Bona fide evidence for natural vertical transmission of infectious salmon anemia virus in freshwater brood stocks of farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in Southern Chile

Journal of Virology

Volumn 88, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 6012-6018

  Marshall, Sergio H ^a,c   Ramírez, Ramón ^a,c   Labra, Alvaro ^a,b   Carmona, Marisela ^a,c   Muñoz, Cristián ^a,c  

^a PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DE VALPARAÍSO   (Chile)

^b Ministerio de Economía Fomento y Turismo   (Chile)

^c Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation   (Chile)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FRESH WATER; PENICILLIN DERIVATIVE; SEA WATER; STREPTOMYCIN;

ADULT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHILE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EGG; EPIDEMIC; FEMALE; INFECTION SENSITIVITY; INFECTIOUS SALMON ANEMIA; INFECTIOUS SALMON ANEMIA VIRUS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; ORTHOMYXOVIRUS; OVARY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; VIRUS IDENTIFICATION; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS VIRULENCE;

ANIMALS; AQUACULTURE; CHILE; DENATURING GRADIENT GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; FEMALE; FISH DISEASES; FRESH WATER; INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL; ISAVIRUS; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; OVARY; OVUM; SALMO SALAR; VIRAL LOAD; VIRULENCE;

EID: 84899791925     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: 10985514     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.03670-13     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Mjaaland S, Rimstad E, Falk K, Dannevig BH. 1997. Genomic characterization of the virus causing infectious salmon anemia in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): an orthomyxo-like virus in a teleost. J. Virol. 71:7681-7686.
2. Kawaoka Y, Cox NJ, Haller O, Hongo S, Kaverin N, Klenk H-D, Lamb RA, McCauley J, Palese P, Rimstad E, Webster RG. 2005. Infectious salmon anemia virus, p 681-693. In Fauquet CM, Mayo MA, Maniloff J, Desselberger U, Ball LA (ed), Virus taxonomy. Eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Elsevier Academic Press, New York, NY.
3. World Organization for Animal Health. 2013. Aquatic animal health code. Infection with infectious salmon anemia virus, 16th ed. OIE, Paris, France. http://www. oie. int/es/normas-internacionales/codigo-acuatico/acceso-en-linea/.
4. Rimstad E, Dale OB, Dannevig BH, Falk K. 2011. Infectious salmon anemia, p 143-165. In Woo PTK, Bruno DW (ed), Fish diseases and disorders, 2nd ed, vol 3. Viral, bacterial and fungal infections. Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International, Wallingford, United Kingdom.
5. Asche F, Hansen H, Tveteras R, Tveteras S. 2009. The salmon disease crisis in Chile. Mar. Resour. Econ. 24:405-411. http://dx. doi. org/10. 5950/0738-1360-24. 4. 405.
6. Godoy M, Aedo A, Kibenge MJ, Groman DB, Yason CV, Grothusen H, Lisperguer A, Calbucura M, Avendaño F, Imilan M, Jarpa M, Kibenge FS. 2008. First detection, isolation and molecular characterization of infectious salmon anemia virus associated with clinical disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) in Chile. BMC Vet. Res. 4:28-33. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1186/1746-6148-4-28.
7. Cottet L, Cortez-San Martin M, Tello M, Olivares E, Rivas-Aravena A, Vallejos E, Sandino AM, Spencer E. 2010. Bioinformatic analysis of the genome of infectious salmon anemia virus associated with outbreaks of high mortality in Chile. J. Virol. 84:11916-11928. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1128/JVI. 01202-10.
8. Thorud K, Djupvik HO. 1988. Infectious anemia in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L). Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. 8:109-111.
9. Anonymous. 2000. ISA hits the Faroes. Fish Farming Int. 27:47.
10. Christiansen DH, Ostergaard PS, Snow M, Dale OB, Falk K. 2011. A low-pathogenic variant of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV-HPR0) is highly prevalent and causes a non-clinical transient infection in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L) in the Faroe Island. J. Gen. Virol. 92:909-918. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1099/vir. 0. 027094-0.
11. Cunningham CO, Gregory A, Black J, Simpson J, Raynard RS. 2002. A novel variant of the infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) hemagglutinin gene suggests mechanisms for virus diversity. Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. 22:366-374.
12. Bouchard DA, Brockway K, Giray C, Keleher W, Merrill PL. 2001. First report of infectious salmon anemia (ISA) in the United States. Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. 21:86-88.
13. McBeath AJA, Bain N, Snow M. 2009. Surveillance for infectious salmon anemia virus HPR0 in marine Atlantic salmon farms across Scotland. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 87:161-169. http://dx. doi. org/10. 3354/dao02128.
14. Murray AG, Munro LA, Wallace IS, Berx B, Pendrey D, Fraser D, Raynard RS. 2010. Epidemiological investigation into the re-emergence and control of an outbreak of infectious salmon anemia in the Shetland Islands, Scotland. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 91:189-200. http://dx. doi. org/10. 3354/dao02262.
15. EFSA Panel on Animal Health and Welfare. 2012. Scientific opinion on infectious salmon anemia. EFSA J. 10:2971. http://dx. doi. org/10. 2903/j. efsa. 2012. 2971.
16. Melville KJ, Griffiths SG. 1999. Absence of vertical transmission of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) from individually infected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L). Dis. Aquat. Organ. 38:231-234.
17. Søfteland E. 2005. Feltforsøk med ILA-infisertstamfiskavlaks-erdetmulig å overføre ILA-virus via rognogmelke? Report Mattilsynet. Universitetet Bergen, Akvaforsk, Fomas, Bergen, Norway.
18. Nylund A, Plarre H, Karlsen M, Fridell F, Ottem KF, Bratland A, Saether PA. 2007. Transmission of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in farmed populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Arch. Virol. 152: 151-179. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1007/s00705-006-0825-9.
19. Snow M, McKay P, McBeath AJA, Black J, Doig F, Kerr R, Cunningham CO, Nylund A, Devold M. 2006. Development, application and validation of a Taqman real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L). Dev. Biol. 126:133-145.
20. Vike S, Nylund S, Nylund A. 2009. ISA virus in Chile: evidence of vertical transmission. Arch. Virol. 154:1-8. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1007/s00705-008-0251-2.
21. Godoy M, Kibenge M, Suarez R, Lazo E, Heisinger A, Aguinaga J, Bravo D, Mendoza J, Llegues K, Avendaño-Herrera R, Vera C, Mardones F, Kibenge F. 2013. Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Chilean Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture: emergence of low pathogenic ISAV-HPR0 and re-emergence of virulent ISAV-HPRs: HPR3 and HPR14. Virol. J. 10:344. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1186/1743-422X-10-344.
22. Sepúlveda D, Bohle H, Labra A, Grothusen H, Marshall S. 2013. Design and evaluation of a unique RT-qPCR assay for diagnostic quality control assessment that is applicable to pathogen detection in three species of salmonid fish. BMC Vet. Res. 9:183. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1186/1746-6148-9-183.
23. Reynolds ES. 1963. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electronopaque stain in electron microscopy. J. Cell Biol. 17:208-212. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1083/jcb. 17. 1. 208.
24. Dannevig BH, Falk K, Namork E. 1995. Isolation of the causal virus of infectious salmon anemia (ISA) in a long-term cell line from Atlantic salmon head kidney. J. Gen. Virol. 76(Part 6):1353-1359. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1099/0022-1317-76-6-1353.
25. Goić B, Bustamante J, Miquel A, Alvarez M, Vera MI, Valenzuela PD, Burzio LO. 2008. The nucleoprotein and the viral RNA of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) are localized in the nucleolus of infected cells. Virology 379:55-63. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1016/j. virol. 2008. 05. 036.
26. Rivas-Aravena A, Vallejos-Vidal E, Cortez-San Martin M, Reyes-López F, Tello M, Mora P, Sandino AM, Spencer E. 2011. Inhibitory effect of a nucleotide analog on infectious salmon anemia virus infection. J. Virol. 85:8037-8045. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1128/JVI. 00533-11.
27. Sepúlveda D, Cárdenas C, Carmona M, Marshall SH. 2012. Novel strategy to evaluate infectious salmon anemia virus variants by high resolution melting. PLoS One 7:e37265. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1371/journal. pone. 0037265.
28. Carmona M, Sepúlveda D, Cárdenas C, Nilo L, Marshall SH. 2012. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) as a powerful novel alternative for differentiation of epizootic ISA virus variants. PLoS One 7:e37353. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1371/journal. pone. 0037353.
29. Nylund A, Devold M, Plarre H, Isdal E, Arseth M. 2003. Emergence and maintenance of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Europe: a new hypothesis. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 56:11-24. http://dx. doi. org/10. 3354/dao056011.
30. Markussen T, Jonassen CM, Numanovic S, Braen S, Hjortaas M, Nilsen H, Mjaaland S. 2008. Evolutionary mechanisms involved in the virulence of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV), a piscine orthomyxovirus. Virology 374:515-527. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1016/j. virol. 2008. 01. 019.
31. Devold M, Falk K, Dale B, Krossøy B, Biering E, Aspehaug V, Nilsen F, Nylund A. 2001. Strain variation, based on the hemagglutinin gene, in Norwegian ISA virus isolates collected from 1987 to 2001: indications of recombination. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 47:119-128. http://dx. doi. org/10. 3354/dao047119.
32. SERNAPESCA. 2010. Informe técnico Programa Sanitario Específico de Vigilancia y Control de la Anemia Infecciosa del Salmón (PSEC-ISA), 2008-. 2010. Unidad de Acuicultura, SERNAPESCA, Valparaíso, Chile. http://mail. anfitrion. cl/GobiernoTransparente/pesca/NE/RES/2011/08/73385. html.