메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 4, 2014, Pages

The role of wildfire, prescribed fire, and mountain pine beetle infestations on the population dynamics of black-backed woodpeckers in the Black Hills, South Dakota

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BEETLE; BIRD; FEMALE; FIRE; FLEDGLING; FOGO SELVAGEM; GROWTH RATE; MALE; NEST SUCCESS; NESTLING; NONHUMAN; PICOIDES ARCTICUS; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; POPULATION GROWTH; PRESCRIBED FIRE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SPECIES HABITAT; SPECIES INVASION; SURVIVAL PREDICTION; UNITED STATES; ANIMAL; BAYES THEOREM; ECOSYSTEM; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; PHYSIOLOGY; PINE; REPRODUCTION;

EID: 84899713938     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094700     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0017806329 scopus 로고
    • Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs
    • Connell JH (1978) Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 199: 1302-1310.
    • (1978) Science , vol.199 , pp. 1302-1310
    • Connell, J.H.1
  • 2
    • 84899764110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boise: National Interagency Fire Council. Available, Accessed 2013 Jan
    • National Interagency Fire Council (2013) Total wildland fires and acres (1960- 2009). Boise: National Interagency Fire Council. Available: http://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/fireInfo-stats-totalFires.html. Accessed 2013 Jan.
    • (2013) Total Wildland Fires and Acres (1960- 2009)
  • 3
    • 11144233338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape-scale habitat selection patterns of Monochamus scutellatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in a recently burned black spruce forest
    • Saint-Germain M, Drapeau P, Hebert C (2004) Landscape-scale habitat selection patterns of Monochamus scutellatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in a recently burned black spruce forest. Environ Entomol 33: 1703-1710. (Pubitemid 40047674)
    • (2004) Environmental Entomology , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 1703-1710
    • Saint-Germain, M.1    Drapeau, P.2    Hebert, C.3
  • 4
    • 0000961895 scopus 로고
    • Relationships between fires and winter habitat of deer in Idaho
    • Keay JA, Peek JM (1980) Relationships between fires and winter habitat of deer in Idaho. J Wildl Manage 44: 372-380.
    • (1980) J Wildl Manage , vol.44 , pp. 372-380
    • Keay, J.A.1    Peek, J.M.2
  • 5
    • 33745155066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal morphology of female white-tailed and mule deer: Effects of fire, reproduction, and feeding type
    • DOI 10.1644/05-mamm-A-356R1.1
    • Zimmerman TJ, Jenks JA, Leslie DM (2006) Gastrointestinal morphology of female white-tailed and mule deer: Effects of fire, reproduction, and feeding type. J Mammal 87: 598-605. (Pubitemid 43902257)
    • (2006) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 598-605
    • Zimmerman, T.J.1    Jenks, J.A.2    Leslie Jr., D.M.3
  • 6
    • 84899706843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of mountain pine beetle activity on the Black Hills National Forest
    • Rapid City: U.S. Forest Service
    • Allen KK, Long DF, Cross FJ (2001) Evaluation of mountain pine beetle activity on the Black Hills National Forest, Biological Evaluation R2-002-02. Rapid City: U.S. Forest Service. 29 p.
    • (2001) Biological Evaluation R2-002-02 , pp. 29
    • Allen, K.K.1    Long, D.F.2    Cross, F.J.3
  • 7
    • 45849137124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: The dynamics of bark beetle eruptions
    • DOI 10.1641/B580607
    • Raffa KF, Aukema BH, Bentz BJ, Carroll AL, Hicke JA, et al. (2008) Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: The dynamics of bark beetle eruptions. Bioscience 58: 501-517. (Pubitemid 351881194)
    • (2008) BioScience , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 501-517
    • Raffa, K.F.1    Aukema, B.H.2    Bentz, B.J.3    Carroll, A.L.4    Hicke, J.A.5    Turner, M.G.6    Romme, W.H.7
  • 8
    • 63849116303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species-energy theory, pulsed resources, and regulation of avian richness during a mountain pine beetle outbreak
    • Drever MC, Goheen JR, Martin K (2009) Species-energy theory, pulsed resources, and regulation of avian richness during a mountain pine beetle outbreak. Ecology 90: 1095-1105.
    • (2009) Ecology , vol.90 , pp. 1095-1105
    • Drever, M.C.1    Goheen, J.R.2    Martin, K.3
  • 9
    • 78649450721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Woodpeckers increase in abundance but maintain fecundity in response to an outbreak of mountain pine bark beetles
    • Edworthy AB, Drever MC, Martin K (2011) Woodpeckers increase in abundance but maintain fecundity in response to an outbreak of mountain pine bark beetles. For Ecol Manage 261: 203-210.
    • (2011) For Ecol Manage , vol.261 , pp. 203-210
    • Edworthy, A.B.1    Drever, M.C.2    Martin, K.3
  • 10
    • 0028995050 scopus 로고
    • Composition of bird communities following stand-replacement fires in Northern Rocky Mountain (USA) conifer forests
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09051041.x
    • Hutto RL (1995) Composition of bird communities following stand-replacement fires in Northern Rocky Mountain (USA) conifer forests. Conserv Biol 9: 1041- 1058. (Pubitemid 3000876)
    • (1995) Conservation Biology , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 1041-1058
    • Hutto, R.L.1
  • 11
    • 0031785512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density and foraging ecology of woodpeckers following a stand-replacement fire
    • Murphy EC, Lehnhausen WA (1998) Density and foraging ecology of woodpeckers following a stand-replacement fire. J Wildl Manage 62: 1359- 1372. (Pubitemid 28501653)
    • (1998) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.62 , Issue.4 , pp. 1359-1372
    • Murphy, E.C.1    Lehnhausen, W.A.2
  • 12
    • 38549174717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Home range size of black-backed woodpeckers in burned forests of southwestern Idaho
    • DOI 10.3398/1527-0904(2007)67[593:HRSOBW]2.0.CO;2
    • Dudley JG, Saab VA (2007) Home range size of black-backed woodpeckers in burned forests of southwestern Idaho. West N Am Nat 67: 593-600. (Pubitemid 351160105)
    • (2007) Western North American Naturalist , vol.67 , Issue.4 , pp. 593-600
    • Dudley, J.G.1    Saab, V.A.2
  • 13
    • 67349284072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success of the black-backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus) in burned boreal forests: Are burns source habitats?
    • Nappi A, Drapeau P (2009) Reproductive success of the black-backed woodpecker (Picoides arcticus) in burned boreal forests: Are burns source habitats? Biol Conserv 142: 1381-1391.
    • (2009) Biol Conserv , vol.142 , pp. 1381-1391
    • Nappi, A.1    Drapeau, P.2
  • 14
    • 84862303807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging-habitat selection of Blackbacked Woodpeckers in forest burns of southwestern Idaho
    • Dudley JG, Saab VA, Hollenbeck JP (2012) Foraging-habitat selection of Blackbacked Woodpeckers in forest burns of southwestern Idaho. Condor 114: 348- 357.
    • (2012) Condor , vol.114 , pp. 348-357
    • Dudley, J.G.1    Saab, V.A.2    Hollenbeck, J.P.3
  • 15
    • 68149147597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the effects of environmental disturbance on wildlife communities: Avian responses to prescribed fire
    • Russell RE, Royle JA, Saab VA, Lehmkuhl JF, Block WM, et al. (2009) Modeling the effects of environmental disturbance on wildlife communities: Avian responses to prescribed fire. Ecol Appl 19: 1253-1263.
    • (2009) Ecol Appl , vol.19 , pp. 1253-1263
    • Russell, R.E.1    Royle, J.A.2    Saab, V.A.3    Lehmkuhl, J.F.4    Block, W.M.5
  • 17
    • 67349100009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest success of black-backed woodpeckers in forests with mountain pine beetle outbreaks in the Black Hills, South Dakota
    • Bonnot TW, Rumble MA, Millspaugh JJ (2008) Nest success of black-backed woodpeckers in forests with mountain pine beetle outbreaks in the Black Hills, South Dakota. Condor 110: 450-457.
    • (2008) Condor , vol.110 , pp. 450-457
    • Bonnot, T.W.1    Rumble, M.A.2    Millspaugh, J.J.3
  • 18
    • 70449715066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-scale nest-site selection by black-backed woodpeckers in outbreaks of mountain pine beetles
    • Bonnot TW, Millspaugh JJ, Rumble MA (2009) Multi-scale nest-site selection by black-backed woodpeckers in outbreaks of mountain pine beetles. For Ecol Manage 259: 220-228.
    • (2009) For Ecol Manage , vol.259 , pp. 220-228
    • Bonnot, T.W.1    Millspaugh, J.J.2    Rumble, M.A.3
  • 19
    • 69649105835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat requirements of breeding black-backed woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus) in managed, unburned boreal forest
    • Available, Accessed 2010 Feb 3
    • Tremblay JA, Ibarzabal J, Dussault C, Savard JPL (2009) Habitat requirements of breeding black-backed woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus) in managed, unburned boreal forest. Avian Econservation and Ecology 1: 2. Available http://www.aceeco.org/vol4/iss1/art2/Accessed 2010 Feb 3.
    • (2009) Avian Econservation and Ecology , vol.1 , pp. 2
    • Tremblay, J.A.1    Ibarzabal, J.2    Dussault, C.3    Savard, J.P.L.4
  • 21
    • 0033994443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Woodpecker abundance and habitat use in mature balsam fir forests in Newfoundland
    • Setterington MA, Thompson ID, Montevecchi WA (2000) Woodpecker abundance and habitat use in mature balsam fir forests in Newfoundland. J Wildl Manage 64: 335-345. (Pubitemid 30221427)
    • (2000) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 335-345
    • Setterington, M.A.1    Thompson, I.D.2    Montevecchi, W.A.3
  • 22
    • 0036433472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat associations of black-backed and three-toed woodpeckers in the boreal forest of Alberta
    • DOI 10.1139/x02-109
    • Hoyt JS, Hannon SJ (2002) Habitat associations of black-backed and three-toed woodpeckers in the boreal forest of Alberta. Can J For Res 32: 1881-1888. (Pubitemid 35368901)
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.32 , Issue.10 , pp. 1881-1888
    • Hoyt, J.S.1    Hannon, S.J.2
  • 23
    • 33845215798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of postfire salvage logging on cavity-nesting birds
    • DOI 10.1650/0010-5422(2006)108[817:TEOPSL]2.0.CO;2
    • Hutto RL, Gallo SM (2006) The effects of postfire salvage logging on cavitynesting birds. Condor 108: 817-831. (Pubitemid 44851832)
    • (2006) Condor , vol.108 , Issue.4 , pp. 817-831
    • Hutto, R.L.1    Gallo, S.M.2
  • 24
    • 33847205723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest densities of cavity-nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging and time since wildfire
    • Saab VA, Russell RE, Dudley JG (2007) Nest densities of cavity-nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging and time since wildfire. Condor 109: 97-108.
    • (2007) Condor , vol.109 , pp. 97-108
    • Saab, V.A.1    Russell, R.E.2    Dudley, J.G.3
  • 25
    • 84855374455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South Dakota comprehensive wildlife conservation plan
    • South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks, Fish and Parks
    • South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks (2006) South Dakota comprehensive wildlife conservation plan, Report 2006-09. Pierre: South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks.
    • (2006) Report 2006-09 Pierre: South Dakota Department of Game
  • 26
    • 84899759161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; 90-Day finding on a petition to list two populations of Black-Backed Woodpecker as endangered or threatened
    • Federal Register
    • Federal Register (2013) Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; 90-Day finding on a petition to list two populations of Black-Backed Woodpecker as endangered or threatened. Fed Regist 68: 21086-21097.
    • (2013) Fed Regist , vol.68 , pp. 21086-21097
  • 27
    • 0003200030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black-backed Wooodpecker (Picoides arcticus)
    • Poole A, editor. The Birds of North America Online. Available, Accessed 2013 May
    • Dixon RD, Saab VA (2000) Black-backed Wooodpecker (Picoides arcticus). In Poole A, editor. The Birds of North America Online. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Available: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/509. Accessed 2013 May.
    • (2000) Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology
    • Dixon, R.D.1    Saab, V.A.2
  • 28
    • 79955726583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-fire forest conditions and fire severity as determinants of the quality of burned forests for deadwood-dependent species: The case of the black-backed woodpecker
    • Nappi A, Drapeau P (2011) Pre-fire forest conditions and fire severity as determinants of the quality of burned forests for deadwood-dependent species: The case of the black-backed woodpecker. Can J For Res 41: 994-1003.
    • (2011) Can J for Res , vol.41 , pp. 994-1003
    • Nappi, A.1    Drapeau, P.2
  • 29
    • 67649669774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postfire woodpecker foraging in salvage-logged and unlogged forests of the Sierra Nevada
    • Hanson CT, North MP (2008) Postfire woodpecker foraging in salvage-logged and unlogged forests of the Sierra Nevada. Condor 110: 777-782.
    • (2008) Condor , vol.110 , pp. 777-782
    • Hanson, C.T.1    North, M.P.2
  • 30
    • 63249085825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecological importance of severe wildfires: Some like it hot
    • Hutto RL (2008) The ecological importance of severe wildfires: some like it hot. Ecol Appl 18: 1827-1834.
    • (2008) Ecol Appl , vol.18 , pp. 1827-1834
    • Hutto, R.L.1
  • 33
    • 0030502816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire history in interior ponderosa pine communities of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA
    • Brown PM, Hull Sieg C (1996) Fire history in interior ponderosa pine communities of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA. Int J Wildland Fire 6: 97- 105. (Pubitemid 126489132)
    • (1996) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 97-105
    • Brown, P.M.1    Sieg, C.H.2
  • 34
    • 46049112974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire decreases arthropod abundance but increases diversity: Early and late season prescribed fire effects in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest
    • Ferrenberg SM, Schwilk DW, Knapp EE, Groth E, Keeley JE (2006) Fire decreases arthropod abundance but increases diversity: early and late season prescribed fire effects in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest. Fire Ecol 2: 79- 102.
    • (2006) Fire Ecol , vol.2 , pp. 79-102
    • Ferrenberg, S.M.1    Schwilk, D.W.2    Knapp, E.E.3    Groth, E.4    Keeley, J.E.5
  • 35
    • 46049084375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of prescribed burns affects abundance and composition of arthropods in the Texas Hill Country
    • DOI 10.1894/0038-4909(2008)53[137:TOPBAA]2.0.CO;2
    • Johnson SD, Horn KC, Savage AM, Windhager S, Simmons MT, et al. (2008) Timing of prescribed burns affects abundance and composition of arthropods in the Texas hill country. Southwest Nat 53: 137-145. (Pubitemid 351897426)
    • (2008) Southwestern Naturalist , vol.53 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-145
    • Johnson, S.D.1    Horn, K.C.2    Savage, A.M.3    Windhager, S.4    Simmons, M.T.5    Rudgers, J.A.6
  • 39
    • 0001409497 scopus 로고
    • New harness design for attachment of radio transmitters to small passerines
    • Rappole JH, Tipton AR (1991) New harness design for attachment of radio transmitters to small passerines. J Field Ornithol 62: 335-337.
    • (1991) J Field Ornithol , vol.62 , pp. 335-337
    • Rappole, J.H.1    Tipton, A.R.2
  • 41
    • 33646676061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hole saw method for accessing woodpecker nestlings during developmental studies
    • Ibarzabal J, Tremblay JA (2006) The hole saw method for accessing woodpecker nestlings during developmental studies. Ann Zool Fennici 43: 235-238. (Pubitemid 43742434)
    • (2006) Annales Zoologici Fennici , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 235-238
    • Ibarzabal, J.1    Tremblay, J.A.2
  • 42
    • 0029959228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Miniature video-board camera used to inspect natural and artificial nest cavities
    • Proudfoot GA (1996) Miniature video-board camera used to inspect natural and artificial nest cavities. Wildl Soc Bull 24: 528-530.
    • (1996) Wildl Soc Bull , vol.24 , pp. 528-530
    • Proudfoot, G.A.1
  • 43
    • 33847360908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An economical wireless cavity-nest viewer
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1557-9263.2006.00089.x
    • Huebner DP, Hurteau SR (2007) An economical wireless cavity-nest viewer. J Field Ornithol 78: 87-92. (Pubitemid 46339496)
    • (2007) Journal of Field Ornithology , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-92
    • Huebner, D.P.1    Hurteau, S.R.2
  • 45
    • 0038477016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced techniques for modeling avian nest survival
    • Dinsmore SJ, White GC, Knopf FL (2002) Advanced techniques for modeling avian nest survival. Ecology 83: 3476-3488. (Pubitemid 36524662)
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , Issue.12 , pp. 3476-3488
    • Dinsmore, S.J.1    White, G.C.2    Knopf, F.L.3
  • 46
    • 10644234024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When should Mayfield model data be discarded?
    • Stanley T (2004) When should Mayfield model data be discarded? Wilson Bull 116: 267-269. (Pubitemid 39651389)
    • (2004) Wilson Bulletin , vol.116 , Issue.3 , pp. 267-269
    • Stanley, T.R.1
  • 48
    • 0033934958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life stage simulation analysis: Estimating vital-rate effects on population growth for conservation
    • Wisdom MJ, Mills LS, Doak DF (2000) Life stage simulation analysis: Estimating vital-rate effects on population growth for conservation. Ecology 81: 628-641. (Pubitemid 30437989)
    • (2000) Ecology , vol.81 , Issue.3 , pp. 628-641
    • Wisdom, M.J.1    Mills, L.S.2    Doak, D.F.3
  • 50
    • 26044475582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in bird abundance after wildfire: Importance of fire severity and time since fire
    • Smucker KM, Hutto RL, Steele BM (2005) Changes in bird abundance after wildfire: Importance of fire severity and time since fire. Ecol Appl 15: 1535- 1549. (Pubitemid 41408029)
    • (2005) Ecological Applications , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 1535-1549
    • Smucker, K.M.1    Hutto, R.L.2    Steele, B.M.3
  • 52
    • 84899707891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
    • Poole A, editor. The Birds of North America Online. Available:, Accessed 2013 May
    • Squires JR, Reynolds RT (1997) Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). In Poole A, editor. The Birds of North America Online. Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Available: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/298. Accessed 2013 May.
    • (1997) Ithaca: Cornell Lab of Ornithology
    • Squires, J.R.1    Reynolds, R.T.2
  • 53
    • 84889025251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spaceuse and habitat associations of Black-backed Woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus) occupying recently disturbed forests in the Black Hills, South Dakota
    • Rota CT, Rumble MA, Millspaugh JJ, Lehman CP, Kesler DK (2014) Spaceuse and habitat associations of Black-backed Woodpeckers (Picoides arcticus) occupying recently disturbed forests in the Black Hills, South Dakota. For Ecol Manage 313: 161-168.
    • (2014) For Ecol Manage , vol.313 , pp. 161-168
    • Rota, C.T.1    Rumble, M.A.2    Millspaugh, J.J.3    Lehman, C.P.4    Kesler, D.K.5
  • 54
    • 0031444559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonequilibrium dynamics between catastrophic disturbances and old-growth forests in ponderosa pine landscapes of the Black Hills
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96198.x
    • Shinneman D, Baker W (1997) Nonequilibrium dynamics between catastrophic disturbances and old-growth forests in Ponderosa Pine landscapes of the Black Hills. Conserv Biol 11: 1276-1288. (Pubitemid 28017349)
    • (1997) Conservation Biology , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 1276-1288
    • Shinneman, D.J.1    Baker, W.L.2
  • 55
    • 33846407221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire, fuels and restoration of ponderosa pine-Douglas fir forests in the Rocky Mountains, USA
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01592.x
    • Baker WL, Veblen TT, Sherriff RL (2007) Fire, fuels and restoration of ponderosa pine-Douglas fir forests in the Rocky Mountains, USA. J Biogeogr 34: 251-269. (Pubitemid 46143982)
    • (2007) Journal of Biogeography , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 251-269
    • Baker, W.L.1    Veblen, T.T.2    Sherriff, R.L.3
  • 56
    • 84899751758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available:, Accessed 2013 Feb 13
    • USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Forest Health Management (2010) Annual aerial detection overview survey. Available: http://www.fs.usda. gov/detail/r2/forest-grasslandhealth/?cid=fsbdev3-041629. Accessed 2013 Feb 13.
    • (2010) Annual Aerial Detection Overview Survey
  • 57
    • 84899719737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available:, Accessed 2013 Feb 13
    • USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Forest Health Management (2009) Annual aerial detection overview survey. Available: http://www.fs.usda. gov/detail/r2/forest-grasslandhealth/?cid=fsbdev3-041629. Accessed 2013 Feb 13.
    • (2009) Annual Aerial Detection Overview Survey


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.