Balloon-borne and raman lidar observations of asian dust and cirrus cloud properties over Tsukuba, Japan

Journal of Geophysical Research

Volumn 119, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 3295-3308

  Sakai, Tetsu ^a   Orikasa, Narihiro ^a   Nagai, Tomohiro ^a   Murakami, Masataka ^a   Tajiri, Takuya ^a   Saito, Atsushi ^a   Yamashita, Katsuya ^a   Hashimoto, Akihiro ^a  

^a METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BALLOONS; CLOUDS; DUST; ICE; INSTRUMENTS; PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS; TROPOSPHERE; VAPORS;

ASIAN DUST; CIRRUS; EXTINCTION COEFFICIENTS; NONSPHERICAL PARTICLE; PARTICLE DEPOLARIZATION RATIOS; RAMAN LIDAR; RAMAN LIDAR MEASUREMENT; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS;

OPTICAL RADAR;

BACKSCATTER; CIRRUS; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); CRYSTAL; DUST; ICE CRYSTAL; LIDAR; OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; OPTICAL PROPERTY; PARTICLE SIZE; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; RELATIVE HUMIDITY; TEMPERATURE EFFECT; TROPOSPHERE; UPPER ATMOSPHERE; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION;

ASIA; HONSHU; IBARAKI; JAPAN; KANTO; TSUKUBA;

EID: 84898805751     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: 21562202     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2013JD020987     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Adachi, H., T. Shibata, Y. Iwasaka, and M. Fujiwara (2001), Calibration method for the lidar observed stratospheric depolarization ratio in the presence of liquid particles, Appl. Opt., 40, 6587–6595.
2. Ansmann, A., U. Wandinger, M. Riebesell, C. Weitkamp, and W. Michaelis (1992a), Independent measurement of extinction and backscatter profiles in cirrus cloud by using a combined elastic-backscatter lidar, Appl. Opt., 31, 7113–7131.
3. Ansmann, A., M. Riebesell, U. Wandinger, C. Weitkamp, E. Voss, W. Lahmann, and W. Michaelis (1992b), Combined Raman elastic-backscatter LIDAR for vertical profiling of moisture, aerosol extinction, backscatter, and LIDAR ratio, Appl. Phys. B, 55, 18–28.
4. Ansmann, A., I. Mattis, D. Müller, U. Wandinger, M. Radlach, D. Althausen, and R. Damoah (2005), Ice formation in Saharan dust over central Europe observed with temperature/humidity/aerosol Raman lidar, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18S12, doi:10.1029/2004JD005000.
5. Ansmann, A., M. Tesche, D. Althausen, D. Müller, P. Seifert, V. Freudenthaler, B. Heese, M. Wiegner, G. Pisani, and P. Knippertz (2008), Influence of Saharan dust on cloud glaciation in southern Morocco during the Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D04210, doi:10.1029/2007JD008785.
6. Aoki, T., et al. (2005), Spectral albedo of desert surfaces measured in western and central China, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 83A, 315–331.
7. Archuleta, C. M., P. J. DeMott, and S. M. Kreidenweis (2005), Ice nucleation by surrogates for atmospheric mineral dust and mineral dust/sulfate particles at cirrus temperatures, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2617–34.
8. Bailey, M., and J. Hallett (2002), Nucleation effects on the habit of vapor grown ice crystals from –18 to –42°C, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 128, 1461–1483.
9. Bailey, M., and J. Hallett (2004), Growth rates and habits of ice crystals between -20 °C and -70 °C, J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 514–544.
10. 2O Particles, J. Phys. Chem. A, 104, 584–588.
11. Biele, J., G. Beyerle, and G. Baumgarten (2000), Polarization lidar: Corrections of instrumental effects, Optics Express, 7, 427–435.
12. Bohren, C. F., and D. R. Huffman (1983), Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles, pp. 544, Wiley, New York.
13. Cziczo, D. J., K. D. Froyd, C. Hoose, E. J. Jensen, M. Diao, M. A. Zondlo, J. B. Smith, C. H. Twohy, and D. M. Murphy (2013), Clarifying the dominant sources and mechanisms of cirrus cloud formation, Science, 340, 1320–1324.
14. DeMott, P. J., D. J. Cziczo, A. J. Prenni, D. M. Murphy, S. M. Kreidenweis, D. S. Thomson, R. Borys, and D. C. Rogers (2003), Measurements of the concentration and composition of nuclei for cirrus formation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 100, 14,655–14,660.
15. DeMott, P. J., et al. (2008), Ice nuclei measurements in clean through perturbed aerosol conditions: Results from PACDEX and ICE-L, paper presented at 15th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation (ICCP), Cancun, Mexico.
16. Dymarska, M., B. J. Murray, L. Sun, M. L. Eastwood, D. A. Knopf, and A. K. Bertram (2006), Deposition ice nucleation on soot at temperatures relevant for the lower troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D04204, doi:10.1029/2005JD006627.
17. Field, P. R., O. Mohler, P. Connolly, M. Kramer, R. Cotton, A. J. Heymsfield, H. Saathoff, and M. Schnaiter (2006), Some ice nucleation characteristics of Asian and Saharan desert dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 2991–3006.
18. Fujiwara, M., M. Shiotani, F. Hasebe, H. Vömel, S. J. Oltmans, P. W. Ruppert, T. Horinouchi, and T. Tsuda (2003), Performance of the Meteolabor “Snow White” chilled-mirror hygrometer in the tropical troposphere: Comparisons with the Vaisala RS80 A/H-Humicap sensors, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 20, 1534–1542.
19. Hagen, D. E., J. Podzimek, A. J. Heymsfield, M. B. Trueblood, and C. K. Lutrus (1994), Potential role of nuclei in cloud element formation at high altitudes, Atmos. Res., 31, 123–135.
20. Hallett, J. (1996), Freeze frame, Sciences, 36, 22–26.
21. Hara, Y., K. Yumimoto, I. Uno, A. Shimizu, N. Sugimoto, Z. Liu, and D. M. Winker (2009), Asian dust outflow in the PBL and free atmosphere retrieved by NASA CALIPSO and an assimilated dust transport model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1227–1239.
22. Hayashi, M., et al. (1998), Size and number concentration of liquid PSCs: Balloon-borne measurements at Ny-Ålesund, Norway in winter of 1994/95, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 76, 549–560.
23. Higuchi, K., and H. Wushiki (1970), Observations of pre-activated ice nuclei in the atmosphere at subzero temperature, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 48, 250–254.
24. Hoose, C., and O. Möhler (2012), Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmosphwric aerosols: A review of results from laboratory experiments, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 817–9854.
25. Huang, J., P. Minnis, Y. Yi, Q. Tang, X. Wang, Y. Hu, Z. Liu, K. Ayers, C. Trepte, and D. Winker (2007), Summer dust aerosols detected from CALIPSO over the Tibetan Plateau, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L18805, doi:10.1029/2007GL029938.
26. Huang, J., P. Minnis, B. Chen, Z. Huang, Z. Liu, Q. Zhao, Y. Yi, and J. K. Ayers (2008), Long-range transport and vertical structure of Asian dust from CALIPSO and surface measurements during PACDEX, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D23212, doi:10.1029/2008JD010620.
27. Isono, M. K., and A. Ono (1959), The nature and the origin of ice nuclei in the atmosphere, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 37, 211–233.
28. Isono, K., M. Komabayashi, T. Takeda, K. Iwai, and M. Fujiwara (1971), Concentration and nature of ice nuclei in rim of the North Pacific Ocean, Tellus, 23, 40–59.
29. Iwasaka, Y., et al. (2003), Importance of dust particles in the free troposphere over the Taklimakan Desert: Electron microscopic experiments of particles collected with a balloonborne particle impactor at Dunhuang, China, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 8644, doi:10.1029/2002JD003270.
30. Iwasaki, S., et al. (2007), Characteristics of aerosol and cloud particle size distributions in the tropical tropopause layer measured with optical particle counter and lidar, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3507–3518.
31. Kanji, Z. A., and J. P. D. Abbatt (2006), Laboratory studies of ice formation via deposition mode nucleation onto mineral dust and n-hexane soot samples, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D16204, doi:10.1029/2005JD006766.
32. Liou, K. N. (2005), Cirrus clouds and climate, in McGraw-Hill 2005 Yearbook of Science & Technology, pp. 51–53, McGraw-Hill, New York.
33. Liu, Z., N. Sugimoto, and T. Murayama (2002), Extinction-to-backscatter ratio of Asian dust observed with high-spectral-resolution lidar and Raman lidar, Appl. Opt., 41, 2760–2767.
34. Manabe, S., and R. F. Strickler (1964), Thermal equilibrium of the atmosphere with a convective adjustment, J. Atmos. Sci., 21, 361–385.
35. Miloshevich, L. M., H. Vömel, D. N. Whiteman, B. M. Lesht, F. J. Schmidlin, and F. Russo (2006), Absolute accuracy of water vapor measurements from six operational radiosonde types launched during AWEX-G and implications for AIRS validation, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D09S10, doi:10.1029/2005JD006083.
36. Mitchell, D. L., W. P. Arnott, Y. Dong, J. Hallett, and K. Sassen (1993), Are tropical cirrus brighter than mid-latitude cirrus?, Fire Cirrus Conference, pp. 205–208, Breckenridge, Colo.
37. Murakami, M., and T. Matsuo (1990), Development of the hydrometeor videosonde, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 613–620.
38. Murayama, T., et al. (2001), Ground-based network observation of Asian dust events of April 1998 in east Asia, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), 18,345–18,359.
39. Murayama, T., et al. (2003), An intercomparison of lidar-derived aerosol optical properties with airborne measurements near Tokyo during ACE-Asia, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 8651, doi:10.1029/2002JD003259.
40. Nelson, J. (1998), Sublimation of ice crystals, J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 910–919.
41. Orikasa, N., and M. Murakami (1997), A new version of hydrometeor videosonde for cirrus cloud observations, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 75,1033–1039.
42. Orikasa, N., T. Sakai, M. Murakami, A. Saito, T. Tajiri, K. Yamashita, and T. Nagai (2008), Balloonborne observation of cirrus cloud particles and aerosols measured with hydrometeor videosonde, Snow White hygrometer, and optical particle counter, paper presented at 15th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation (ICCP), Cancun, Mexico.
43. Pratt, K. A., P. J. DeMott, J. R. French, Z. Wang, D. L. Westphal, A. J. Heymsfield, C. H. Twohy, A. J. Prenni, and K. A. Prather (2009), In-situ detection of biological particles in cloud ice crystals, Nat. Geosci., 2, 398–401.
44. Pruppacher, H. R., and J. D. Klett (1997), Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation, pp. 954, Kluwer, Dordrecht.
45. Pueschel, R. F., J. M. Livingston, G. V. Ferry, and T. E. DeFelice (1994), Aerosol abundances and optical characteristics in the Pacific Basin free troposphere, Atmos. Environ., 28, 951–960.
46. Richardson, M. S., et al. (2007), Measurements of heterogeneous ice nuclei in the western United States in springtime and their relation to aerosol characteristics, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D02209, doi:10.1029/2006JD007500.
47. Sakai, T., T. Nagai, M. Nakazato, Y. Mano, and T. Matsumura (2003), Ice clouds and Asian dust studied with lidar measurements of particle extinction-to-backscatter ratio, particle depolarization, and water vapor mixing ration over Tsukuba, Appl. Opt., 42, 7103–7116.
48. Sakai, T., T. Nagai, M. Nakazato, T. Matsumura, N. Orikasa, and Y. Shoji (2007), Comparisons of Raman lidar measurements of tropospheric water vapor profiles with radiosondes, hygrometers on meteorological observation tower, and GPS at Tsukuba, Japan, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 24, 1407–1423.
49. Sakai, T., Y. Zaizen, C. Nishita, A. Matsuki, Y. Mano, and K. Okada (2008), Influence of particle nonsphericity on the size distribution measurement of submicrometer mineral dust by use of optical particle counter, J. Aerosol Res. Jpn., 23, 269–277.
50. Sassen, K. (2000), Lidar backscatter depolarization technique for cloud and aerosol research, in Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles: Theory, Measurement and Applications, edited by M. L. Mishchenko, J. W. Hovenier, and L. D. Travis, pp. 393–416, Academic Press, San Diego.
51. Sassen, K. (2005), Dusty ice clouds over Alaska, Nature, 434, 456, doi:10.1038/434456a.
52. Sassen, K., N. C. Knight, Y. Takano, and A. J. Heymsfield (1994), Effects of ice-crystal structure on halo formation: Cirrus cloud experimental and ray-tracing modeling studies, Appl. Opt., 33, 4590–4601.
53. Seifert, P., A. Ansmann, I. Mattis, U. Wandinger, M. Tesche, R. Engelmann, D. Müller, C. Pérez, and K. Haustein (2010), Saharan dust and heterogeneous ice formation: Eleven years of cloud observations at a central European EARLINET site, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D20201, doi:10.1029/2009JD013222.
54. Stith, J. L., and V. Ramanathan (2007), The Pacific Dust Experiment (PaCDEX) Field Campaign: A summary of accomplishments during the field campaign and examples of early results, Eos Trans. AGU, 88(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract A13G-08.
55. Stith, J. L., et al. (2008), An overview of aircraft observations from the PACDEX campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D05207, doi:10.1029/2008JD010924.
56. Takano, Y., and K. Jayaweera (1985), Scattering phase matrix for hexagonal ice crystals computed from ray optics, Appl. Opt., 24, 3254–3263.
57. Takemura, T., H. Okamoto, Y. Maruyama, A. Numaguti, A. Higurashi, and T. Nakajima (2000), Global three-dimensional simulation of aerosol optical thickness distribution of various origins, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17,853–17,873.
58. Takemura, T., T. Nakajima, O. Dubovik, B. N. Holben, and S. Kinne (2002), Single-scattering albedo and radiative forcing of various aerosol species with a global three-dimensional model, J. Clim., 15, 333–352.
59. Takemura, T., T. Nozawa, S. Emori, T. Y. Nakajima, and T. Nakajima (2005), Simulation of climate response to aerosol direct and indirect effects with aerosol transport-radiation model, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D02202, doi:10.1029/2004JD005029.
60. Tobo, Y., Y. Iwasaka, G.-Y. Shi, Y.-S. Kim, T. Ohashi, K. Tamura, and D. Zhang (2007), Balloon-borne observations of high aerosol concentrations near the summertime tropopause over the Tibetan Plateau, Atmos. Res., 84, 233–241.
61. Tsuchiya, M., T. Kasai, M. Hayashi, Y. Iwasaka, and K. Takami (1996), Development of aerosol counter for balloon observation [in Japanese], Trans. Soc. Ind. Control Eng., 32, 290–296.
62. Uno, I., K. Yumimoto, A. Shimizu, Y. Hara, N. Sugimoto, Z. Wang, Z. Liu, and D. M. Winker (2008), 3D structure of Asian dust transport revealed by CALIPSO lidar and a 4DVAR dust model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L06803, doi:10.1029/2007GL032329.
63. Vömel, H., and P. Jeannet (2013), Balloon-borne frostpoint-hygrometry, in Monitoring Atmospheric Water Vapor, edited by N. Kämpfer, pp. 39–53, Springer, New York.
64. Vömel, H., M. Fujiwara, M. Shiotani, F. Hasebe, S. J. Oltmans, and J. E. Barnes (2003), The behavior of the Snow White chilled-mirror hygrometer in extremely dry conditions, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 20, 1560–1567.
65. Wandinger, U. (1998), Multiple-scattering influence on extinction-and backscatter-coefficient measurements with Raman and high-spectral-resolution lidars, Appl. Opt., 37, 417–427.
66. Whiteman, D. N., et al. (2000), Raman lidar measurements of water vapor and cirrus clouds during the passage of hurricane Bonnie, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 5211–5225.
67. Yamato, M., and A. Ono (1989), Chemical and physical properties of stratospheric aerosol particles in the vicinity of tropopause folding, J. Meteor. Soc. Jpn., 67, 147–166.
68. 2O particles with mineral dust immersions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(10), 1504, doi:10.1029/2001GL014289.