Low hemoglobin level a risk factor for acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in children

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2014, Pages

  Hussain, Sheikh Quyoom ^a   Ashraf, Mohd ^a   Wani, Juveria Gull ^b   Ahmed, Javid ^c  

^a G B PANT HOSPITAL   (India)

^b LD Hospital   (India)

^c SHER I KASHMIR INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

Author keywords

ALTRI; Anemia; Children; Iron deficiency; Pneumonia

Indexed keywords

HEMOGLOBIN; IRON;

ANEMIA; ARTICLE; BLOOD CELL COUNT; BLOOD CULTURE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; IRON BINDING CAPACITY; IRON DEFICIENCY; LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; THORAX RADIOGRAPHY;

EID: 84898645119     PISSN: 2249782X     EISSN: 0973709X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/8387.4268     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Bruno de Benoist, Erin McLean, Ines Egli and Mary Cogswell. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005: WHO global database on anaemia. World Health Organization 2008//: [accessed on 25/10/2013].
2. Pasricha SR, Black J, Muthayya S, Shet A, Bhat V, Nagaraj S, et al. Determinants of Anemia Among Young Children in Rural India. Paediatrics.2010; 126: e140-9.
3. Thomas P Green, Susanna A. McColley. Disorders of the lungs and lower airways. In: Richard E. Behrman, Robert Kleigman, Hal B. Jenson, ed. Nelson Text Book of Paediatrics. 17th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders 2004: 1401.
4. Kabra SK. Disorders of repiratory system. In: Paul VK, Bagga A (Eds) Ghai Essential Paediatrics, CBS Publishers and Distributors Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi 2013; pp 371-95.
5. Graham SM, English M, Hazir T, Enarson P. Challenges to improving case management of childhood pneumonia at health facilities in resource-limited setting. Bull WHO. 2008; 86: 349-55.
6. Bryce J, Boschi-Pinto C, Shibuya K. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet. 2005; 365: 1147-52.
7. Jackson S, Mathews KH, Pulani D, Falconer R, Rudan I, Campbel H, et al. Risk factors for severe acute lower respiratory infections in children - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Croat Med J. 2013; 54: 110-21.
8. Kotecka PV. Nutritional Anemia in Young Children with Focus on Asia and India. Indian J Community Med. 2011; 36: 8-16.
9. Latham M. Human Nutrition in the Developing World. Food and Agricultural. Available at: http://www.fao.org/ DOCREP/W0073e/w0073e00.htm. [accessed on Dec.15,2013].
10. WHO, 2001. Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention and Control. A1. Guide for Programme Managers. Available at: http://www.who.int/nutrition/ publications/micronutrients/anaemia_iron_deficiency/WHO_NHD_01.3/en/index. htm [accessed on on Dec.15,2013].
11. Koch A, Molbak K, Homoe P, Sorensen P, Hjuler T, Olesen ME, et al. Pedersen FK, Olsen OR, Melbye M: Risk factors for acute respiratory tract infections in young Greenlandic children. Am J Epidemiol. 2003; 158: 374-84.
12. Malla T, Pathak OK, Malla KK. Is low haemoglobin level a risk factor for lower respiratory tract infection. Indian J Pediatr. 2006; 73: 881-3.
13. Ramakrishnan K, Harish PS. Hemoglobin level as a risk factor for lower respiratory tract infections. Indian J Pediatr. 2006; 73: 881-3.
14. Mourad S, Rajab M, Alameddine A, Fares M, Ziade F, Abou Merhi B. Hemoglobin level as a risk factor for lower respiratory infections in Lebanese children. North Am J Med Sci. 2010; 2: 461-6.
15. De-Silva A, Atukorola S, Weevasighel. Iron supplementation improves iron status and reduces morbidity in children with or without URTI. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77: 234-41.
16. Oppenheimer SJ. Iron and Its Relation to Immunity and Infectious Disease. J. Nutr. 2001; 131: 616S-35.
17. Canonne-Hergaux F, Gruenheid S, Govoni, G. Gros, P. The NRAMP protein and its role in resistance to infection and macrophage function. Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians. 1999; 111:283-9.
18. Cantwell, RJ. Iron deficiency anemia of infancy. Some clinical principles illustrated by the response of Maori infants to neonatal parenteral iron administration. Clin. Pediatr. 1972; II: 443-9.
19. Ganong WF. Gas transport between the lungs and the tissues. Review of Medical Physiology: 22nd ed. New York; Mc Graw-Hill, 2005; 666-9.
20. Mateos F, Brock JH, Perez-Arellanoa JL. Iron metabolism in the lower respiratory tract. Thorax.1998; 53: 594-600.