Factors associated with health facility childbirth in districts of Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia: A population based survey

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Ng'anjo Phiri, Selia ^a   Kiserud, Torvid ^a,b   Kvåle, Gunnar ^a   Byskov, Jens ^c   Evjen Olsen, Bjørg ^a,d   Michelo, Charles ^e   Echoka, Elizabeth ^f   Fylkesnes, Knut ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^b HAUKELAND UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^d Sorlandet Hospital   (Norway)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA   (Zambia)

^f KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Kenya)

Author keywords

Africa; Health facility childbirth; Home deliveries; Inequity; Kenya; Socioeconomic position; Tanzania; Zambia

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILDBIRTH; COUNSELING; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE FACILITY; HEALTH CARE SURVEY; HOME DELIVERY; HUMAN; KENYA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MATERNAL MORTALITY; MATERNAL WELFARE; MENTAL CAPACITY; RURAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMICS; TANZANIA; URBAN AREA; ZAMBIA; ADOLESCENT; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; MARRIAGE; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PREGNANCY; PRENATAL CARE; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIAL CLASS; STANDARDS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TRUST; URBAN POPULATION; UTILIZATION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HEALTH FACILITIES; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES; HOME CHILDBIRTH; HUMANS; KENYA; MARITAL STATUS; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PREGNANCY; PRENATAL CARE; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIAL CLASS; TANZANIA; TRUST; URBAN POPULATION; YOUNG ADULT; ZAMBIA;

EID: 84904431422     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14712393     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-219     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. UNICEF Maternal and Newborn Health 2009, New York: UNICEF, State of the World's Children, [http://www.unicef.org/sowc09/docs/SOWC09-FullReport-EN.pdf], UNICEF.
2. UNFPA The Cairo Consensus at Ten: Population, Reproductive Health and the Global Effort to End Poverty. State of World Population 2004 2004, UNFPA, [http://www.unfpa.org/swp/2004/pdf/en_swp04.pdf], UNFPA.
3. World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990-2010 2012, Geneva: WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank estimates, [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241503631_eng.pdf?au=1], World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank.
4. WHO Make Every Mother and Child Count 2005, Geneva: World Health Organization, The World Health Report 2005, [http://www.who.int/whr/2005/whr2005_en.pdf?au=1], WHO.
5. Graham WJ, Bell JS, Bullough CHW. Can skilled attendance at delivery reduce maternal mortality in developing countries?. Stud Health Serv Org Policy 2001, 17:97-129.
6. Lawn JE, Kerber K, Enweronu-Laryea C, Massee Bateman O. Newborn survival in low resource settings-are we delivering?. BJOG 2009, 116(Suppl 1):49-59.
7. WHO Making Pregnancy Safer: The Critical Role of the Skilled Attendant 2004, Geneva: World Health Organization, A joint statement by WHO, ICM and FIGO, [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2004/9241591692.pdf], WHO.
8. WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and AMDD Monitoring Emergency Obstetric Care: A Handbook 2009, Geneva: World Health Organization, [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/978924154773_eng.pdf?ua=1], WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and AMDD.
9. Harvey SA, Blandon YC, McCaw-Binns A, Sandino I, Urbina L, Rodriguez C, Gomez I, Ayabaca P, Djibrina S. Are skilled birth attendants really skilled? A measurement method, some disturbing results and a potential way forward. Bull World Health Organ 2007, 85(10):783-790.
10. Prata N, Passano P, Rowen T, Bell S, Walsh J, Potts M. Where there are (few) skilled birth attendants. J Health Popul Nutr 2011, 29(2):81-91.
11. Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, Ahn SY, Wang M, Makela SM, Lopez AD, Lozano R, Murray CJ. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. Lancet 2010, 375(9726):1609-1623.
12. Magadi M, Diamond I, Rodrigues RN. The determinants of delivery care in Kenya. Soc Biol 2000, 47(3-4):164-188.
13. Raghupathy S. Education and the use of maternal health care in Thailand. Soc Sci Med 1996, 43(4):459-471.
14. Elo IT. Utilization of maternal health-care services in Peru: the role of women's education. Health Transit Rev 1992, 2(1):49-69.
15. UN, Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), Southern-Africa-Office Report on the Progress and Prospects for the Attainment of Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) in Southern Africa. 2007, Addis Ababa: United Nations, UN, Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), Southern-Africa-Office.
16. Mpembeni RN, Killewo JZ, Leshabari MT, Massawe SN, Jahn A, Mushi D, Mwakipa H. Use pattern of maternal health services and determinants of skilled care during delivery in Southern Tanzania: implications for achievement of MDG-5 targets. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2007, 7:29.
17. Stekelenburg J, Kyanamina S, Mukelabai M, Wolffers I, van Roosmalen J. Waiting too long: low use of maternal health services in Kalabo, Zambia. Trop Med Int Health 2004, 9(3):390-398.
18. Gabrysch S, Cousens S, Cox J, Campbell OM. The influence of distance and level of care on delivery place in rural Zambia: a study of linked national data in a geographic information system. PLoS Med 2011, 8(1):e1000394.
19. Boerma JT, Bryce J, Kinfu Y, Axelson H, Victora CG. Mind the gap: equity and trends in coverage of maternal, newborn, and child health services in 54 Countdown countries. Lancet 2008, 371(9620):1259-1267.
20. Barros AJ, Ronsmans C, Axelson H, Loaiza E, Bertoldi AD, Franca GV, Bryce J, Boerma JT, Victora CG. Equity in maternal, newborn, and child health interventions in Countdown to 2015: a retrospective review of survey data from 54 countries. Lancet 2012, 379(9822):1225-1233.
21. Braveman P, Gruskin S. Defining equity in health. J Epidemiol Community Health 2003, 57(4):254-258.
22. Whitehead M. The concepts and principles of equity and health. Int J Health Serv 1992, 22(3):429-445.
23. Bhutta ZA, Chopra M, Axelson H, Berman P, Boerma T, Bryce J, Bustreo F, Cavagnero E, Cometto G, Daelmans B, De Francisco A, Fogstad H, Gupta N, Laski L, Lawn J, Maliqi B, Mason E, Pitt C, Requejo J, Starrs A, Victora C, Wardlaw T. Countdown to 2015 decade report (2000-10): taking stock of maternal, newborn, and child survival. Lancet 2010, 375(9730):2032-2044.
24. World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2008 2010, Geneva: WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank estimates, [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241500265_eng.pdf], World Health Organization, UNICEF, UNFPA and The World Bank.
25. Ahmed Y, Mwaba P, Chintu C, Grange JM, Ustianowski A, Zumla A. A study of maternal mortality at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia: the emergence of tuberculosis as a major non-obstetric cause of maternal death. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1999, 3(8):675-680.
26. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and ICF Macro 2010 2008-09 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey: Key Findings 2010, 2010. Calverton, Maryland, USA: KNBS and ICF Macro, Kenya National Bureau of Statistics and ICF Macro 2010.
27. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania] and ICF Macro2011 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2010 2011, Dar es Salaam: NBS and ICF Macro, National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) [Tanzania] and ICF Macro2011.
28. Central Statistical Office (CSO) MoH, Tropical Diseases Research Centre (TDRC), University of Zambia and Macro International Inc 2009 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2007 2007, Calverton, Maryland, USA: CSO and Macro International Inc, Central Statistical Office (CSO) MoH, Tropical Diseases Research Centre (TDRC), University of Zambia and Macro International Inc 2009.
29. Byskov J, Bloch P, Blystad A, Hurtig AK, Fylkesnes K, Kamuzora P, Kombe Y, Kvåle G, Marchal B, Martin DK, Michelo C, Ndawi B, Ngulube T, Nyamongo I, Olsen T, Onyango-Ouma W, Sandøy I, Shayo EH, Silwamba G, Songstad NG, Tuba M. Accountable priority setting for trust in health systems - the need for research into a new approach for strengthening sustainable health action in developing countries. Health Res Policy Syst 2009, 7:23.
30. Njeru MK, Blystad A, Shayo EH, Nyamongo IK, Fylkesnes K. Practicing provider-initiated HIV testing in high prevalence settings: consent concerns and missed preventive opportunities. BMC Health Serv Res 2011, 11:87.
31. Ministry of Planning and National Development Malindi District Strategic Plan 2005-2010 for Implementation of the National Population Policy for Sustainable Development 2005, Nairobi: National Coordinating Agency for Population and Development, Ministry of Planning and National Development.
32. National Bureau of Statistics Ministry of Planning Economy and Empowerment: The United Republic of Tanzania, Tanzania Census Analytical Report, Volume X 2002, Dar es Salaam: National Bureau of Statistics, National Bureau of Statistics Ministry of Planning Economy and Empowerment: The United Republic of Tanzania, Tanzania Census.
33. Republic of Zambia Central Statistical Office Zambia 2000 Census of Population and Housing Summary Report 2003, Lusaka: Desktop Publishing Unit, CSO, Republic of Zambia Central Statistical Office.
34. Mbarali District Council District Investment Profile 2010 2010, Mbarali: Mbarali District Council, Mbarali District Council.
35. Republic of Zambia Ministry of Health List of Health Facilities in Zambia 2010 2011, Lusaka, [http://www.moh.gov.zm/index.php/downloads/health-facilities/doc-details/22-list-of-health-facilities-in-zambia-2010], Republic of Zambia Ministry of Health.
36. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision. Population Division, Population Estimates and Projections Section 2012, [http://esa.un.org/unup/CD-ROM/Urban-Rural-Population.htm], United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
37. McCathy JMD. A framework for analyzing the determinants of maternal mortality. Stud Fam Plann 1992, 23:23-33.
38. Paxton A, Maine D, Freedman L, Fry D, Lobis S. The evidence for emergency obstetric care. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005, 88(2):181-193.
39. Babalola S, Fatusi A. Determinants of use of maternal health services in Nigeria-looking beyond individual and household factors. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2009, 9:43.
40. Navaneetham K, Dharmalingam A. Utilization of maternal health care services in Southern India. Soc Sci Med 2002, 55(10):1849-1869.
41. Gabrysch S, Campbell OM. Still too far to walk: literature review of the determinants of delivery service use. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2009, 9:34.
42. van Eijk AM, Bles HM, Odhiambo F, Ayisi JG, Blokland IE, Rosen DH, Adazu K, Slutsker L, Lindblade KA. Use of antenatal services and delivery care among women in rural western Kenya: a community based survey. Reprod Health 2006, 3:2.
43. Tann CJ, Kizza M, Morison L, Mabey D, Muwanga M, Grosskurth H, Elliott AM. Use of antenatal services and delivery care in Entebbe, Uganda: a community survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2007, 7:23.
44. Kruk ME, Mbaruku G, McCord CW, Moran M, Rockers PC, Galea S. Bypassing primary care facilities for childbirth: a population-based study in rural Tanzania. Health Policy Plan 2009, 24(4):279-288.
45. Gilson L, Alilio M, Heggenhougen K. Community satisfaction with primary health care services: an evaluation undertaken in the Morogoro region of Tanzania. Soc Sci Med 1994, 39(6):767-780.
46. Mrisho M, Schellenberg JA, Mushi AK, Obrist B, Mshinda H, Tanner M, Schellenberg D. Factors affecting home delivery in rural Tanzania. Trop Med Int Health 2007, 12(7):862-872.
47. Ronsmans C, Graham WJ. Maternal mortality: who, when, where, and why. Lancet 2006, 368(9542):1189-1200.
48. Onah HE, Ikeako LC, Iloabachie GC. Factors associated with the use of maternity services in Enugu, southeastern Nigeria. Soc Sci Med 2006, 63(7):1870-1878.
49. Fernando D, Jayatilleka A, Karunaratna V. Pregnancy-reducing maternal deaths and disability in Sri Lanka: national strategies. Br Med Bull 2003, 67:85-98.
50. Howe LD, Hargreaves JR, Huttly SR. Issues in the construction of wealth indices for the measurement of socio-economic position in low-income countries. Emerg Themes Epidemiol 2008, 5:3.
51. Yates R. Universal health care and the removal of user fees. Lancet 2009, 373(9680):2078-2081.
52. World Health Organization World Health Statistics 2012. Part III. Global health indicators. Health expenditure (2009). Global Health Observatory 2012, WHO, 2012, [http://www.who.int/healthinfo/EN_WHS2012_Part3.pdf], World Health Organization.
53. Kruk ME, Galea S, Prescott M, Freedman LP. Health care financing and utilization of maternal health services in developing countries. Health Policy Plan 2007, 22(5):303-310.
54. Koblinsky M, Matthews Z, Hussein J, Mavalankar D, Mridha MK, Anwar I, Achadi E, Adjei S, Padmanabhan P, Marchal B, De Brouwere V, Van Lerberghe W. Going to scale with professional skilled care. Lancet 2006, 368(9544):1377-1386.
55. Echoka E, Kombe Y, Dubourg D, Makokha A, Evjen-Olsen B, Mwangi M, Byskov J, Olsen OE, Mutisya R. Existence and functionality of emergency obstetric care services at district level in Kenya: theoretical coverage versus reality. BMC Health Serv Res 2013, 13:113.
56. Njeru MK, Blystad A, Nyamongo IK, Fylkesnes K. A critical assessment of the WHO responsiveness tool: lessons from voluntary HIV testing and counselling services in Kenya. BMC Health Serv Res 2009, 9:243.
57. Olsen EO, Ndeki S, Norheim OF. Human resources for emergency obstetric care in northern Tanzania: distribution of quantity or quality?. Hum Resour Health 2005, 3:5.
58. Olsen EO, Ndeki S, Norheim OF. Availability, distribution and use of emergency obstetric care in northern Tanzania. Health Policy Plan 2005, 20(3):167-175.
59. Juma D, Manongi R. Users' perceptions of outpatient quality of care in Kilosa District Hospital in central Tanzania. Tanzan J Health Res 2009, 11(4):196-204.
60. Haddad S, Fournier P, Potvin L. Measuring lay people's perceptions of the quality of primary health care services in developing countries. Validation of a 20-item scale. Int J Qual Health Care 1998, 10(2):93-104.
61. Narang R. Measuring perceived quality of measuring quality health care services in India. Int J Health Care Qual Assur 2010, 23(2):171-186.
62. van Duong D, Binns CW, Lee AH, Hipgrave DB. Measuring client-perceived quality of maternity services in rural Vietnam. Int J Qual Health Care 2004, 16(6):447-452.
63. Maluka S, Kamuzora P, Sansebastian M, Byskov J, Ndawi B, Olsen OE, Hurtig AK. Implementing accountability for reasonableness framework at district level in Tanzania: a realist evaluation. Implement Sci 2011, 6:11.