Sleeping Sickness Epidemics and Colonial Responses in East and Central Africa, 1900-1940

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2014, Pages

  Headrick, Daniel R ^a  

^a ROOSEVELT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTITRYPANOSOMAL AGENT; ARSANILIC ACID; N ACETYL 2 HYDROXYARSANILATE SODIUM; SURAMIN; TRYPARSAMIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AFRICA; AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; ARTICLE; CENTRAL AFRICA; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; ECOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; EPIDEMIC; EUROPE; FRANCE; GLOSSINIDAE; MICROBIOLOGY; PORTUGAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; TROPICAL DISEASE; TRYPANOSOMA GAMBIENSE; TRYPANOSOMA RHODESIENSE; UGANDA; WAR;

AFRICA, CENTRAL; AFRICA, EASTERN; ANIMALS; COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL; EPIDEMICS; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; TRYPANOSOMIASIS, AFRICAN;

EID: 84901282867     PISSN: 19352727     EISSN: 19352735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002772     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Fèvre EM, (2004) Reanalyzing the 1900-1920 sleeping sickness epidemic in Uganda. Emerg Infect Dis 10: 567-573.
2. Steverding D, (2008) The history of African trypanosomiasis. Parasit Vectors 1: 3.
3. Hide G, (1999) History of sleeping sickness in East Africa. Clin Microbiol Rev 12: 112-125.
4. Bado JP (1996) Médecine coloniale et grandes endémies en Afrique, 1900-1960: lèpre, trypanosomiase humaine et onchocercose. Paris: Editions Karthala. pp. 36-52, 169-173.
5. Ford J (1971) The role of the trypanosomiases in African ecology: A study of the tsetse fly problem. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 66-70, 138-140, 471-477.
6. Scott H (1942) A history of tropical medicine. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins. pp. 454-480, 513-523.
7. Giblin J, (1990) Trypanosomiasis control in African history: An evaded issue? J Afr Hist 31: 59-80.
8. Langlands BW (1967) Sleeping sickness epidemic of Uganda, 1900-1920: a study in historical geography. Kampala (Uganda): Makerere College. pp.1-8.
9. Soff HG, (1969) Sleeping sickness in the Lake Victoria region of British East Africa, 1900-1915. Afr Hist Stud 2: 255-263.
10. MacKenzie JM (1990) Experts and amateurs: tsetse flies, nagana and sleeping sickness in east and central Africa. In: MacKenzie JM, editor. Imperialism and the natural world. Manchester: Manchester University Press. pp. 189-209.
11. Clyde DE (1962) History of the medical services of Tanganyika.Dar es Salaam: Government Press. pp. 28-29, 122-126.
12. Iliffe J (2007) Africans: the history of a continent. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 209-210.
13. Neill DJ (2012) Networks in tropical medicine: internationalism, colonialism, and the rise of a medical specialty, 1890-1930. Stanford: Stanford University Press. pp. 104-105, 111-133, 158-175.
14. Giblin J (1992) The politics of environmental control in northeastern Tanzania, 1840-1940. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 129-131,168-171.
15. De Raadt P (2005) The history of sleeping sickness. Available: http://www.who.int/trypanosomiasis_african/country/history/en/print.html. Accessed 26 March 2014.
16. Wilkinson L, Hardy A (2001) Prevention and cure: The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine: A 20th century quest for global public health. London and New York: Kegan Paul.
17. Iliffe J (1979) A modern history of Tanganyika. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 163-166, 271-272.
18. Lyons M (1992) Colonial disease: a social history of sleeping sickness in northern Zaire, 1900-1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 8-24, 34-35, 64-76, 102-141.
19. Headrick R (1994) Colonialism, health and illness in French Equatorial Africa, 1885-1935. Atlanta: African Studies Association Press. pp. 53-54, 69-93, 223-234, 311-381.
20. Sautter G (1966) De l'Atlantique au fleuve Congo: Une géographie du sous-peuplement. The Hague: Mouton.
21. Jamot E (1920) Etat sanitaire et dépopulation au Congo. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 13. pp. 127-138.
22. Worboys M (1989) British colonial medicine and tropical imperialism: A comparative perspective. In: Van Hateren G M, editor. Dutch medicine in the Malay archipelago. Amsterdam: Rodopi. pp. 153-167.
23. Power HJ (1999) Tropical medicine in the twentieth century: A history of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1898-1990. London and New York: Kegan Paul.
24. Miller PJ (1998) 'Malaria, Liverpool': An illustrated history of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 1898-1989. Liverpool: Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.
25. Ribeiro P (2002) A emergência da medicina tropical em Portugal (1887-1902), doctoral thesis. Lisbon: Universidade Nova de Lisboa.
26. Arnold D (1996) Warm climates and western medicine: the emergence of tropical medicine. Atlanta: Rodopi.
27. Worboys M (1976) The emergence of tropical medicine: a study in the establishment of a scientific specialty. In: Lemaine G, et al., editors. Perspectives on the emergence of scientific disciplines. The Hague: Mouton. pp. 87-91.
28. Tilley H, (2004) Ecologies of complexity: Tropical environments, African trypanosomiasis, and the science of disease control in British colonial Africa, 1900-1940. Osiris 19: 21-38.
29. Tilley H (2011) Africa as a living laboratory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 176-191.
30. Amaral I, (2012) Bacteria or parasite? The controversy over the etiology of sleeping sickness and the Portuguese participation, 1898-1904. Historia, Ciência, Saúde Manguinhos 19: 1275-1300.
31. Worboys M, (1994) The comparative history of sleeping sickness in east and central Africa, 1900-1914. Hist Sci 32: 89-98.
32. Cook G (2007) Tropical medicine: an illustrated history of the pioneers. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 153-154.
33. Cox FEG, (2004) History of sleeping sickness (African tryupanosomiasis). Infect Dis Clin North Am 18: 231-245.
34. Boyd J, (1973) Sleeping sickness: The Castellani-Bruce controversy. Notes Rec R Soc Lond 28: 93-110.
35. Amaral I (2012) A medicina tropical e o império português em África: diálogo entre política, ciência e misticismo (1887-1935). In: Diogo M P, Amaral I, editors. A outra face do império: ciência, tecnologia e medicina (sécs. XIX-XX). Lisbon: Edições Colibri. pp. 134-141.
36. Amaral I, (2008) The emergence of tropical medicine in Portugal: the school of tropical medicine and the colonial hospital of Lisbon (1902-1935). Dynamis 28: 312-318.
37. Ribeiro P (2008) As missões médicas nas colonias portuguesas: Expectivas e repercussões na medicina tropical (1902-1935). In: Diogo M P, Amaral I, editors. A outra face do império: ciência, tecnologia e medicina (sécs. XIX-XX). Lisbon: Edições Colibri. pp.149-161.
38. Fraga de Azevedo J (1974) The human trypanosomiasis in Africa: the contribution of Portugal for its knowledge. In: Fraga de Azevedo J, editor. Recent works on sleeping sickness in Portuguese overseas territories. Lisbon: Junta de Investigações do Ultramar. pp. 574-584.
39. Isobe H (2009) Medizin und Kolonialgesellschaft: Die Bekämpfung der Schlafkrankheit in den deutschen "Schutzgebieten" vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg. Berlin: LIT Verlag.
40. Gradmann C (2009) Laboratory disease: Robert Koch's medical bacteriology, trans. Elborg Forster. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 101-102, 203-223.
41. Eckart WU (1997) Medizin und Kolonialimperialismus: Deutschland 1884-1945. Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh.
42. Beck A, (1971) The role of medicine in German East Africa. Bull Hist Med 42: 170-178.
43. Brock TD (1999) Robert Koch: a life in medicine and bacteriology. Washington: ASM Press. pp. 264.
44. de Raadt P, Jannin J (1999) International cooperation: past and present. In: Dumas M, Bouteille B, Buguet A, editors. Progress in human African sleeping sickness. New York: Springer. pp. 316-319.
45. Brumpt E (1934) Titres et travaux scientifiques. Paris: Masson.
46. Martin G, Leboeuf A, Roubeau E (1909) Rapport de la mission d'études de la maladie du sommeil au Congo français, 1906-8. Paris: Masson et Société de géographie de Paris.
47. McKelvey JJ (1973) Man against tsetse: struggle for Africa. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. pp. 127-153.
48. Körner T, de Raadt P, Maudlin I, (1995) The Uganda sleeping sickness epidemic revisited: A case of mistaken identity? Parasitol Today 11: 303-305.
49. Steverding D, (2010) The development of drugs for treatment of sleeping sickness: a historical review. Parasit Vectors 3: 1-5.
50. Bäumler E (1984) Paul Ehrlich: Scientist for life trans. G Edwards. New York: Holmes and Meier.
51. Karrer P, (1958) Paul Ehrlich. J Chem Educ 35: 392-396.
52. Fourneau E, Théfouël, Vallée J, (1924) Sur une nouvelle série de médicaments trypanocides. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des sciences 178: 675.
53. Pope WJ, (1924) Synthetic therapeutic agents. BMJ 1: 413-414.
54. Fourneau E, Tréfouël J, Tréfouël TB, Vallée J, (1924) Recherches de chimiothérapie dans la série du 205 Bayer: urées des acides aminobenzoylaminonaphtaléniques. Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 38: 81-114.
55. van Nieuwenhove S (1999) Present strategies in the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis. In: Dumas M, Bouteille B, Buguet A, editors. Progress in human African sleeping sickness. New York: Springer. pp. 254-255.
56. Pearce L, Brown WH, (1921) Therapeutic action of N-phenylglycineamide - arsonic acid (tryparsamide) upon experimental infections of Truypanosoma rhodesiensis. J Exp Med 33: 193-200.
57. Hoppe KA (1995) Lords of the flies: British sleeping sickness policies as environmental engineering in the Lake Victoria region, 1900-1950. Boston: African Studies Center, Boston University. pp. 4-16.
58. Kjekshus H (1996) Ecology control and economic development in East African history: the case of Tanganyika, 1850-1950. Athens: Ohio University Press, and London: Curry. pp.167-178.
59. Webel M, (2013) Medical auxiliaries and the negotiation of public health in colonial north-western Tanzania. J Afr Hist 54: 393-416.
60. Austen R (1968) Northwest Tanganyika under German and British rule: colonial policy and tribal politics, 1889-1939. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 196-197.
61. Swynnerton CFM (1936) The tsetse flies of East Africa: A first story of their ecology, with a view to their control. London: The Society.
62. Bado J-P (2011) Eugène Jamot 1879-1937. Le médecin de la maladie du sommeil ou trypanosomiase. Paris: Karthala.
63. Jamot E, (1920) Essai de prophylaxie médicale de la maladie du sommeil dans l'Oubangui-Chari. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 13: 343-375.
64. Lachenal G (2008) Biomédecine et décolonisation au Cameroun, 1944-1994. Lille: Atelier de reproduction des thèses.
65. Jamot E, (1925) La maladie du sommeil au Cameroun. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 18: 762-69.
66. Lapeyssonnie L (1988) Médecine coloniale: mythes et réalités. Paris: Seghers. 179p.
67. Bruto da Costa BF (1913) Sleeping sickness in the island of Principe: sanitation, statistics, hospital services, and work of official conservancy brigade. Wyllie JA, translator. London: Bailliere, Tindall and Cox.
68. Bruto da Costa BF (1939) Vinte e três anos ao serviço do país no combate às doenças - Africa. Lisbon: Depositária Livraria Portugalia. pp. 75-113.
69. Ormsby-Gore W, Church AG, Linfield FC (1925) Report of the East African Commission. London: Royal Society.
70. Mendelsohn JA (1996) Cultures of bacteriology: Formation and transformation of a science in France and Germany, 1870-1914 [PhD dissertation]. Princeton (New Jersey): Princeton University.