Cyber-bullying: An investigation of the psychological profile of university student participants

Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology

Volumn 35, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 204-214

  Kokkinos, Constantinos M ^a   Antoniadou, Nafsika ^a   Markos, Angelos ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Cyber bullying; Cyber victimization; Online aggression; Personality profile; Psychological symptoms; University students

Indexed keywords

EID: 84901624603     PISSN: 01933973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2014.04.001     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 2000, Author, Washington, DC. 4th text revision ed.
2. Andershed H., Kerr M., Stattin H., Levander S. Psychopathic traits in nonreferred youths: A new assessment tool. Psychopaths: Current international perspectives 2002, 131-156. Elsevier, Netherlands. E. Blaauw, L. Sheridan (Eds.).
3. Ang R.P., Goh D.H. Cyberbullying Among Adolescents: The Role of Affective and Cognitive Empathy, and Gender. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 2010, 41:387-397.
4. Antoniadou N., Kokkinos C.M. A review of cyber-bullying research in Greece. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 2013, 10.1080/02673843.2013.778207.
5. Antoniadou N., Kokkinos C.M. Cyber bullying and cyber victimization among children and adolescents: Frequency and risk factors. Preschool and Primary Education 2013, 1:138-169. 10.12681/ppej.42.
6. Aricak O.T. Psychiatric symptomatology as a predictor of cyberbullying among university students. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 2009, 34:167-184.
7. Boyce P., Parker G. Development of a scale to measure interpersonal sensitivity. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1989, 23:341-351.
8. Brown R.P., Budzek K., Tamborski M. On the meaning and measure of narcissism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 2009, 35:951-964.
9. Bushman B.J., Baumeister R.F. Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression: Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1998, 75:219-229.
10. Campbell M.A. Cyber bullying and young people: Treatment principles not simplistic advice (Retrieved from). http://eprints.qut.edu.au/14903/.
11. Carver C.S., Scheier M.F. Perspectives on personality 2000, Allyn and Bacon, Boston, MA. 4th ed.
12. Chapell M.S., Hasselman S.L., Kitchin T., Lomon S.N., Maclver K.W., Sarullo P.L. Bullying in elementary school, high school, and college. Adolescence 2006, 41:633-648.
13. Chen X., Li F., Nydegger L., Gong J., Ren Y., Dinaj-Koci V., et al. Brief Sensation Seeking Scale for Chinese-Cultural adaptation and psychometric assessment. Personality and Individual Differences 2013, 54:604-609.
14. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 1988, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. 2nd ed.
15. Coloroso B. The bully, the bullied, and the bystander 2008, Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY.
16. Derogatis L.R. Brief Symptom Inventory 1975, Clinical Psychometric Research, Baltimore, MD.
17. Dickerson D. Cyberbullies on Campus 2005, University of Toledo Law Review, (37(1). Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=1087800).
18. Erikson E.H. Childhood and Society 1975, Penguin, Harmondsworth, UK.
19. Erdur-Baker Ö. Cyberbullying and its correlation to traditional bullying, gender and frequent and risky usage of internet-mediated communication tools. New Media & Society 2010, 12(1):109-125.
20. Fanti K.A., Demetriou A.G., Hawa V.V. A longitudinal study of cyberbullying: Examining risk and protective factors. European Journal of Developmental Psychology 2012, 9(2):168-181.
21. Fegenbush B.S., Olivier D.F. Cyberbullying: A Literature Review. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Louisiana Education Research Association 2009, March, Reserach Assosiation, Lafayette.
22. Frick P., Hare R.D. The Antisocial Processes Screening Device 2001, Multi-Health Systems, Toronto, ON.
23. Hasebrink U., Livingstone S., Haddon L. Comparing children's online opportunities and risks across Europe: Cross-national comparisons for EU Kids Online 2008, EU, London, (Retrieved from http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/21656/).
24. Hinduja S., Patchin J.W. Cyberbullying: An exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization. Deviant Behavior 2008, 29:129-156.
25. Hinduja S., Patchin J.W. Bullying beyond the Schoolyard: Preventing and Responding to Cyberbullying 2009, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
26. Hong Y., Li X., Mao R., Stanton B. Internet use among Chinese college students: implications for sex education and HIV prevention. CyberPsychology & Behavior 2006, 10:161-169.
27. Hoyle R.J., Stephenson M.T., Palmgreen P., Lorch E.P., Donohew R.L. Reliability and validity of a brief measure of sensation seeking. Personality and Individual Differences 2002, 32:404-414.
28. Hu L., Bentler P.M. Cut off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structural analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling 1999, 6:1-55.
29. Huang Y.Y., Cho C. An analysis of multiple factors of cyberbullying among junior high school students in Taiwan. Computers in Human Behavior 2010, 26:1581-1590.
30. Jackson L., Gillaspy J.A., Pure-Stephenson R. Reporting practices in confirmatory factor analysis: An overview and some recommendations. Psychological Methods 2009, 14:6-23.
31. Jolliffe D., Farrington D.P. Examining the relationship between low empathy and bullying. Aggressive Behavior 2006, 32:540-550.
32. Jones J., Scott S. Cyberbullying in the University Classroom: A Multiplicity of Issues. Cutting-edge Technologies in Higher Education 2012, Volume 5:157-182. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, UK. L.A. Wankel, C. Wankel (Eds.).
33. Keen A. The cult of the amateur 2007, Nicholas Brealey, London, UK.
34. Kerig P.K., Stellwagen K.K. Roles of callous/unemotional traits, narcissism, and Machiavellianism in childhood aggression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2010, 32:343-352.
35. Kim K.H., Davis K.E. Toward a comprehensive theory of problematic Internet use: Evaluating the role of self-esteem, anxiety, flow, and the self-rated importance of Internet activities. Computers in Human Behavior 2009, 25:490-500.
36. Kokkinos C.M., Antoniadou N., Dalara E., Koufogazou A., Papatziki A. Cyber-bullying, personality, and coping among pre-adolescents. International Journal of Cyber Behavior, Psychology and Learning 2013, 3(4):55-69.
37. Kraft E.M., Wang J. An exploratory study of the cyberbullying and cyberstalking experiences and factors related to victimization of students at a public liberal arts college. International Journal of Technoethics 2010, 1:74-91.
38. Kroenke K., Spitzer R.L., Williams J.B. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2001, 16(9):606-613.
39. Lawler J.P., Molluzzo J.C. A Survey of First-Year College Student Perceptions of Privacy in Social Networking. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges 2011, 26(3):36-41.
40. Lawrence E.J., Shaw P., Baker D., Baron-Cohen S., David A.S. Measuring empathy: reliability and validity of the Empathy Quotient. Psychological Medicine 2004, 34:911-920.
41. Lazuras L., Barkoukis V., Ourda D., Tsorbatzoudis H. A process model of cyberbullying in adolescence. Computers in Human Behavior 2013, 29:881-887.
42. Lindsay M., Krysik J. Online harassment among college students. Information, Communication & Society 2012, 15:703-719.
43. Locke K.D. Aggression, narcissism, self-esteem, and the attribution of desirable and humanizing traits to self versus others. Journal of Research in Personality 2009, 43:99-102.
44. Loewen L.J., Lyle G., Nachshen J.S. An eight-item form of the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and an application to charitable giving (Retrieved from). http://crcee.umontreal.ca/pdf/Eight%20Question%20ES_final.pdf.
45. Loutsiou-Ladd A., Panayiotou G., Kokkinos C.M. A Review of the Factorial Structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI): Greek Evidence. International Journal of Testing 2008, 8(1):90-110.
46. MacDonald C.D., Roberts-Pittman B. Cyberbullying among college students: prevalence and demographic Differences. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2010, 9:2003-2009.
47. Mattick R.P., Clarke C. Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy 1998, 36:455-470.
48. Mayer D. Cyberbullying: An ethnographic case study of one Australian upper primary school class. Youth Studies Australia 2008, 27:50-57.
49. McKenna K.Y.A., Bargh J.A. Causes and consequences of social interaction on the Internet: A conceptual framework. Media Psychology 1999, 1:249-269.
50. Menesini E. Cyberbullying: The right value of the phenomenon. Comments on the paper 'Cyberbullying: An overrated phenomenon?'. European Journal of Developmental Psychology 2012, 9:544-552.
51. Miller J.D., Campbell W.K. The case for using research on trait narcissism as a building block for understanding narcissistic personality disorder. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Practice 2010, 1:180-191.
52. Muthén L.K., Muthén B.O. Mplus User's Guide 6 2010, Muthén & Muthén, Los Angeles, CA.
53. Olivares J., Garcia-Lopez L.J., Hidalgo M.D. The social phobia scale and the social interaction scale: Factor structure in Spanish -speaking population. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment 2001, 19:69-80.
54. Punyanunt-Carter N. An analysis of college students' self-disclosure behaviours on the Internet. College Student Journal 2006, 40:329-331.
55. Ragatz L.L., Anderson R.J., Fremouw W., Schwartz R. Criminal Thinking Patterns, Aggression Styles, and the Psychopathic Traits of Late High School Bullies and Bully-Victims. Aggressive Behavior 2010, 35:1-16.
56. Riebel J., Jager R.S., Fischer U.C. Cyber-bullying in Germany- an exploration of prevalence, overlapping with real life bullying and coping strategies. Psychology Science Quarterly 2009, 51:298-314.
57. Ruipérez M.A., Ibáñez M.I., Lorente E., Moro M., Ortet G. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the BSI. European Journal of Psychological Assessment 2001, 17:241-250.
58. Schenk A.M., Fremouw W.J., Keelan C.M. Characteristics of college cyberbullies. Computers in Human Behavior 2013, 29:2320-2327.
59. Schiffrin H., Edelman A., Falkenstern M., Stewart C. The associations among computer-mediated communication, relationships, and well-being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 2010, 3:299-306.
60. Seals R.W., Sharp C., Ha C., Michonski J.D. The Relationship Between the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory and Psychopathology in a U.S. Community Sample of Male Youth. Journal of Personality Assessment 2012, 94:232-243.
61. Shamay-Tsoory S.G., Aharon-Peretz J., Perry D. Two systems for empathy: A double dissociation between emotional and cognitive empathy in inferior frontal gyrus versus ventromedial prefrontal lesions. Brain 2009, 132:617-627.
62. Smith P., Mahdavi J., Carvalho M., Tippett N. An investigation into cyberbullying, its forms, awareness and impact, and the relationship between age and gender in cyberbullying (Retrieved from). http://www.antibullyingalliance.org/ResearchEvaluationTeamResarchReport.htm.
63. Sontag L.M., Clemans K.H., Graber J.A., Lyndon S.T. Traditional and cyber aggressors and victims: A comparison of psychosocial characteristics. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 2011, 40:392-404.
64. Suler J. The online disinhibition effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior 2004, 7:321-326.
65. Sygkollitou E., Psalti A., Kapatzia A. Cyberbullying among Greek adolescents. Cyberbullying - A cross-national comparison 2010, 101-113. Verlag Empirische Padagogik, Landau, Germany. J.A. Mora-MerchaD́n, T. Jager (Eds.).
66. Tanrikulu I., Erdur-Baker O. Cyber Bullying and Risky Internet Use among University Students. Paper presented at the European Educational Research Association Conference 2010, August, (Retrieved from http://www.eera-ecer.de/ecer-programmes/conference/3/contribution/4498/).
67. Turan, N., Polat, O., Karapirli, M., & Uysal, C. (2011). The new violence type of the era: Cyber bullying among university students. Neurology, psychiatry and brain research, 17, 21-26.Vance, J. W. (2010). Cyber-harassment in Higher Education: Online learning environments. (Unpublished Doctoral thesis), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
68. Veen V.C., Stevens G.W., Andershed H., Raaijmakers Q.A., Doreleijers T.A., Vollebergh W.A. Cross-ethnic generalizability of the three-factor model of psychopathy: The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory in an incarcerated sample of native Dutch and Moroccan immigrant boys. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 2011, 34:127-130.
69. Vygotsky L. Mind in society 1978, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
70. Wakabayashi A., Baron-Cohen S., Wheelwright S., Goldenfeld N., Delaney J., Fine D., et al. Development of short forms of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short) and the Systemizing Quotient (SQ-Short). Personality and Individual Differences 2006, 41:929-940.
71. Walker C.M., Sockman B.R., Koehn S. An exploratory study of cyberbullying with undergraduate university students. TechTrends: Linking Research and Practice to Improve Learning 2011, 55:31-38.
72. Weatherbee T., Kelloway E.K. Cyber-aggression. Handbook of Workplace Violence 2006, 445-488. SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA. E.K. Kelloway, J. Barling, J.J. Hurrell (Eds.).
73. Willard N. Educator's guide to cyberbullying: Addressing the harm caused by online social cruelty (Available from). http://cyberbully.org.
74. Workman T.A. Responding to the YOUTUBE and MYSPACE Generation: Thinking Digitally About Today's College Student. Paper presented at the 29th Annual National Conference on Law and Higher Education, Stetson University College of Law February, 2008.
75. Ybarra M.L. Linkages between depressive symptomatology and Internet harassment among young regular Internet users. CyberPsychology & Behavior 2004, 7:247-257.
76. Zuckerman M. Sensation seeking: Beyond the optimal level of arousal 1979, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.