Using the circumplex model of affect to study valence and arousal ratings of emotional faces by children and adults with autism spectrum disorders

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Volumn 44, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 1332-1346

  Tseng, Angela ^a   Bansal, Ravi ^a   Liu, Jun ^a   Gerber, Andrew J ^a   Goh, Suzanne ^a   Posner, Jonathan ^a   Colibazzi, Tiziano ^a   Algermissen, Molly ^a   Chiang, I Chin ^a   Russell, James A ^b   Peterson, Bradley S ^a  

^a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons ^*  (United States)

^b BOSTON COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Arousal; Autism spectrum disorders; Circumplex model of affect; Facial emotion; Valence

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; AUTISM; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; EMOTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STATISTICAL MODEL; TASK PERFORMANCE; THINKING;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; AROUSAL; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT DISORDERS, PERVASIVE; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84901651665     PISSN: 01623257     EISSN: 15733432     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-013-1993-6     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, DSM-IV-TR (4th ed.). Arlington: American Psychiatric Publishing, Incorporated.
2. Ashwin, C., Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., O'Riordan, M., & Bullmore, E. T. (2007). Differential activation of the amygdala and the 'social brain' during fearful face-processing in Asperger Syndrome. Neuropsychologia, 45(1), 2-14. (Pubitemid 44830044)
3. Ashwin, C., Chapman, E., Colle, L., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2006). Impaired recognition of negative basic emotions in autism: a test of the amygdala theory. Social Neuroscience, 1(3-4), 349-363.
4. Bal, E., Harden, E., Lamb, D., Van Hecke, A. V., Denver, J. W., & Porges, S. W. (2010). Emotion recognition in children with autism spectrum disorders: Relations to eye gaze and autonomic state. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(3), 358-370.
5. Barrett, L., & Wager, T. (2006). Structure of emotion: Evidence from neuroimaging studies. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 79-83. (Pubitemid 43748097)
6. Batty, M., & Taylor, M. J. (2006). The development of emotional face processing during childhood. Developmental Science, 9(2), 207-220. (Pubitemid 43415545)
7. Beauchaine, T. P., Neuhaus, E., Zalewski, M., Crowell, S. E., & Potapova, N. (2011). The effects of allostatic load on neural systems subserving motivation, mood regulation, and social affiliation. Development and Psychopathology, 23(4), 975-999.
8. Ben-Shalom, D., Mostofsky, S. H., Hazlett, R. L., Goldberg, M. C., Landa, R. J., Faran, Y., et al. (2006). Normal physiological emotions but differences in expression of conscious feelings in children with high-functioning autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(3), 395-400. (Pubitemid 43828663)
9. Berridge, K. C. (2003). Comparing the emotional brains of humans and other animals. In R. J. Davidson, K. R. Scherer, & H. Hill Goldsmith (Eds.), Handbook of affective sciences (pp. 25-51). New York: Oxford University Press.
10. Blair, R. J. R. (1999). Psychophysiological responsiveness to the distress of others in children with autism. Personality and Individual Differences, 26(3), 477-485.
11. Bolte, S., Feineis-Matthews, S., & Poustka, F. (2008). Brief report: Emotional processing in high-functioning autism-physiological reactivity and affective report. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(4), 776-781. (Pubitemid 351421890)
12. Burack, J. A., Iarocci, G., Flanagan, T. D., & Bowler, D. M. (2004). On mosaics and melting pots: Conceptual considerations of comparison and matching strategies. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(1), 65-73. (Pubitemid 38468642)
13. Cacioppo, J. T., Berntson, G. G., Larsen, J. T., Poehlmann, K. M., & Ito, T. A. (2000). The psychophysiology of emotion. In M. Lewis & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (2nd ed., pp. 173-191). New York: Guilford Press.
14. Capps, L., Yirmiya, N., & Sigman, M. (1992). Understanding of simple and complex emotions in non-retarded children with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33(7), 1169-1182.
15. Carey, S. (1992). Becoming a face expert. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences, 335(1273), 95-102.
16. Castelli, F. (2005). Understanding emotions from standardized facial expressions in autism and normal development. Autism, 9(4), 428-449.
17. Celani, G., Battacchi, M. W., & Arcidiacono, L. (1999). The understanding of the emotional meaning of facial expressions in people with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(1), 57-66. (Pubitemid 29118072)
18. Colibazzi, T., Posner, J., Wang, Z., Gorman, D., Gerber, A., Yu, S., et al. (2010). Neural systems subserving valence and arousal during the experience of induced emotions. Emotion, 10(3), 377-389.
19. Constantino, J. N., & Gruber, C. P. (2005). Social responsiveness scale. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.
20. Davidson, R. J. (2003). Seven sins in the study of emotion: Correctives from affective neuroscience. Brain and Cognition, 52(1), 129-132.
21. Dawson, G., Meltzoff, A. N., Osterling, J., Rinaldi, J., & Brown, E. (1998). Children with autism fail to orient to naturally occurring social stimuli. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28(6), 479-485. (Pubitemid 29062057)
22. Di Martino, A., Ross, K., Uddin, L. Q., Sklar, A. B., Castellanos, F. X., & Milham, M. P. (2009). Functional brain correlates of social and nonsocial processes in autism spectrum disorders: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 65(1), 63-74.
23. Ekman, P. (1992). Are there basic emotions? Psychological Review, 99(3), 550-553.
24. Ekman, P. (1993). Facial expression and emotion. American Psychologist, 48(4), 384-392.
25. Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1976). Pictures of facial affect Palo Alto. CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
26. Feldman-Barrett, L., & Russell, J. A. (1998). Independence and bipolarity in the structure of current affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(4), 967-984.
27. Gerber, A. J., Posner, J., Gorman, D., Colibazzi, T., Yu, S., Wang, Z., et al. (2008). An affective circumplex model of neural systems subserving valence, arousal, and cognitive overlay during the appraisal of emotional faces. Neuropsychologia, 46(8), 2129-2139.
28. Giardina, C. R., & Kuhl, F. P. (1977). Accuracy of curve approximation by harmonically related vectors with elliptical loci. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 6(3), 277-285.
29. Golan, O., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hill, J. (2006). The Cambridge Mindreading (CAM) Face-Voice Battery: Testing complex emotion recognition in adults with and without Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(2), 169-183. (Pubitemid 43885377)
30. Gotham, K., Pickles, A., & Lord, C. (2009). Standardizing ADOS scores for a measure of severity in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(5), 693-705.
31. Gotham, K., Risi, S., Pickles, A., & Lord, C. (2007). The Autism diagnostic observation schedule: Revised algorithms for improved diagnostic validity. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(4), 613-627. (Pubitemid 46571734)
32. Grelotti, D. J., Gauthier, I., & Schultz, R. T. (2002). Social interest and the development of cortical face specialization: What autism teaches us about face processing. Developmental Psychobiology, 40(3), 213-225. (Pubitemid 34651290)
33. Harms, M. B., Martin, A., & Wallace, G. L. (2010). Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: A review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies. Neuropsychology Review, 20(3), 290-322.
34. Hill, E., Berthoz, S., & Frith, U. (2004). Brief report: Cognitive processing of own emotions in individuals with autistic spectrum disorder and in their relatives. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(2), 229-235. (Pubitemid 39023476)
35. Hobson, R. P. (1993). Autism and the development of mind. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
36. Hollingshead, A. (1975). Four-factor index of social status. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
37. Hubert, B. E., Wicker, B., Monfardini, E., & Deruelle, C. (2009). Electrodermal reactivity to emotion processing in adults with autistic spectrum disorders. Autism, 13(1), 9-19.
38. Humphreys, K., Minshew, N., Leonard, G. L., & Behrmann, M. (2007). A fine-grained analysis of facial expression processing in high-functioning adults with autism. Neuropsychologia, 45(4), 685-695. (Pubitemid 44958746)
39. Kaartinen, M., Puura, K., Makela, T., Rannisto, M., Lemponen, R., Helminen, M., et al. (2012). Autonomic arousal to direct gaze correlates with social impairments among children with ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(9), 1917-1927.
40. Kliemann, D., Dziobek, I., Hatri, A., Steimke, R., & Heekeren, H. R. (2010). Atypical reflexive gaze patterns on emotional faces in autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Neuroscience, 30(37), 12281-12287.
41. Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., & Volkmar, F. (2003). The enactive mind, or from actions to cognition: Lessons from autism. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences, 358(1430), 345-360. (Pubitemid 36257607)
42. Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F., & Cohen, D. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(9), 809-816. (Pubitemid 35001146)
43. Kraemer, H. C., Yesavage, J. A., Taylor, J. L., & Kupfer, D. (2000). How can we learn about developmental processes from crosssectional studies, or can we? American Journal of Psychiatry, 157(2), 163-171. (Pubitemid 30080893)
44. Kring, A. M., Feldman-Barrett, L., & Gard, D. E. (2003). On the broad applicability of the affective circumplex. Psychological Science, 14(3), 207-214.
45. Kuhl, F. P., & Giardina, C. R. (1982). Elliptic fourier features of a closed contour. Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 18(3), 236-258.
46. Kuhn, G., Benson, V., Fletcher-Watson, S., Kovshoff, H., McCormick, C. A., Kirkby, J., et al. (2010). Eye movements affirm: Automatic overt gaze and arrow cueing for typical adults and adults with autism spectrum disorder. Experimental Brain Research, 201(2), 155-165.
47. Kylliäinen, A., & Hietanen, J. K. (2006). Skin conductance responses to another person's gaze in children with Autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(4), 517-525. (Pubitemid 43854347)
48. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1999). International affective picture system (IAPS): Technical manual and affective ratings Gainesville: University of Florida, Center for Research in Psychophysiology.
49. Legiša, J., Messinger, D., Kermol, E., & Marlier, L. (2013). Emotional responses to odors in children with high-functioning autism: Autonomic arousal, facial behavior and self-report. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(4), 869-879.
50. Lioy, D. T., Wu, W. W., & Bissonnette, J. M. (2011). Autonomic dysfunction with mutations in the gene that encodes methyl-CpG-binding protein 2: Insights into Rett syndrome. Autonomic Neuroscience, 161(1-2), 55-62.
51. Lord, C., Rutter, M., Goode, S., Heemsbergen, J., Jordan, H., Mawhood, L., et al. (1989). Autism diagnostic observation schedule: a standardized observation of communicative and social behavior. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19(2), 185-212. (Pubitemid 19176529)
52. Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994). Autism diagnostic interview-revised: A revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24(5), 659-685. (Pubitemid 24309810)
53. Losh, M., & Capps, L. (2006). Understanding of emotional experience in autism: Insights from the personal accounts of highfunctioning children with autism. Developmental Psychology, 42(5), 809-818. (Pubitemid 44413263)
54. Martineau, J., Hernandez, N., Hiebel, L., Roche, L., Metzger, A., & Bonnet-Brilhault, F. (2011). Can pupil size and pupil responses during visual scanning contribute to the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in children? Journal of Psychiatric Research, 45(8), 1077-1082.
55. Ming, X., Bain, J. M., Smith, D., Brimacombe, M., Gold von-Simson, G., & Axelrod, F. B. (2011). Assessing autonomic dysfunction symptoms in children: A pilot study. Journal of Child Neurology, 26(4), 420-427.
56. Ming, X., Julu, P. O., Brimacombe, M., Connor, S., & Daniels, M. L. (2005). Reduced cardiac parasympathetic activity in children with autism. Brain and Development, 27(7), 509-516. (Pubitemid 41383492)
57. Oldfield, R. C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9(1), 97-113.
58. Ortony, A., & Turner, T. J. (1990). What's basic about basic emotions? Psychological Review, 97(3), 315-331.
59. Osterling, J. A., Dawson, G., & Munson, J. A. (2002). Early recognition of 1-year-old infants with autism spectrum disorder versus mental retardation. Development and Psychopathology, 14(2), 239-251. (Pubitemid 351690096)
60. Ozonoff, S., Pennington, B. F., & Rogers, S. J. (1990). Are there emotion perception deficits in young autistic children? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 31(3), 343-361. (Pubitemid 20171323)
61. Panksepp, J. (1992). A critical role for "affective neuroscience" in resolving what is basic about basic emotions. Psychological Review, 99(3), 554-560.
62. Parish-Morris, J., Chevallier, C., Tonge, N., Letzen, J., Pandey, J., & Schultz, R. T. (2013). Visual attention to dynamic faces and objects is linked to face processing skills: A combined study of children with autism and controls. Front Psychol, 4, 185.
63. Patriquin, M. A., Scarpa, A., Friedman, B. H., & Porges, S. W. (2013). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: A marker for positive social functioning and receptive language skills in children with autism spectrum disorders. Developmental Psychobiology, 55(2), 101-112.
64. Pelphrey, K. A., Sasson, N. J., Reznick, J. S., Paul, G., Goldman, B. D., & Piven, J. (2002). Visual scanning of faces in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32(4), 249-261. (Pubitemid 37490176)
65. Phillips, W., Baron-Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (1992). The role of eye contact in goal detection: Evidence from normal infants and children with autism or mental handicap. Development and Psychopathology, 4(03), 375-383.
66. Piepers, D. W., & Robbins, R. A. (2012). A review and clarification of the terms "holistic," "configural," and "relational" in the face perception literature. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, 559.
67. Porges, S. W. (2007). The polyvagal perspective. Biological Psychology, 74(2), 116-143.
68. Porges, S. W., Doussard-Roosevelt, J. A., Portales, A. L., & Greenspan, S. I. (1996). Infant regulation of the vagal "brake" predicts child behavior problems: A psychobiological model of social behavior. Developmental Psychobiology, 29(8), 697-712. (Pubitemid 126478407)
69. Posner, J., Russell, J. A., Gerber, A., Gorman, D., Colibazzi, T., Yu, S., et al. (2009). The neurophysiological bases of emotion: An fMRI study of the affective circumplex using emotion-denoting words. Human Brain Mapping, 30(3), 883-895.
70. Posner, J., Russell, J. A., & Peterson, B. S. (2005). The circumplex model of affect: an integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(3), 715-734.
71. Riby, D. M., Doherty-Sneddon, G., & Bruce, V. (2008). Exploring face perception in disorders of development: evidence from Williams syndrome and autism. Journal of Neuropsychology, 2(Pt 1), 47-64.
72. Rieffe, C., Meerum Terwogt, M., & Kotronopoulou, K. (2007). Awareness of single and multiple emotions in high-functioning children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(3), 455-465. (Pubitemid 46355978)
73. Russell, J. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161-1178.
74. Russell, J. A. (2005). Emotion in human consciousness is built on core affect. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 12, 26-42.
75. Russell, J., & Bullock, M. (1985). Multidimensional scaling of emotional facial expressions: Similarity from preschoolers to adults. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1290-1298.
76. Russell, J., Weiss, A., & Mendelsohn, G. A. (1989). Affect grid: A single-item scale of pleasure and arousal. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 493-502.
77. Rutherford, M. D., & McIntosh, D. N. (2007). Rules versus prototype matching: Strategies of perception of emotional facial expressions in the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(2), 187-196.
78. Schlosberg, H. (1952). The description of facial expressions in terms of two dimensions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 44(4), 229-237.
79. Swettenham, J., Baron-Cohen, S., Charman, T., Cox, A., Baird, G., Drew, A., et al. (1998). The frequency and distribution of spontaneous attention shifts between social and nonsocial stimuli in autistic, typically developing, and nonautistic developmentally delayed infants. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 39(5), 747-753. (Pubitemid 28339606)
80. Tantam, D., Monaghan, L., Nicholson, H., & Stirling, J. (1989). Autistic children's ability to interpret faces: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30(4), 623-630.
81. Vaughan Van Hecke, A., Lebow, J., Bal, E., Lamb, D., Harden, E., Kramer, A., et al. (2009). Electroencephalogram and heart rate regulation to familiar and unfamiliar people in children with autism spectrum disorders. Child Development, 80(4), 1118-1133.
82. Wallace, G. L., Case, L. K., Harms, M. B., Silvers, J. A., Kenworthy, L., & Martin, A. (2011). Diminished sensitivity to sad facial expressions in high functioning autism spectrum disorders is associated with symptomatology and adaptive functioning. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(11), 1475-1486.
83. Watson, D., & Tellegen, A. (1985). Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 219-235.
84. Wechsler, D. (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI) San Antonio. TX: Harcourt Assessment.
85. Wright, B., Clarke, N., Jordan, J., Young, A. W., Clarke, P., Miles, J., et al. (2008). Emotion recognition in faces and the use of visual context in young people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders. Autism, 12(6), 607-626.