. K., Horowitz, L. W., Feddema, J., Lamar-que, J. F., Guenther, A., Hess, P. G., Vitt, F., Seinfeld, J. H., Goldstein, A. H., and Fung, I.: Predicted change in global secondary organic aerosol concentrations in response to future climate, emissions, and land use change, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D05211, doi:10.1029/2007JD009092, 2008.
18. Karamchandani, P., Zhang, Y., Chen, S. Y., and Balmori-Bronson, R.: Development and testing of an extended chemical mechanism for global through-urban applications, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 3, 1-24, doi:10.5094/APR.2011. 047, 2012.
19. Karydis, V. A., Kumar, P., Barahona, D., Sokolik, I. N., and Nenes, A.: On the effect of dust particles on global cloud condensation nuclei and cloud droplet number, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D23204, doi:10.1029/2011jd016283, 2011.
20. Khain, A. P., BenMoshe, N., and Pokrovsky, A.: Factors determining the impact of aerosols on surface precipitation from clouds: An attempt at classification, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 1721-1748, 2008.
21. Köhler, H.: The nucleus in the growth of hygroscopic droplets, T. Faraday Soc., 32, 1152-1161, 1936.
22. Kumar, P., Sokolik, I. N., and Nenes, A.: Parameterization of cloud droplet formation for global and regional models: including adsorption activation from insoluble CCN, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2517-2532, doi:10.5194/acp-9-2517-2009, 2009.
23. Lance, S., Shupe, M. D., Feingold, G., Brock, C. A., Cozic, J., Hol-loway, J. S., Moore, R. H., Nenes, A., Schwarz, J. P., Spack-man, J. R., Froyd, K. D., Murphy, D. M., Brioude, J., Cooper, O. R., Stohl, A., and Burkhart, J. F.: Cloud condensation nuclei as a modulator of ice processes in Arctic mixed-phase clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8003-8015, doi:10.5194/acp-11-8003-2011, 2011.
24. Leaitch, W. R., Isaac, G. A., Strapp, J. W., Banic, C. M., and Wiebe, H. A.: The relationship between cloud droplet number concentrations and anthropogenic pollution: Observations and climatic implications, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 2463-2474, doi:10.1029/91JD02739, 1992.
25. Levy, R. C., Mattoo, S., Munchak, L. A., Remer, L. A., Sayer, A. M., Patadia, F., and Hsu, N. C.: The Collection 6 MODIS aerosol products over land and ocean, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 2989-3034, doi:10.5194/amt-6-2989-2013, 2013.
26. Liu, X., Xie, S., Boyle, J., Klein, S. A., Shi, X., Wang, Z., Lin, W., Ghan, S. J., Earle, M., Liu, P. S. K., and Zelenyuk, A.: Testing cloud microphysics parameterizations in NCAR CAM5 with IS-DAC and M-PACE observations, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D00T11, doi:10.1029/2011JD015889, 2011.
27. Liu, X., Easter, R. C., Ghan, S. J., Zaveri, R., Rasch, P., Shi, X., Lamarque, J.-F., Gettelman, A., Morrison, H., Vitt, F., Conley, A., Park, S., Neale, R., Hannay, C., Ekman, A. M. L., Hess, P., Mahowald, N., Collins, W., Iacono, M. J., Bretherton, C. S., Flan-ner, M. G., and Mitchell, D.: Toward a minimal representation of aerosols in climate models: description and evaluation in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 709-739, doi:10.5194/gmd-5-709-2012, 2012.
28. Mårtensson, E., Nilsson, E., de Leeuw, G., Cohen, L., and Hans-son, H.-C.: Laboratory simulations and parameterisation of the primary marine aerosol production, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4297, doi:10.1029/2002JD002263, 2003.
29. Martin, G. M., Johnson, D. W., and Spice, A.: The measurement and parameterization of effective radius of droplets in warm stratocumulus clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1823-1842, 1994.
30. Merikanto, J., Napari, I., Vehkamaki, H., Anttila, T., and Kul-mala, M.: New parameterization of sulfuric acid-ammonia-water ternary nucleation rates at tropospheric conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D15207, doi:10.1029/ 2006JD007977, 2007.
31. Monahan, E., Spiel, D., and Davidson, K.: A model of marine aerosol generation via white caps and wave disruption, in: Oceanic whitecaps, edited by: Monahan, E. and MacNiochaill, G., 167-193, Dordrecht, Reidel, The Netherlands, 1986.
32. Moore, R. H., Karydis, V. A., Capps, S. L., Lathem, T. L., and Nenes, A.: Droplet number uncertainties associated with CCN: an assessment using observations and a global model adjoint, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4235-4251, doi:10.5194/acp-13-4235-2013, 2013.
33. Morales Betancourt, R. and Nenes, A.: Droplet activation parameterization: the population splitting concept revisited, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., 7, 2903-2932, doi:10.5194/gmdd-7-2903-2014, 2014.
34. Morrison, H. and Gettelman, A.: A new two-moment bulk stratiform cloud microphysics scheme in the Community Atmosphere Model, Version 3 (CAM3), part I: description and numerical tests, J. Climate, 21, 3642-3659, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2105.1, 2008.
35. Nenes, A. and Seinfeld, J. H.: Parameterization of cloud droplet formation in global climate models, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4415, doi:10.1029/2002JD002911, 2003.
36. Nenes, A., Ghan, S., Abdul-Razzak, H., Chuang, P. Y., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Kinetic limitations on cloud droplet formation and impact on cloud albedo, Tellus B, 53, 133-149, doi:10.1034/j.1600-0889.2001.d01-12.x, 2001.
37. Ovtchinnikov, M. and Ghan, S. J.: Parallel simulations of aerosol influence on clouds using cloud-resolving and single-column models, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D15S10, doi:10.1029/2004JD005088, 2005.
38. Petters, M. D. and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A single parameter representation of hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1961-1971, doi:10.5194/acp-7-1961-2007, 2007.
39. Platnick, S. and S. Twomey: Determining the susceptibility of cloud albedo to changes in droplet concentration with the advanced very high resolution radiometer, J. Appl. Meteorol., 33, 334-347, doi:10.1175/1520- 0450(1994)033〈0334:DTSOCA〉2.0.CO;2, 1994.
40. Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., Kiehl, J. T., and Rosenfeld, D.: Aerosols, Climate, and The Hydrological Cycle, Science, 294, 2119-2124, doi:10.1126/science.1064034, 2001.
41. Rosenfeld, D., Lohmann, U., Raga, G. B., O'Dowd, C. D., Kulmala, M., Fuzzi, S., Reissell, A., and Andreae, M. O., Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?, Science, 321, 1309-1313, 2008.
42. Reutter, P., Su, H., Trentmann, J., Simmel, M., Rose, D., Gunthe, S. S., Wernli, H., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Aerosol-and updraft-limited regimes of cloud droplet formation: influence of particle number, size and hygroscopicity on the activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7067-7080, doi:10.5194/acp-9-7067-2009, 2009.
43. Song, X., Zhang, G. J., and Li J.-L. F.: Evaluation of microphysics parameterization for convective clouds in the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model CAM5, J. Clim., 25, 8568-8590, 2012.
44. Twomey, S.: Pollution and the planetary albedo, Atmos. Environ., 8, 1251-1256, doi:10.1016/0004-6981(74)90004-3, 1974.
45. Twomey, S.: Influence of pollution on shortwave albedo of clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1149-1152, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034, 1149:TIOPOT.2.0. CO;2, 1977.
46. Twomey, S.: Aerosols, clouds and radiation, Atmos. Environ., 25A, 2435-2442, doi:10.1016/0960-1686(91)90159-5, 1991.
47. Vehkamäki, H., Kulmala, M., Napari, I., Lehtinen, K. E. J., Timmreck, C., Noppel, M., and Laaksonen, A.: An improved parameterization for sulfuric acid water nucleation rates for tropospheric and stratospheric conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4622-4632, doi:10.1029/2002JD002184, 2002.
48. Wang, M., Penner, J. E., and Liu, X.: Coupled IMPACT aerosol and NCAR CAM3 model: Evaluation of predicted aerosol number and size distribution, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06302, doi:10.1029/2008JD010459, 2009.
49. Xie, S., Liu, X., Zhao, C., and Zhang, Y.: Sensitivity of CAM5-simulated arctic clouds and radiation to ice nucleation parameterization, J. Climate, 26, 5981-5999, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00517.1, 2013.
50. Yang, B., Qian, Y., Lin, G., Leung, L-Y, Rasch, P. J., Zhang, G. J., McFarlane, S. A., Zhao, C., Zhang, Y., Wang, H., Wang, M., and Liu, X.: Uncertainty quantification and parameter tuning in the CAM5 Zhang-McFarlane convection scheme and impact of improved convection on the global circulation and climate, J. Geo-phys. Res. Atmos., 118, 395-415, doi:10.1029/2012JD018213, 2013.
51. Yu, F.: Ion-mediated nucleation in the atmosphere: Key controlling parameters, implications, and look-up table, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D03206, doi:10.1029/2009JD012630, 2010.
52. Zender, C., Bian, H., and Newman, D.: Mineral Dust En-trainmentand Deposition (DEAD) model: Description and 1990s dust climatology, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4416-4437, doi:10.1029/2002JD002775, 2003.
53. Zhang, G. J. and McFarlane, N. A.: Sensitivity of climate simulations to the parameterization of cumulus convection in the Canadian Climate Centre general circulation model, Atmos. Ocean, 33, 407-446, 1995.
54. Zhang, Y.: Online-coupled meteorology and chemistry models: history, current status, and outlook, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2895-2932, doi:10.5194/acp-8-2895-2008, 2008.
55. Zhang, Y., Karamchandani, P., Glotfelty, T., Streets, D. G., Skamarock, W. C., Grell, G., Nenes, A., Yu, F., and Ben-nartz, R.: Development and initial application of the Global-Through-Urban Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry (GU-WRF/Chem), J. Geophys. Res., 117, D20206, doi:10.1029/2012JD017966, 2012.