메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue MAY, 2014, Pages

Adult age-differences in subjective impression of emotional faces are reflected in emotion-related attention and memory tasks

Author keywords

Aging; Arousal; Attention; Categorical perception; Emotion; Faces; Memory; Subjective rating

Indexed keywords


EID: 84904551869     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00423     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (12)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 0029436674 scopus 로고
    • Categorical effects in the perception of faces
    • doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00669-X
    • Beale, J. M., and Keil, F. C. (1995). Categorical effects in the perception of faces. Cognition 57, 217-239. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(95)00669-X
    • (1995) Cognition , vol.57 , pp. 217-239
    • Beale, J.M.1    Keil, F.C.2
  • 2
    • 79955086352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How emotional pictures influence visuospatial binding in short-term memory in ageing and Alzheimer';s disease?
    • doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.008
    • Borg, C., Leroy, N., Favre, E., Laurent, B., and Thomas-Antérion, C. (2011). How emotional pictures influence visuospatial binding in short-term memory in ageing and Alzheimer';s disease? Brain Cogn. 76, 20-25. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2011.03.008
    • (2011) Brain Cogn , vol.76 , pp. 20-25
    • Borg, C.1    Leroy, N.2    Favre, E.3    Laurent, B.4    Thomas-Antérion, C.5
  • 3
    • 0021155519 scopus 로고
    • Discrimination and matching within and between hues measured by reaction times: some implications for categorical perception and levels of information processing
    • doi: 10.1007/BF00308884
    • Bornstein, M. H., and Korda, N. O. (1984). Discrimination and matching within and between hues measured by reaction times: some implications for categorical perception and levels of information processing. Psychol. Res. 46, 207-222. doi: 10.1007/BF00308884
    • (1984) Psychol. Res. , vol.46 , pp. 207-222
    • Bornstein, M.H.1    Korda, N.O.2
  • 4
    • 34548832229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieval of emotional memories
    • doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.761
    • Buchanan, T. W. (2007). Retrieval of emotional memories. Psychol. Bull. 133, 761-779. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.761
    • (2007) Psychol. Bull. , vol.133 , pp. 761-779
    • Buchanan, T.W.1
  • 5
    • 0037210726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial expression recognition across the adult life span
    • doi: 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00149-5
    • Calder, A. J., Keane, J., Manly, T., Sprengelmeyer, R., Scott, S., Nimmo-Smith, I., et al. (2003). Facial expression recognition across the adult life span. Neuropsychologia 41, 195-202. doi: 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00149-5
    • (2003) Neuropsychologia , vol.41 , pp. 195-202
    • Calder, A.J.1    Keane, J.2    Manly, T.3    Sprengelmeyer, R.4    Scott, S.5    Nimmo-Smith, I.6
  • 6
    • 0001939057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Categorical perception of morphed facial expressions
    • doi: 10.1080/713756735
    • Calder, A. J., Young, A. W., Perrett, D. I., Etcoff, N. L., and Rowland, D. (1996). Categorical perception of morphed facial expressions. Vis. Cogn. 3, 81-117. doi: 10.1080/713756735
    • (1996) Vis. Cogn. , vol.3 , pp. 81-117
    • Calder, A.J.1    Young, A.W.2    Perrett, D.I.3    Etcoff, N.L.4    Rowland, D.5
  • 7
    • 0037082987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Categorical perception of happiness and fear facial expressions: an ERP study
    • doi: 10.1162/089892902317236858
    • Campanella, S., Quinet, P., Bruyer, R., Crommelinck, M., and Guerit, J.-M. (2002). Categorical perception of happiness and fear facial expressions: an ERP study. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 14, 210-227. doi: 10.1162/089892902317236858
    • (2002) J. Cogn. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 210-227
    • Campanella, S.1    Quinet, P.2    Bruyer, R.3    Crommelinck, M.4    Guerit, J.-M.5
  • 8
    • 33745606960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of a sence of time on human development
    • doi: 10.1126/science.1127488
    • Carstensen, L. L. (2006). The influence of a sence of time on human development. Science 312, 1913-1915. doi: 10.1126/science.1127488
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1913-1915
    • Carstensen, L.L.1
  • 9
    • 0033093971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking time seriously: a theory of socioemotional selectivity
    • doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165
    • Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., and Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: a theory of socioemotional selectivity. Am. Psychol. 54, 165-181. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165
    • (1999) Am. Psychol. , vol.54 , pp. 165-181
    • Carstensen, L.L.1    Isaacowitz, D.M.2    Charles, S.T.3
  • 10
    • 4544248025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identity but not expression memory for unfamiliar faces is affected by ageing
    • doi: 10.1080/09658210344000198
    • D';Argembeau, A., and van der Linden, M. (2004). Identity but not expression memory for unfamiliar faces is affected by ageing. Memory 12, 644-654. doi: 10.1080/09658210344000198
    • (2004) Memory , vol.12 , pp. 644-654
    • D'Argembeau, A.1    van der Linden, M.2
  • 11
    • 66949158380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young and older emotional faces: are there age group differences in expression identification and memory?
    • doi: 10.1037/a0015179
    • Ebner, N. C., and Johnson, M. K. (2009). Young and older emotional faces: are there age group differences in expression identification and memory? Emotion 9, 329-339. doi: 10.1037/a0015179
    • (2009) Emotion , vol.9 , pp. 329-339
    • Ebner, N.C.1    Johnson, M.K.2
  • 12
    • 84867083115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms of reading facial emotions in young and older adults
    • doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00223
    • Ebner, N. C., Johnson, M. K., and Fischer, H. (2012). Neural mechanisms of reading facial emotions in young and older adults. Front. Psychol. 3:223. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00223
    • (2012) Front. Psychol. , vol.3 , pp. 223
    • Ebner, N.C.1    Johnson, M.K.2    Fischer, H.3
  • 13
    • 84877332804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing own-age vs. other-age faces: neuro-behavioral correlates and effects of emotion
    • doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.029
    • Ebner, N. C., Johnson, M. R., Rieckmann, A., Durbin, K. A., Johnson, M. K., and Fischer, H. (2013). Processing own-age vs. other-age faces: neuro-behavioral correlates and effects of emotion. Neuroimage 78, 363-371. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.029
    • (2013) Neuroimage , vol.78 , pp. 363-371
    • Ebner, N.C.1    Johnson, M.R.2    Rieckmann, A.3    Durbin, K.A.4    Johnson, M.K.5    Fischer, H.6
  • 14
    • 0026927845 scopus 로고
    • Categorical perception of facial expressions
    • doi
    • Etcoff, N. L., and Magee, J. J. (1992). Categorical perception of facial expressions. Cognition 44, 227-240. doi: 10.1016/0010-0277(92)90002-Y
    • (1992) Cognition , vol.44 , pp. 227-240
    • Etcoff, N.L.1    Magee, J.J.2
  • 15
    • 0016823810 scopus 로고
    • "Mini-mental state A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for clinician
    • doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
    • Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., and McHugh, P. R. (1975). "Mini-mental state." A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for clinician. J. Psychiatry Resx. 12, 189-198. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
    • (1975) J. Psychiatry Resx. , vol.12 , pp. 189-198
    • Folstein, M.F.1    Folstein, S.E.2    McHugh, P.R.3
  • 16
    • 76849100709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related differences in brain regions supporting successful encoding of emotional faces
    • doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.05.011
    • Fischer, H., Nyberg, L., and Bäckman, L. (2010). Age-related differences in brain regions supporting successful encoding of emotional faces. Cortex 46, 490-497. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2009.05.011
    • (2010) Cortex , vol.46 , pp. 490-497
    • Fischer, H.1    Nyberg, L.2    Bäckman, L.3
  • 17
    • 36348934700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The world of emotions is not two-dimensional
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02024.x
    • Fontaine, J. R. J., Scherer, K. R., Roesch, E. B., and Ellsworth, P. C. (2007). The world of emotions is not two-dimensional. Psychol. Sci. 18, 1050-1057. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.02024.x
    • (2007) Psychol. Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 1050-1057
    • Fontaine, J.R.J.1    Scherer, K.R.2    Roesch, E.B.3    Ellsworth, P.C.4
  • 18
    • 34248206158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of age on memory for emotional faces
    • doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.21.3.371
    • Grady, C. L., Hongwanishkul, D., Keightley, M., Lee, W., and Hasher, L. (2007). The effect of age on memory for emotional faces. Neuropsychology 21, 371-380. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.21.3.371
    • (2007) Neuropsychology , vol.21 , pp. 371-380
    • Grady, C.L.1    Hongwanishkul, D.2    Keightley, M.3    Lee, W.4    Hasher, L.5
  • 19
    • 33751175674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging and visual search: automatic and controlled attentional bias to threat faces
    • doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.01.008
    • Hahn, S., Carlson, C., Singer, S., and Gronlund, S. D. (2006). Aging and visual search: automatic and controlled attentional bias to threat faces. Acta Psychol. 123, 312-336. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.01.008
    • (2006) Acta Psychol , vol.123 , pp. 312-336
    • Hahn, S.1    Carlson, C.2    Singer, S.3    Gronlund, S.D.4
  • 20
    • 84898571345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of affective states varying in motivational intensity on cognitive scope
    • doi: 10.3389/fnint.2012.00073
    • Harmon-Jones, E., Gable, P., and Price, T. F. (2012). The influence of affective states varying in motivational intensity on cognitive scope. Front. Integr. Neurosci. 6:73. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2012.00073
    • (2012) Front. Integr. Neurosci. , vol.6 , pp. 73
    • Harmon-Jones, E.1    Gable, P.2    Price, T.F.3
  • 21
    • 84873678697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recognition of facial expressions: an investigation of the influence of age and cognition
    • doi: 10.1080/13825585.2011.645011
    • Horning, S. M., Cornwell, R. E., and Davis, H. P. (2012). The recognition of facial expressions: an investigation of the influence of age and cognition. Neuropsychol. Dev. Cogn. B Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. 19, 657-676. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2011.645011
    • (2012) Neuropsychol. Dev. Cogn. B Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. , vol.19 , pp. 657-676
    • Horning, S.M.1    Cornwell, R.E.2    Davis, H.P.3
  • 22
    • 33748300734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there an age-related positivity effect in visual attention? A comparison of two methodologies
    • doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.6.3.511
    • Isaacowitz, D. M., Wadlinger, H. A., Goren, D., and Wilson, H. R. (2006). Is there an age-related positivity effect in visual attention? A comparison of two methodologies. Emotion 6, 511-516. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.6.3.511
    • (2006) Emotion , vol.6 , pp. 511-516
    • Isaacowitz, D.M.1    Wadlinger, H.A.2    Goren, D.3    Wilson, H.R.4
  • 24
    • 33748989001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age effects on social cognition: faces tell a different story
    • doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.558
    • Keightley, M. L., Winocur, G., Burianova, H., Hongwanishkul, D., and Grady, C. L. (2006). Age effects on social cognition: faces tell a different story. Psychol. Aging 21, 558-572. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.558
    • (2006) Psychol. Aging , vol.21 , pp. 558-572
    • Keightley, M.L.1    Winocur, G.2    Burianova, H.3    Hongwanishkul, D.4    Grady, C.L.5
  • 25
    • 15244363374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Categorical perception of faces and facial expressions: the age factor
    • doi: 10.1080/03610730590914985
    • Kiffel, C., Campanella, S., and Bruyer, R. (2005). Categorical perception of faces and facial expressions: the age factor. Exp. Aging Res. 31, 119-147. doi: 10.1080/03610730590914985
    • (2005) Exp. Aging Res. , vol.31 , pp. 119-147
    • Kiffel, C.1    Campanella, S.2    Bruyer, R.3
  • 26
    • 77953535449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion and the motivational brain
    • Lang, P., and Bradley, M. (2010). Emotion and the motivational brain. Biol. Psychol. 84, 437-450. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2009.10.007
    • (2010) Biol. Psychol. , vol.84 , pp. 437-450
    • Lang, P.1    Bradley, M.2
  • 27
    • 59749086066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological correlates of improved short-term memory for emotional faces
    • doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.12.024
    • Langeslag, S. J. E., Morgan, H. M., Jackson, M. C., Linden, D. E. J., and Van Strien, J. W. (2009). Electrophysiological correlates of improved short-term memory for emotional faces. Neuropsychologia 47, 887-896. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.12.024
    • (2009) Neuropsychologia , vol.47 , pp. 887-896
    • Langeslag, S.J.E.1    Morgan, H.M.2    Jackson, M.C.3    Linden, D.E.J.4    Van Strien, J.W.5
  • 28
    • 66949144049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • E., and van Strien, J. W
    • doi: 10.1037/a0015356
    • Langeslag, S. J. E., and van Strien, J. W. (2009). Aging and emotional memory: the co-occurrence of neurophysiological and behavioral positivity effects. Emotion 9, 369-377. doi: 10.1037/a0015356
    • (2009) Emotion , vol.9 , pp. 369-377
    • Langeslag, S.J.1
  • 29
    • 43049098257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age on detection of emotional information
    • doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.209
    • Leclerc, C. M., and Kensinger, E. A. (2008). Effects of age on detection of emotional information. Psychol. Aging 23, 209-215. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.209
    • (2008) Psychol. Aging , vol.23 , pp. 209-215
    • Leclerc, C.M.1    Kensinger, E.A.2
  • 30
    • 78149258114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related valence-based reversal in recruitment of medial prefrontal cortex on a visual search task
    • doi: 10.1080/17470910903512296
    • Leclerc, C. M., and Kensinger, E. A. (2010). Age-related valence-based reversal in recruitment of medial prefrontal cortex on a visual search task. Soc. Neurosci. 5, 560-576. doi: 10.1080/17470910903512296
    • (2010) Soc. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 560-576
    • Leclerc, C.M.1    Kensinger, E.A.2
  • 31
    • 58149431134 scopus 로고
    • The discrimination of speech sounds within and across phoneme boundaries
    • doi: 10.1037/h0044417
    • Liberman, A. M., Harris, K. S., Hoffman, H. S., and Griffith, B. C. (1957). The discrimination of speech sounds within and across phoneme boundaries. J. Exp. Psychol. 54, 358-368. doi: 10.1037/h0044417
    • (1957) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.54 , pp. 358-368
    • Liberman, A.M.1    Harris, K.S.2    Hoffman, H.S.3    Griffith, B.C.4
  • 32
    • 84861491198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brain basis of emotion: a meta-analytic review
    • doi: 10.1017/S0140525X11000446
    • Lindquist, K. A., Wager, T. D., Kober, H., Bliss-Moreau, E., and Barrett, L. F. (2012). The brain basis of emotion: a meta-analytic review. Behav. Brain Sci. 35, 121-202. doi: 10.1017/S0140525X11000446
    • (2012) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 121-202
    • Lindquist, K.A.1    Wager, T.D.2    Kober, H.3    Bliss-Moreau, E.4    Barrett, L.F.5
  • 33
    • 84855666170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion processing facilitates working memory performance
    • doi: 10.1080/02699931.2010.527703
    • Lindström, B. R., and Bohlin, G. (2011). Emotion processing facilitates working memory performance. Cogn. Emot. 25, 1196-1204. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2010.527703
    • (2011) Cogn. Emot. , vol.25 , pp. 1196-1204
    • Lindström, B.R.1    Bohlin, G.2
  • 34
    • 0003204294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The face of wrath: critical features for conveying facial threat
    • doi: 10.1080/026999399379041
    • Lundqvist, D., Esteves, F., and Öhman, A. (1999). The face of wrath: critical features for conveying facial threat. Cogn. Emot. 13, 691-711. doi: 10.1080/026999399379041
    • (1999) Cogn. Emot. , vol.13 , pp. 691-711
    • Lundqvist, D.1    Esteves, F.2    Öhman, A.3
  • 35
    • 84902828094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using facial emotional stimuli in visual search experiments: the arousal factor explains contradictory results
    • doi: 10.1080/02699931.2013.867479. [Epub ahead of print]
    • Lundqvist, D., Juth, P., and Öhman, A. (2013b). Using facial emotional stimuli in visual search experiments: the arousal factor explains contradictory results. Cogn. Emot. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2013.867479. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2013) Cogn. Emot.
    • Lundqvist, D.1    Juth, P.2    Öhman, A.3
  • 36
    • 0042772701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Averaged Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces - AKDEF
    • Stockholm: CD ROM from Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychology section, Karolinska Institutet. ISBN: 91-630-7164-9
    • Lundqvist, D., and Litton, J. E. (1998). The Averaged Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces - AKDEF. Stockholm: CD ROM from Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychology section, Karolinska Institutet. ISBN: 91-630-7164-9.
    • (1998)
    • Lundqvist, D.1    Litton, J.E.2
  • 37
    • 84890179586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related differences in sensitivity to emotional facial stimuli but age-independent association between arousal ratings and visual search efficiency
    • Lundqvist, D., Svärd, J., and Fischer, H. (2013a). Age-related differences in sensitivity to emotional facial stimuli but age-independent association between arousal ratings and visual search efficiency. Psychol. Topics 22, 271-286.
    • (2013) Psychol. Topics , vol.22 , pp. 271-286
    • Lundqvist, D.1    Svärd, J.2    Fischer, H.3
  • 38
    • 0142086970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging and attentional biases for emotional faces
    • doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.01455
    • Mather, M., and Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Aging and attentional biases for emotional faces. Psychol. Sci. 14, 409-415. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.01455
    • (2003) Psychol. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 409-415
    • Mather, M.1    Carstensen, L.L.2
  • 39
    • 30344470740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angry faces get noticed quickly: threat detection is not impaired among older adults
    • doi: 10.1093/geronb/61.1.P54
    • Mather, M., and Knight, M. R. (2006). Angry faces get noticed quickly: threat detection is not impaired among older adults. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 61, 54-57. doi: 10.1093/geronb/61.1.P54
    • (2006) J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 54-57
    • Mather, M.1    Knight, M.R.2
  • 40
    • 80051820447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arousal-biased competition in perception and memory
    • doi: 10.1177/1745691611400234
    • Mather, M., and Sutherland, M. R. (2011). Arousal-biased competition in perception and memory. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 6, 114-133. doi: 10.1177/1745691611400234
    • (2011) Perspect. Psychol. Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 114-133
    • Mather, M.1    Sutherland, M.R.2
  • 41
    • 0028534960 scopus 로고
    • Is right hemisphere decline in the perception of emotion a function of aging?
    • McDowell, C. L., Harrison, D. W., and Demaree, H. A. (1994). Is right hemisphere decline in the perception of emotion a function of aging? Intern. J. Neurosci. 79, 1-11.
    • (1994) Intern. J. Neurosci. , vol.79 , pp. 1-11
    • McDowell, C.L.1    Harrison, D.W.2    Demaree, H.A.3
  • 42
    • 31044445800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent trajectories in the aging mind: changes in working memory for affective versus visual information with age
    • doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.20.4.542
    • Mikels, J. A., Larkin, G. R., Reuter-Lorenz, P. A., and Cartensen, L. L. (2005). Divergent trajectories in the aging mind: changes in working memory for affective versus visual information with age. Psychol. Aging 20, 542-553. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.20.4.542
    • (2005) Psychol. Aging , vol.20 , pp. 542-553
    • Mikels, J.A.1    Larkin, G.R.2    Reuter-Lorenz, P.A.3    Cartensen, L.L.4
  • 43
    • 0013868938 scopus 로고
    • Dimensionality of the semantic space for communication via facial expressions
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1966.tb01334.x
    • Osgood, C. E. (1966). Dimensionality of the semantic space for communication via facial expressions. Scand. J. Psychol. 7, 1-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.1966.tb01334.x
    • (1966) Scand. J. Psychol. , vol.7 , pp. 1-30
    • Osgood, C.E.1
  • 44
    • 58149423944 scopus 로고
    • Factor analysis of meaning
    • doi: 10.1037/h0043965
    • Osgood, C. E., and Suci, G. J. (1955). Factor analysis of meaning. J. Exp. Psychol. 50, 325-338. doi: 10.1037/h0043965
    • (1955) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.50 , pp. 325-338
    • Osgood, C.E.1    Suci, G.J.2
  • 46
    • 40149096026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analytic review of emotion recognition and aging: implications for neuropsychological models of aging
    • doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.01.001
    • Ruffman, T., Henry, J. D., Livingstone, V., and Phillips, L. H. (2008). A meta-analytic review of emotion recognition and aging: implications for neuropsychological models of aging. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 32, 863-881. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.01.001
    • (2008) Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. , vol.32 , pp. 863-881
    • Ruffman, T.1    Henry, J.D.2    Livingstone, V.3    Phillips, L.H.4
  • 47
    • 64149088203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Older adults respond quickly to angry faces despite labeling difficulty
    • doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbn035
    • Ruffman, T., Ng, M., and Jenkin, T. (2009). Older adults respond quickly to angry faces despite labeling difficulty. J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. 64, 171-179. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbn035
    • (2009) J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 171-179
    • Ruffman, T.1    Ng, M.2    Jenkin, T.3
  • 48
    • 85009391455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion
    • doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.110.1.145
    • Russell, J. A. (2003). Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion. Psychol. Rev. 110, 145-172. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.110.1.145
    • (2003) Psychol. Rev. , vol.110 , pp. 145-172
    • Russell, J.A.1
  • 49
    • 0017712350 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a three-factor theory of emotions
    • doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(77)90037-X
    • Russell, J. A., and Mehrabian, A. (1977). Evidence for a three-factor theory of emotions. J. Res. Pers. 11, 273-294. doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(77)90037-X
    • (1977) J. Res. Pers. , vol.11 , pp. 273-294
    • Russell, J.A.1    Mehrabian, A.2
  • 51
    • 84876125750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive aging explains age-related differences in face-based recognition of basic emotions except for anger and disgust
    • doi: 10.1080/13825585.2012.692761
    • Suzuki, A., and Akiyama, H. (2013). Cognitive aging explains age-related differences in face-based recognition of basic emotions except for anger and disgust. Neuropsychol. Dev. Cogn. B Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. 20, 253-270. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2012.692761
    • (2013) Neuropsychol. Dev. Cogn. B Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. , vol.20 , pp. 253-270
    • Suzuki, A.1    Akiyama, H.2
  • 52
    • 84870913986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superior recognition performance for happy masked and unmasked faces in both younger and older adults
    • doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00520
    • Svärd, J., Wiens, S., and Fischer, H. (2012). Superior recognition performance for happy masked and unmasked faces in both younger and older adults. Front. Psychol. 3:520. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00520
    • (2012) Front. Psychol. , vol.3 , pp. 520
    • Svärd, J.1    Wiens, S.2    Fischer, H.3
  • 53
    • 0031160609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial expression megamix: tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition
    • doi: 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00003-6
    • Young, A. W., Rowland, D., Calder, A. J., Etcoff, N. L., Seth, A., and Perrett, D. I. (1997). Facial expression megamix: tests of dimensional and category accounts of emotion recognition. Cognition 63, 271-313. doi: 10.1016/S0010-0277(97)00003-6
    • (1997) Cognition , vol.63 , pp. 271-313
    • Young, A.W.1    Rowland, D.2    Calder, A.J.3    Etcoff, N.L.4    Seth, A.5    Perrett, D.I.6
  • 54
    • 0020527558 scopus 로고
    • The hospital anxiety depression scale
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
    • Zigmond, A., and Snaith, R. (1983). The hospital anxiety depression scale. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 67, 361-370. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x
    • (1983) Acta Psychiatr. Scand. , vol.67 , pp. 361-370
    • Zigmond, A.1    Snaith, R.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.