-
3
-
-
85087535799
-
Silviculture systems, cutting methods, and cultural practices for Black Hills ponderosa pine
-
Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
-
Alexander, R. R. 1987. Silviculture systems, cutting methods, and cultural practices for Black Hills ponderosa pine. General technical report RM-139. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
-
(1987)
General Technical Report RM-139
-
-
Alexander, R.R.1
-
4
-
-
0004183462
-
-
Research paper INT-RP-481 Intermountain Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah
-
Arno, S. F., J. H. Scott, and M. G. Hartwell. 1995. Age-class structure of old growth ponderosa pine/Douglas fir stands and its relationship to fire history. Research paper INT-RP-481. Intermountain Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah.
-
(1995)
Age-class Structure of Old Growth Ponderosa Pine/Douglas Fir Stands and Its Relationship to Fire History
-
-
Arno, S.F.1
Scott, J.H.2
Hartwell, M.G.3
-
5
-
-
0001176005
-
The landscape ecology of large disturbances in the design and management of nature reserves
-
Baker, W. L. 1992a. The landscape ecology of large disturbances in the design and management of nature reserves. Landscape Ecology 7: 181-192
-
(1992)
Landscape Ecology
, vol.7
, pp. 181-192
-
-
Baker, W.L.1
-
6
-
-
0027062153
-
Effects of settlement and fire suppression on landscape structure
-
Baker, W. L. 1992b. Effects of settlement and fire suppression on landscape structure. Ecology 73:1879-1887.
-
(1992)
Ecology
, vol.73
, pp. 1879-1887
-
-
Baker, W.L.1
-
7
-
-
0028159148
-
Restoration of landscape structure altered by fire suppression
-
Baker, W. L. 1994. Restoration of landscape structure altered by fire suppression. Conservation Biology 8:763-769.
-
(1994)
Conservation Biology
, vol.8
, pp. 763-769
-
-
Baker, W.L.1
-
8
-
-
0013658480
-
-
Research paper RM-124 Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ft. Collins, Colorado
-
Boldt, C. E., and J. L. Van Deusen. 1974. Silviculture of ponderosa pine in the Black Hills: the status of our knowledge. Research paper RM-124. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ft. Collins, Colorado.
-
(1974)
Silviculture of Ponderosa Pine in the Black Hills: The Status of Our Knowledge
-
-
Boldt, C.E.1
Van Deusen, J.L.2
-
10
-
-
0344931986
-
Fire history of the southern Black Hills, South Dakota
-
Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Stations, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, and Rapid City, South Dakota
-
Brown, P. M. 1994. Fire history of the southern Black Hills, South Dakota. Final report for cooperative agreement No. 28-C3-776. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Stations, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, and Rapid City, South Dakota.
-
(1994)
Final Report for Cooperative Agreement No. 28-C3-776
-
-
Brown, P.M.1
-
11
-
-
0030502816
-
Fire history in interior ponderosa pine communities of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA
-
Brown, P. M., and C. H. Sieg. 1996 Fire history in interior ponderosa pine communities of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire 6:97-105.
-
(1996)
International Journal of Wildland Fire
, vol.6
, pp. 97-105
-
-
Brown, P.M.1
Sieg, C.H.2
-
12
-
-
0002412008
-
Succession and natural disturbance: Paradigms, problems, and preservation of natural ecosystems
-
J. K. Agee and D. R. Johnson, editors. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington
-
Christensen, N. L. 1988. Succession and natural disturbance: paradigms, problems, and preservation of natural ecosystems. Pages 62-86 in J. K. Agee and D. R. Johnson, editors. Ecosystem management for parks and wilderness. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington.
-
(1988)
Ecosystem Management for Parks and Wilderness
, pp. 62-86
-
-
Christensen, N.L.1
-
13
-
-
0001291485
-
Changes in vegetation, structure, and growth of southwestern pine forests since white settlement
-
Cooper, C. F. 1960. Changes in vegetation, structure, and growth of southwestern pine forests since white settlement. Ecological Monographs 30:129-164.
-
(1960)
Ecological Monographs
, vol.30
, pp. 129-164
-
-
Cooper, C.F.1
-
14
-
-
0002705143
-
Southwestern ponderosa pine forest structure: Changes since Euro-American settlement
-
Covington, W. W., and M. M. Moore. 1994. Southwestern ponderosa pine forest structure: changes since Euro-American settlement. Journal of Forestry 92:39-47.
-
(1994)
Journal of Forestry
, vol.92
, pp. 39-47
-
-
Covington, W.W.1
Moore, M.M.2
-
15
-
-
84953156100
-
Historical and anticipated changes in forest ecosystems in the inland West of the United States
-
R. N. Sampson and D. L. Adams, editors. The Hawthorn Press, New York
-
Covington, W. W., R. L. Everett, R. Steele, L. I. Irwin, T. A. Daer, and A. N. D. Auclair. 1994. Historical and anticipated changes in forest ecosystems in the inland West of the United States. Pages 13-63 in R. N. Sampson and D. L. Adams, editors. Assessing forest ecosystem health of the Inland West. The Hawthorn Press, New York.
-
(1994)
Assessing Forest Ecosystem Health of the Inland West
, pp. 13-63
-
-
Covington, W.W.1
Everett, R.L.2
Steele, R.3
Irwin, L.I.4
Daer, T.A.5
Auclair, A.N.D.6
-
17
-
-
0345363368
-
-
James Miller, Publisher, New York
-
Dodge, I. R. 1876. The Black Hills: a minute description of the routes, scenery, soil, climate, timber, gold, geology, zoology, etc. James Miller, Publisher, New York.
-
(1876)
The Black Hills: A Minute Description of the Routes, Scenery, Soil, Climate, Timber, Gold, Geology, Zoology, Etc.
-
-
Dodge, I.R.1
-
19
-
-
0002090490
-
Old forests in dynamic landscapes: Dry site forests in eastern Oregon and Washington
-
Everett, R., P. Hessburg, J. Lehmkuhl, M. Jensen, and P. Bourgeron. 1994. Old forests in dynamic landscapes: dry site forests in eastern Oregon and Washington. Journal of Forestry 92:22-25.
-
(1994)
Journal of Forestry
, vol.92
, pp. 22-25
-
-
Everett, R.1
Hessburg, P.2
Lehmkuhl, J.3
Jensen, M.4
Bourgeron, P.5
-
23
-
-
0345363367
-
The Black Hills Forest Reserve
-
Forest Reserves. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
-
Graves, H. S. 1899. The Black Hills Forest Reserve. Pages 67-164 in The nineteenth annual report of the survey, 1897-1898. Part V. Forest Reserves. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C.
-
(1899)
The Nineteenth Annual Report of the Survey, 1897-1898. Part V
, pp. 67-164
-
-
Graves, H.S.1
-
24
-
-
0022220727
-
Indian fires in the interior West
-
J. E. Lotan, B. M. Kilgore, W. C. Fischer, and R. W. Mutch, technical editors. Missoula, Montana, November 1983. General technical report INT- 182. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah
-
Gruell, G. E. 1985. Indian fires in the interior West. Pages 68-74 in J. E. Lotan, B. M. Kilgore, W. C. Fischer, and R. W. Mutch, technical editors. Proceedings: symposium and workshop on wilderness fire. Missoula, Montana, November 1983. General technical report INT-182. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah.
-
(1985)
Proceedings: Symposium and Workshop on Wilderness Fire
, pp. 68-74
-
-
Gruell, G.E.1
-
25
-
-
0000243136
-
Protecting biological diversity through the greater ecosystem concept
-
Grumbine, E. 1990. Protecting biological diversity through the greater ecosystem concept. Natural Areas Journal 10:114-120.
-
(1990)
Natural Areas Journal
, vol.10
, pp. 114-120
-
-
Grumbine, E.1
-
26
-
-
0004942491
-
Past and present fire influences on southwestern ponderosa pine old growth
-
M. R. Kaufmann, W. H. Moir, and R. L. Bassett, technical editors. General technical report RM-213. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
-
Harrington, M. G., and S. S. Sackett. 1992. Past and present fire influences on southwestern ponderosa pine old growth. Pages 44-50 in M. R. Kaufmann, W. H. Moir, and R. L. Bassett, technical editors. Old-growth forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions. General technical report RM-213. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
-
(1992)
Old-growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Regions
, pp. 44-50
-
-
Harrington, M.G.1
Sackett, S.S.2
-
27
-
-
0019669758
-
Fire intensity and frequency as factors in the distribution and structure of northern ecosystems
-
H. A. Mooney, T. M. Bonnicksen, N. L. Christensen, J. E. Lotan, and W. A. Reiners, technical editors. General technical report WO-26. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.
-
Heinselman. M. L. 1981. Fire intensity and frequency as factors in the distribution and structure of northern ecosystems. Pages 7-57 in H. A. Mooney, T. M. Bonnicksen, N. L. Christensen, J. E. Lotan, and W. A. Reiners, technical editors. Proceedings of a conference on fire regimes and ecosystem properties. General technical report WO-26. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.
-
(1981)
Proceedings of a Conference on Fire Regimes and Ecosystem Properties
, pp. 7-57
-
-
Heinselman, M.L.1
-
28
-
-
0022173521
-
Fire regimes and management options in ecosystems with large high-intensity fires
-
J. E. Lotan, B. M. Kilgore, W. C. Fischer, and R. W. Mutch, technical editors. General technical report INT-182. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah
-
Heinselman, M. L. 1985. Fire regimes and management options in ecosystems with large high-intensity fires. Pages 101-109 in J. E. Lotan, B. M. Kilgore, W. C. Fischer, and R. W. Mutch, technical editors. Proceedings: symposium and workshop on wilderness fire. General technical report INT-182. Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Ogden, Utah.
-
(1985)
Proceedings: Symposium and Workshop on Wilderness Fire
, pp. 101-109
-
-
Heinselman, M.L.1
-
29
-
-
0003897986
-
-
Research paper RM-276. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
-
Hoffman, G. R., and R. R. Alexander. 1987. Forest vegetation of the Black Hills National Forest of South Dakota and Wyoming: a habitat type classification. Research paper RM-276. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
-
(1987)
Forest Vegetation of the Black Hills National Forest of South Dakota and Wyoming: A Habitat Type Classification
-
-
Hoffman, G.R.1
Alexander, R.R.2
-
30
-
-
85041142498
-
An ecological basis for ecosystem management
-
Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
-
Kaufmann, M. R., R. T. Graham, D. A. Boyce, Jr., W. H. Moir, L. Perry, R. T. Reynolds, R. L. Basset, P. Mehlop, C. B. Edminster, W. M. Block, and P. S. Corn. 1994. An ecological basis for ecosystem management. General technical report RM-246. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
-
(1994)
General Technical Report RM-246
-
-
Kaufmann, M.R.1
Graham, R.T.2
Boyce Jr., D.A.3
Moir, W.H.4
Perry, L.5
Reynolds, R.T.6
Basset, R.L.7
Mehlop, P.8
Edminster, C.B.9
Block, W.M.10
Corn, P.S.11
-
31
-
-
0019714679
-
Fire in ecosystem distribution and structure: Western forests and scrublands
-
H. A. Mooney, T. M. Bonnicksen, N. L. Christensen, J. E. Lotan, and W. A. Reiners, technical editors General technical report WO-26. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.
-
Kilgore, B. M. 1981. Fire in ecosystem distribution and structure: western forests and scrublands. Pages 58-89 in H. A. Mooney, T. M. Bonnicksen, N. L. Christensen, J. E. Lotan, and W. A. Reiners, technical editors. Proceedings of a conference on fire regimes and ecosystem properties. General technical report WO-26. U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.
-
(1981)
Proceedings of a Conference on Fire Regimes and Ecosystem Properties
, pp. 58-89
-
-
Kilgore, B.M.1
-
33
-
-
0002561649
-
Concepts of a forest: Utilitarian and ecosystem perspectives
-
Kolb, T. E., M. R. Wagner, and W. W. Covington. 1994. Concepts of a forest: utilitarian and ecosystem perspectives. Journal of Forestry 92:10-15.
-
(1994)
Journal of Forestry
, vol.92
, pp. 10-15
-
-
Kolb, T.E.1
Wagner, M.R.2
Covington, W.W.3
-
34
-
-
0001778885
-
Wilderness as a land laboratory
-
Leopold, A. 1941. Wilderness as a land laboratory. Living Wilderness 6:3.
-
(1941)
Living Wilderness
, vol.6
, pp. 3
-
-
Leopold, A.1
-
36
-
-
0028978730
-
Disturbance profile: A measure of smallscale disturbance patterns in ponderosa pine stands
-
Lundquist, J. E. 1995. Disturbance profile: a measure of smallscale disturbance patterns in ponderosa pine stands. Forest Ecology and Management 74:49-59.
-
(1995)
Forest Ecology and Management
, vol.74
, pp. 49-59
-
-
Lundquist, J.E.1
-
38
-
-
0003154659
-
Old-growth descriptions for the major forest cover types in the Rocky Mountain region
-
M. R. Kaufmann, W. H. Moir, and R. L. Bassett, technical editors. Proceedings of a workshop. General technical report RM-213. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
-
Mehl, M. S. 1992. Old-growth descriptions for the major forest cover types in the Rocky Mountain region. Pages 106-120 in M. R. Kaufmann, W. H. Moir, and R. L. Bassett, technical editors. Old-growth forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions: the status of our knowledge. Proceedings of a workshop. General technical report RM-213. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
-
(1992)
Old-growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Regions: The Status of Our Knowledge
, pp. 106-120
-
-
Mehl, M.S.1
-
39
-
-
0344931981
-
-
U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey, Rocky Mountain Region. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
-
Newton, H., and W. P. Jenney. 1880. Report of the geology and resources of the Black Hills of Dakota. U.S. Geographical and Geological Survey, Rocky Mountain Region. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
-
(1880)
Report of the Geology and Resources of the Black Hills of Dakota
-
-
Newton, H.1
Jenney, W.P.2
-
40
-
-
84985841341
-
Sustainability and wilderness
-
Noss, R. F. 1991. Sustainability and wilderness. Conservation Biology 5:120-122.
-
(1991)
Conservation Biology
, vol.5
, pp. 120-122
-
-
Noss, R.F.1
-
41
-
-
34250129549
-
Nodes, networks and MUM's: Preserving diversity at all scales
-
Noss, R. F., and L. D. Harris. 1986. Nodes, networks and MUM's: preserving diversity at all scales. Environmental Management 10:299-309.
-
(1986)
Environmental Management
, vol.10
, pp. 299-309
-
-
Noss, R.F.1
Harris, L.D.2
-
42
-
-
0014683041
-
The strategy of ecosystem development
-
Odum, E. P. 1969. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science 164:262-270.
-
(1969)
Science
, vol.164
, pp. 262-270
-
-
Odum, E.P.1
-
45
-
-
0013640284
-
-
Bulletin 616. South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings, South Dakota
-
Progulske, D. R. 1974. Yellow ore, yellow hair, yellow pine: a photographic study of a century of forest ecology. Bulletin 616. South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings, South Dakota.
-
(1974)
Yellow Ore, Yellow Hair, Yellow Pine: A Photographic Study of a Century of Forest Ecology
-
-
Progulske, D.R.1
-
47
-
-
0028553274
-
Nonequilibrium determinants of biological community structure
-
Reice, S. R. 1994. Nonequilibrium determinants of biological community structure. American Scientist 82:424-435.
-
(1994)
American Scientist
, vol.82
, pp. 424-435
-
-
Reice, S.R.1
-
48
-
-
0000762286
-
Landscape diversity: The concept applied to Yellowstone National Park
-
Romme, W. H., and D. H. Knight. 1982. Landscape diversity: the concept applied to Yellowstone National Park. BioScience 32:664-670.
-
(1982)
BioScience
, vol.32
, pp. 664-670
-
-
Romme, W.H.1
Knight, D.H.2
-
49
-
-
84985765979
-
From new perspectives to ecosystem management: Response to Frissell et al. and Lawrence and Murphy
-
Salwasser, H. 1992. From new perspectives to ecosystem management: response to Frissell et al. and Lawrence and Murphy. Conservation Biology 6:469-472.
-
(1992)
Conservation Biology
, vol.6
, pp. 469-472
-
-
Salwasser, H.1
-
50
-
-
84953074354
-
Overview: Assessing forest ecosystem health in the Inland West
-
R. N. Sampson and D. L. Adams, editors. The Hawthorn Press, New York
-
Sampson, R. N., D. L. Adams, S. S. Hamilton, S. P. Mealey, R. Steele, and D. Van De Graaff. 1994. Overview: assessing forest ecosystem health in the Inland West. Pages 3-10 in R. N. Sampson and D. L. Adams, editors. Assessing forest ecosystem health of the inland West. The Hawthorn Press, New York.
-
(1994)
Assessing Forest Ecosystem Health of the Inland West
, pp. 3-10
-
-
Sampson, R.N.1
Adams, D.L.2
Hamilton, S.S.3
Mealey, S.P.4
Steele, R.5
Van De Graaff, D.6
-
51
-
-
0026307762
-
Disturbance, equilibrium, and environmental variability: What is 'natural' vegetation in a changing environment?
-
Sprugel, D. G. 1991. Disturbance, equilibrium, and environmental variability: what is 'natural' vegetation in a changing environment? Biological Conservation 58:1-18.
-
(1991)
Biological Conservation
, vol.58
, pp. 1-18
-
-
Sprugel, D.G.1
-
53
-
-
0000697540
-
Restoring natural fire to the sequoia-mixed conifer forest: Should intense fire play a role?
-
Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahasse, Florida
-
Stephenson, N. L., D. J. Parsons, and T. W. Swetnam. 1991. Restoring natural fire to the sequoia-mixed conifer forest: should intense fire play a role? Pages 221-237 in Proceedings of the 17th Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahasse, Florida.
-
(1991)
Proceedings of the 17th Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference
, pp. 221-237
-
-
Stephenson, N.L.1
Parsons, D.J.2
Swetnam, T.W.3
-
55
-
-
0003491184
-
Natural variability: Implications for ecosystem management
-
M. E. Jensen and P. S. Bourgeron, editors. General technical report PNW-GTR-318. Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Portland, Oregon
-
Swanson, F. J., J. A. Jones, D. O. Wallin, and J. H. Cissel. 1994. Natural variability: implications for ecosystem management. Pages 80-94 in M. E. Jensen and P. S. Bourgeron, editors. Volume II. Ecosystem management: principles and applications. General technical report PNW-GTR-318. Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Portland, Oregon.
-
(1994)
Ecosystem Management: Principles and Applications
, vol.2
, pp. 80-94
-
-
Swanson, F.J.1
Jones, J.A.2
Wallin, D.O.3
Cissel, J.H.4
-
56
-
-
0002629137
-
Oldest known conifers in the southwestern United States: Temporal and spatial patterns of maximum age
-
M. R. Kaufmann, W. H. Moir, and R. L. Basset, technical editors. Proceedings of a workshop. General technical report RM-213. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado
-
Swetnam, T. W., and P. M. Brown. 1992. Oldest known conifers in the southwestern United States: temporal and spatial patterns of maximum age. Pages 24-38 in M. R. Kaufmann, W. H. Moir, and R. L. Basset, technical editors. Old-growth forest in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain regions: the status of our knowledge. Proceedings of a workshop. General technical report RM-213. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado.
-
(1992)
Old-growth Forest in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Regions: The Status of Our Knowledge
, pp. 24-38
-
-
Swetnam, T.W.1
Brown, P.M.2
-
57
-
-
0342670660
-
-
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
-
USFS. 1948. Black Hills National Forest 50th anniversary. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
-
(1948)
Black Hills National Forest 50th Anniversary
-
-
-
59
-
-
0002147146
-
Effects of fire on temperate forests: Western United States
-
T. T. Kozlowski and C. E. Ahlgren, editors. Academic Press, New York
-
Weaver, H. 1974. Effects of fire on temperate forests: western United States. Pages 279-319 in T. T. Kozlowski and C. E. Ahlgren, editors. Fire and ecosystems. Academic Press, New York.
-
(1974)
Fire and Ecosystems
, pp. 279-319
-
-
Weaver, H.1
-
61
-
-
0003738476
-
Forest health in the Blue Mountains: The influence of insects and diseases
-
Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Portland, Oregon
-
Wickman, B. E. 1992. Forest health in the Blue Mountains: the influence of insects and diseases. General technical report PNW-295. Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Portland, Oregon.
-
(1992)
General Technical Report PNW-295
-
-
Wickman, B.E.1
|