The effect of primary delivery of the anterior compared with the posterior shoulder on perineal trauma: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Willer, Hanne ^a   Aabakke, Anna J M ^a   Krebs, Lone ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

anal canal injuries; delivery; delivery of the shoulders; labour stage; lacerations prevention and control; obstetric labour complications prevention and control; obstetric methods; perineum injuries; second

Indexed keywords

APGAR SCORE; ARTICLE; BIRTH INJURY; BLOOD PH; EPISIOTOMY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LABOR STAGE; MIDWIFE; PERINEUM INJURY; PLACENTAL DELIVERY; POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SHOULDER; UMBILICAL ARTERY; VAGINAL DELIVERY; ADVERSE EFFECTS; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DELIVERY; INJURIES; MEDICAL ETHICS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERINEUM; PREGNANCY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY;

CLINICAL PROTOCOLS; DELIVERY, OBSTETRIC; ETHICS, MEDICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PERINEUM; PREGNANCY; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SHOULDER;

EID: 84904445863     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17456215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-291     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Albers L, Garcia J, Renfrew M, McCandlish R, Elbourne D. Distribution of genital tract trauma in childbirth and related postnatal pain. Birth 1999, 26:11-17. 10.1046/j.1523-536x.1999.00011.x, 10352050.
2. McCandlish R, Bowler U, van AH, Berridge G, Winter C, Sames L, Garcia J, Renfrew M, Elbourne D. A randomised controlled trial of care of the perineum during second stage of normal labour. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998, 105:1262-1272. 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10004.x, 9883917.
3. Kindberg S. Hvor stor risiko er der for at fa˚ en bristning. http://www.gynzone.dk/kvinde-liv/faq-om-underliv.
4. Aasheim V, Nilsen AB, Lukasse M, Reinar LM. Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011, 12. CD006672.
5. Radestad I, Olsson A, Nissen E, Rubertsson C. Tears in the vagina, perineum, sphincter ani, and rectum and first sexual intercourse after childbirth: a nationwide follow-up. Birth 2008, 35:98-106. 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2008.00222.x, 18507580.
6. Williams A, Herron-Marx S, Carolyn H. The prevalence of enduring postnatal perineal morbidity and its relationship to perineal trauma. Midwifery 2007, 23:392-403. 10.1016/j.midw.2005.12.006, 17196714.
7. Smith LA, Price N, Simonite V, Burns EE. Incidence of and risk factors for perineal trauma: a prospective observational study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2013, 13:59-67. 10.1186/1471-2393-13-59, 3599825, 23497085.
8. Jango H, Langhoff-Roos J, Rosthoj S, Sakse A. Modifiable risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter injury in primiparous women: a population-based cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014, 210:59. e1-6.
9. Stedenfeldt M, Oian P, Gissler M, Blix E, Pirhonen J. Risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injury after a successful multicentre interventional programme. BJOG 2014, 121:83-91. 10.1111/1471-0528.12274, 23682573.
10. Laine K, Pirhonen T, Rolland R, Pirhonen J. Decreasing the incidence of anal sphincter tears during delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2008, 111:1053-1057. 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31816c4402, 18448735.
11. Hals E, Oian P, Pirhonen T, Gissler M, Hjelle S, Nilsen EB, Severinsen AM, Solsletten C, Hartgill T, Pirhonen J. A multicenter interventional program to reduce the incidence of anal sphincter tears. Obstet Gynecol 2010, 116:901-908. 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181eda77a, 20859154.
12. Laine K, Skjeldestad FE, Sandvik L, Staff AC. Incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries after training to protect the perineum: cohort study. BMJ Open 2012, 2:e001649. 3488722, 23075573.
13. Downe S. The transition and the second stage of labour: physiology and the role of the midwife. Myles Textbook for Midwives 2009, 509-530. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, Fraser D, Cooper MA, Myles MF, 15.
14. Normal labor and delivery. Williams Obstetrics 2009, 374-409. New York: McGraw-Hill, Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Hauth JC, Rouse DJ, Spong CY, 23.
15. Sokol RJ, Blackwell SC. ACOG practice bulletin: shoulder dystocia. Number 40, November 2002. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003, 80:87-92.
16. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Shoulder Dystocia. Green-top Guideline No. 42. http://www.rcog.org.uk/files/rcog-corp/GTG42_25112013.pdf, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
17. Grimm MJ, Costello RE, Gonik B. Effect of clinician-applied maneuvers on brachial plexus stretch during a shoulder dystocia event: investigation using a computer simulation model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010, 203:339-335.
18. Kettle C, Tohill S. Perineal care. Clin Evid (Online) 2011, 2011:1401. 3275301, 21481287.
19. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists The Management of Third- and Fourth-Degree Perineal Tears. Green-top Guideline No. 29. http://www.rcog.org.uk/files/rcog-corp/GTG2911022011.pdf, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.
20. Statens Serum Institut Dataformidling: Sygehusfødsler og komplikationer. http://www.ssi.dk/Sundhedsdataogit/Dataformidling/Sundhedsdata/Fodsler/Sygehusfodsler.aspx, Statens Serum Institut.
21. Chan AW, Tetzlaff JM, Gøtzsche PC, Altman DG, Mann H, Berlin JA, Dickersin K, Hro´bjartsson A, Schulz KF, Parulekar WR, Krleza-Jeric K, Laupacis A, Moher D. SPIRIT 2013 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials. BMJ 2013, 346:e7586. 10.1136/bmj.e7586, 3541470, 23303884.
22. Kan ha˚ndgreb forhindre indgreb?. http://www.willersmetode.dk.
23. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors Recommendations for the conduct, reporting, editing, and publication of scholarly work in medical journals: roles and responsibilities of authors, contributors, reviewers, editors, publishers, and owners: defining the role of authors and contributors. http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html, International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.