Synthesis and characterization of poly(pentabromostyrene) micrometer-sized particles of narrow size distribution for flame-retardant applications

Colloid and Polymer Science

Volumn 292, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 1181-1189

  Bretler, Uriel ^a   Pellach, Michal ^a   Fridman, Natalia ^b   Margel, Shlomo ^a  

^a BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b Hanita Coatings   (Israel)

Author keywords

Dispersion polymerization; Flame retardance; Flame retardant microspheres; Poly(pentabromostyrene); Polymer blends

Indexed keywords

BROMINE COMPOUNDS; FLAME RETARDANTS; MICROSPHERES; POLYMER BLENDS; POLYMERIZATION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SOUND INSULATING MATERIALS; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY;

DISPERSION POLYMERIZATION; FLAME-RETARDANCE; FLAME-RETARDANT PROPERTIES; MICROMETER SIZED PARTICLES; POLY(PENTABROMOSTYRENE); POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATES (PET); SIZE AND SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATIONS;

DISPERSIONS;

FLAME RETARDANT; MICROSPHERE; MONOMER; POLY(PENTABROMOSTYRENE); POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE; POLYSTYRENE; STYRENE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; COMBUSTION; FLAMMABILITY; PARTICLE SIZE; POLYMERIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYNTHESIS; TEMPERATURE; THERMOSTABILITY;

EID: 84902371292     PISSN: 0303402X     EISSN: 14351536     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00396-014-3167-2     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Laoutid F, Bonnaud L, Alexandre M, Lopez-Cuesta JM, Dubois P (2009) New prospects in flame retardant polymer materials: from fundamentals to nanocomposites. Mat Sci Eng R 63(3):100-125
2. Liu W, Chen L, Wang YZ (2012) A novel phosphorus-containing flame retardant for the formaldehyde-free treatment of cotton fabrics. Polym Degrad Stab 97:2487-2491
3. Tai Q, Chen L, Song L, Nie S, Hu Y, Yuen RKK (2010) Preparation and thermal properties of a novel flame retardant copolymer. Polym Degrad Stab 95:830-836
4. Cheema HA, El-Shafei A, Hauser PJ (2013) Conferring flame retardancy on cotton using novel halogen-free flame retardant bifunctional monomers: synthesis, characterizations and applications. Carbohydr Polym 92:885-893
5. Camino G, Maffezzoli A, Braglia M, De Lazzaro M, Zammarano M (2001) Effect of hydroxides and hydroxycarbonate structure on fire retardant effectiveness and mechanical properties in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Polym Degrad Stab 74:457-464 (Pubitemid 33050932)
6. Qian XD, Song L, Yu B, Wang BB, Yuan BH, Shi YQ, Hu Y, Yuen RKK (2013) Novel organic-inorganic flame retardants containing exfoliated graphene: preparation and their performance on the flame retardancy of epoxy resins. J Mater Chem A 1:6822-6830
7. Font R, Molto J, Ortuno N (2012) Kinetics of tetrabromobisphenol a pyrolysis. Comparison between correlation and mechanistic models. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis 94:53-62
8. Amrollahi M, Sadeghi GMM (2008) Evaluation of adhesion strength, flammability, degradation of HBCD-containing polyurethane and adhesives. J Appl Polym Sci 110:3538-3543
9. Luo WJ, Yang W, Jiang S, Feng JM, Yang MB (2007) Microencapsulation of decabromodiphenyl ether by in situ polymerization: preparation and characterization. Polym Degrad Stab 92:1359-1364 (Pubitemid 46977023)
10. Dvir H, Gottlieb M, Daren S, Tartakovsky E (2003) Optimization of a flame-retarded polypropylene composite. Compos Sci Technol 63(13):1865-1875 (Pubitemid 37042278)
11. Lebeuf M, Gouteux B, Measures L, Trottier S (2004) Levels and temporal trends (1988-1999) of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the St. Lawrence estuary, Canada. Environ Sci Technol 38:2971-2977 (Pubitemid 38691695)
12. Guerra P, Alaee M, Eljarrat E, Barcelo D (2011) Introduction to brominated flame retardants: commercially products, applications, and physicochemical properties. In: Eljarrat E, Barcelo D (eds) Brominated flame retardants. Springer, Berlin, pp 1-17
13. Bianco H, Cohen Y, Narkis M (1996) Coagulum formation and elimination in emulsion copolymerization of tribromostyrene with styrene. Polym Adv Technol 7:809-812 (Pubitemid 126609838)
14. Mark V (1974) Pentabromoalkenyl benzenes. Canadian Patent 943285
15. Goldshtein J, Lublin-Tennenbaum T, Margel S (2011) Emulsion polymerization of pentabromobenzyl acrylate: effect of reaction parameters on the produced flame-retardant nanoparticles. Polym Int 60:1587-1593
16. Yuan Y, Siegmann A, Narkis M (1996) Synthesis, structure, and properties of poly(styrene-co-pentabromobenzyl acrylate) materials. J Appl Polym Sci 60:1475-1481
17. Dvir H, Gottlieb M, Daren S (2003) Thermal polymerization of a brominated flame retardant in a glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene - quantitative analysis. J Appl Polym Sci 88:1506-1515 (Pubitemid 36346871)
18. Zhu MQ, Zhu LY, Han JJ, Wu WW, Hurst JK, Li ADQ (2006) Spiropyran-based photochromic polymer nanoparticles with optically switchable luminescence. J Am Chem Soc 128:4303-4309
19. Horak D, Krystufek M, Spevacek J (2000) Effect of reaction parameters on time dispersion polymerization of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 38:653-663 (Pubitemid 30542085)
20. Mizrahi DM, Omer-Mizrahi M, Goldshtein J, Askinadze N, Margel S (2010) Novel poly(ethylene glycol) monomers bearing diverse functional groups. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 48:5468-5478
21. Goldshtein J,Margel S (2009) Synthesis and characterization of new flame-retardant microspheres by dispersion polymerization of pentabromobenzyl acrylate. Eur Polym J 45:2987-2995
22. Horak D, Chaykivskyy O (2002) Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N, O-dimethacryloylhydroxylamine) particles by dispersion polymerization. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 40:1625-1632
23. Galperin A, Margel S (2006) Synthesis and characterization of new radiopaque microspheres by the dispersion polymerization of an iodinated acrylate monomer for X-ray imaging applications. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 44:3859-3868 (Pubitemid 43966335)
24. Paine AJ, Luymes W, McNulty J (1990) Dispersion polymerization of styrene in polar solvents. 6. Influence of reaction parameters on particle size and molecular weight in poly(N-vinylpyrro1idone)-stabilized reactions. Macromolecules 23:3104-3109 (Pubitemid 20697454)
25. Tseng CM, Lu YY, Elaasser MS, Vanderhoff JW (1986) Uniform polymer particles by dispersion polymerization in alcohol. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 24:2995-3007 (Pubitemid 17477311)
26. Lok KP, Ober CK (1985) Particle size control in dispersion polymerization of polystyrene. Can J Chem 63:209-216
27. Shen S, Sudol ED, Elaasser MS (1993) Control of particle size in dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 31:1393-1402 (Pubitemid 23637963)
28. Christian P, Giles MR, Griffiths RMT, Irvine DJ, Major RC, Howdle SM (2000) Free radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in supercritical carbon dioxide using a pseudo-graft stabilizer: effect of monomer, initiator, and stabilizer concentrations. Macromolecules 33:9222-9227 (Pubitemid 32089766)
29. Croucher MD, Winnik MA (1990) Preparation of polymer particles by dispersion polymerization. In: Candau F, Ottewill RH (eds) An introduction to polymer colloids. Springer, Netherlands, pp 35-72
30. Saenz JM, Asua JM (1998) Kinetics of the dispersion copolymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate. Macromolecules 31:5215-5222 (Pubitemid 128569520)
31. Tuncel A, Cicek H (2000) 2-Hydroxypropylmethacrylate based mono- and bifunctional gel beads prepared by suspension polymerization. Polym Int 49:485-494
32. Ravve A (2012) Principles of polymer chemistry, 3rd edn. Springer, New York, pp 132-138
33. Bamnolker H,Margel S (1996) Dispersion polymerization of styrene in polar solvents: effect of reaction parameters on microsphere surface composition and surface properties, size and size distribution, and molecular weight. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 34(10):1857-1871 (Pubitemid 126556445)
34. Bobovitch A, Gutman E, Schenker M, Utevski L, Muskatel M (1995) New approach to flame retardants: thermal polymerization on fillers. Mater Lett 23:317-320