A public charity: Religion and social welfare in Indianapolis, 1929-2002

A Public Charity: Religion and Social Welfare in Indianapolis, 1929-2002

Volumn , Issue , 2004, Pages 1-168

  Mapes, Mary L ^a  

^a LAKE FOREST COLLEGE   (United States)

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EID: 84900598386     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (473)

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59. Daniel J. Walkowitz, Working with Class: Social Workers and the Politics of Middle Class Identity (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999): 141.
60. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1937.
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65. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1939.
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69. John J. Butler, "Presidential Address," Proceedings of the Twenty-Second National Conference of Catholic Charities (1936): 21.
70. Joseph LeBlond, "Catholic Charities and Governmental Programs of Child Care, Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth National Conference of Catholic Charities (1938): 42.
71. Brown and McKeown, The Poor Belongto Us.
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73. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1939.
74. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1939.
75. Catholic Charities, "Handbook (n.d.), AAI.
76. Michael J. Doyle, "Practices Employed in the Working Relationship between Catholic Agencies and Public Departments Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth National Conference of Catholic Charities (1939): 103.
77. Council of Social Agencies of Indianapolis, "News Bulletin of the Council of Social Agencies" (May 1942).
78. Research Department of the Indianapolis Council of Social Agencies, "Marion County Direct Relief Study, 1939-1943" (1943).
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81. Joanne Goodwin, Gender and the Politics of Welfare Reform: Mothers' Pensions in Chicago, 1911-1929 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997).
82. "Community Welfare Plan Saves Tax Dollars," 12.
83. "Minutes of the Child Welfare Committee," 24 April 1939, AUWI.
84. Indianapolis Star, 1 January 1940.
85. Maxwell Steward, This Question of Relief (New York: Public Affairs Committee, 1936).
86. Family Service Association of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1957.
87. Indianapolis Star, 7 October 1938.
88. Elaine Tyler May, Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era (New York: Basic Books, 1988) 13.
89. Joanne Meyerowitz, "Beyond the Feminine Mystique: A Reassessment of Popular Mass Culture, 1946-1958," Journal of American History 79 (March 1993): 1455-1482;
90. Eugenia Kaledin, Mothers and More: American Women in the 1950s (Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1981).
91. Mary Jetzer, The Dark Ages: Life in the United States, 1945-1960 (Boston: South End Press, 1982).
92. William O'Neill, American High: The Years of Confidence, 1945-60 (New York: Free Press, 1986).
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95. Gretchen Knapp, "Experimental Social Policymaking during World War II: The United Service Organizations (USO) and American War-Community Services (AWCS), Journal of Policy History 12 (Spring 2000): 21-8.
96. Daniel T. Sheen, "The National Catholic Community Service Program, Catholic Charities Review, March 1941, 8.
97. Letta Irwin Shonle, "The Impact of the War on Group Work Agencies in Indianapolis" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1944).
98. Susan Myers-Shirk, 'To Be Fully Human ': U.S. Protestant Psychotherapeutic Culture and the Subversion of the Domestic Ideal," Journal of Women's History 12 (Spring 2000): 115.
99. Jeffrey M. Burns, American Catholics and the Family Crisis, 1930-1962 (New York: Garland Publishing, 1988) 121.
100. Indianapolis Community Fund, pamphlet (1941), Archives of the United Way of Indianapolis (AUWI).
101. Indianapolis Community Fund, "25th Anniversary Report (1944), AUWI.
102. Family Welfare Society of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1945.
103. Indianapolis Community Fund, "These Are the Facts, n.d., AUWI.
104. Indianapolis Community Fund, "25th Anniversary Report (1944), AUWI.
105. Indianapolis Community Fund, "These Are the Facts.
106. Patricia Bellard, "A Study of Social and Economic Status of a Selected Group of Applicants in Cases Active with the Family Service Association of Indianapolis, August 1, 1949 (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1951):.
107. Catholic Charities of the Diocese of Indianapolis, "Handbook (n.d.), Archives of the Diocese ofIndianapolis (AAI).
108. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1942.
109. Marcel Kovarsky, "Current Purposes and Goals of Jewish Family Agencies, The Jewish Social Service Quarterly 30 (Spring 1954): 282-288.
110. Milfred Arnold, Child Welfare at the Crossroads (U.S. Children s Bureau), Publication no. 27, 1949.
111. Burns, American Catholics, 114.
112. May, Homeward Bound, 7.
113. Burns, American Catholics, 120.
114. Peter Berger, "The Second Children s Crusade: Overemphasis on the Family in Suburbia s Churches Is Basically Subversive ofthe Christian Mission, The Christian Century, December 2, 1959, 199-1400.
115. Family Service Association of Indianapolis, Handbook for Members (Indianapolis: Family Service Association of Indianapolis, 1952) 80.
116. Daniel J. Walkowitz, Working with Class: Social Workers and the Politics of Middle-Class Identity (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999) 201.
117. Ruby Little, "History of the Family Service Association of Indianapolis, Indiana, 1835-1950" (M.A. thesis, University of Chicago, 1951), 123.
118. Family Welfare Society, Annual Report, 1945.
119. Shonle, "The Impact of the War," 81.
120. Indianapolis Star, 1 January 1956.
121. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1948.
122. Kovarsky, "Current Purposes and Goals of Jewish Family Agencies, 287.
123. Burns, American Catholics, 100.
124. Burns, American Catholics, 251.
125. Family Life Clinic: Report of the Study Committee (Indianapolis: Church Federation of Indianapolis, 1958).
126. Little, "History of the Family Service Association," 121.
127. Family Service Association of Indianapolis, Handbook for Members, 73.
128. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Re-port, 1948.
129. Indianapolis Star, 1 January 1956.
130. Indianapolis News, 25 March 1949.
131. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1948.
132. Kovarsky, "Current Purposes and Goals of Jewish Family Agencies, 28.
133. Burns, American Catholics, 222, 264.
134. Myers-Shirk, "To Be Fully Human.
135. Family Service Association of Indianapolis, Handbook for Members, 60-61;
136. Indianapolis Times, 2 September 1951.
137. George Thorman, "Marriage Counseling and Social Casework" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1951), 7.
138. Indianapolis Star, 24 February 1952.
139. Florence Hollis, Women in Marital Conflict: A Casework Study (New York: Family Service Association of New York, 1949) 86.
140. Thorman, "Marriage Counseling and Social Casework," 8.
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143. Walter Imbiorski, ed., "The Pre-Cana Conference," New Cana Manual 79, cited in Burns, American Catholics, 227.
144. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1948.
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146. Marcella Lucille DeVoe et al., "Homemaking Service in the Family Service Association of Indianapolis, January 1, 1952-December 31, 1952" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1953), 20.
147. Little, "History of the Family Service Association," 127.
148. DeVoe, "Homemaking Services, 1.
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150. Evelyn Dunbar, "The Employment Experience of Thirty-Five White Mothers Receiving Aid to Dependent Children in Marion County and Its Effects on Their Families during the War and the Post-war Period (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1949), 42.
151. Naomi J. Thomas, "The Employment Experience of Forty Negro Mothers Receiving Aid to Dependent Children in Marion County and Its Effects on Their Families during the War and Post-war Period (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1948), 29.
152. Dunbar, "The Employment Experience, 45-46.
153. Indianapolis News, 22 February 1952.
154. Indianapolis Star, 25 September 1961.
155. Indianapolis Star, 20 January 1956.
156. Indianapolis Star, 10 October 1955.
157. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1956.
158. Walkowitz, Working with Class, 204.
159. Richard A. Cloward and Irwin Epstein, "Private Social Welfare s Disengagement from the Poor: The Case of Family Adjustment Agencies," in George A. Brager and Francis P. Purcell, eds., Community Action against Poverty: Readings From the Mobilization Experience (New Haven, Conn.: College and University Press, 1967), 50-51.
160. Myra L. Brenneman et al., "Brief Service Cases in the Family Service Association of Indianapolis, January 1, 1952-June 30, 1952" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 195), 24-26.
161. Doris Harpole Hosmer, "Evaluation of Case Results: A Study of the Evaluation Process in 100 Service Only Cases in the Family Welfare Society of Indianapolis" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1942).
162. Brenneman, "Brief Service Cases," 110.
163. Jacqueline Berns, "A Study of a Selected Group of Patients Served by Marion County Children' s Guidance Committee" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1958), 77.
164. Henry S. Mahs, "Sociocultural Factors in Psychiatric Clinic Services for Children, Smith College Studies in Social Work 25 (February 1955): 6.
165. Cloward and Epstein, "Private Social Welfare s Disengagement from the Poor, 41.
166. Dorothy Fahs Beck, Patterns in the Use o fFamily Service Agencies (New York: FSA of America, 1962), 26, 31.
167. Cloward and Epstein, "Private Social Welfare s Disengagement from thePoor, 48.
168. Weltha Kelly, "Survey ofthe Catholic Charities Bureau of Indianapolis (1935), Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis.
169. Agencies Caring for Unwed Mothers, Child Welfare Committee, 17 January 1938, AUWI.
170. Betty Ann Adney, "A Study of Case Records of 108 Babies Born to Patients of Suemma Coleman Home in Selected Years 1910 to 1946" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1947), 52.
171. Rickie Solinger, Wake Up Little Susie: Single Pregnancy and Race before Roe v. Wade (New York: Routledge, 1992).
172. Regina Kunzel, Fallen Women, Problem Girls: Unmarried Mothers and the Professionalization of Social Work, 1890-1945 (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 199).
173. Indianapolis Star, 10 October 1955.
174. Indianapolis News, 24 February 1961.
175. Indianapolis Times, 12 May 1955.
176. Indianapolis News, 21 February 1961.
177. Indianapolis Times, 11 May 1955.
178. Indianapolis Times, 11 May 1955.
179. Adney, "A Study of Case Records," 22.
180. Indianapolis Star, 10 May 1955.
181. Indianapolis News, 23 February 1961.
182. Indianapolis Times, 13 May 1955.
183. Indianapolis Times, 13 May 1955.
184. Indianapolis News, 23 February 1961.
185. Adney, "A Study of Case Records," 54.
186. Indianapolis News, 23 February 1961.
187. Indianapolis Star, 10 October 1955.
188. Church Federation of Indianapolis, "Federation News: An Annual Re-port, 1949.
189. Catholic Charities Bureau of the Diocese of Indianapolis, Annual Report, 1952.
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192. Community Surveys Inc., "Child Welfare Needs and Services in Indianapolis and Marion County, August 1947, 22.
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194. Gordon Lionel Jacobs, "Non-participation in the Food Stamp Plan: A Study of Reasons for Non-participation in the Food Stamp Plan of Fifty Whites and Fifty Negro Aid to Dependent Children Recipients Living in Center Township, Marion County, Indiana (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1942), 1.
195. Leong, "The Application Process," 80.
196. Leong, "The Application Process," 79-80.
197. Indianapolis Recorder, 10 July 1965;
198. Indianapolis Star, July 2, 1965.
199. Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward, Regulating the Poor: The Functions of Public Welfare (New York: Pantheon Books, 1971).
200. Daniel P. Moynihan, Maximum Feasible Misunderstanding: Community Action in the War on Poverty (New York: Free Press, 1969).
201. Michael Katz, The Undeserving Poor: From the War on Povertyto the War on Welfare (New York: Pantheon, 1989).
202. Jill Quad-agno, The Color of Welfare: How Racism Undermined the War on Poverty (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994).
203. Nancy A. Naples, Grassroots Warriors: Activist Mothering, Community Work, and the War on Poverty (New York: Routledge, 1998).
204. Richard Pierce, "Beneath the Surface: African-American Community Life in Indianapolis, 1945-1970" (Ph.D. dissertation, Indiana University, 1996).
205. Katz, The Undeserving Poor.
206. David J. Garrow, Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (New York: Morrow Press, 1986).
207. Adam Fairclough, "The Preachers and the People: The Origins and Early Years of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, 1955-1959," The Journal of Southern History 52 (August 1986): 403-440;
208. William M. King, "The Reemerging Revolutionary Consciousness of the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., 1965-1968," The Journal of Negro History 71 (Winter 1986): 1-22.
209. Ralph M. Kramer, Participation of the Poor: Comparative Community Case Studies in the War on Poverty (Englewood, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1969).
210. Indianapolis Times, 1 April 1965.
211. Quadagno, The Color of Welfare, 52-59.
212. Indianapolis Star, 4 April 1965.
213. Christian Inner City Association pamphlet, 8 December 1965. Folder 35, Box 127, Indianapolis Urban League Papers (IULP), Indiana Historical Society.
214. Christian Inner City Association, "Statement on Anti-Poverty Program," 17 July 1965, Folder 35, Box 127, IULP.
215. "Archdiocesan and Diocesan Programs under Equal Opportunity Act through June 30, 1967," Folder-National Catholic Coordinating Committee, Box 174, Collection #76, Archives of the Catholic University of America (ACUA).
216. Philadelphia Gazette, 10 January 1967.
217. "Archdiocesan and Diocesan Programs under Equal Opportunity Act through June 30, 1967," Folder-National Catholic Coordinating Committee, Box 174, Collection #76, ACUA.
218. Quadango, The Color of Welfare.
219. Indianapolis Times, 1 April 1965.
220. Indianapolis Recorder, 10 April 1965.
221. Indianapolis Recorder, 4 April 1965.
222. Indianapolis Recorder, 10 April 1965.
223. Indianapolis Times, 4 April 1965.
224. Indianapolis Recorder, 24 April 1965.
225. Indianapolis Recorder, 6 July 1965.
226. Indianapolis Star, 17 May 1967.
227. Indianapolis Recorder, 17 July 1965.
228. Interreligious Committee Against Poverty (ICCA), "Testifying on the Equal Opportunity Amendments of 1967 (HR 8311)," Collection #76, ACUA.
229. Indianapolis Star, 4 April 1965.
230. Indianapolis Times, 11 April 1965.
231. Indianapolis Star, 4 April 1965.
232. Indianapolis Times, 4 April 1965.
233. Christian Inner City Association, Pamphlet, July 1965, Folder 5, Box127, IULP.
234. Indianapolis Times, 11 April 1965.
235. Indianapolis Times, 22 April 1965.
236. Indianapolis Times, 1 May 1965.
237. Katz, The Undeserving Poor, 100.
238. Indianapolis Star, 21 January 1968.
239. Indianapolis Recorder, 25 December 1965.
240. Indianapolis Star, 22 December 1965.
241. Indianapolis Star, 30 September 1970.
242. Indianapolis and Administration, 29 April 1966, Folder-Indianapolis, 1965-66, NA.
243. Naples, Grassroots Warriors;
244. Anne M. Valk, '"Mother Power: The Movement for Welfare Rights in Washington D.C., 1966-1972," Journal of Women s History 11 (2000): 4-58.
245. Indianapolis Times, 13 July 1958.
246. Official Report of the Indiana Welfare Investigation Committee (1944), 5-7.
247. Linda Gordon, Pitied but Not Entitled: Single Mothers and the History of Welfare, 1890-1935 (New York: The Free Press, 1994).
248. Indianapolis Times, 29 November 1961.
249. Indianapolis Times, 22 February 1961.
250. Indianapolis Star, 22 September 1961.
251. Catholic Social Services, 1966 Agency Evaluation. AAI.
252. Indianapolis Times, 5 August 1961.
253. Criterion, 14 January 1972.
254. Catholic Social Services, 1966 Agency Evaluation. AAI.
255. Indianapolis News, 22 September 1967.
256. Indianapolis Star, 22 June 1967.
257. John Daum to Ted Jarvis, memo, Indianapolis Sign-Off, n.d., Folder-Indianapolis, 1965-1966, Record Groups 381, NA.
258. Indianapolis Recorder, 7 May 1966.
259. Indianapolis Star, 14 April 1966.
260. Indianapolis Star, 17 August 1967.
261. Indianapolis Recorder, 30 March 1968.
262. Indianapolis News, 7 December 1965.
263. Indianapolis Recorder, 30 March 1968.
264. Indianapolis Star, 26 November 1967.
265. Indianapolis Recorder, 4 November 1967.
266. Indianapolis Star, 26 November 1967.
267. Indianapolis Recorder, 4 November 1967.
268. Indianapolis Star, 13 August 1967.
269. Indianapolis Recorder, 24 February 1968.
270. Indianapolis Star, 13 August 1967.
271. Indianapolis Recorder, 9 March 1968.
272. Indianapolis Recorder, 3 August 1968.
273. Indianapolis Star, 7 May 1968.
274. Indianapolis News, 27 October 1969.
275. Indianapolis News, 21 November 1968.
276. Indianapolis Star, 13 September 1970.
277. Indianapolis News, 27 October 1969.
278. Indianapolis Star, 13 September 1970.
279. Indianapolis Star, 13 August 1967.
280. Indianapolis News, 4 October 1972.
281. Thomas J. Sugrue in The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996).
282. Etan Diamond, Souls of the City: Religion and the Search for Community in Postwar America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003).
283. Indianapolis Times, 7 November 1964.
284. Diamond, Souls of the City, chapter 2.
285. John McGreevy, Parish Boundaries: The Catholic Encounter with Race in the Twentieth-Century Urban North (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996).
286. Gerald Gamm, Urban Exodus: Why the Jews Left Boston and the Catholics Stayed (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999).
287. Indianapolis Times, 25 July 1961.
288. Steven Rathgeb Smith and Michael Lipsky, Nonprofits for Hire: The Welfare State in the Age of Contracting (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993).
289. Lester Salamon, Partners in Public Service: Government-Nonprofit Relations in the Modern Welfare State (Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995).
290. Walter W. Powell and Elisabeth Clemens, eds., Private Action and Public Good (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1998).
291. Diamond, Souls of the City, 96.
292. Patricia Mooney Melvin, "Changing Contexts: Neighborhood Definition and Urban Organization," American Quarterly 37 (1985): 357-367.
293. Community Service Council of Metropolitan Indianapolis, "South-Central Area Analysis" (Indianapolis, 1961).
294. Indianapolis Council of Social Agencies, "Leisure Time Services: Indianapolis near Northeast Area" (1947).
295. Clifford Green, ed., Churches, Cities, and Human Community: Urban Ministry in the United States, 1945-1985 (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1996).
296. "Inner City Task Force" (1963), Folder 7, Box 42. The Church Federation of Greater Indianapolis, Indiana Historical Society (CFGI).
297. Minutes, Inner City Task Force, 3 December 1965, Folder 9, Box 42, CFGI.
298. Edwin Becker, From Sovereign to Servant: The Church Federation of Greater Indianapolis (Indianapolis: Church Federation of Greater Indianapolis, 1987) 99.
299. "Agenda Elements," Inner City Task Force (11 January 1966), Folder 9, Box 42, CFGI.
300. "A Review of Some Questions," 24 September 1968, Folder 12, Box 42, CFGI.
301. Minutes, Inner City Unit, 27 December 1966, Folder 9, Box 42, CFGI.
302. Jason Lantzer, "Tradition, Transition, Turmoil, and Triumph: Indianapolis Episcopalians Confront the 1960s and 1970s" (M.A. thesis, Indiana University, 1999), 12.
303. Norman Faramelli, Edward Rodman, and Anne Scheibner, "Seeking to Hear and to Heed in the Cities: Urban Ministry in the Postwar Episcopal Church," in Green, ed., Churches, Cities, and Human Community, 104-105.
304. Indianapolis Star, 30 April 1960.
305. Indianapolis News, 27 January 1969.
306. Faramelli, Rodman, and Scheibner, "Seeking to Hear and Heed, 119.
307. Indianapolis News, 19 February 1966.
308. Becker, From Sovereign to Servant, 12.
309. "Indianapolis-FPCC" (1965), Methodist Church Records, DePauw University.
310. Indianapolis News, 8 May 1964.
311. Together/News Edition (April 1964).
312. "Indianapolis-FPCC (1965), Methodist Church Records, DePauw University.
313. Indianapolis Star, 22 August 1971.
314. "Indianapolis-FPCC (1965), Methodist Church Records, DePauw University.
315. Indianapolis Star, 22 August 1971.
316. Community Service Council of Metropolitan Indianapolis, "North-Central Section Area Analysis (Indianapolis, 1961).
317. "A Study of Mayer Chapel Neighborhood Services, Community ServiceCouncil, May 1962, AUWI.
318. "A Study of Catholic Social Services and St. Elizabeth s Home, National Conference of Catholic Charities (1966), AAI.
319. Indianapolis Star, 0 January 1970.
320. Jeffrey K. Hadden, The Gathering Storm in the Churches (New York: Doubleday & Co., 1969).
321. Indianapolis News, 25 May 1967.
322. Indianapolis News, 24 June 1965.
323. Indianapolis News, October 1972.
324. Carol Smith Rosenberg, Religion and the Rise of the American City: The New York City Mission Movement, 1812-1870 (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1971).
325. Mary Mapes, "Visions of a Christian City: The Politics of Religion and Gender in Chicago s City Missions and Protestant Settlement Houses (Ph.D. dissertation, Michigan State University, 1998).
326. Diane Winston, Red Hot and Righteous: The Urban Religion of the Salvation Army (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999).
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341. Smith and Lipsky, Nonprofits for Hire, 55.
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372. Eyal Press, "Lead Us Not into Temptation," The American Prospect 12 (9 April 2001).
373. Indianapolis Star, 29 January 2001.
374. George W. Bush, quoted in Byron R. Johnson, "Assessing the Effectiveness of Faith-Based Organizations: A Review of the Literature," transcript of the 200 Annual Research Conference Breakfast Session, the Roundtable on Religion and Social Welfare Policy. Center of Religious Research and Urban Civil Society, http://www.religionandsocialpolicy.org.
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386. Thomas Harvey, "Government Promotion of Faith-Based Solutions to Social Problems: Partisan or Prophetic?" Nonprofit Sector Research Fund, The Aspen Institute Working Paper Series (July 1997).
387. Ingrid Ritchie and Sheila Suess Kennedy, eds., To Market, To Market: Reinventing India-napolis (New York: University Press of America, 2001).
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393. Sheila Suess Kennedy, "Governing a City: Thirty-Two Years, in Ritchie and Kennedy, eds., To Market, to Market, 75.
394. Stephen Goldsmith, quoted in Jack Miller, "Privatization in Indianapolis: Problems, Proximity Issues, and Oscar Robertson Smoot, in Ritchie and Kennedy, eds., To Market, to Market, 350.
395. Dannin, "To Market, To Market: Caveat Emptor," 11.
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407. New York Times, 24 April 2001.
408. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 75.
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410. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 109.
411. New York Times, 12 April 2002.
412. Thomas Harvey, "Government Promotion of Faith-Based Solutions.
413. Dorothy Brown and Elizabeth McKeown, The Poor Belong to Us: Catholic Charities and American Welfare (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998) 194.
414. Chicago Tribune, 1 February 2001.
415. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 109-112.
416. James Payne, quoted in Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 116.
417. Hulse, "Empowering Neighborhoods, 215.
418. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 9.
419. Farnsley, Rising Expectations, 1.
420. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 91.
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422. Robert Cole, "Fresh Currents: The Front Porch Alliance," Religion and Community: A Newsletter of the Project on Religion and Urban Culture 4, no. 5 (Fall 2000): 5.
423. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 16 and 79.
424. Lamont Hulse, quoted in Cole, "Fresh Currents," 5.
425. Hulse, "Empowering Neighborhoods," 220.
426. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 81.
427. Department of Health and Human Services, "HHS Announces Availability of Funds to Assist Faith-Based and Community Organizations," press release, 19 June 2002.
428. Boston Globe, 21 July 2002.
429. Washington Times, 18 April 2002.
430. The New Republic 4, no. 493 (26 February 2001).
431. HUD statement, "Martinez Seeks to End Faith-Based Discrimination in HUD Programs," 15 March 2002.
432. Smith and Lipsky, Nonprofits for Hire, 133.
433. The Polis Center, "Indiana Congregations Human Services Program: A Report of a Statewide Survey," 1 February 2001, 3-5.
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435. Sheila Suess Kennedy and Wolfgang Bielefeld, eds., "Charitable Choice: Results from Three States-Interim Report on the Implementation of Charitable Choice in Three States, Center for Urban Policy and the Environment, Indiana University, 47.
436. Farnsley, Rising Expectations, 4.
437. Hulse, "Empowering Neighborhoods, 222.
438. Mark Chavez et al., "The National Congregations Study: Background, Methods, and Selected Results," Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 38 (1999): 458-476.
439. Slutz, "Congregations and Charitable Choice," 2.
440. Indiana Family and Social Services Administration, "Faith Works Indiana: Indiana s Initiative to Support Faith-Based Organizations in Providing Services to Hoosier Families in Needs, (Indiana Family and Social Services Administration, 2000).
441. The Polis Center, "Indiana Congregations' Human Services Program," 11.
442. Farnsley, Rising Expectations, 6.
443. Polis Center, "Indiana Congregations Human Services Program, 7.
444. Farnsley, Rising Expectations.
445. Hulse, "Empowering Neighborhoods, 221.
446. Lamont J. Hulse, "Targeting Neighborhoods, in Ritchie and Kennedy, eds., To Market, to Market, 195.
447. Cole, "Fresh Currents, 5.
448. The Post-Tribune, Gary, Indiana, 0 January 2001.
449. Cole, "Fresh Currents, 5.
450. Farnsley, Rising Expectations, 70-71.
451. Paul Wellstone, "America s Disappeared, The Nation 269 (12 July 1999).
452. David J. Fein et al., "The Indiana Welfare Reform Evaluation: Program Implementation and Economic Impacts after Two Years, November 1998, Prepared for Division of Family and Children, Family and Social Services Administration, by Abt. Associates Inc. and the Urban Institute.
453. Jim Hmurovich, comments made at the Indiana Catholic Conference: Partnering for Self-Sufficiency, 28 September 1999.
454. "Poverty Amid Plenty: The Unfinished Business of Welfare Reform," Network: A National Catholic Social Justice Lobby( 1999).
455. Washington Post, 24 July 1999.
456. Kennedy and Bielefeld, eds., "Charitable Choice: Results from Three States, 50.
457. General Accounting Office (GAO), "Welfare Reform: Interim Report on Potential Ways to Strengthen Federal Oversight of State and Local Contracting," http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02245.pdf.
458. Bill Berkowitz, "Prospecting among the Poor: Welfare Privatization," Applied Research Center, 2001.
459. Goldsmith, Putting Faith in Neighborhoods, 57.
460. Berkowitz, "Prospecting among the Poor, 6.
461. Rick Melita, "Prospecting among the Poor, 7.
462. Berkowitz, "Prospecting among the Poor, 8.
463. Linda Garcia, "Prospecting among the Poor, 9.
464. Berkowitz, "Prospecting among the Poor, 8.
465. Chicago Tribune, 0 September 200.
466. The Washington Post, 24 July 1999.
467. Sheila Suess Kennedy, "Accountability: The Achilles Heel, in Ritchie and Kennedy, eds., To Market, to Market, 142-145.
468. Leslie Lenkowsky, "Funding the Faithful: Why Bush Is Right, Com-mentary Magazine 111, no. 6 (June 2001).
469. Press, "Lead Us Not into Temptation.
470. David Grann, "Where W. Got Compassion, The New York Times Magazine, 12 September 1999.
471. Press, "Lead Us Not into Temptation.
472. Los Angeles Times, 4 April 2001.
473. Grann, "Where W. Got Compassion.