Changes in European greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions 1960-2010: Decomposition of determining factors

Climatic Change

Volumn 124, Issue 3, 2014, Pages 477-504

  Rafaj, Peter ^a   Amann, Markus ^a   Siri, José ^a   Wuester, Henning ^b  

^a INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS   (Austria)

^b Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; ECONOMICS; ENERGY POLICY; FUELS; GREENHOUSE GASES; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

AIR POLLUTANT EMISSION; ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION; ECONOMIC GROWTHS; EMISSION LEVEL; ENERGY INTENSITY; ENERGY INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES; PAPER ANALYSIS; WESTERN EUROPE;

POPULATION STATISTICS;

CARBON DIOXIDE; ECONOMIC GROWTH; EMISSION CONTROL; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; FUEL; GREENHOUSE GAS; NITROGEN OXIDES; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

EUROPE;

EID: 84899677430     PISSN: 01650009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10584-013-0826-0     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Amann M (1990) Energy use, emissions, and abatement costs. In: Alcamo J, Shaw R, Hordijk L (eds) The RAINS model of acidification, science and strategies in Europe. IIASA and Kluwer Academic Press, Dodrecht.
2. Amann M, Bertok I, Cofala J, Heyes C, Klimont Z, Rafaj P, Schöpp W, Wagner F (2008) National emission ceilings for 2020 based on the 2008 climate & energy package. NEC scenario analysis report #6. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg.
3. Andreoni J, Levinson A (2001) The simple analytics of the environmental Kuznets curve. J Public Econ 80: 269-286.
4. Ang BW, Zhang FQ (2000) A survey of index decomposition analysis in energy and environmental studies. Energy 25: 1149-1176. doi: 10. 1016/S0360-5442(00)00039-6.
5. Barrett S, Frankel J, Victor D (2006) Climate treaties and "breakthrough" technologies. Am Econ Rev 96: 22-25. doi: 10. 1257/000282806777212332.
6. Borken-Kleefeld J, Ntziachristos L (2012) The potential for further controls of emissions from mobile sources in Europe. TSAP report #4. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg.
7. BP (2012) Statistical review of world energy 2012. London, UK. bp. com/statisticalreview.
8. Bruvoll A, Medin H (2003) Factors behind the environmental Kuznets curve: a decomposition of the changes in air pollution. Environ Resour Econ 24: 27-48.
9. De Bruyn SM, van Den Bergh JCJM, Opschoor JB (1998) Economic growth and emissions: reconsidering the empirical basis of environmental Kuznets curves. Ecol Econ 25: 161-175.
10. Capros P, Mantzos L, Papandreou V, Tasios N (2008) European energy and transport trends to 2030-update 2007. European Commission Directorate-General for Energy and Transport, Brussels.
11. CIAM (2007) Review of the Gothenburg protocol. Report of the task force on integrated assessment modelling and the centre for integrated assessment modelling. Center for Integrated Assessment Modelling, Geneva.
12. Cofala J, Bojarski W (1987) Emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides resulting from the energetic utilization of fuels-the situation in Poland. Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe.
13. Cole MA (2000) Air pollution and "dirty" industries: how and why does the composition of manufacturing output change with economic development? Environ Resour Econ 17: 109-123.
14. Dekker T, Vollebergh HRJ, de Vries FP, Withagen CA (2012) Inciting protocols. J Environ Econ Manag 64: 45-67. doi: 10. 1016/j. jeem. 2011. 11. 005.
15. Dolgopolova I, Hu B, Leopold A, Pickl S (2013) Economic, institutional and technological uncertainties of emissions trading-a system dynamics modeling approach. Clim Chang (this issue).
16. EC (1970) Council directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States on measures to be taken against air pollution by emissions from motor vehicles. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels.
17. EC (2001) Directive 2001/81/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2001 on national emission ceilings for certain atmospheric pollutants. European Parliament and Council, Luxembourg.
18. EC (2007) Regulation No 715/2007 on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels.
19. EC (2008) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. 20 20 by 2020: Europe's climate change opportunity. COM(2008) 30 final. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels.
20. EMEP (2009) Transboundary, acidification, eutrophication and ground level ozone in Europe in 2007. Joint MSC-W & CCC & CEIP report. Norwegian Meterological Institute, Oslo.
21. Grossman GM, Krueger AB (1995) Economic growth and the environment. Q J Econ 110: 353-377.
22. Gruver GW (1976) Optimal investment in pollution control capital in a neoclassical growth context. J Environ Econ Manag 3: 165-177.
23. Hoekstra R, van den Bergh JCJM (2003) Comparing structural and index decomposition analysis. Energy Econ 25: 39-64. doi: 10. 1016/S0140-9883(02)00059-2.
24. Hordijk L, Amann M (2007) How science and policy combined to combat air pollution problems. Environ Policy Law 37: 336-340.
25. IEA (2009a) Energy balances of OECD countries 2009. International Energy Agency, IEA/OECD, Paris.
26. IEA (2009b) Energy balances of non-OECD countries 2009. International energy agency, IEA/OECD, Paris.
27. IEA (2009c) Energy statistics of OECD countries 2009. International Energy Agency, IEA/OECD, Paris.
28. IEA (2009d) Energy statistics of non-OECD countries 2009. International Energy Agency, IEA/OECD, Paris.
29. 2 Emissions from the fuel combustion, 2010th edn. International Energy Agency, IEA/OECD, Paris.
30. Jonas M, Krey V, Wagner F, Marland G, Nahorski Z (2013) Uncertainty in in an emissions constrained world. Clim Chang (this issue).
31. 2 concentrations: reconsidering the environmental Kuznets curve. Ecol Econ 25: 209-220.
32. Kaya Y, Yokobori K (1997) Environment, energy, and economy: strategies for sustainability. United Nations University Press.
33. Kohl WL (1982) After the second oil crisis: energy policies in Europe, America, and Japan. Lexington Books.
34. Kuznets S (1955) Economic growth and income inequality. Am Econ Rev 45: 1-28.
35. Lemoine DM, Fuss S, Szolgayova J, Obersteiner M, Kammen DM (2012) The influence of negative emission technologies and technology policies on the optimal climate mitigation portfolio. Clim Chang 113: 141-162.
36. Lesiv M, Bun A, Jonas M (2013) Analysis of change in relative uncertainty in GHG emissions from stationary sources for the EU 15. Clim Chang (this issue).
37. 2 emissions in selected European countries. Environ Resour Econ 35: 221-257.
38. Mylona S (1996) Sulphur dioxide emissions in Europe 1880-1991 and their effect on sulphur concentrations and depositions. Tellus Ser B Chem Phys Meteorol 48: 662-689.
39. 2 embodied in international trade with implications for global climate policy. Environ Sci Technol 42: 1401-1407. doi: 10. 1021/es072023k.
40. Rafaj P, Amann M, Cofala J, Sander R (2012) Factors determining recent changes of emissions of air pollutants in Europe. TSAP report #2. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg.
41. Salameh MG (2004) Oil crises, historical perspective. Encycl Energy 633-648.
42. Schöpp W, Posch M, Mylona S, Johansson M (2003) Long-term development of acid deposition (1880-2030) in sensitive freshwater regions in Europe. Hydrol Earth Syst Sci 7: 436-446.
43. Selden TM, Song D (1994) Environmental quality and development: is there a kuznets curve for air pollution emissions? J Environ Econ Manag 27: 147-162.
44. Selden TM, Song D (1995) Neoclassical growth, the J curve for abatement, and the inverted U curve for pollution. J Environ Econ Manag 29: 162-168.
45. Shafik N (1994) Economic development and environmental quality: an econometric analysis. Oxf Econ Pap 46: 757-773.
46. Shindell D, Kuylenstierna JCI, Vignati E, van Dingenen R, Amann M, Klimont Z, Anenberg SC, Muller N, Janssens-Maenhout G, Raes F, Schwartz J, Faluvegi G, Pozzoli L, Kupiainen K, Höglund-Isaksson L, Emberson L, Streets D, Ramanathan V, Hicks K, Oanh NTK, Milly G, Williams M, Demkine V, Fowler D (2012) Simultaneously mitigating near-term climate change and improving human health and food security. Science 335: 183-189.
47. Stern DI (2004) The rise and fall of the environmental Kuznets curve. World Dev 32: 1419-1439.
48. Stern DI (2006) Reversal of the trend in global anthropogenic sulfur emissions. Glob Environ Chang 16: 207-220.
49. Stern DI, Common MS (2001) Is there an environmental Kuznets curve for sulfur? J Environ Econ Manag 41: 162-178.
50. UN-ECE (1985) Protocol to the 1979 convention on long-range transboundary air pollution on the reduction of sulphur emissions or their transboundary fluxes by at least 30 per cent. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Helsinki.
51. UN-ECE (1987) National strategies and policies for air pollution abatement. United Nations, New York.
52. UN-ECE (1988) Protocol to the 1979 convention on long-range transboundary air pollution concerning the control of emissions of nitrogen oxides or their transboundary fluxes. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Sofia.
53. UN-ECE (1994) Protocol to the 1979 convention on long-range transboundary air pollution on further reduction of sulphur emissions. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Oslo.
54. UN-ECE (1995) Strategies and policies for air pollution abatement-1994. Major review under the convention on long-range transboundary air pollution. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Geneva.
55. UN-ECE (1999) Protocol to the 1979 convention on long-range transboundary air pollution to abate acidification, eutrophication, and ground-level ozone. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Gothenburg.
56. UNFCCC (1997) Kyoto protocol to the united nations framework convention on climate change. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto.
57. UNFCCC (2009) 2009 GHG inventory submission from flexible GHG data queries. http://unfccc. int/di/FlexibleQueries. do.
58. Vestreng V, Myhre G, Fagerli H, Reis S, Tarrasón L (2007) Twenty-five years of continuous sulphur dioxide emission reduction in Europe. Atmos Chem Phys 7: 3663-3681. doi: 10. 5194/acp-7-3663-2007.
59. 2 in transition economies: emission inventories and Divisia index analysis. Energy J 20: 59-87.
60. Waggoner P, Ausubel J (2002) A framework for sustainability science: a renovated IPAT identity. PNAS 99: 7860-7865.
61. World Bank (2013) Commodity price data. The World Bank Development Prospects Group, Washington.