메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 354-362

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process development: Steps from fundamentals to industrial practices

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATALYSTS; DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY; OPTIMIZATION;

EID: 84899915302     PISSN: None     EISSN: 22113398     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2013.05.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (31)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 46049103777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Important roles of Fischer-Trospch synfuels in the global energy future
    • Takeshita T, Yamaji K: Important roles of Fischer-Trospch synfuels in the global energy future. Energy Policy 2008, 36:2773-2784.
    • (2008) Energy Policy , vol.36 , pp. 2773-2784
    • Takeshita, T.1    Yamaji, K.2
  • 2
    • 0037079618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Fischer-Tropsch process: 1950-2000
    • DOI 10.1016/S0920-5861(01)00453-9, PII S0920586101004539
    • Dry ME: The Fischer-Tropsch process: 1950-2000. Catal Today 2002, 71:227-241. (Pubitemid 34141274)
    • (2002) Catalysis Today , vol.71 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 227-241
    • Dry, M.E.1
  • 3
    • 0033523745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short history and present trends of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • PII S0926860X9900160X
    • Schulz H: Short history and present trends of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Appl Catal A: Gen 1999, 186:3-12. (Pubitemid 129532948)
    • (1999) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 3-12
    • Schulz, H.1
  • 5
    • 71849083979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coal liquefaction technologies - Development in China and challenges in chemical reaction engineering
    • Liu Z, Shi S, Li Y-W: Coal liquefaction technologies - development in China and challenges in chemical reaction engineering. Chem Eng Sci 2010, 65:12-17.
    • (2010) Chem Eng Sci , vol.65 , pp. 12-17
    • Liu, Z.1    Shi, S.2    Li, Y.-W.3
  • 8
    • 56549094605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The renaissance of iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: On the multifaceted catalyst deactivation behaviour
    • de Smit E, Weckhuysen BM: The renaissance of iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis: on the multifaceted catalyst deactivation behaviour. Chem Soc Rev 2008, 37:2758-2781.
    • (2008) Chem Soc Rev , vol.37 , pp. 2758-2781
    • De Smit, E.1    Weckhuysen, B.M.2
  • 10
    • 0000446918 scopus 로고
    • Carburization of supported iron synthesis catalysts
    • Amelse JA, Butt JB, Schwartz LH: Carburization of supported iron synthesis catalysts. J Phys Chem 1978, 82:558-563.
    • (1978) J Phys Chem , vol.82 , pp. 558-563
    • Amelse, J.A.1    Butt, J.B.2    Schwartz, L.H.3
  • 12
    • 55649115532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coadsorption of CO and H on Fe(1 0 0)
    • van Helden P, van Steen E: Coadsorption of CO and H on Fe(1 0 0). J Phys Chem C 2008, 112:16505-16513.
    • (2008) J Phys Chem C , vol.112 , pp. 16505-16513
    • Van Helden, P.1    Van Steen, E.2
  • 13
    • 15244339172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A DFT study of the adsorption and dissociation of CO on Fe(100): Influence of surface coverage on the nature of accessible adsorption states
    • DOI 10.1002/cphc.200400452
    • Bromfield TC, Ferre DC, Niemantsverdriet JW: A DFT study of the adsorption and dissociation of CO on Fe(1 0 0): influence of surface coverage on the nature of accessible adsorption states. ChemPhysChem 2005, 6:254-260. (Pubitemid 40385071)
    • (2005) ChemPhysChem , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 254-260
    • Bromfield, T.C.1    Ferre, D.C.2    Niemantsverdriet, J.W.3
  • 14
    • 0001421454 scopus 로고
    • Zur Frage der Geschwindigkeit des Wachstums und der Auflö sung der Krystallflachen
    • Wulff G: Zur Frage der Geschwindigkeit des Wachstums und der Auflö sung der Krystallflachen. Z Krystallogr Mineral 1901, 34:449-530.
    • (1901) Z Krystallogr Mineral , vol.34 , pp. 449-530
    • Wulff, G.1
  • 16
    • 80051580143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chain growth mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on Fe5C2(0 0 1)
    • Cao D-B, Li Y-W, Wang J, Jiao H: Chain growth mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on Fe5C2(0 0 1). J Mol Catal A: Chem 2011, 346:55-69.
    • (2011) J Mol Catal A: Chem , vol.346 , pp. 55-69
    • Cao, D.-B.1    Li, Y.-W.2    Wang, J.3    Jiao, H.4
  • 17
    • 42449092091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adsorption and dissociation of CO as well as CHx coupling and hydrogenation on the clean and oxygen pre-covered Co(0 0 0 1) surfaces
    • Huo CF, Li YW, Wang JG, Jiao HJ: Adsorption and dissociation of CO as well as CHx coupling and hydrogenation on the clean and oxygen pre-covered Co(0 0 0 1) surfaces. J Phys Chem C 2008, 112:3840-3848.
    • (2008) J Phys Chem C , vol.112 , pp. 3840-3848
    • Huo, C.F.1    Li, Y.W.2    Wang, J.G.3    Jiao, H.J.4
  • 18
    • 79960908334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of potassium promoter: Enhancing the stability of active surfaces
    • Huo CF, Wu BS, Gao P, Yang Y, Li YW, Jiao HJ: The mechanism of potassium promoter: enhancing the stability of active surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed 2011, 50:7403-7406.
    • (2011) Angew Chem Int Ed , vol.50 , pp. 7403-7406
    • Huo, C.F.1    Wu, B.S.2    Gao, P.3    Yang, Y.4    Li, Y.W.5    Jiao, H.J.6
  • 19
    • 70350072316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insight into CH4 formation in iron-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • Huo CF, Li YW, Wang JG, Jiao HJ: Insight into CH4 formation in iron-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2009, 131:14713-14721.
    • (2009) J Am Chem Soc , vol.131 , pp. 14713-14721
    • Huo, C.F.1    Li, Y.W.2    Wang, J.G.3    Jiao, H.J.4
  • 21
    • 0036141751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High quality diesel via the Fischer-Tropsch process - A review
    • Dry ME: High quality diesel via the Fischer-Tropsch process - a review. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 2001, 77:43-50.
    • (2001) J Chem Technol Biotechnol , vol.77 , pp. 43-50
    • Dry, M.E.1
  • 22
    • 84867246260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in understanding the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction
    • Glasser D, Hildebrandt D, Liu X, Lu X, Masuku CM: Recent advances in understanding the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2012, 1:296-302.
    • (2012) Curr Opin Chem Eng , vol.1 , pp. 296-302
    • Glasser, D.1    Hildebrandt, D.2    Liu, X.3    Lu, X.4    Masuku, C.M.5
  • 23
    • 0000432078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon synthesis via Fischer-Tropsch reaction: Travails and triumphs
    • DOI 10.1016/0926-860X(95)00307-X
    • Adesina AA: Hydrocarbon synthesis via Fischer-Tropsch reaction: travails and triumphs. Appl Catal A: Gen 1996, 138:345-367. (Pubitemid 126368966)
    • (1996) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.138 , Issue.2 , pp. 345-367
    • Adesina, A.A.1
  • 24
    • 0001099464 scopus 로고
    • A comprehensive mechanism for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • Rofer-DePoorter CK: A comprehensive mechanism for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Chem Rev 1981, 81:447-474.
    • (1981) Chem Rev , vol.81 , pp. 447-474
    • Rofer-Depoorter, C.K.1
  • 26
    • 0003123579 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for two chain growth probabilities on iron catalysts in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • Huff GA, Satterfield CN: Evidence for two chain growth probabilities on iron catalysts in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. J Catal 1984, 85:370-379.
    • (1984) J Catal , vol.85 , pp. 370-379
    • Huff, G.A.1    Satterfield, C.N.2
  • 27
    • 0024107772 scopus 로고
    • Analysis and prediction of product distributions of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • Donnelly TJ, Yates IC, Satterfield CN: Analysis and prediction of product distributions of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Energy Fuels 1988, 2:734-739.
    • (1988) Energy Fuels , vol.2 , pp. 734-739
    • Donnelly, T.J.1    Yates, I.C.2    Satterfield, C.N.3
  • 28
    • 0000893899 scopus 로고
    • Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over reduced and unreduced iron-oxide catalysts
    • Dictor RA, Bell AT: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over reduced and unreduced iron-oxide catalysts. J Catal 1986, 97:121-136.
    • (1986) J Catal , vol.97 , pp. 121-136
    • Dictor, R.A.1    Bell, A.T.2
  • 29
    • 44949279051 scopus 로고
    • Transport-enhanced alphaolefin readsorption pathways in Ru-catalyzed hydrocarbon synthesis
    • Iglesia E, Reyes SC, Madon RJ: Transport-enhanced alphaolefin readsorption pathways in Ru-catalyzed hydrocarbon synthesis. J Catal 1991, 129:238-256.
    • (1991) J Catal , vol.129 , pp. 238-256
    • Iglesia, E.1    Reyes, S.C.2    Madon, R.J.3
  • 30
    • 0039698159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on product distributions of iron and cobalt catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • PII S0926860X99001672
    • Patzlaff J, Liu Y, Graffmann C, Gaube J: Studies on product distributions of iron and cobalt catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Appl Catal A: Gen 1999, 186:109-119. (Pubitemid 129532955)
    • (1999) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 109-119
    • Patzlaff, J.1    Liu, Y.2    Graffmann, C.3    Gaube, J.4
  • 31
    • 34250182795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proposal of a new product characterization model for the iron-based low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • DOI 10.1021/ef060483d
    • Botes FG: Proposal of a new product characterization model for the iron-based low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Energy Fuels 2007, 21:1379-1389. (Pubitemid 46929353)
    • (2007) Energy and Fuels , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 1379-1389
    • Botes, F.G.1
  • 32
    • 0000439479 scopus 로고
    • Chain-length dependence of alpha-olefin readsorption in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • Kuipers EW, Vinkenburg IH, Oosterbeek H: Chain-length dependence of alpha-olefin readsorption in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. J Catal 1995, 152:137-146.
    • (1995) J Catal , vol.152 , pp. 137-146
    • Kuipers, E.W.1    Vinkenburg, I.H.2    Oosterbeek, H.3
  • 33
    • 0033523740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetic modelling of Fischer-Tropsch product distributions
    • PII S0926860X99001660
    • Schulz H, Claeys M: Kinetic modelling of Fischer-Tropsch product distributions. Appl Catal A: Gen 1999, 186:91-107. (Pubitemid 129532954)
    • (1999) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 91-107
    • Schulz, H.1    Claeys, M.2
  • 34
    • 0033523750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactions of α-olefins of different chain length added during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on a cobalt catalyst in a slurry reactor
    • PII S0926860X99001659
    • Schulz H, Claeys M: Reactions of a-olefins of different chain length added during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on a cobalt catalyst in a slurry reactor. Appl Catal A: Gen 1999, 186:71-90. (Pubitemid 129532953)
    • (1999) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 71-90
    • Schulz, H.1    Claeys, M.2
  • 35
    • 0026870272 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic model of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis selectivity in the slurry phase
    • DOI 10.1016/0009-2509(92)87117-9
    • Zimmerman W, Bukur DB, Ledakowicz S: Kinetics model of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis selectivity in the slurry phase. Chem Eng Sci 1992, 47:2707-2712. (Pubitemid 23603873)
    • (1992) Chemical Engineering Science , vol.47 , Issue.9-11 , pp. 2707-2712
    • Zimmerman, W.1    Bukur, D.2    Ledakowicz, S.3
  • 36
    • 0027144140 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction on a precipitated promoted iron catalyst 2. Kinetic modeling
    • Lox ES, Froment GF: Kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction on a precipitated promoted iron catalyst. 2. Kinetic modeling. Ind Eng Chem Res 1993, 32:71-82.
    • (1993) Ind Eng Chem Res , vol.32 , pp. 71-82
    • Lox, E.S.1    Froment, G.F.2
  • 37
    • 0032641488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation for gas-liquid equilibrium prediction in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
    • Wang Y-N, Li Y-W, Bai L, Zhao Y-L, Zhang B-J: Correlation for gas-liquid equilibrium prediction in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Fuel 1999:911-917.
    • (1999) Fuel , pp. 911-917
    • Wang, Y.-N.1    Li, Y.-W.2    Bai, L.3    Zhao, Y.-L.4    Zhang, B.-J.5
  • 40
    • 33746237578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isothermal Kinetics Modelling of the Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over the Spray-Dried Fe-Cu-K Catalyst
    • DOI 10.1016/S1003-9953(06)60016-9, PII S1003995306600169
    • Guo X, Liu Y, Chang J, Bai L, Xu YY, Xiang HW, Li YW: Isothermal kinetics modelling of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over the spray-dried Fe-Cu-K catalyst. J Nat Gas Chem 2006, 15:105-114. (Pubitemid 44089188)
    • (2006) Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-114
    • Guo, X.1    Liu, Y.2    Chang, J.3    Bai, L.4    Xu, Y.5    Xiang, H.6    Li, Y.7
  • 41
    • 34547936494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 catalyst in slurry phase reactor
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ces.2006.12.031, PII S0009250906008219
    • Chang J, Bai L, Teng B, Zhang R, Yang J, Xu Y, Xiang H, Li Y: Kinetic modeling of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over Fe-Cu-K-SiO2 catalyst in slurry phase reactor. Chem Eng Sci 2007, 62:4983-4991. (Pubitemid 47268339)
    • (2007) Chemical Engineering Science , vol.62 , Issue.18-20 SPEC. ISSUE. , pp. 4983-4991
    • Chang, J.1    Bai, L.2    Teng, B.3    Zhang, R.4    Yang, J.5    Xu, Y.6    Xiang, H.7    Li, Y.8
  • 42
    • 0035877250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of reaction conditions on the product distribution during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over an industrial Fe-Mn catalyst
    • Ji Y-Y, Xiang H-W: Effect of reaction conditions on the product distribution during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over an industrial Fe-Mn catalyst. Appl Catal A: Gen 2001, 214.
    • (2001) Appl Catal A: Gen , pp. 214
    • Ji, Y.-Y.1    Xiang, H.-W.2
  • 45
    • 13944261283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygenate kinetics in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over an industrial Fe-Mn catalyst
    • Teng B-T, Zhang C-H, Yang J, Cao D-B, Chang J, Xiang H-W, Li YW: Oxygenate kinetics in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over an industrial Fe-Mn catalyst. Fuel 2005, 84:791-800.
    • (2005) Fuel , vol.84 , pp. 791-800
    • Teng, B.-T.1    Zhang, C.-H.2    Yang, J.3    Cao, D.-B.4    Chang, J.5    Xiang, H.-W.6    Li, Y.W.7
  • 46
    • 0035241731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon selectivity model for the slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on precipitated iron catalysts
    • Nowicki L, Ledakowicz S, Bukur BD: Hydrocarbon selectivity model for the slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on precipitated iron catalysts. Chem Eng Sci 2001, 56:1175-1180.
    • (2001) Chem Eng Sci , vol.56 , pp. 1175-1180
    • Nowicki, L.1    Ledakowicz, S.2    Bukur, B.D.3
  • 48
    • 0027138250 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction on a precipitated promoted iron catalyst 1 Experimental procedure and results
    • Lox ES, Froment GF: Kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction on a precipitated promoted iron catalyst. 1 Experimental procedure and results. Ind Eng Chem Res 1993, 32:61-70.
    • (1993) Ind Eng Chem Res , vol.32 , pp. 61-70
    • Lox, E.S.1    Froment, G.F.2
  • 49
    • 0032946903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon selectivity model for the gas-solid Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on precipitated iron catalysts
    • van der Laan GP, Beenackers A: Hydrocarbon selectivity model for the gas-solid Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on precipitated iron catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 1999, 38:1277-1290. (Pubitemid 29189540)
    • (1999) Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1277-1290
    • Van Der Laan, G.P.1    Beenackers, A.A.C.M.2
  • 50
    • 0346054886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic kinetics of the gas-solid Fischer-Tropsch and water gas shift reactions over a precipitated iron catalyst
    • van der Laan GP, Beenackers AACM: Intrinsic kinetics of the gas-solid Fischer-Tropsch and water gas shift reactions over a precipitated iron catalyst. Appl Catal A: Gen 2000, 193:39-53.
    • (2000) Appl Catal A: Gen , vol.193 , pp. 39-53
    • Van Der Laan, G.P.1    Beenackers, A.A.C.M.2
  • 51
    • 27844523281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An investigation of chain growth probability in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over an industrial Fe-Cu-K catalyst
    • Ma W-P, Zhao Y-L, Li Y-W, Xu Y-Y: An investigation of chain growth probability in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over an industrial Fe-Cu-K catalyst. React Kinet Catal Lett 1999, 66:217-223.
    • (1999) React Kinet Catal Lett , vol.66 , pp. 217-223
    • Ma, W.-P.1    Zhao, Y.-L.2    Li, Y.-W.3    Xu, Y.-Y.4
  • 52
    • 79957738341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-principles kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for heterogeneous catalysis: Concepts, status and frontiers
    • Edited by Deutschmann O. Weinberg: Wiley-VCH
    • Reuter K: First-principles kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for heterogeneous catalysis: concepts, status and frontiers. In Modeling Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions: From the Molecular Process to the Technical System. Edited by Deutschmann O. Weinberg: Wiley-VCH; 2009.
    • (2009) Modeling Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions: From the Molecular Process to the Technical System
    • Reuter, K.1
  • 53
    • 0033523744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fundamentals and selection of advanced Fischer-Tropsch reactors
    • PII S0926860X99001647
    • Sie ST, Krishna R: Fundamentals and selection of advanced Fischer-Tropsch reactors. Appl Catal A: Gen 1999, 186:55-70. (Pubitemid 129532952)
    • (1999) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 55-70
    • Sie, S.T.1    Krishna, R.2
  • 54
    • 0037081569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthol reactor technology development
    • DOI 10.1016/S0920-5861(01)00456-4, PII S0920586101004564
    • Duvenhage D, Shingles T: Synthol reactor technology development. Catal Today 2002, 71:301-305. (Pubitemid 34141276)
    • (2002) Catalysis Today , vol.71 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 301-305
    • Duvenhage, D.J.1    Shingles, T.2
  • 55
    • 0033523751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in commercial practice
    • PII S0926860X99001635
    • Steynberg AP, Espinoza RL, Jager B, Vosloo AC: High temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in commercial practice. Appl Catal A: Gen 1999, 186:41-54. (Pubitemid 129532951)
    • (1999) Applied Catalysis A: General , vol.186 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 41-54
    • Steynberg, A.P.1    Espinoza, R.L.2    Jager, B.3    Vosloo, A.C.4
  • 59
    • 0035036814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and scale up of a bubble column slurry reactor for Fischer-Trospch synthesis
    • Krishna R, van Baten JM, Urseanu MI, Ellenberger J: Design and scale up of a bubble column slurry reactor for Fischer-Trospch synthesis. Chem Eng Sci 2001, 56:537-545.
    • (2001) Chem Eng Sci , vol.56 , pp. 537-545
    • Krishna, R.1    Van Baten, J.M.2    Urseanu, M.I.3    Ellenberger, J.4
  • 60
    • 0742286886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A strategy for scaling up the Fischer-Tropsch bubble column slurry reactor
    • Krishna R, van Baten JM: A strategy for scaling up the Fischer-Tropsch bubble column slurry reactor. Top Catal 2003, 26:21-28.
    • (2003) Top Catal , vol.26 , pp. 21-28
    • Krishna, R.1    Van Baten, J.M.2
  • 61
    • 0033722076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and scale-up of the Fischer-Tropsch bubble column slurry reactor
    • Krishna R, Sie ST: Design and scale-up of the Fischer-Tropsch bubble column slurry reactor. Fuel Process Technol 2000, 64:73-105.
    • (2000) Fuel Process Technol , vol.64 , pp. 73-105
    • Krishna, R.1    Sie, S.T.2
  • 62
    • 80052822127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of bubble column diameter on local heat transfer and related hydrodynamics
    • Jhawar AK, Prakash A: Influence of bubble column diameter on local heat transfer and related hydrodynamics. Chem Eng Res Des 2011, 89:1996-2002.
    • (2011) Chem Eng Res des , vol.89 , pp. 1996-2002
    • Jhawar, A.K.1    Prakash, A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.