메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 209-219

Sleep disturbance is common among servicemembers and veterans of operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom

Author keywords

Insomnia; Military service; Nightmares; PTSD; Sleep; Veterans

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANXIETY; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SLEEP DISORDERS; SOLDIER; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; UNITED STATES; VETERAN; WAR; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84901619775     PISSN: 15411559     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0034958     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (104)

References (56)
  • 2
    • 77949354205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma exposure, branch of service, and physical injury in relation to mental health among U.S. veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan
    • Baker, D. G., Heppner, P., Afari, N., Nunnink, S., Kilmer, M., Simmons, A., . . . Bosse, B. (2009). Trauma exposure, branch of service, and physical injury in relation to mental health among U.S. veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. Military Medicine, 174, 773-778.
    • (2009) Military Medicine , vol.174 , pp. 773-778
    • Baker, D.G.1    Heppner, P.2    Afari, N.3    Nunnink, S.4    Kilmer, M.5    Simmons, A.6    Bosse, B.7
  • 3
    • 0029866450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: A longitudinal study of young adults
    • doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00188-3
    • Breslau, N., Roth, T., Rosenthal, L., & Andreski, P. (1996). Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: A longitudinal study of young adults. Biological Psychiatry, 39, 411-418. doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00188-3
    • (1996) Biological Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 411-418
    • Breslau, N.1    Roth, T.2    Rosenthal, L.3    Andreski, P.4
  • 4
    • 0024389366 scopus 로고
    • The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
    • doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
    • Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28, 193-213. doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
    • (1989) Psychiatry Research , vol.28 , pp. 193-213
    • Buysse, D.J.1    Reynolds, C.F.2    Monk, T.H.3    Berman, S.R.4    Kupfer, D.J.5
  • 5
    • 23944454082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep and trauma: An overview
    • doi:10.1080/ 01612840591008294
    • Caldwell, B. A., & Redeker, N. (2005). Sleep and trauma: An overview. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 26, 721-738. doi:10.1080/ 01612840591008294
    • (2005) Issues in Mental Health Nursing , vol.26 , pp. 721-738
    • Caldwell, B.A.1    Redeker, N.2
  • 6
    • 42549104028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • STOP questionnaire: A tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea
    • doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31816d83e4
    • Chung, F., Yegneswaran, B., Liao, P., Vairavanathan, S., Islam, S., Khajehdehi, A., & Shapiro, C. M. (2008). STOP questionnaire: A tool to screen patients for obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiology, 108, 812-821. doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31816d83e4
    • (2008) Anesthesiology , vol.108 , pp. 812-821
    • Chung, F.1    Yegneswaran, B.2    Liao, P.3    Vairavanathan, S.4    Islam, S.5    Khajehdehi, A.6    Shapiro, C.M.7
  • 7
    • 0344688260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study on the experience of insomnia in a psychiatric inpatient population
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-2850.2003.00654.x
    • Collier, E., Skitt, G., & Cutts, H. (2003). A study on the experience of insomnia in a psychiatric inpatient population. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10, 697-704. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2850 .2003.00654.x
    • (2003) Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing , vol.10 , pp. 697-704
    • Collier, E.1    Skitt, G.2    Cutts, H.3
  • 8
    • 33646505542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of insomnia and sleep disturbances on depression and suicidality
    • doi:10.1037/1053-0797.16.1.1
    • Cukrowicz, K. C., Otamendi, A., Pinto, J. V., Bernert, R. A., Krakow, B., & Joiner, T. E. (2006). The impact of insomnia and sleep disturbances on depression and suicidality. Dreaming, 16, 1-10. doi:10.1037/1053-0797.16.1.1
    • (2006) Dreaming , vol.16 , pp. 1-10
    • Cukrowicz, K.C.1    Otamendi, A.2    Pinto, J.V.3    Bernert, R.A.4    Krakow, B.5    Joiner, T.E.6
  • 10
    • 0035096425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting clinically significant response to cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia in general medicine practice: Analyses of outcome data at 12 months posttreatment
    • doi:10.1037/0022-006X.69.1.58
    • Espie, C. A., Inglis, S. J., & Harvey, L. (2001). Predicting clinically significant response to cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia in general medicine practice: Analyses of outcome data at 12 months posttreatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 58-66. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.69.1.58
    • (2001) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.69 , pp. 58-66
    • Espie, C.A.1    Inglis, S.J.2    Harvey, L.3
  • 11
    • 0024448838 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders
    • doi: 10.1001/jama.1989.03430110069030
    • Ford, D. E., & Kamerow, D. B. (1989). Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. JAMA, 262, 1479-1484. doi: 10.1001/jama.1989.03430110069030
    • (1989) JAMA , vol.262 , pp. 1479-1484
    • Ford, D.E.1    Kamerow, D.B.2
  • 12
    • 84897192127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic stress disorder among military returnees from Afghanistan and Iraq
    • doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.4.586
    • Friedman, M. (2006). Posttraumatic stress disorder among military returnees from Afghanistan and Iraq. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 586-593. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.4.586
    • (2006) The American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.163 , pp. 586-593
    • Friedman, M.1
  • 13
    • 10044273152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Casualties of war-Military care for the wounded from Iraq and Afghanistan
    • doi:10.1056/NEJMp048317
    • Gawande, A. (2004). Casualties of war-Military care for the wounded from Iraq and Afghanistan. The New England Journal of Medicine, 351, 2471-2475. doi:10.1056/NEJMp048317
    • (2004) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.351 , pp. 2471-2475
    • Gawande, A.1
  • 14
    • 77955389330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of sleep disturbances in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom veterans reporting a trauma
    • Gellis, L. A., Gehrman, P. R., Mavandadi, S., & Oslin, D. (2010). Predictors of sleep disturbances in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom veterans reporting a trauma. Military Medicine, 175, 567-573.
    • (2010) Military Medicine , vol.175 , pp. 567-573
    • Gellis, L.A.1    Gehrman, P.R.2    Mavandadi, S.3    Oslin, D.4
  • 15
    • 7944223951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A brief sleep scale for posttraumatic stress disorder: Pittsburgh sleep quality index addendum for PTSD
    • doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.02.001
    • Germain, A., Hall, M., Krakow, B., Shear, M. K., & Buysse, D. J. (2005). A brief sleep scale for posttraumatic stress disorder: Pittsburgh sleep quality index addendum for PTSD. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 19, 233-244. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.02.001
    • (2005) Journal of Anxiety Disorders , vol.19 , pp. 233-244
    • Germain, A.1    Hall, M.2    Krakow, B.3    Shear, M.K.4    Buysse, D.J.5
  • 16
    • 79953060828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Guard families after combat: Mental health, use of mental health services, and perceived treatment barriers
    • doi:10.1176/appi.ps.62.1.28
    • Gorman, L. A., Blow, A. F., Ames, B. D., & Reed, P. L. (2011). National Guard families after combat: Mental health, use of mental health services, and perceived treatment barriers. Psychiatric Services, 62, 28-34, doi:10.1176/appi.ps.62.1.28
    • (2011) Psychiatric Services , vol.62 , pp. 28-34
    • Gorman, L.A.1    Blow, A.F.2    Ames, B.D.3    Reed, P.L.4
  • 18
    • 84875937202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia
    • doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061390
    • Haimov, I., & Shatil, E. (2013). Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia. PloS ONE, 8(4), e61390. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061390
    • (2013) PloS ONE , vol.8 , Issue.4
    • Haimov, I.1    Shatil, E.2
  • 19
    • 0031778116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective evaluation of motor vehicle accident survivors
    • doi:10.1037/0022-006X.66.3.507
    • Harvey, A. G., & Bryant, R. A. (1998). The relationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective evaluation of motor vehicle accident survivors. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 507-512. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.66.3.507
    • (1998) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 507-512
    • Harvey, A.G.1    Bryant, R.A.2
  • 20
    • 0037404715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review
    • doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(03)00032-1
    • Harvey, A. G., Jones, C., & Schmidt, D. A. (2003). Sleep and posttraumatic stress disorder: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 23, 377-407. doi:10.1016/S0272-7358(03)00032-1
    • (2003) Clinical Psychology Review , vol.23 , pp. 377-407
    • Harvey, A.G.1    Jones, C.2    Schmidt, D.A.3
  • 21
    • 33644605043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental health problems, use of mental health services, and attrition from military service after returning from deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan
    • doi:10.1001/jama.295.9.1023
    • Hoge, C. W., Auchterlonie, J. L., & Milliken, C. S. (2006). Mental health problems, use of mental health services, and attrition from military service after returning from deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan. JAMA, 295, 1023-1032. doi:10.1001/jama.295.9.1023
    • (2006) JAMA , vol.295 , pp. 1023-1032
    • Hoge, C.W.1    Auchterlonie, J.L.2    Milliken, C.S.3
  • 23
    • 84876132367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index addendum for posttraumatic stress disorder (PSQI-A) in U. S. male military veterans
    • doi:10.1002/jts.21793
    • Insana, S., Hall, M., Buysse, D., & Germain, A. (2013). Validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index addendum for posttraumatic stress disorder (PSQI-A) in U.S. male military veterans. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 26, 192-200. doi:10.1002/jts.21793
    • (2013) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.26 , pp. 192-200
    • Insana, S.1    Hall, M.2    Buysse, D.3    Germain, A.4
  • 25
    • 0034853189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The PHQ-9; Validity of a brief depression severity measure
    • doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
    • Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9; Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16, 606-613. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
    • (2001) Journal of General Internal Medicine , vol.16 , pp. 606-613
    • Kroenke, K.1    Spitzer, R.L.2    Williams, J.B.3
  • 27
    • 84876114881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep and psychiatric disorders
    • In C. M. Morin & C. A. Espie (Eds.), New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376203.013.0024
    • Manber, R., Haynes, T., & Siebern, A. T. (2012). Sleep and psychiatric disorders. In C. M. Morin & C. A. Espie (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of sleep and sleep disorders (pp. 471-501). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376203.013.0024
    • (2012) The Oxford handbook of sleep and sleep disorders , pp. 471-501
    • Manber, R.1    Haynes, T.2    Siebern, A.T.3
  • 28
    • 84883654585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for insomnia and nightmares in Afghanistan and Iraq veterans with PTSD
    • Advance online publication. doi:10.1002/jclp .21970
    • Margolies, S., Rybarczyk, B., Vrana, S., Leszczyszyn, D., & Lynch, J. (2013). Efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment for insomnia and nightmares in Afghanistan and Iraq veterans with PTSD. Journal of Clinical Psychology. Advance online publication. doi:10.1002/jclp .21970
    • (2013) Journal of Clinical Psychology
    • Margolies, S.1    Rybarczyk, B.2    Vrana, S.3    Leszczyszyn, D.4    Lynch, J.5
  • 29
    • 77958004057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insomnia is the most commonly reported symptom and predicts other symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in U.S. service members returning from military deployments
    • McLay, R. N., Klam, W. P., & Volkert, S. L. (2010). Insomnia is the most commonly reported symptom and predicts other symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in U.S. service members returning from military deployments. Military Medicine, 175, 759-762.
    • (2010) Military Medicine , vol.175 , pp. 759-762
    • McLay, R.N.1    Klam, W.P.2    Volkert, S.L.3
  • 30
    • 84901606404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia in posttraumatic stress disorder]. Unpublished raw data
    • Neylan, T. C. (2013). [Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia in posttraumatic stress disorder]. Unpublished raw data.
    • (2013)
    • Neylan, T.C.1
  • 32
  • 35
    • 77957895391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep quality in treatment-seeking veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom: The role of cognitive coping strategies and unit cohesion
    • doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.07.002
    • Pietrzak, R. H., Morgan, C. A., & Southwick, S. M. (2010). Sleep quality in treatment-seeking veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom: The role of cognitive coping strategies and unit cohesion. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 69, 441-448. doi:10.1016/j .jpsychores.2010.07.002
    • (2010) Journal of Psychosomatic Research , vol.69 , pp. 441-448
    • Pietrzak, R.H.1    Morgan, C.A.2    Southwick, S.M.3
  • 38
    • 84901612837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of sleep disorders medicine
    • In M. Reite, M. Weissberg, & J. Ruddy (Eds.), Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc
    • Reite, M., Weissberg, M., & Ruddy, J. (2009). Overview of sleep disorders medicine. In M. Reite, M. Weissberg, & J. Ruddy (Eds.), Clinical manual for the evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders (pp. 1-2). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
    • (2009) Clinical manual for the evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders , pp. 1-2
    • Reite, M.1    Weissberg, M.2    Ruddy, J.3
  • 39
    • 84901606405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • November. Poster presentation at International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Conference, Chicago, IL
    • Roberts, M., & Plumb, T. (2008, November). Treatment effects of insomnia group for veterans with PTSD. Poster presentation at International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Conference, Chicago, IL.
    • (2008) Treatment effects of insomnia group for veterans with PTSD
    • Roberts, M.1    Plumb, T.2
  • 40
    • 0026018999 scopus 로고
    • Frequency of symptoms and concurrent psychiatric disorder in Vietnam veterans with chronic PTSD
    • Roszell, D. K., McFall, M. E., & Malas, K. L. (1991). Frequency of symptoms and concurrent psychiatric disorder in Vietnam veterans with chronic PTSD. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 42, 293-296.
    • (1991) Hospital & Community Psychiatry , vol.42 , pp. 293-296
    • Roszell, D.K.1    McFall, M.E.2    Malas, K.L.3
  • 41
    • 80755143232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Student veterans: A national survey exploring psychological symptoms and suicide risk
    • doi:10.1037/a0025164
    • Rudd, M., Goulding, J., & Bryan, C. J. (2011). Student veterans: A national survey exploring psychological symptoms and suicide risk. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 42, 354 -360. doi:10.1037/ a0025164
    • (2011) Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , vol.42 , pp. 354-360
    • Rudd, M.1    Goulding, J.2    Bryan, C.J.3
  • 42
    • 33947251652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bringing the war back home: Mental health disorders among 103788 US veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan seen at Department of Veterans Affairs facilities
    • doi:10.1001/archinte.167.5.476
    • Seal, K. H., Bertenthal, D., Miner, C. R., Sen, S., & Marmar, C. (2007). Bringing the war back home: Mental health disorders among 103788 US veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan seen at Department of Veterans Affairs facilities. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167, 476-482. doi:10.1001/archinte.167.5.476
    • (2007) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.167 , pp. 476-482
    • Seal, K.H.1    Bertenthal, D.2    Miner, C.R.3    Sen, S.4    Marmar, C.5
  • 43
    • 69049086694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends and risk factors for mental health diagnoses among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans using Department of Veterans Affairs health care, 2002-2008
    • doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.150284
    • Seal, K. H., Metzler, T. J., Gima, K. S., Bertenthal, D., Maguen, S., & Marmar, C. R. (2009). Trends and risk factors for mental health diagnoses among Iraq and Afghanistan veterans using Department of Veterans Affairs health care, 2002-2008. American Journal of Public Health, 99, 1651-1658. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.150284
    • (2009) American Journal of Public Health , vol.99 , pp. 1651-1658
    • Seal, K.H.1    Metzler, T.J.2    Gima, K.S.3    Bertenthal, D.4    Maguen, S.5    Marmar, C.R.6
  • 44
    • 3042692755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep apnea in a high risk population: A study of veterans health administration beneficiaries
    • doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2004.01.019
    • Sharafkhaneh, A., Richardson, P., & Hirshkowitz, M. (2004). Sleep apnea in a high risk population: A study of veterans health administration beneficiaries. Sleep Medicine, 5, 345-350. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2004.01 .019
    • (2004) Sleep Medicine , vol.5 , pp. 345-350
    • Sharafkhaneh, A.1    Richardson, P.2    Hirshkowitz, M.3
  • 45
    • 80051608611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preventing suicide among returning combat veterans: A moral imperative
    • Sher, L., & Yehuda, R. (2011). Preventing suicide among returning combat veterans: A moral imperative. Military Medicine, 176, 601-602.
    • (2011) Military Medicine , vol.176 , pp. 601-602
    • Sher, L.1    Yehuda, R.2
  • 47
    • 21944440237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia occurring within the context of medical and psychiatric disorders
    • doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.004
    • Smith, M. T., Huang, M. I., & Manber, R. (2005). Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia occurring within the context of medical and psychiatric disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 559-592. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.004
    • (2005) Clinical Psychology Review , vol.25 , pp. 559-592
    • Smith, M.T.1    Huang, M.I.2    Manber, R.3
  • 48
    • 33646815612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7
    • doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
    • Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Lowe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166, 1092-1097. doi:10.1001/archinte.166 .10.1092
    • (2006) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.166 , pp. 1092-1097
    • Spitzer, R.L.1    Kroenke, K.2    Williams, J.B.3    Lowe, B.4
  • 50
    • 84901637368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • February 1. Army Times. Retrieved from
    • Tan, M. (2013, February 1). Record 325 suspected Army suicides in 2012. Army Times. Retrieved from http://www.armytimes.com/news/2013/02/ army-record-breaking-325-suspected-army-suicides-in-2012-020113/
    • (2013) Record 325 suspected Army suicides in 2012
    • Tan, M.1
  • 51
    • 77953304470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of mental health problems and functional impairment among active component and National Guard soldiers 3 and 12 months following combat in Iraq
    • doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.54
    • Thomas, J. L., Wilk, J. E., Riviere, L. A., McGurk, D., Castro, C. A., & Hoge, C. W. (2010). Prevalence of mental health problems and functional impairment among active component and National Guard soldiers 3 and 12 months following combat in Iraq. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 614-623. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.54
    • (2010) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 614-623
    • Thomas, J.L.1    Wilk, J.E.2    Riviere, L.A.3    McGurk, D.4    Castro, C.A.5    Hoge, C.W.6
  • 52
    • 84901606406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. October 18. National Center for PTSD: Professional Section. Retrieved from
    • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. (2012, October 18). Combat Exposure Scale (CES). National Center for PTSD: Professional Section. Retrieved from http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/pp./assessments/ ces.asp
    • (2012) Combat Exposure Scale (CES)
  • 53
    • 80455174578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insomnia characteristics and clinical correlates in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury: An exploratory study
    • doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2011.06.004
    • Wallace, D. M., Shafazand, S., Ramos, A. R., Carvalho, D. Z., Gardener, H., Lorenzo, D., & Wohlgemuth, W. K. (2011). Insomnia characteristics and clinical correlates in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury: An exploratory study. Sleep Medicine, 12, 850-859. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.06.004
    • (2011) Sleep Medicine , vol.12 , pp. 850-859
    • Wallace, D.M.1    Shafazand, S.2    Ramos, A.R.3    Carvalho, D.Z.4    Gardener, H.5    Lorenzo, D.6    Wohlgemuth, W.K.7
  • 55
    • 0016238921 scopus 로고
    • The effects of a chronic limitation of sleep length
    • doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1974.tb00543.x
    • Webb, W. B., & Agnew, H. W. (1974). The effects of a chronic limitation of sleep length. Psychophysiology, 11, 265-274. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1974.tb00543.x
    • (1974) Psychophysiology , vol.11 , pp. 265-274
    • Webb, W.B.1    Agnew, H.W.2
  • 56
    • 0030071604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subjective versus objective sleep in Vietnam combat veterans hospitalized in PTSD
    • doi:10.1002/jts.2490090112
    • Woodward, S. H., Bliwise, D. L., Friedman, M. J., & Gusman, D. F. (1996). Subjective versus objective sleep in Vietnam combat veterans hospitalized in PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 9, 137-143. doi: 10.1002/jts.2490090112
    • (1996) Journal of Traumatic Stress , vol.9 , pp. 137-143
    • Woodward, S.H.1    Bliwise, D.L.2    Friedman, M.J.3    Gusman, D.F.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.