Ten categories of entrepreneurial climate to encourage rural tourism development

Annals of Leisure Research

Volumn 13, Issue 1-2, 2010, Pages 320-348

  Kline, Carol ^a   Milburn, Lee Anne ^b  

^a EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

Author keywords

Entrepreneur; Entrepreneurial climate; Leisure and recreation; Rural; Tourism

Indexed keywords

EID: 84902271704     PISSN: 11745398     EISSN: 21596816     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/11745398.2010.9686850     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Acs, Z. J., & Malecki, E. J. (2003). Entrepreneurship in rural America: The big picture. Main streets of tomorrow: Growing and financing entrepreneurs conference, April 28-29, 2003, Kansas City, Missouri. Retrieved 5 October 2009 from www.kansas-cityfed.org/PUBLICAT/MainStreets03/RC03_Acs_Malecki.pdf
2. Andereck, K. L., Valentine, K. M., Knopf, R. C., & Vogt, C. A. (2005). Residents' perceptions of community tourism impacts. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(4), 1056-1076.
3. Association for Enterprise Opportunity. (n.d.) Key elements of microenterprise development. Retrieved 25 September 2009 from http://www.microenterpriseworks.org/index.asp?bid=119
4. Association for Enterprise Opportunity. (n.d.) Microenterprise development in rural United States. Retrieved 23 September 2009 from http://www.microenterprise-works.org/microenterpriseworks/files/ccLibraryFiles/Filename/000000000288/Rural%20Microenterprise%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf
5. Aubert, J. (2005). Promoting innovation in developing countries: A conceptual framework. World Bank Institute: Policy Research Working Paper Series, 3554 (April).
6. Barr, T. (1990). From quirky islanders to entrepreneurial magnates: The transition of the Whitsundays. Journal of Tourism Studies, 1(2), 26-32.
7. Bolton, B., & Thompson, J. (2004). Entrepreneurs Talent, temperament, technique (2nd ed). Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann.
8. Bryant, C. (1989). Entrepreneurs in the rural environment. Journal of Rural Studies, 5(4), 337-348.
9. Carter, N. M., Reynolds, P. D., & Gartner, W. B. (2004). Perceptions of entrepreneurial climate. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter, & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of entrepreneurial dynamics: The process of business creation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
10. Chatman, D., Atlman, I., & Johnson, T. (2008). Community entrepreneurial climate: An analysis of small business owners' perspectives in 12 small towns in Missouri, USA. Journal of Rural and Community Development, 3, 60-77.
11. Comen, T. (2006). Integrated rural tourism. Vermont: The Institute for Integrated Rural Tourism.
12. Community Policy Analysis Center (CPAC). (2003, August). Rural Entrepreneurship Initiative Report. Retrieved 6 October 2009 from www.mrdp.net/portals/0/REI%20Guidebook_web.pdf
13. Cook, J. B. (1994). Community development theory. Missouri Extension MP 568. Retrieved 29 September 2009 from http://extension.missouri.edu/publications/DisplayPub.aspx?P=MP568
14. Corporation for Enterprise Development & W. K. Kellogg Foundation (CFED & WKKF). (2003). Mapping rural entrepreneurship. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.wkkf.org/Pubs/RuralMappingRpt_00376_03791.pdf
15. Cowling, M., & Bygrave, W. (2003). Entrepreneurship and unemployment: Relationships between unemployment and entrepreneurship in 37 nations participating in the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2002. Babson College and London School of Business. Retrieved 6 October 2009 from www.gemconsortium.org/download.asp?fid=266.
16. Crane, F. & Meyer, M. (2006). The entrepreneurial climate in Canada: The entrepreneur's viewpoint. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 19(3), 223-232.
17. Drabenstott, M., Novack, N., & Abraham, B. (2003). Main streets of tomorrow: Growing and financing rural entrepreneurs - A conference summary. Center for the Study of Rural America, Federal Reserve of Kansas City. Retrieved 29 September 2009 from www.kansascityfed.org/PUBLICAT/MainStreets03/RC03_Summary.pdf
18. Echtner, C. M. (1995). Entrepreneurial training in developing countries. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(1), 119-134.
19. Elfving, J., Brännback, M. & Carsrud, A. (2006). Proceedings from the 14th Nordic Conference on Small Business Research, May 11-13, 2006, Stockholm, Sweden. Retrieved 18 August 2006 from http://www.ncsb2006.se/pdf/Regional%20Development.pdf
20. Faulkner, B., & Russell, R. (1997). Chaos and complexity in tourism: In search of a new perspective. Pacific Tourism Review, 1(1), 93-102.
21. Flora, C. B., Emery, M., Fey, S., & Bregendahl, C. (2005, December 12-13). Community capitals: A tool for evaluating strategic interventions and projects. 2005 Working Session on Community Capitals Framework: Research, Evaluation, Practice. Retrieved 29 September 2009 from http://www.ag.iastate.edu/centers/rdev/newsletter/june97/build-soc-capital.html
22. Flora, C. B., & Flora, J. L. (1993, September). Entrepreneurial social infrastructure: A necessary ingredient. Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social Science, 529, 48-58. Retrieved 25 September 2009 from http://www.ag.iastate.edu/centers/rdev/pubs/flora/title.htm
23. Flora, C. B., & Flora, J. L. (1988, April). Characteristics of entrepreneurial communities in a time of crisis. Rural Development News, 12, 2.
24. Flora, J. L., Sharp, J., Flora, C. B, & Newlon, B. (1997). Entrepreneurial social infrastructure and locally initiated economic development. Sociological Quarterly, 38(4), 623-645.
25. Florida, R. (2002). Bohemia and Economic Geography. Journal of Economic Geography, 2, 55-71.
26. Genera, C. (2005). Nature vs. nurture. Region Focus, 9(4), 17-20.
27. Goetz, S., & Freshwater, D. (2001). State-level determinants of entrepreneurship and a preliminary measure of entrepreneurial climate. Economic Development Quarterly, 15(1), 58-70.
28. Gunn, C. A. (2002). Tourism planning (4th ed.). New York: Routledge.
29. Haber, S., & Reichel, A. (2007). The cumulative nature of the entrepreneurial process: The contribution of human capital, planning and environment resources to small venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(1), 119-145.
30. HandMade in America. (n.d.). Building creative communities publication.
31. Heartland Center for Leadership Development (HCLD). (n.d.). 20 clues to rural community survival. Retrieved 20 August 2006 from www.heartlandcenter.info/clues.htm
32. Heartland Center for Leadership Development (HCLD). (n.d.). Community capacity questionnaire. Retrieved 20 August 2006 from www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/content/chapter_6/tools/1_000113.pdf
33. Heartland Center for Leadership Development (HCLD). (n.d.). Rate your community support for entrepreneurs. Retrieved 20 August 2006 from http://www.energizin-gentrepreneurs.org/content/chapter_3/tools/1_000027.pdf
34. Hitchcock, M. (2000). Ethnicity and tourism entrepreneurship in Java and Bali. Current Issues in Tourism, 3(3), 204-225.
35. Jurowski, C., & Gursoy, D. (2004). Distance effects on residents' attitudes toward tourism. Annals of Tourism Research,31(2), 296-312.
36. Kayat, K. (2002). Power, social exchanges and tourism in Langkawi: Rethinking resident perceptions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 4(3), 171-191.
37. King, B. S., & Hustedde, R. (May, 2001). Strengthening civic engagement in community decision-making. The Rural South: Preparing for the Challenges of the 21st Century. Mississippi State, MS: Sourthern Rural Development Center. Retreived 23 September 2009 from http://srdc.msstate.edu/publications/king.pdf
38. Kirsten, M., & Rogerson, C. M. (2002, March). Tourism, business linkages and small enterprise development in South Africa. Development Southern Africa, 19(1), 29-59.
39. Koh, K (1996). The tourism entrepreneurial process: A conceptualization and implications for research and development. The Tourist Review, 4, 24-40.
40. Koh, K., & Hatten, T. (2002). The tourism entrepreneur: An overlooked player in tourism development studies. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 3(1), 21-48.
41. Koh, K. (2002). Explaining a community touristscape: An entrepreneurism model. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 3(2), 21-48.
42. Koh, K. (2006). Tourism entrepreneurship: People, place, and process. Tourism Analysis, 11(2), 115-131.
43. Krebs, V., & Holley, J. (2004). Building sustainable communities through social networks. The Nonprofit Quarterly, spring, 46-53.
44. Lerner, M., & Haber, S. (2000). Performance factors of small tourism ventures: The interface of tourism, entrepreneurship, and the environment. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 77-100.
45. Leinberger, C. B. (2005, March). Turning around downtown: Twelve steps to revitalization. The Brookings Institution Research Brief. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution.
46. Litchenstein, G. A., Lyons, T. S., & Kutzhavnova, N. (2004). Building entrepreneurial communities: The appropriate role of enterprise development activities. Journal of Community Development Society, 35, 1.
47. Lordkipanidze, M. (2002). Enhancing entrepreneurship in rural tourism for sustainable regional development: The case of Söderslätt region, Sweden. The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics Reports 2002:10. Retrieved 29 September 2009 from http://www.iiiee.lu.se/Publication.nsf/$webAll/B5D2127CFCFB6D78C1256CCC002E912C/$FILE/Report_2002_10.pdf
48. Lordkipanidze, M., Brezet, H., & Backman, M. (2005). The entrepreneurism factor in sustainable tourism development. Journal for Cleaner Production, 13(8), 787-798.
49. Low, S. (2004). Regional assets indicators: Entrepreneurship breadth and depth. Center for the study of rural America, Federal Reserve of Kansas City. Retrieved 23 September 2009 from http://www.kansascityfed.org/RuralCenter/ruralstudies/studiesmain.htm
50. Low, S. (2005). Regional assets indicators: Wealth. The main street economist. Center for the Study of Rural America, Federal Reserve of Kansas City. Retrieved 29 September 2009 from http://www.kansascityfed.org/RuralCenter/ruralstudies/studiesmain.htm.
51. Low, S., Henderson, J., & Weiler, S. (2005). Gauging a region's entrepreneurial potential. Center for the Study of Rural America, Federal Reserve of Kansas City. Retrieved 24 September 2009 from http://www.kansascityfed.org/RuralCenter/ruralstudies/studiesmain.htm
52. Lyons, T. (2003, April 28-29). Policies for creating an entrepreneurial region. Main-Streets of Tomorrow: Growing and Financing Entrepreneurs conference proceedings. Retrieved 23 September 2009 from www.kansascityfed.org/PUBLICAT/MainStreets03/RC03_Acs_Malecki.pdf
53. Macke, D. (2007). Energizing entrepreneurs: Lessons from the Field. In N. Walzer (Ed.), Entrepreneurship and local economic development (pp. 211-231). Plymouth, UK: Lexington Books.
54. National Trust for Historic Preservation. (n.d.) The Main Street Four-point Approach. Retrieved 25 September 2009 from http://www.preservationnation.org/main-street/about-main-street/the-approach/
55. Malin, S., Goodwin, J., Newman, B.H. & Zuiches, J. (2007). Western Regional Development Center Rural Entrepreneurial Listening Sessions. Retrieved 3 April 2009 from http://extension.usu.edu/files/publications/publication/pub__6990608.pdf
56. Markley, D., Macke, D., & Luther, V. (2005). Energizing entrepreneurs: Charting a course for rural communities. RURPI Center for Rural Entrepreneurship and Heartland Center for Leadership Development. Lincoln, Nebraska: Heartland Center for Regional Development.
57. McGehee, N. G., & Andereck, K. L. (2004). Factors predicting rural residents' support of tourism. Journal of Travel Research,43(2), 131-140.
58. McGehee, N. G., & Kline, C. S. (2008). Entrepreneurship and the rural tourism industry: A primer. In G. Moscardo (Ed.) Building community capacity for tourism development. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing, pp. 123-141.
59. McKercher, B. (1999). A chaos approach to tourism. Tourism Management, 20, 425-434.
60. Minniti, M., Bygrave W., & Autio, E. (2005). Global entrepreneurship monitor: 2005 executive report. Retrieved 19 September 2009 from http://www.gemconsortium.org/about.aspx?page=global_reports_2005.
61. Morse, S. (2004). Smart communities. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons; Jossey-Bass.
62. North Carolina Rural Development Center. (2006, September). Creating entrepreneurial communities: Facts about high-growth entrepreneurs in rural North Carolina. Retrieved 20 December 2006 from www.ncruralcenter.org/pubs/highgrowthen-trep_090_06.pdf
63. Pages, E., & Markley, D. (2004). Understanding the environment for entrepreneurship in Rural North Carolina Report. Retrieved 06 October 2009 from http://www.ncruralcenter.org/entrepreneurship/markelypagesreport.pdf
64. Peters, M. (2005). Entrepreneurial skills in leadership and human resource management evaluated by apprentices in small tourism businesses. Education + Training, 47(8/9), 575-591.
65. Pew Partnership for Civic Change. (2005). Solutions for America: Inventing civic solutions, a how-to guide for launching and sustaining successful community programs. Richmond, VA: University of Richmond press.
66. Project for Public Spaces, Inc. (2005). How to turn a place around: A handbook for creating successful public places. New York: Project for Public Spaces.
67. Putnam, R. D., & Feldstein, L. M. (2003). Better together: Restoring the American community. New York: Simon & Schuster.
68. Reeder, R., & Brown, D. (2005). Recreation, tourism, and rural well-being. Economic Research Report Number 7. United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. Retrieved 23 September 2009 from http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/err7/err7.pdf/
69. Richards, S., & Bulkley, S. (2007). Agricultural entrepreneurs: The first and the forgotten? Hudson Institute Center for Employment Policy Entrepreneurship Seminar Series. Retrieved 23 September 2009 from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1020697
70. Rightmyre, V. M., Johnson, T. G., & Chatman, D. for Community Policy Analysis Center (2004). Growing entrepreneurship from the ground up: A community-based approach to growing your own business. Retrieved 3 April 2010 from http://www.cpac.missouri.edu/topics/rural_entrepreneurship/rei_guidebook.pdf
71. Rural Sociological Society/ National Coalition for Rural Entrepreneurship (RSS/ NCRE). (2006). Catalytic Community Development. Issue Brief: Challenges for Rural America in the Twenty-first Century, No. 6. Retrieved 3 April 2010 from http://ruralsociology.org/StaticContent/Features/brief6.pdf.
72. Russell, R., & Faulkner, B. (1999). Movers and shakers: Chaos makers in tourism development. Tourism Management, 20, 411-423.
73. Russell, R., & Faulkner, B. (2004). Entrepreneurship, chaos and the tourism area life cycle. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(3), 556-579.
74. Sainaghi, R. (2006). From contents to processes: Versus a dynamic destination management model (DDMM). Tourism Management, 27, 1053-1063.
75. Shane, S. (1996). Explaining variation rates of entrepreneurship in the U.S.: 1899-1988. Journal of Management, 22(5), 747-781.
76. Shield, J. F. (2005). Does rural location matter? The significance of a rural setting for small businesses. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 49-63.
77. Sirakaya, E., Teye, V., & Sonmez, S. (2002). Understanding residents' support for tourism development in the Central Region of Ghana. Journal of Travel Research, 41(1), 57-67.
78. Thompson, J. L. (2002). The world of the social entrepreneur. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 15(5), 412-431.
79. Tiessen, J. H. (1997). Individualism, collectivism, and entrepreneurship: A framework for international comparative research. Journal of Business Venturing, 12, 367-384.
80. US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service. (n.d.). Measuring rurality. Retrieved from http://www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/Rurality
81. US Department of Commerce Economic and Statistics Administration/ National Telecommunications and Information Administration. (2004). A nation online: Entering the broadband age. Retrieved 21 September 2009 from http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/index.html.
82. Uriely, N., & Reichel, A. (2000). Working tourists and their attitudes to hosts. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 267-283.
83. Victurine, R. (2000). Building tourism excellence at the community level. Journal of Travel Research, 38, 221-229.
84. Volker, S., & Sorée, J. (2003). Fighting over tourists: A case study of competing entrepreneurs in a small town in Belize. In H. Dahles & L.Keune (Eds.), Tourism development and local participation in Latin America (pp. 101-114). New York: Cognizant Communications Group.
85. Wilson, S., Fesenmaier, D., Fesenmaier, J., & van Es, J. C. (2001). Factors for success in rural tourism development. Journal of Travel Research, 40, 132-138.
86. Zhuplev, A., & Shtykhno, D. (2009). Motivations and obstacles for small business entrepreneurship in Russia: Fifteen years in transition. Journal of East-West Business, 15 (June), 25-49.