The cocaine-addicted patient

Perioperative Addiction: Clinical Management of the Addicted Patient

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 95-109

  Kaye, Alan D ^a   Weinkauf, Julia L ^b  

^a LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84899826890     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0170-4_5     Document Type: Chapter

References (55)

1. Katzung BG. Drugs of abuse, Basic and clinical pharmacology. 10th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill companies; 2007. p. 518-23.
2. Borden D. Editorial “Yes, the drug war really is still failing, DEA and ONDCP”. http://stopthedrugwar.org/chronicle/504/yes_the_drug_war_really_is_failing. Accessed 11 Apr 2010.
3. US Department of Health and Human Services. National survey on drug use and health. Washington DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2008. Figures 2.1, 2.6.
4. Brookoff D, Campbell EA, Shaw LM. The underreporting of cocaine-related trauma: drug abuse warning network reports vs hospital toxicology tests. Am J Public Health. 1993;83(3):369-71.
5. Feinstein L, Schmidt K. Cocaine users present unique anesthetic challenges: part 1. Anesthesiol News. 2010;36-2:8-9.
6. Pendergrast M. For god, country, and coca-cola. New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons; 1993. p. 32-3, 90-91, 355-56.
7. 3-norepinephrine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1961;134:146-53.
8. Jatlow PI. Drug of abuse profile: cocaine. Clin Chem. 1987;33:66B-71.
9. Bernards CM, Artru A, Visco E, et al. Chronic cocaine exposure alters carbon dioxide reactivity but does not affect cerebral blood flow autoregulation in anesthetized dogs. J Trauma. 2002;52:912-21.
10. Lange RA, Hillis LD. Cardiovascular complications in cocaine use. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(5):351-8.
11. Hollander JE, Hoffman RS. Cocaine-induced myocardial infarction: an analysis and review of the literature. J Emerg Med. 1992;10:169-77.
12. Meisels IS, Loke J. The pulmonary effects of free-base cocaine: a review. Cleve Clin J Med. 1993;60:325-9.
13. Jatlow P, Barash PG, Van Dyke C, et al. Cocaine and succinylcholine sensitivity: a new caution. Anesth Analg. 1979;58:235-8.
14. Chestnut DH. Substance abuse. In: Obstetric anesthesia: principle and practice, 3rd ed. New York, NY: Elsevier Mosby; 2004.
15. O'Brien CP. Drug addiction and drug abuse. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, editors. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 621-42.
16. Ndikum-Moffor FM, Schoeb TR, Roberts SM. Liver toxicity from norcocaine nitroxide, an N-oxidative metabolite of cocaine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998;248:413-9.
17. Harris DS, Everhart ET, Mendelson J, Jones RT. The pharmacology of cocaethylene in humans following cocaine and ethanol administration. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003;72:169-82.
18. Wang Z, Fermini B, Nattel S. Mechanism of flecainide’s rate-dependent actions on action potential duration in canine atrial tissue. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993;267:575-81.
19. Bauman JL, Grawe JJ, Winecoff AP, Hariman RJ. Cocaine-related sudden cardiac death: a hypothesis correlating basic science and clinical observations. J Clin Pharmacol. 1994;34:902-11.
20. Afonso L, Mohammad T, Thatai D. Crack whips the heart: a review of the cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100(6):1040-3.
21. Lucena J, Blanco M, Jurado C, Rico A, Salguero M, Vazquez R, et al. Cocaine-related sudden death: a prospective investigation in south-west Spain. Eur Heart J. 2010;31(3):318-29. Epub 2010 Jan 12.
22. Kimura S, Bassett AL, Xi H, Myerburg RJ. Early after-depolarizations and triggered activity induced by cocaine. Circulation. 1992;85:2227-35.
23. DeWitt CR, Waksman JC. Pharmacology, pathophysiology and management of calcium channel blocker and beta-blocker toxicity. Toxicol Rev. 2004;23:223-38.
24. Charbit B, Samain E, Merckx P, Funck-Brentano C. QT interval measurement. Anesthesiology. 2006;104:255-60.
25. Khan IA, Long QT. Syndrome: diagnosis and management. Am Heart J. 2002;143:7-14.
26. Chvilicek JP, Hurlbert BJ, Hill GE. Diuretic-induced hypokalaemia inducing torsades de pointes. Can J Anaesth. 1995;42:1137-9.
27. Solaini L, Gourgiotis S, Salemis NS, Koukis I. Bilateral pneumothorax, lung cavitations, and pleural empyema in a cocaine addict. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;56(12):610-2.
28. Averbach M, Casey KK, Frank E. Near-fatal status asthmaticus induced by nasal insufflation of cocaine. South Med J. 1996;89(3):340-1.
29. Gotway MB, Marder SR, Hanks DK, Leung JW, Dawn SK, Gean AD, et al. Thoracic complications of illicit drug use: an organ system approach. Radiographics. 2002;22:S119-35.
30. Restrepo CS, Carrillo JA, Martinez S, Ojeda P, Rivera AL, Hatta A. Pulmonary complications from cocaine and cocaine-based substances: imaging manifestations. Radiographics. 2007;27(4):941-56.
31. Herrine SK, Park PK, Wechsler RJ. Acute mesenteric ischemia following intranasal cocaine use. Dig Dis Sci. 1998;43(3):586-9.
32. Lingamfelter DC, Knight LD. Sudden death from massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage associated with crack cocaine use: case report and review of the literature. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2010;31(1):98-9.
33. Nalbandian H, Sheth N, Dietrich R, Georgiou J. Intestinal ischemia caused by cocaine ingestion: report of two cases. Surgery. 1985;97(3):374-6.
34. Abramson DL, Gertler JP, Lewis T, Kral JG. Crack-related perforated gastropyloric ulcer. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1991;13(1):17-9.
35. Johnson BA, Dawes MA, Roache JD, Wells LT, Ait-Daoud N, Mauldin JB, et al. Acute intravenous low- and high-dose cocaine reduces quantitative global and regional cerebral blood flow in recently abstinent subjects with cocaine use disorder. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2005;25(7):928-36.
36. Levine SR, Brust JC, Futrell N, Ho KL, Blake D, Millikan CH, et al. Cerebrovascular complications of the use of the “crack” form of alkaloidal cocaine. N Engl J Med. 1990;323(11):699-704.
37. Petty GW, Brust JC, Tatemichi TK, Barr ML. Embolic stroke after smoking “crack” cocaine. Stroke. 1990;21(11):1632-5.
38. MacEwen C, Ward M, Buchan A. A case of cocaine-induced basilar artery thrombosis. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2008;4(11):622-6.
39. Dhuna A, Pascual-Leone A, Langendorf F, Anderson DC. Epileptogenic properties of cocaine in humans. Neurotoxicology. 1991;12(3):621-6.
40. Daras M, Koppel BS, Atos-Radzion E. Cocaine-induced choreoathetoid movements (‘crack dancing’). Neurology. 1994;44(4):751-2.
41. Heesch CM, Negus BH, Steiner M, et al. Effects of in vivo cocaine administration on human platelet aggregation. Am J Cardiol. 1996;78:237-9.
42. Kugelmass AD, Oda A, Monahan K, Cabral C, Ware JA. Activation of human platelets by cocaine. Circulation. 1993;88(3):876-83.
43. Kuckowski KM, Birnbach DJ, Van Zunder A. Drug abuse in the parturient. Semin Anesth Perioperat Med Pain. 2000;19:216-24.
44. Birnbach DJ, Stein DJ. The substance-abusing parturient: implications for analgesia and anesthesia management. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;12:443-60.
45. Kuckowski KM. Anesthetic implications of drug abuse in pregnancy. J Clin Anesth. 2003;15:382-94.
46. Kuckowski KM. The cocaine abusing parturient: a review of anesthetic considerations. Can J Anaesth. 2004;51(2):145-54.
47. Hollander JE. The management of cocaine-associated myocardial ischemia. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1267-72.
48. Hill GE, Ogunnaike BO, Johnson ER. General anaesthesia for the cocaine abusing patient: is it safe? Br J Anaesth. 2006;97:654-7.
49. Susskind H, Weber DA, Volkow ND, Hitzemann R. Increased lung permeability following long-term use of free-base cocaine (crack). Chest. 1991;100:903-9.
50. Baldwin GC, Choi R, Roth MD, et al. Evidence of chronic damage to the pulmonary microcirculation in habitual users of alkaloidal (“crack”) cocaine. Chest. 2002;121:1231-8.
51. Norris KC, Thornhill-Joynes M, Robinson C, et al. Cocaine use, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38:523-8.
52. Hoffman RS. Cocaine and beta-blockers: should the controversy continue? Ann Emerg Med. 2008;51(2):127-9. Epub 2007 Sep 24.
53. McCord J, Jneid H, Hollander JE, et al. Management of cocaine-associated chest pain and myocardial infarction: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Acute Cardiac Care Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology. Circulation. 2008;117:1897-907.
54. Battaglia G, Napier TC. The effects of cocaine and the amphetamines on brain and behavior: a conference report. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1998;52:41-8.
55. Moreno AY, Janda KD. Immunopharmacotherapy: vaccination strategies as a treatment for drug abuse and dependence. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009;92(2):199-205.