Atopic dermatitis: An evidence-based treatment update

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 149-164

  Silverberg, Jonathan I ^a  

^a NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; AZATHIOPRINE; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CERAMIDE; CORTICOSTEROID; CYCLOSPORIN; EMOLLIENT AGENT; GLYCYRRHETINIC ACID; HERBACEOUS AGENT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; METHOTREXATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PETROLATUM; PROBIOTIC AGENT; SKIN CREAM; VITAMIN D; DERMATOLOGICAL AGENT; GLUCOCORTICOID;

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; ATOPIC DERMATITIS; BALNEOTHERAPY; COGNITION; DIET THERAPY; DISEASE SEVERITY; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; HERBAL MEDICINE; HUMAN; IMMUNOTHERAPY; PHOTOTHERAPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW (TOPIC); VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; DERMATITIS, ATOPIC; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; INTRADERMAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; PATHOLOGY; PROCEDURES;

ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; DERMATITIS, ATOPIC; DERMATOLOGIC AGENTS; EMOLLIENTS; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; HUMANS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; PHOTOTHERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84904286006     PISSN: 11750561     EISSN: 11791888     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-014-0062-z     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD 2010 change in leading causes and risks between 1990 and 2010. Available from URL: http://www. healthmetricsandevaluation.org/gbd/visualizations/gbd-2010-change-leading- causes-and-risks-between-1990-and-2010 [Accessed 30 Aug 2013].
2. Shaw TE, Currie GP, Koudelka CW, Simpson EL. Eczema prevalence in the United States: data from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health. J Investig Dermatol. 2011;131(1):67-73.
3. Silverberg JI, Simpson EL. Association between severe eczema in children and multiple comorbid conditions and increased healthcare utilization. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013;24(5):476-86.
4. Muto T, Hsieh SD, Sakurai Y, Yoshinaga H, Suto H, Okumura K, et al. Prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Japanese adults. Br J Dermatol. 2003;148(1):117-21. (Pubitemid 36114871)
5. Silverberg JI, Hanifin J. Adult eczema prevalence and associations with asthma and other health and demographic factors: a US population-based study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;132:1132-8.
6. Hoare C, Li Wan Po A, Williams H. Systematic review of treatments for atopic eczema. Health Technol Assess. 2000;4(37):1-191.
7. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000100.
8. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Guide to clinical preventive services report of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Washington, DC: The Task Force; 1989.
9. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924-6. (Pubitemid 351632017)
10. El-Khalawany MA, Hassan H, Shaaban D, Ghonaim N, Eassa B. Methotrexate versus cyclosporine in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis in children: a multicenter experience from Egypt. Eur J Pediatr. 2013;172(3):351-6.
11. Schram ME, Roekevisch E, Leeflang MM, Bos JD, Schmitt J, Spuls PI. A randomized trial of methotrexate versus azathioprine for severe atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;128(2):353-9.
12. Haeck IM, Knol MJ, Ten Berge O, van Velsen SG, de Bruin-Weller MS, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA. Enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium versus cyclosporin A as long-term treatment in adult patients with severe atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64(6):1074-84.
13. Schram ME, Borgonjen RJ, Bik CM, van der Schroeff JG, van Everdingen JJ, Spuls PI, et al. Off-label use of azathioprine in dermatology: a systematic review. Arch Dermatol. 2011;147(4):474-88.
14. Lynde CW. Moisturizers: what they are and how they work. Skin Ther Lett. 2001;6(13):3-5.
15. Miller DW, Koch SB, Yentzer BA, Clark AR, O'Neill JR, Fountain J, et al. An over-the-counter moisturizer is as clinically effective as, and more cost-effective than, prescription barrier creams in the treatment of children with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis: a randomized, controlled trial. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(5):531-7.
16. Abramovits W, Perlmutter A. Steroids versus other immune modulators in the management of allergic dermatoses. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;6(5):345-54. (Pubitemid 44368241)
17. Ruzicka T, Willers C, Wigger-Alberti W. Efficacy and patientreported outcomes of a new mometasone cream treating atopic eczema. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2012;25(6):305-12.
18. Schnopp C, Ring J, Mempel M. The role of antibacterial therapy in atopic eczema. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11(6):929-36.
19. Canpolat F, Erkocoglu M, Tezer H, Kocabas CN, Kandi B. Hydrocortisone acetate alone or combined with mupirocin for atopic dermatitis in infants under two years of age - a randomized double blind pilot trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012;16(14):1989-93.
20. Svensson A, Chambers C, Ganemo A, Mitchell SA. A systematic review of tacrolimus ointment compared with corticosteroids in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Curr Med Res Opin. 2011;27(7):1395-406.
21. Bauer A, Lange N, Matterne U, Meurer M, Braeutigam M, Diepgen TL. Efficacy of pimecrolimus 1% cream in the long term management of atopic hand dermatitis. A double-blind RCT. J German Soc Dermatol. 2012;10(6):426-33.
22. Sher LG, Chang J, Patel IB, Balkrishnan R, Fleischer AB Jr. Relieving the pruritus of atopic dermatitis: a meta-analysis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(5):455-61.
23. Schmitt J, von Kobyletzki L, Svensson A, Apfelbacher C. Efficacy and tolerability of proactive treatment with topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors for atopic eczema: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(2):415-28.
24. Patrizi A, Raone B, Raboni R, Neri I. Efficacy and tolerability of a cream containing AR-GG27(R) (sorbityl furfural palmitate) in the treatment of mild/moderate childhood atopic dermatitis associated with pityriasis alba. A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. GI Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2012;147(6 Suppl 1):1-8.
25. Wu SH, Chen XQ, Liu B, Wu HJ, Dong L. Efficacy and safety of 15(R/S)-methyl-lipoxin A(4) in topical treatment of infantile eczema. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(1):172-8.
26. Bissonnette R, Poulin Y, Zhou Y, Tan J, Hong HC, Webster J, et al. Efficacy and safety of topical WBI-1001 in patients with mild to severe atopic dermatitis: results from a 12-week, multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166(4):853-60.
27. Emer JJ, Frankel A, Sohn A, Lebwohl M. A bilateral comparison study of pimecrolimus cream 1% and a topical medical device cream in the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(7):735-43.
28. Frankel A, Sohn A, Patel RV, Lebwohl M. Bilateral comparison study of pimecrolimus cream 1% and a ceramide-hyaluronic acid emollient foam in the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(6):666-72.
29. Arenberger P, Arenbergerova M, Drozenova H, Hladikova M, Holcova S. Effect of topical heparin and levomenol on atopic dermatitis: a randomized four-arm, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(6):688-94.
30. Udompataikul M, Srisatwaja W. Comparative trial of moisturizer containing licochalcone A vs. hydrocortisone lotion in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis: a pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(6):660-5.
31. Bourguignon LY, Ramez M, Gilad E, Singleton PA, Man MQ, Crumrine DA, et al. Hyaluronan-CD44 interaction stimulates keratinocyte differentiation, lamellar body formation/secretion, and permeability barrier homeostasis. J Investig Dermatol. 2006;126(6):1356-65. (Pubitemid 43997919)
32. Draelos ZD. A clinical evaluation of the comparable efficacy of hyaluronic acid-based foam and ceramide-containing emulsion cream in the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis. J Cosmetic Dermatol. 2011;10(3):185-8.
33. Kjellberg F, Tramer MR. Pharmacological control of opioid-induced pruritus: a quantitative systematic review of randomized trials. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2001;18(6):346-57. (Pubitemid 34603784)
34. Metze D, Reimann S, Beissert S, Luger T. Efficacy and safety of naltrexone, an oral opiate receptor antagonist, in the treatment of pruritus in internal and dermatological diseases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;41(4):533-9. (Pubitemid 29480399)
35. Herzog JL, Solomon JA, Draelos Z, Fleischer A Jr, Stough D, Wolf DI, et al. A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled crossover study to determine the anti-pruritic efficacy, safety and local dermal tolerability of a topical formulation (srd174 cream) of the long-acting opiod antagonist nalmefene in subjects with atopic dermatitis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(8):853-60.
36. Han Y, Kim B, Ban J, Lee J, Kim BJ, Choi BS, et al. A randomized trial of Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP133 for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012;23(7):667-73.
37. Drago L, Iemoli E, Rodighiero V, Nicola L, De Vecchi E, Piconi S. Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius LS01 (DSM 22775) treatment on adult atopic dermatitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011;24(4):1037-48.
38. Drago L, Toscano M, De Vecchi E, Piconi S, Iemoli E. Changing of fecal flora and clinical effect of L. salivarius LS01 in adults with atopic dermatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;46(Suppl):S56-63.
39. Iemoli E, Trabattoni D, Parisotto S, Borgonovo L, Toscano M, Rizzardini G, et al. Probiotics reduce gut microbial translocation and improve adult atopic dermatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;46(Suppl):S33-40.
40. Torii S, Torii A, Itoh K, Urisu A, Terada A, Fujisawa T, et al. Effects of oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 on the symptoms and serum markers of atopic dermatitis in children. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2011;154(3):236-45.
41. Moroi M, Uchi S, Nakamura K, Sato S, Shimizu N, Fujii M, et al. Beneficial effect of a diet containing heat-killed Lactobacillus paracasei K71 on adult type atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol. 2011;38(2):131-9.
42. Wu KG, Li TH, Peng HJ. Lactobacillus salivarius plus fructo- oligosaccharide is superior to fructo-oligosaccharide alone for treating children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of efficacy and safety. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166(1):129-36.
43. Shafiei A, Moin M, Pourpak Z, Gharagozlou M, Aghamohammadi A, Sajedi V, et al. Synbiotics could not reduce the scoring of childhood atopic dermatitis (SCORAD): a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011;10(1):21-8.
44. Torley D, Futamura M, Williams HC, Thomas KS. What's new in atopic eczema? An analysis of systematic reviews published in 2010-11. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2013;38(5):449-56.
45. Benson AA, Toh JA, Vernon N, Jariwala SP. The role of vitamin D in the immunopathogenesis of allergic skin diseases. Allergy. 2012;67(3):296-301.
46. Amestejani M, Salehi BS, Vasigh M, Sobhkhiz A, Karami M, Alinia H, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a clinical trial study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(3):327-30.
47. Javanbakht MH, Keshavarz SA, Djalali M, Siassi F, Eshraghian MR, Firooz A, et al. Randomized controlled trial using vitamins E and D supplementation in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Treatment. 2011;22(3):144-50.
48. Misak Z. Infant nutrition and allergy. Proc Nutr Soc. 2011;70(4):465-71.
49. Jin YY, Cao RM, Chen J, Kaku Y, Wu J, Cheng Y, et al. Partially hydrolyzed cow's milk formula has a therapeutic effect on the infants with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011;22(7):688-94.
50. Bath-Hextall FJ, Jenkinson C, Humphreys R, Williams HC. Dietary supplements for established atopic eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;2:005205.
51. Choi IH, Kim S, Kim Y, Yun Y. The effect of TJ-15 plus TJ-17 on atopic dermatitis: a pilot study based on the principle of pattern identification. J Altern Complement Med. 2012;18(6):576-82.
52. Cheng HM, Chiang LC, Jan YM, Chen GW, Li TC. The efficacy and safety of a Chinese herbal product (Xiao-Feng-San) for the treatment of refractory atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2011;155(2):141-8.
53. De Belilovsky C, Roo-Rodriguez E, Baudouin C, Menu F, Chadoutaud B, Msika P. Natural peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist cream demonstrates similar therapeutic response to topical steroids in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol Treat. 2011;22(6):359-65.
54. Ramirez-Bosca A, Zapater P, Betlloch I, Albero F, Martinez A, Diaz-Alperi J, et al. Polypodium leucotomos extract in atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2012;103(7):599-607.
55. Hon KL, Leung TF, Ng PC, Lam MC, Kam WY, Wong KY, et al. Therapeutic effect and safety of a traditional Chinese medicine for atopic dermatitis in children: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hong Kong Med J. 2011;17(Suppl 2):38-40.
56. Tan HY, Zhang AL, Chen D, Xue CC, Lenon GB. Chinese herbal medicine for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69(2):295-304.
57. Wu ML, Deng JF. Toxic epidermal necrolysis after extensive dermal use of realgar-containing (arsenic sulfide) herbal ointment. Clin Toxicol. 2013;51:801-3.
58. Koo J, Arain S. Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of dermatologic disorders. Arch Dermatol. 1998;134(11):1388-93. (Pubitemid 28543654)
59. Fung AY, Look PC, Chong LY, But PP, Wong E. A controlled trial of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in Chinese patients with recalcitrant atopic dermatitis. Int J Dermatol. 1999;38(5):387-92. (Pubitemid 29258126)
60. Yaghmaie P, Koudelka CW, Simpson EL. Mental health comorbidity in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(2):428-33.
61. Armstrong AW, Kim RH, Idriss NZ, Larsen LN, Lio PA. Online video improves clinical outcomes in adults with atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011;64(3):502-7.
62. Bostoen J, Bracke S, De Keyser S, Lambert J. An educational programme for patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2012;167(5):1025-31.
63. Schut C, Weik U, Tews N, Gieler U, Deinzer R, Kupfer J. Psychophysiological effects of stress management in patients with atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial. Acta Derm Venereol. 2013;93(1):57-61.
64. Bae BG, Oh SH, Park CO, Noh S, Noh JY, Kim KR, et al. Progressive muscle relaxation therapy for atopic dermatitis: objective assessment of efficacy. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012;92(1):57-61.
65. de Bes J, Legierse CM, Prinsen CA, de Korte J. Patient education in chronic skin diseases: a systematic review. Acta Derm Venereol. 2011;91(1):12-7.
66. Veith W, Deleo V, Silverberg N. Medical phototherapy in childhood skin diseases. Minerva Pediatr. 2011;63(4):327-33.
67. Gambichler T. Management of atopic dermatitis using photo(chemo)therapy. Arch Dermatol Res. 2009;301(3):197-203.
68. Heinlin J, Schiffner-Rohe J, Schiffner R, Einsele-Kramer B, Landthaler M, Klein A, et al. A first prospective randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of synchronous balneophototherapy vs. narrow-band UVB monotherapy for atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Derm Venereol. 2011;25(7):765-73.
69. Farina S, Gisondi P, Zanoni M, Pace M, Rizzoli L, Baldo E, et al. Balneotherapy for atopic dermatitis in children at Comano spa in Trentino, Italy. J Dermatol Treat. 2011;22(6):366-71.
70. Byun HJ, Lee HI, Kim B, Kim MN, Hong H, Choi Y, et al. Full-spectrum light phototherapy for atopic dermatitis. Int J Dermatol. 2011;50(1):94-101.
71. Lee KC, Keyes A, Hensley JR, Gordon JR, Kwasny MJ, West DP, et al. Effectiveness of acupressure on pruritus and lichenification associated with atopic dermatitis: a pilot trial. Acupuncture Med. 2012;30(1):8-11.
72. Silverberg JI, Hanifin J, Simpson EL. Climatic factors are associated with childhood eczema prevalence in the United States. J Investig Dermatol. 2013;133(7):1752-9.
73. McNally NJ, Williams HC, Phillips DR, Smallman-Raynor M, Lewis S, Venn A, et al. Atopic eczema and domestic water hardness. Lancet. 1998;352(9127):527- 31. (Pubitemid 28372226)
74. Thomas KS, Dean T, O'Leary C, Sach TH, Koller K, Frost A, et al. A randomised controlled trial of ion-exchange water softeners for the treatment of eczema in children. PLoS Med. 2011;8(2):e1000395.
75. Ramirez de Knott HM, McCormick TS, Kalka K, Skandamis G, Ghannoum MA, Schluchter M, et al. Cutaneous hypersensitivity to Malassezia sympodialis and dust mite in adult atopic dermatitis with a textile pattern. Contact Dermatitis. 2006;54(2):92-9.
76. Novak N, Bieber T, Hoffmann M, Folster-Holst R, Homey B, Werfel T, et al. Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with depigmented polymerized mite extract in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(4):925-931 e4.
77. Bae JM, Choi YY, Park CO, Chung KY, Lee KH. Efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;132(1):110-7.
78. Compalati E, Rogkakou A, Passalacqua G, Canonica GW. Evidences of efficacy of allergen immunotherapy in atopic dermatitis: an updated review. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;12(4):427-33.
79. Paul C, Gallini A, Maza A, Montaudie H, Sbidian E, Aractingi S, et al. Evidence-based recommendations on conventional systemic treatments in psoriasis: systematic review and expert opinion of a panel of dermatologists. J Eur Acad Derm Venereol. 2011;25(Suppl 2):2-11.
80. Wenzel S, Ford L, Pearlman D, Spector S, Sher L, Skobieranda F, et al. Dupilumab in persistent asthma with elevated eosinophil levels. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(26):2455-66.
81. Simpson E. Late breaking symposium. Miami: American Academy of Dermatology; 2013.
82. Boneberger S, Rupec RA, Ruzicka T. Complementary therapy for atopic dermatitis and other allergic skin diseases: facts and controversies. Clin Dermatol. 2010;28(1):57-61.
83. Gore C, Custovic A, Tannock GW, Munro K, Kerry G, Johnson K, et al. Treatment and secondary prevention effects of the probiotics Lactobacillus paracasei or Bifidobacterium lactis on early infant eczema: randomized controlled trial with follow-up until age 3 years. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42(1):112-22.
84. Thomas KS, Koller K, Dean T, O'Leary CJ, Sach TH, Frost A, et al. A multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of ion-exchange water softeners for the treatment of eczema in children: the Softened Water Eczema Trial (SWET). Health Technol Assess. 2011;15(8):v-vi, 1-156.