메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 13, 2014, Pages 4970-4995

Intraseasonal variability in coupled GCMs: The roles of ocean feedbacks and model physics

Author keywords

Atmosphere ocean interaction; Convection; Coupled models; Fluxes; Intraseasonal variability; Madden Julian oscillation

Indexed keywords

BUDGET CONTROL; CLIMATE CHANGE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FLUXES; HEAT CONVECTION; HEAT FLUX; MOISTURE; SURFACE MEASUREMENT;

EID: 84903388712     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00760.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (77)

References (101)
  • 1
    • 79959352494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Indian and Pacific SST in Indian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability
    • doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3639.1
    • Achuthavarier, D., and V. Krishnamurthy, 2011: Role of Indian and Pacific SST in Indian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability. J. Climate, 24, 2915-2930, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3639.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 2915-2930
    • Achuthavarier, D.1    Krishnamurthy, V.2
  • 2
    • 80052271984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poleward propagation of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations in a coupled model: Role of internal processes
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0839-6
    • Ajayamohan, R. S., H. Annamalai, J.-J. Luo, J. Hafner, and T. Yamagata, 2011: Poleward propagation of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations in a coupled model: Role of internal processes. Climate Dyn., 37, 851-867, doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0839-6.
    • (2011) Climate Dyn. , vol.37 , pp. 851-867
    • Ajayamohan, R.S.1    Annamalai, H.2    Luo, J.-J.3    Hafner, J.4    Yamagata, T.5
  • 3
    • 69249102568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between SST gradients, boundary layer winds, and convergence over the tropical oceans
    • doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2392.1
    • Back, L. E., and C. S. Bretherton, 2009: On the relationship between SST gradients, boundary layer winds, and convergence over the tropical oceans. J. Climate, 22, 4182-4196, doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2392.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 4182-4196
    • Back, L.E.1    Bretherton, C.S.2
  • 4
    • 79955440070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure of the Madden-Julian oscillation in the superparameterized CAM
    • doi:10.1175/2009JAS3030.1
    • Benedict, J. J., and D. A. Randall, 2009: Structure of the Madden-Julian oscillation in the superparameterized CAM. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3277-3296, doi:10.1175/2009JAS3030.1.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 3277-3296
    • Benedict, J.J.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 5
    • 80053215574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of idealized air-sea coupling on Madden-Julian oscillation structure in the superparameterized CAM
    • doi:10.1175/JAS-D-11-04.1
    • Benedict, J. J., and D. A. Randall, 2011: Impacts of idealized air-sea coupling on Madden-Julian oscillation structure in the superparameterized CAM. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 1990-2008, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-11-04.1.
    • (2011) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 1990-2008
    • Benedict, J.J.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 6
    • 70350572455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian Ocean SST, evaporation, and precipitation during the South Asian summer monsoon in IPCC-AR4 coupled simulations
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0477-4
    • Bollasina, M., and S. Nigam, 2009: Indian Ocean SST, evaporation, and precipitation during the South Asian summer monsoon in IPCC-AR4 coupled simulations. Climate Dyn., 33, 1017-1032, doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0477-4.
    • (2009) Climate Dyn. , vol.33 , pp. 1017-1032
    • Bollasina, M.1    Nigam, S.2
  • 7
    • 33744472524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The formulation and atmospheric simulation of theCommunityAtmosphereModel version 3 (CAM3)
    • Coauthors, doi:10.1175/JCLI3760.1
    • Collins, W. D., and Coauthors, 2006a: The formulation and atmospheric simulation of theCommunityAtmosphereModel version 3 (CAM3). J. Climate, 19, 2144-2161, doi:10.1175/JCLI3760.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2144-2161
    • Collins, W.D.1
  • 8
    • 33744490657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3)
    • Coauthors, doi:10.1175/JCLI3761.1
    • Collins, W. D., and Coauthors, 2006b: The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3). J. Climate, 19, 2122-2143, doi:10.1175/JCLI3761.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2122-2143
    • Collins, W.D.1
  • 9
    • 84876728063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Madden-Julian oscillation in ECHAM6 and the introduction of an objective MJO metric
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00413.1
    • Crueger, T., B. Stevens, and R. Brokopf, 2013: The Madden-Julian oscillation in ECHAM6 and the introduction of an objective MJO metric. J. Climate, 26, 3241-3257, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00413.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 3241-3257
    • Crueger, T.1    Stevens, B.2    Brokopf, R.3
  • 11
    • 80053188282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Asian monsoon in the superparameterized CCSM and its relationship to tropical wave activity
    • doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4202.1
    • DeMott, C. A., C. Stan, D. A. Randall, J. L. Kinter, and M. Khairoutdinov, 2011: The Asian monsoon in the superparameterized CCSM and its relationship to tropical wave activity. J. Climate, 24, 5134-5156, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4202.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 5134-5156
    • DeMott, C.A.1    Stan, C.2    Randall, D.A.3    Kinter, J.L.4    Khairoutdinov, M.5
  • 12
    • 84875828927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northward propagation mechanisms of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the ERAInterim and SP-CCSM
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00191.1
    • DeMott, C. A., C. Stan, D. A. Randall, and J. L. Kinter, 2013: Northward propagation mechanisms of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the ERAInterim and SP-CCSM. J. Climate, 26, 1973-1992, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00191.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 1973-1992
    • DeMott, C.A.1    Stan, C.2    Randall, D.A.3    Kinter, J.L.4
  • 13
    • 68749104876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian Ocean intraseasonal sea surface temperature variability during boreal summer: Madden-Julian oscillation versus submonthly forcing and processes
    • doi:10.1029/2008JC004958
    • Duncan, B., andW. Han, 2009: Indian Ocean intraseasonal sea surface temperature variability during boreal summer: Madden-Julian oscillation versus submonthly forcing and processes. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C05002,doi:10.1029/2008JC004958.
    • (2009) J. Geophys. Res , vol.114
    • Duncan, B.1    Han, W.2
  • 14
    • 1842789990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations simulated in an atmosphere-ocean coupled model and an atmosphere-only model
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017,1263: DOBSIO.2.0.CO;2
    • Fu, X., and B. Wang, 2004a: Differences of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations simulated in an atmosphere-ocean coupled model and an atmosphere-only model. J. Climate, 17, 1263-1271, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017,1263: DOBSIO.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 1263-1271
    • Fu, X.1    Wang, B.2
  • 15
    • 10244234122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The boreal-summer intraseasonal oscillations simulated in a hybrid coupled atmosphere-ocean model
    • doi:10.1175/MWR2811.1
    • Fu, X., and B. Wang, 2004b: The boreal-summer intraseasonal oscillations simulated in a hybrid coupled atmosphere-ocean model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2628-2649, doi:10.1175/MWR2811.1.
    • (2004) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.132 , pp. 2628-2649
    • Fu, X.1    Wang, B.2
  • 16
    • 0036965501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of air-sea coupling on the simulation of mean Asian summer monsoon in the ECHAM4 model
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130,2889:IOASCO.2.0.CO;2
    • Fu, X., B. Wang., and T. Li, 2002: Impacts of air-sea coupling on the simulation of mean Asian summer monsoon in the ECHAM4 model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 2889-2904, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2002)130,2889:IOASCO.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2002) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 2889-2904
    • Fu, X.1    Wang, B.2    Li, T.3
  • 17
    • 0141573283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling between northward-propagating, intraseasonal oscillations and sea surface temperature in the Indian Ocean
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060,1733:CBNIOA.2.0.CO;2
    • Fu, X., B. Wang., T. Li., and J. P. McCreary, 2003: Coupling between northward-propagating, intraseasonal oscillations and sea surface temperature in the Indian Ocean. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1733-1753, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060,1733:CBNIOA.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.60 , pp. 1733-1753
    • Fu, X.1    Wang, B.2    Li, T.3    McCreary, J.P.4
  • 18
    • 33846553199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of atmosphere-ocean coupling on the predictability of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations
    • doi:10.1175/JAS3830.1
    • Fu, X., B. Wang., D. E. Waliser, and L. Tao, 2007: Impact of atmosphere-ocean coupling on the predictability of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 157-174, doi:10.1175/JAS3830.1.
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.64 , pp. 157-174
    • Fu, X.1    Wang, B.2    Waliser, D.E.3    Tao, L.4
  • 19
    • 44449135978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea surface temperature feedback extends the predictability of tropical intraseasonal oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/2007MWR2172.1
    • Fu, X., B. Yang, Q. Bao, and B. Wang, 2008: Sea surface temperature feedback extends the predictability of tropical intraseasonal oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 577-597, doi:10.1175/2007MWR2172.1.
    • (2008) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 577-597
    • Fu, X.1    Yang, B.2    Bao, Q.3    Wang, B.4
  • 20
    • 79958294849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Community Climate System Model version 4
    • Coauthors, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1
    • Gent, P. R., and Coauthors, 2011: The Community Climate System Model version 4. J. Climate, 24, 4973-4991, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 4973-4991
    • Gent, P.R.1
  • 21
    • 3042747140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ validation of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission microwave sea surface temperatures
    • doi:10.1029/2003JC002092
    • Gentemann, C. L., F. J. Wentz, C. M. Mears, and D. K. Smith, 2004: In situ validation of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission microwave sea surface temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., 109, C04021, doi:10.1029/2003JC002092.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res , vol.109
    • Gentemann, C.L.1    Wentz, F.J.2    Mears, C.M.3    Smith, D.K.4
  • 22
    • 0019165888 scopus 로고
    • Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation
    • doi:10.1002/qj.49710644905
    • Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462, doi:10.1002/qj.49710644905.
    • (1980) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.106 , pp. 447-462
    • Gill, A.E.1
  • 23
    • 0028193574 scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of moist convection in the National Center for Atmospheric Research community climate model (CCM2)
    • doi:10.1029/93JD03478
    • Hack, J. J., 1994: Parameterization of moist convection in the National Center for Atmospheric Research community climate model (CCM2). J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5551-5568, doi:10.1029/93JD03478.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 5551-5568
    • Hack, J.J.1
  • 24
    • 79959336284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of moisture-convection feedbacks in simulating the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3803.1
    • Hannah, W. M., and E. D. Maloney, 2011: The role of moisture-convection feedbacks in simulating the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Climate, 24, 2754-2770, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3803.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 2754-2770
    • Hannah, W.M.1    Maloney, E.D.2
  • 25
    • 0030801664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal air-sea interaction in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010,0647: IASIIT.2.0.CO;2
    • Hendon, H. H., and J. Glick, 1997: Intraseasonal air-sea interaction in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. J. Climate, 10, 647-661, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010,0647: IASIIT.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 647-661
    • Hendon, H.H.1    Glick, J.2
  • 26
    • 84865108980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the boundary layer moisture asymmetry in causing the eastward propagation of the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00310.1
    • Hsu, P.-C., and T. Li, 2012: Role of the boundary layer moisture asymmetry in causing the eastward propagation of the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Climate, 25, 4914-4931, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00310.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 4914-4931
    • Hsu, P.-C.1    Li, T.2
  • 27
    • 75149151578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The MJO in an AGCM with three different cumulus parameterization schemes
    • doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2009.02.003
    • Jia, X., C. Li, N. Zhou, and J. Ling, 2010: The MJO in an AGCM with three different cumulus parameterization schemes. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 49, 141-163, doi:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2009.02.003.
    • (2010) Dyn. Atmos. Oceans , vol.49 , pp. 141-163
    • Jia, X.1    Li, C.2    Zhou, N.3    Ling, J.4
  • 28
    • 0036275766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of the intraseasonal oscillation in the ECHAM-4 model: The impact of coupling with an ocean model
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059,1433: SOTIOI.2.0.CO;2
    • Kemball-Cook, S., B. Wang, and X. Fu, 2002: Simulation of the intraseasonal oscillation in the ECHAM-4 model: The impact of coupling with an ocean model. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1433-1453, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059,1433: SOTIOI.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.59 , pp. 1433-1453
    • Kemball-Cook, S.1    Wang, B.2    Fu, X.3
  • 29
    • 1342283059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloud resolving modeling of the ARM summer 1997 IOP: Model formulation, results, uncertainties, and sensitivities
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060,0607: CRMOTA.2.0.CO;2
    • Khairoutdinov, M. F., and D. A. Randall, 2003: Cloud resolving modeling of the ARM summer 1997 IOP: Model formulation, results, uncertainties, and sensitivities. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 607-625, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060,0607: CRMOTA.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.60 , pp. 607-625
    • Khairoutdinov, M.F.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 30
    • 84889861977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propagating versus nonpropagating Madden-Julian oscillation events
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00084.1
    • Kim, D., J.-S. Kug, and A. H. Sobel, 2014: Propagating versus nonpropagating Madden-Julian oscillation events. J. Climate, 27, 111-125, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00084.1.
    • (2014) J. Climate , vol.27 , pp. 111-125
    • Kim, D.1    Kug, J.-S.2    Sobel, A.H.3
  • 31
    • 54949149551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of ocean-atmosphere coupling on the predictability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0409-3
    • Kim, H.-M., and I.-S. Kang, 2008: The impact of ocean-atmosphere coupling on the predictability of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation. Climate Dyn., 31, 859-870, doi:10.1007/s00382-008-0409-3.
    • (2008) Climate Dyn. , vol.31 , pp. 859-870
    • Kim, H.-M.1    Kang, I.-S.2
  • 32
    • 56349166167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of MJO simulation and predictability to sea surface temperature variability
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2078.1
    • Kim, H.-M., C. D. Hoyos, P. J. Webster, and I.-S. Kang, 2008: Sensitivity of MJO simulation and predictability to sea surface temperature variability. J. Climate, 21, 5304-5317, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2078.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 5304-5317
    • Kim, H.-M.1    Hoyos, C.D.2    Webster, P.J.3    Kang, I.-S.4
  • 33
    • 77953720524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean-atmosphere coupling and the boreal winterMJO
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0612-x
    • Kim, H.-M., C. D. Hoyos, P. J. Webster, and I.-S. Kang, 2010: Ocean-atmosphere coupling and the boreal winterMJO. ClimateDyn., 35, 771-784, doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0612-x.
    • (2010) ClimateDyn. , vol.35 , pp. 771-784
    • Kim, H.-M.1    Hoyos, C.D.2    Webster, P.J.3    Kang, I.-S.4
  • 34
    • 81255211625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal moist static energy budget in reanalysis data
    • doi:10.1029/2011JD016031
    • Kiranmayi, L., and E. D. Maloney, 2011: Intraseasonal moist static energy budget in reanalysis data. J. Geophys. Res., 116, D21117, doi:10.1029/2011JD016031.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res , vol.116
    • Kiranmayi, L.1    Maloney, E.D.2
  • 35
    • 84922945422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of air-sea coupling in the simulation of the Madden-Julian oscillation in the Hadley Centre model
    • doi:10.1002/qj.2295, in press
    • Klingaman, N. P., and S. J. Woolnough, 2014: The role of air-sea coupling in the simulation of the Madden-Julian oscillation in the Hadley Centre model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., doi:10.1002/qj.2295, in press.
    • (2014) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc
    • Klingaman, N.P.1    Woolnough, S.J.2
  • 36
    • 60749116918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of high-frequency sea surface temperature variability to the intraseasonal oscillation of Indian monsoon rainfall
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2329.1
    • Klingaman, N. P., P. M. Inness, H. Weller, and J. M. Slingo, 2008: The importance of high-frequency sea surface temperature variability to the intraseasonal oscillation of Indian monsoon rainfall. J. Climate, 21, 6119-6140, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2329.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 6119-6140
    • Klingaman, N.P.1    Inness, P.M.2    Weller, H.3    Slingo, J.M.4
  • 37
    • 79958169764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of finer-resolution air-sea coupling on the intraseasonal oscillation of the Indian monsoon
    • doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3868.1
    • Klingaman, N. P., S. J. Woolnough, H. Weller, and J. M. Slingo, 2011: The impact of finer-resolution air-sea coupling on the intraseasonal oscillation of the Indian monsoon. J. Climate, 24, 2451-2468, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3868.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 2451-2468
    • Klingaman, N.P.1    Woolnough, S.J.2    Weller, H.3    Slingo, J.M.4
  • 38
    • 0024192356 scopus 로고
    • Air-sea interaction on the time scale of 30 to 50 days
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045,1304: AIOTTS.2.0.CO;2
    • Krishnamurti, T. N., D. K. Oosterhof, and A. V. Mehta, 1988: Air-sea interaction on the time scale of 30 to 50 days. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1304-1322, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045,1304: AIOTTS.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 1304-1322
    • Krishnamurti, T.N.1    Oosterhof, D.K.2    Mehta, A.V.3
  • 39
    • 0032413467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensor package
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0426(1998)015,0809:TTRMMT.2.0.CO;2
    • Kummerow, C., W. Barnes, T. Kozu, J. Shiue, and J. Simpson, 1998: The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) sensor package. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 15, 809-817, doi:10.1175/1520-0426(1998)015,0809:TTRMMT.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.15 , pp. 809-817
    • Kummerow, C.1    Barnes, W.2    Kozu, T.3    Shiue, J.4    Simpson, J.5
  • 40
    • 0028591570 scopus 로고
    • Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization
    • doi:10.1029/94RG01872
    • Large, W. G., J. C. McWilliams, and S. C. Doney, 1994: Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization. Rev. Geophys., 32, 363-403, doi:10.1029/94RG01872.
    • (1994) Rev. Geophys. , vol.32 , pp. 363-403
    • Large, W.G.1    McWilliams, J.C.2    Doney, S.C.3
  • 41
    • 0030789371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of short-term sea surface temperature regulation: Observations during TOGA COARE
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010,0465:MOSTSS.2.0.CO;2
    • Lau, K.-M., and C.-H. Sui, 1997: Mechanisms of short-term sea surface temperature regulation: Observations during TOGA COARE. J. Climate, 10, 465-472, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010,0465:MOSTSS.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 465-472
    • Lau, K.-M.1    Sui, C.-H.2
  • 42
    • 79957823998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of air-sea coupling in the interannual variability of the South China Sea summer monsoon
    • doi:10.2151/jmsj.2011-A18
    • Lestari, R. K., M. Watanabe, and M. Kimoto, 2011: Role of air-sea coupling in the interannual variability of the South China Sea summer monsoon. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 89A, 283-290, doi:10.2151/jmsj.2011-A18.
    • (2011) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.89 A , pp. 283-290
    • Lestari, R.K.1    Watanabe, M.2    Kimoto, M.3
  • 43
    • 84861811346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dependence of Indian monsoon rainfall on moisture fluxes across the Arabian Sea and the impact of coupledmodel sea surface temperature biases
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1096-z
    • Levine, R. C., and A. G. Turner, 2012: Dependence of Indian monsoon rainfall on moisture fluxes across the Arabian Sea and the impact of coupledmodel sea surface temperature biases. Climate Dyn., 38, 2167-2190, doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1096-z.
    • (2012) Climate Dyn. , vol.38 , pp. 2167-2190
    • Levine, R.C.1    Turner, A.G.2
  • 44
    • 0001600664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description of a complete (interpolated) outgoing longwave radiation dataset
    • Liebmann, B., and C. A. Smith, 1996: Description of a complete (interpolated) outgoing longwave radiation dataset. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 1275-1277.
    • (1996) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc , vol.77 , pp. 1275-1277
    • Liebmann, B.1    Smith, C.A.2
  • 45
    • 81455135157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of air-sea coupling on the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations over the tropical Indian Ocean
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0943-7
    • Lin, A., T. Li, X. Fu, J.-J. Luo, and Y. Masumoto, 2011: Effects of air-sea coupling on the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillations over the tropical Indian Ocean. Climate Dyn., 37, 2303-2322, doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0943-7.
    • (2011) Climate Dyn. , vol.37 , pp. 2303-2322
    • Lin, A.1    Li, T.2    Fu, X.3    Luo, J.-J.4    Masumoto, Y.5
  • 46
    • 56349090995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subseasonal variability associated with Asian summer monsoon simulated by 14 IPCC AR4 coupled GCMs
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI1816.1
    • Lin, J.-L., K. M. Weickman, G. N. Kiladis, B. E. Mapes, S. D. Schubert, M. J. Suarez, J. T. Bacmeister, and M.-I. Lee, 2008: Subseasonal variability associated with Asian summer monsoon simulated by 14 IPCC AR4 coupled GCMs. J. Climate, 21, 4541-4567, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI1816.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 4541-4567
    • Lin, J.-L.1    Weickman, K.M.2    Kiladis, G.N.3    Mapes, B.E.4    Schubert, S.D.5    Suarez, M.J.6    Bacmeister, J.T.7    Lee, M.-I.8
  • 47
    • 2442585001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A''vertically Lagrangian'' finite-volume dynamical core for global models
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132,2293:AVLFDC.2.0.CO;2
    • Lin, S.-J., 2004:A''vertically Lagrangian'' finite-volume dynamical core for global models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2293-2307, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2004)132,2293:AVLFDC.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2004) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.132 , pp. 2293-2307
    • Lin, S.-J.1
  • 48
    • 0000581731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidimensional flux-form semi-Lagrangian transport schemes.
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124,2046:MFFSLT.2.0.CO;2
    • Lin, S.-J., and R. B. Rood, 1996: Multidimensional flux-form semi-Lagrangian transport schemes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2046-2070, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124,2046:MFFSLT.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 2046-2070
    • Lin, S.-J.1    Rood, R.B.2
  • 49
    • 0000838089 scopus 로고
    • On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in forcing low level winds and convergence in the tropics
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1987)044,2418:OTROSS.2.0.CO;2
    • Lindzen, R. S., and S. Nigam, 1987: On the role of sea surface temperature gradients in forcing low level winds and convergence in the tropics. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2418-2436, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1987)044,2418:OTROSS.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 2418-2436
    • Lindzen, R.S.1    Nigam, S.2
  • 50
    • 77952261036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Submonthly Indian Ocean cooling events and their interaction with large-scale conditions
    • doi:10.1175/2009JCLI3067.1
    • Lloyd, I. D., and G. A. Vecchi, 2010: Submonthly Indian Ocean cooling events and their interaction with large-scale conditions. J. Climate, 23, 700-716, doi:10.1175/2009JCLI3067.1.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 700-716
    • Lloyd, I.D.1    Vecchi, G.A.2
  • 51
    • 0000462522 scopus 로고
    • Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in zonal wind in the tropical Pacific
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028,0702: DOADOI.2.0.CO;2
    • Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1971: Detection of a 40-50 day oscillation in zonal wind in the tropical Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 702-708, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028,0702: DOADOI.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1971) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 702-708
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 52
    • 0000107799 scopus 로고
    • Description of global-scale circulation cells in the tropics with a 40-50 day period
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1972)029,1109:DOGSCC.2.0.CO;2
    • Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1972: Description of global-scale circulation cells in the tropics with a 40-50 day period. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1109-1123, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1972)029,1109:DOGSCC.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1972) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.29 , pp. 1109-1123
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 53
    • 0028571920 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the 40-50-day tropical oscillation-Areview
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122,0814:OOTDTO.2.0.CO;2
    • Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1994: Observations of the 40-50-day tropical oscillation-Areview. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 814-837, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122,0814:OOTDTO.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1994) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 814-837
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 54
    • 64049095308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The moist static energy budget of a composite tropical intraseasonal oscillation in a climate model
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2542.1
    • Maloney, E. D., 2009: The moist static energy budget of a composite tropical intraseasonal oscillation in a climate model. J. Climate, 22, 711-729, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2542.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 711-729
    • Maloney, E.D.1
  • 55
    • 3042793958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface fluxes and ocean coupling in the tropical intraseasonal oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-3212.1
    • Maloney, E. D., and A. H. Sobel, 2004: Surface fluxes and ocean coupling in the tropical intraseasonal oscillation. J. Climate, 17, 4368-4386, doi:10.1175/JCLI-3212.1.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 4368-4386
    • Maloney, E.D.1    Sobel, A.H.2
  • 56
    • 43149105421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An enhanced moisture convergence-evaporation feedback mechanism for MJO air-sea interaction
    • doi:10.1175/2007JAS2313.1
    • Marshall, A. G., O. Alves, and H. H. Hendon, 2008: An enhanced moisture convergence-evaporation feedback mechanism for MJO air-sea interaction. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 970-986, doi:10.1175/2007JAS2313.1.
    • (2008) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.65 , pp. 970-986
    • Marshall, A.G.1    Alves, O.2    Hendon, H.H.3
  • 57
    • 56649113912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of convection on ENSO: From a delayed oscillator to a series of events
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2244.1
    • Neale, R. B., J. H. Richter, and M. Jochum, 2008: The impact of convection on ENSO: From a delayed oscillator to a series of events. J. Climate, 21, 5904-5924, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2244.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 5904-5924
    • Neale, R.B.1    Richter, J.H.2    Jochum, M.3
  • 58
    • 84874797242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mean climate of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4) in forced SST and fully coupled experiments
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00236.1
    • Neale, R. B., J. H. Richter, S. Park, P. H. Lauritzen, S. J. Vavrus, P. J. Rasch, and M. Zhang, 2013: The mean climate of the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4) in forced SST and fully coupled experiments. J. Climate, 26, 5150-5168, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00236.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 5150-5168
    • Neale, R.B.1    Richter, J.H.2    Park, S.3    Lauritzen, P.H.4    Vavrus, S.J.5    Rasch, P.J.6    Zhang, M.7
  • 59
    • 60749128374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of air-sea interactions on the simulation of tropical intraseasonal variability
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2180.1
    • Pegion, K., and B. P. Kirtman, 2008: The impact of air-sea interactions on the simulation of tropical intraseasonal variability. J. Climate, 21, 6616-6635, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2180.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 6616-6635
    • Pegion, K.1    Kirtman, B.P.2
  • 60
    • 67650559423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moisture modes and the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2739.1
    • Raymond, D. J., and Z. Fuchs, 2009: Moisture modes and the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Climate, 22, 3031-3046, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2739.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 3031-3046
    • Raymond, D.J.1    Fuchs, Z.2
  • 61
    • 44449134118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of convective momentum transport on the atmospheric circulation in the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3
    • doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1789.1
    • Richter, J. H., and P. J. Rasch, 2008: Effects of convective momentum transport on the atmospheric circulation in the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3. J. Climate, 21, 1487-1499, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1789.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 1487-1499
    • Richter, J.H.1    Rasch, P.J.2
  • 62
    • 34548029986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of SST over the Indian Ocean in influencing the intraseasonal variability of the Indian summer monsoon
    • doi:10.2151/jmsj.85.349
    • Roxy, M., and Y. Tanimoto, 2007: Role of SST over the Indian Ocean in influencing the intraseasonal variability of the Indian summer monsoon. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 85, 349-358, doi:10.2151/jmsj.85.349.
    • (2007) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.85 , pp. 349-358
    • Roxy, M.1    Tanimoto, Y.2
  • 63
    • 84879506007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal SST-precipitation relationship and its spatial variability over the tropical summer monsoon region
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1547-1
    • Roxy, M., Y. Tanimoto, B. Preethi, P. Terray, and R. Krishnan, 2013: Intraseasonal SST-precipitation relationship and its spatial variability over the tropical summer monsoon region. Climate Dyn., 41, 45-61, doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1547-1.
    • (2013) Climate Dyn. , vol.41 , pp. 45-61
    • Roxy, M.1    Tanimoto, Y.2    Preethi, B.3    Terray, P.4    Krishnan, R.5
  • 64
    • 77958095645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Madden-Julian oscillation simulated in the NCEP Climate Forecast System model: The importance of stratiform heating
    • doi:10.1175/2010JCLI2983.1
    • Seo, K.-H., and W. Wang, 2010: The Madden-Julian oscillation simulated in the NCEP Climate Forecast System model: The importance of stratiform heating. J. Climate, 23, 4770-4793, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI2983.1.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 4770-4793
    • Seo, K.-H.1    Wang, W.2
  • 65
    • 34249689059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation simulated in the NCEP Climate Forecast System: The effect of sea surface temperature
    • doi:10.1175/MWR3369.1
    • Seo, K.-H., J.-K. E. Schemm, W. Wang, andA. Kumar, 2007: The boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation simulated in the NCEP Climate Forecast System: The effect of sea surface temperature. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 1807-1827, doi:10.1175/MWR3369.1.
    • (2007) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.135 , pp. 1807-1827
    • Seo, K.-H.1    Schemm, J.-K.E.2    Wang, W.3    Kumar, A.4
  • 66
    • 66849119231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation ofMJOforecast skill from several statistical and dynamical forecast models
    • doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2421.1
    • Seo, K.-H., W. Wang, J. Gottschalck, Q. Zhang, J.-K. E. Schemm, W. R. Higgins, and A. Kumar, 2009: Evaluation ofMJOforecast skill from several statistical and dynamical forecast models. J. Climate, 22, 2372-2388, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2421.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 2372-2388
    • Seo, K.-H.1    Wang, W.2    Gottschalck, J.3    Zhang, Q.4    Schemm, J.-K.E.5    Higgins, W.R.6    Kumar, A.7
  • 67
    • 0000081595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal variability of surface fluxes and sea surface temperature in the tropical western Pacific and Indian Oceans
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011,1685: IVOSFA.2.0.CO;2
    • Shinoda, T., H. H. Hendon, and J. Glick, 1998: Intraseasonal variability of surface fluxes and sea surface temperature in the tropical western Pacific and Indian Oceans. J. Climate, 11, 1685-1702, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011,1685: IVOSFA.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1685-1702
    • Shinoda, T.1    Hendon, H.H.2    Glick, J.3
  • 68
    • 44449106541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ERAInterim: New ECMWF reanalysis products from 1989 onwards
    • ECMWF, Reading, United Kingdom
    • Simmons, A., S. Uppala, D. Dee, and S. Kobayashi, 2006: ERAInterim: New ECMWF reanalysis products from 1989 onwards. ECMWF Newsletter, No. 110, ECMWF, Reading, United Kingdom, 25-35.
    • (2006) ECMWF Newsletter , Issue.110 , pp. 25-35
    • Simmons, A.1    Uppala, S.2    Dee, D.3    Kobayashi, S.4
  • 69
    • 2342650628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference manual for the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) ocean component of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM2.0 and 3.0)
    • LAUR-02-2484
    • Smith, R., and P. Gent, 2004: Reference manual for the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) ocean component of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM2.0 and 3.0). LANL/NCAR Tech. Rep. LAUR-02-2484, 75 pp.
    • (2004) LANL/NCAR Tech. Rep , pp. 75
    • Smith, R.1    Gent, P.2
  • 70
    • 80055051571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Parallel Ocean Program (POP) referencemanual ocean component of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) and Community Earth System Model (CESM)
    • Coauthors, LAUR-10-01853
    • Smith, R., and Coauthors, 2010: The Parallel Ocean Program (POP) referencemanual ocean component of the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) and Community Earth System Model (CESM). LANL/NCAR Tech. Rep. LAUR-10-01853, 140 pp.
    • (2010) LANL/NCAR Tech. Rep , pp. 140
    • Smith, R.1
  • 71
    • 84874963147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moisture modes and the eastward propagation of the MJO
    • doi:10.1175/JAS-D-12-0189.1
    • Sobel, A., and E. Maloney, 2013: Moisture modes and the eastward propagation of the MJO. J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 187-192, doi:10.1175/JAS-D-12-0189.1.
    • (2013) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.70 , pp. 187-192
    • Sobel, A.1    Maloney, E.2
  • 72
    • 26444493162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Madden-Julian oscillation in ECHAM4 coupled and uncoupled general circulation models
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0026-3
    • Sperber, K. R., S. Gualdi, S. Legutke, and V. Gayler, 2005: The Madden-Julian oscillation in ECHAM4 coupled and uncoupled general circulation models. Climate Dyn., 25, 117-140, doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0026-3.
    • (2005) Climate Dyn. , vol.25 , pp. 117-140
    • Sperber, K.R.1    Gualdi, S.2    Legutke, S.3    Gayler, V.4
  • 75
    • 0038143883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration boundary conditions for AMIP II simulations
    • Taylor, K. E., D. Williamson, and F. Zwiers, 2000: The sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration boundary conditions for AMIP II simulations. PCMDI Rep. 60, 20 pp.
    • (2000) PCMDI Rep , vol.60 , pp. 20
    • Taylor, K.E.1    Williamson, D.2    Zwiers, F.3
  • 76
    • 77649323622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of convective moistening in the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/2009JAS3081.1
    • Thayer-Calder, K., and D. A. Randall, 2009: The role of convective moistening in the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3297-3312, doi:10.1175/2009JAS3081.1.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 3297-3312
    • Thayer-Calder, K.1    Randall, D.A.2
  • 77
    • 84860336989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processes of 30-90 days sea surface temperature variability in the northern Indian Ocean during boreal summer
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1015-3
    • Vialard, J., A. Jayakumar, C. Gnanaseelan, M. Lengaigne, D. Sengupta, and B. N. Goswami, 2012: Processes of 30-90 days sea surface temperature variability in the northern Indian Ocean during boreal summer. Climate Dyn., 38, 1901-1916, doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1015-3.
    • (2012) Climate Dyn. , vol.38 , pp. 1901-1916
    • Vialard, J.1    Jayakumar, A.2    Gnanaseelan, C.3    Lengaigne, M.4    Sengupta, D.5    Goswami, B.N.6
  • 78
    • 0033076833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of coupled sea surface temperatures on the Madden-Julian oscillation: A model perturbation experiment
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056,0333:TIOCSS.2.0.CO;2
    • Waliser, D. E., K. M. Lau, and J.-H. Kim, 1999: The influence of coupled sea surface temperatures on the Madden-Julian oscillation: A model perturbation experiment. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 333-358, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056,0333:TIOCSS.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.56 , pp. 333-358
    • Waliser, D.E.1    Lau, K.M.2    Kim, J.-H.3
  • 79
    • 67650559425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MJO simulation diagnostics
    • Coauthors, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2731.1
    • Waliser, D. E., and Coauthors, 2009: MJO simulation diagnostics. J. Climate, 22, 3006-3030, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2731.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 3006-3030
    • Waliser, D.E.1
  • 80
    • 0025583569 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the coupled moist Kelvin-Rossby wave on an equatorial b-plane
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1990)047,0397: DOTCMK.2.0.CO;2
    • Wang, B., and H. Rui, 1990: Dynamics of the coupled moist Kelvin-Rossby wave on an equatorial b-plane. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 397-413, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1990)047,0397: DOTCMK.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1990) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 397-413
    • Wang, B.1    Rui, H.2
  • 81
    • 72149117691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Madden-Julian oscillation in NCEP coupled model simulation
    • doi:10.3319/TAO.2008.09.17.01(A)
    • Wang, W., and K.-H. Seo, 2009: The Madden-Julian oscillation in NCEP coupled model simulation. Terr. Atmos. Oceanic Sci., 20, 713-725, doi:10.3319/TAO.2008.09.17.01(A).
    • (2009) Terr. Atmos. Oceanic Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 713-725
    • Wang, W.1    Seo, K.-H.2
  • 82
    • 77649307386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of ocean surface on the northward propagation of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the NCEP Climate Forecast System
    • doi:10.1175/2009JCLI3007.1
    • Wang, W., M. Chen, and A. Kumar, 2009: Impacts of ocean surface on the northward propagation of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation in the NCEP Climate Forecast System. J. Climate, 22, 6561-6576, doi:10.1175/2009JCLI3007.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 6561-6576
    • Wang, W.1    Chen, M.2    Kumar, A.3
  • 83
    • 0036126543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sensitivity of subannual and intraseasonal tropical variability to model ocean mixed layer depth
    • doi:10.1029/2001JD000671
    • Watterson, I. G., 2002: The sensitivity of subannual and intraseasonal tropical variability to model ocean mixed layer depth. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4020, doi:10.1029/2001JD000671.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res , vol.107 , pp. 4020
    • Watterson, I.G.1
  • 84
    • 34247639938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of air-sea interaction on the Madden-Julian oscillation: The role of the seasonal mean state
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0206-9
    • Watterson, I. G., and J. Syktus, 2007: The influence of air-sea interaction on the Madden-Julian oscillation: The role of the seasonal mean state. Climate Dyn., 28, 703-722, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0206-9.
    • (2007) Climate Dyn. , vol.28 , pp. 703-722
    • Watterson, I.G.1    Syktus, J.2
  • 85
    • 77953033816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dynamical ocean feedback mechanism for the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • doi:10.1002/qj.604
    • Webber, B. G. M., A. J. Matthews, and K. J. Heywood, 2010: A dynamical ocean feedback mechanism for the Madden-Julian oscillation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136, 740-754, doi:10.1002/qj.604.
    • (2010) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.136 , pp. 740-754
    • Webber, B.G.M.1    Matthews, A.J.2    Heywood, K.J.3
  • 86
    • 84858287567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean Rossby waves as a triggering mechanism for primary Madden-Julian events
    • doi:10.1002/qj.936
    • Webber, B. G. M., A. J. Matthews, K. J. Heywood., and D. P. Stevens, 2012: Ocean Rossby waves as a triggering mechanism for primary Madden-Julian events. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 138, 514-527, doi:10.1002/qj.936.
    • (2012) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.138 , pp. 514-527
    • Webber, B.G.M.1    Matthews, A.J.2    Heywood, K.J.3    Stevens, D.P.4
  • 87
    • 0001479238 scopus 로고
    • Response of the tropical atmosphere to local, steady forcing
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1972)100,0518:ROTTAT.2.3.CO;2
    • Webster, P. J., 1972: Response of the tropical atmosphere to local, steady forcing. Mon. Wea. Rev., 100, 518-541, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1972)100,0518:ROTTAT.2.3.CO;2.
    • (1972) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.100 , pp. 518-541
    • Webster, P.J.1
  • 88
    • 0027098515 scopus 로고
    • TOGA COARE: The Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1992)073,1377: TCTCOR.2.0.CO;2
    • Webster, P. J., and R. Lukas, 1992: TOGA COARE: The Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 73, 1377-1416, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1992)073,1377: TCTCOR.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1992) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.73 , pp. 1377-1416
    • Webster, P.J.1    Lukas, R.2
  • 89
    • 0030515286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface meteorology and air-sea fluxes in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool during the TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009,1959: SMAASF.2.0.CO;2
    • Weller, R. A., and S. P. Anderson, 1996: Surface meteorology and air-sea fluxes in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool during the TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment. J. Climate, 9, 1959-1990, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009,1959: SMAASF.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 1959-1990
    • Weller, R.A.1    Anderson, S.P.2
  • 90
    • 77953270926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A CGCM study on the northward propagation of tropical intraseasonal oscillation over the Asian summer monsoon regions
    • doi:10.3319/TAO.2009.02.18.01(A)
    • Weng, S.-P., and J.-Y. Yu, 2010: A CGCM study on the northward propagation of tropical intraseasonal oscillation over the Asian summer monsoon regions. Terr. Atmos. Oceanic Sci., 21, 299-312, doi:10.3319/TAO.2009.02.18.01(A).
    • (2010) Terr. Atmos. Oceanic Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 299-312
    • Weng, S.-P.1    Yu, J.-Y.2
  • 91
    • 0034209868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between convection and sea surface temperature on intraseasonal timescales
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013,2086:TRBCAS.2.0.CO;2
    • Woolnough, S. J., J. M. Slingo, and B. J. Hoskins, 2000: The relationship between convection and sea surface temperature on intraseasonal timescales. J. Climate, 13, 2086-2104, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013,2086:TRBCAS.2.0.CO;2.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 2086-2104
    • Woolnough, S.J.1    Slingo, J.M.2    Hoskins, B.J.3
  • 92
    • 33947224726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the ocean in theMadden-Julian oscillation: Implications for MJO prediction
    • doi:10.1002/qj.4
    • Woolnough, S. J., F. Vitart, and M. A. Balmaseda, 2007: The role of the ocean in theMadden-Julian oscillation: Implications for MJO prediction. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 117-128, doi:10.1002/qj.4.
    • (2007) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 117-128
    • Woolnough, S.J.1    Vitart, F.2    Balmaseda, M.A.3
  • 93
    • 25844485202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of Indian and Pacific Ocean air-sea coupling in tropical atmospheric variability
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0003-x
    • Wu, R. G., and B. P. Kirtman, 2005: Roles of Indian and Pacific Ocean air-sea coupling in tropical atmospheric variability. Climate Dyn., 25, 155-170, doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0003-x.
    • (2005) Climate Dyn. , vol.25 , pp. 155-170
    • Wu, R.G.1    Kirtman, B.P.2
  • 94
    • 60149111288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local rainfall-SST relationship on subseasonal time scales in satellite observations and CFS
    • doi:10.1029/2008GL035883
    • Wu, R. G., B. P. Kirtman, and K. Pegion, 2008: Local rainfall-SST relationship on subseasonal time scales in satellite observations and CFS. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L22706, doi:10.1029/2008GL035883.
    • (2008) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.35
    • Wu, R.G.1    Kirtman, B.P.2    Pegion, K.3
  • 95
    • 84880655017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of moist static energy and budget between the GCM-simulated Madden-Julian oscillation and observations over the Indian Ocean and western Pacific
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00607.1
    • Wu, X., and L. Deng, 2013: Comparison of moist static energy and budget between the GCM-simulated Madden-Julian oscillation and observations over the Indian Ocean and western Pacific. J. Climate, 26, 4981-4993, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00607.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 4981-4993
    • Wu, X.1    Deng, L.2
  • 96
    • 0001108779 scopus 로고
    • Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets
    • doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1973)030,0611:DOBPOT.2.0.CO;2
    • Yanai, M., S. Esbensen, and J.-H. Chu, 1973: Determination of bulk properties of tropical cloud clusters from large-scale heat and moisture budgets. J. Atmos. Sci., 30, 611-627, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1973)030,0611:DOBPOT.2.0.CO;2.
    • (1973) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 611-627
    • Yanai, M.1    Esbensen, S.2    Chu, J.-H.3
  • 97
    • 23644435616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Madden-Julian oscillation
    • doi:10.1029/2004RG000158
    • Zhang, C. D., 2005: Madden-Julian oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 43, RG2003, doi:10.1029/2004RG0001581.
    • (2005) Rev. Geophys , vol.43
    • Zhang, C.D.1
  • 98
    • 33748757651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of the Madden-Julian oscillation in four pairs of coupled and uncoupled global models
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0148-2
    • Zhang, C. D., M. Dong, S. Gualdi, H. H. Hendon, E. D. Maloney, A. Marshall, K. R. Sperber, and W. Wang, 2006: Simulations of the Madden-Julian oscillation in four pairs of coupled and uncoupled global models. Climate Dyn., 27, 573-592, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0148-2.
    • (2006) Climate Dyn. , vol.27 , pp. 573-592
    • Zhang, C.D.1    Dong, M.2    Gualdi, S.3    Hendon, H.H.4    Maloney, E.D.5    Marshall, A.6    Sperber, K.R.7    Wang, W.8
  • 99
    • 39549095502 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of climate simulations to the parameterization of cumulus convection in the Canadian Climate Centre general circulation model
    • doi:10.1080/07055900.1995.9649539
    • Zhang, G. J., and N. A. McFarlane, 1995: Sensitivity of climate simulations to the parameterization of cumulus convection in the Canadian Climate Centre general circulation model. Atmos.-Ocean, 33, 407-446, doi:10.1080/07055900.1995.9649539.
    • (1995) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.33 , pp. 407-446
    • Zhang, G.J.1    McFarlane, N.A.2
  • 100
    • 10244252756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of coupled sea surface temperatures in the simulation of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation
    • doi:10.1175/JCLI3202.1
    • Zheng, Y., D. E. Waliser, W. F. Stern, and C. Jones, 2004: The role of coupled sea surface temperatures in the simulation of the tropical intraseasonal oscillation. J. Climate, 17, 4109-4134, doi:10.1175/JCLI3202.1.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 4109-4134
    • Zheng, Y.1    Waliser, D.E.2    Stern, W.F.3    Jones, C.4
  • 101
    • 84155188462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved Madden-Julian oscillations with improved physics: The impact of modified convection parameterizations
    • doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4059.1
    • Zhou, L., R. B. Neale, M. Jochum, and R. Murtugudde, 2012: Improved Madden-Julian oscillations with improved physics: The impact of modified convection parameterizations. J. Climate, 25, 1116-1136, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4059.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 1116-1136
    • Zhou, L.1    Neale, R.B.2    Jochum, M.3    Murtugudde, R.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.