메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 143-151

Anthocyanins, thiols, and antioxidant scavenging enzymes are involved in Lemna gibba tolerance to arsenic

Author keywords

Antioxidant enzymes; Aquatic plant; Phytoremediation; Thiol

Indexed keywords


EID: 84898412935     PISSN: 17429145     EISSN: 17429153     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2013.784815     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (65)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 84904479294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Handbookof plant nutrition. (Books in soils, plants and the environment)
    • In: Haneklaus S, Bloem E, Schnug E., Kok LJ, Stulen I, Pilbeam DJ, editors, Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis; p. 183-277
    • Allen A.B. 2007. Handbookof plant nutrition. (Books in soils, plants and the environment). In: Haneklaus S, Bloem E, Schnug E., Kok LJ, Stulen I, Pilbeam DJ, editors, Sulfur. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis; p. 183-277.
    • (2007) Sulfur.
    • Allen, A.B.1
  • 2
    • 0029177962 scopus 로고
    • Changes in isozyme profiles of catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase during acclimation to chilling in mesocotylus of maize seedlings
    • Anderson M. D, Prasad TK, Stewart CR. 1995. Changes in isozyme profiles of catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase during acclimation to chilling in mesocotylus of maize seedlings. Plant Physiol. 109:1247-1257.
    • (1995) Plant Physiol. , vol.109 , pp. 1247-1257
    • Anderson, M.D.1    Prasad, T.K.2    Stewart, C.R.3
  • 3
    • 59349101850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc protects Ceratophyllum demersum L. (free-floatinghydrophyte) against reactive oxygen species induced by cadmium
    • Aravind P., Prasada MNV, Malecb P, Qaloszek A, Strzalka K. 2009. Zinc protects Ceratophyllum demersum L. (free-floatinghydrophyte) against reactive oxygen species induced by cadmium. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 23:50-60.
    • (2009) J Trace Elem Med Biol. , vol.23 , pp. 50-60
    • Aravind, P.1    Prasada, M.N.V.2    Malecb, P.3    Qaloszek, A.4    Strzalka, K.5
  • 4
    • 0001844190 scopus 로고
    • Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts: Polyphenoloxydase in Beta vulgaris
    • Arnon D.I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts: polyphenoloxydase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 24:1-15.
    • (1949) Plant Physiol. , vol.24 , pp. 1-15
    • Arnon, D.I.1
  • 5
    • 0015153416 scopus 로고
    • Superoxide dismutase: Improved assays and assay applicable to acrylamide Gels
    • Beauchamp C., Fridovich I. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and assay applicable to acrylamide Gels. Anal Biochem. 44:276-287.
    • (1971) Anal Biochem. , vol.44 , pp. 276-287
    • Beauchamp, C.1    Fridovich, I.2
  • 6
    • 0036119297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide production in isolated cells and subcellular organelles
    • Boveris A., Alvarez S, Bustamante J, Valdez L. 2002. Measurement of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide production in isolated cells and subcellular organelles. Method Enzymmol. 105:280-287.
    • (2002) Method Enzymmol. , vol.105 , pp. 280-287
    • Boveris, A.1    Alvarez, S.2    Bustamante, J.3    Valdez, L.4
  • 7
    • 0017184389 scopus 로고
    • A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding
    • Bradford M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 72:248-254.
    • (1976) Anal Biochem. , vol.72 , pp. 248-254
    • Bradford, M.M.1
  • 8
    • 0022272480 scopus 로고
    • Glutathione reductase
    • In: Meister A., editor. New York: Academic Press
    • Carlberg C., Mannervik B. 1985. Glutathione reductase. In: Meister A., editor. Methods in enzymology. New York: Academic Press; p. 488-495.
    • (1985) Methods in enzymology. , pp. 488-495
    • Carlberg, C.1    Mannervik, B.2
  • 11
    • 77957006400 scopus 로고
    • Assay of catalases and peroxidases
    • Chance B., Maehley AC. 1955. Assay of catalases and peroxidases. Methods Enzymol. 2:764-775.
    • (1955) Methods Enzymol. , vol.2 , pp. 764-775
    • Chance, B.1    Maehley, A.C.2
  • 12
    • 0016505538 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of phosphatase of intact maize roots
    • Clark R.B. 1975. Characterization of phosphatase of intact maize roots. J Agric Food Chem. 23:458-460.
    • (1975) J Agric Food Chem. , vol.23 , pp. 458-460
    • Clark, R.B.1
  • 13
    • 33947309537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins extracted from litchi (Litchi chinenesis Sonn.) fruit pericarp tissues in relation to their role in the pericarp browning
    • Duan X., Jiang Y, Su X, Zhang Z, Shi J. 2007. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins extracted from litchi (Litchi chinenesis Sonn.) fruit pericarp tissues in relation to their role in the pericarp browning. Food Chem. 101:1365-1371.
    • (2007) Food Chem. , vol.101 , pp. 1365-1371
    • Duan, X.1    Jiang, Y.2    Su, X.3    Zhang, Z.4    Shi, J.5
  • 14
    • 0037090524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of arsenic uptake from aqueous solution by interaction with goethite, lepidocrocite, mackinawite, and pyrite: An X-ray absorption spectroscopy study
    • Farquhar M., Charnock J, Livens F, Vaughan DJ. 2002. Mechanisms of arsenic uptake from aqueous solution by interaction with goethite, lepidocrocite, mackinawite, and pyrite: an X-ray absorption spectroscopy study. Environ Sci Technol. 36:1757-1762.
    • (2002) Environ Sci Technol. , vol.36 , pp. 1757-1762
    • Farquhar, M.1    Charnock, J.2    Livens, F.3    Vaughan, D.J.4
  • 15
    • 0034633296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical evaluation of the effect of sorbitol on the ferric-xylenol orange hydroperoxide assay
    • Gay C., Gebicki JM. 2000. A critical evaluation of the effect of sorbitol on the ferric-xylenol orange hydroperoxide assay. Anal Biochem. 284:217-220.
    • (2000) Anal Biochem. , vol.284 , pp. 217-220
    • Gay, C.1    Gebicki, J.M.2
  • 18
    • 84904468602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenate and arsenite: The toxic effects on photosynthesis and growth of lettuce plants
    • Gusman G. S, Alves JA, Farnese FS, Cambraia J. 2012. Arsenate and arsenite: the toxic effects on photosynthesis and growth of lettuce plants. Acta Physiol Plant. 2012:1-9.
    • (2012) Acta Physiol Plant. , vol.2012 , pp. 1-9
    • Gusman, G.S.1    Alves, J.A.2    Farnese, F.S.3    Cambraia, J.4
  • 19
    • 0001588508 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and developmental characterization of multiple forms of catalase in tobacco leaves
    • Havir E. A, McHale NA. 1987. Biochemical and developmental characterization of multiple forms of catalase in tobacco leaves. Plant Physiol. 84:450-455.
    • (1987) Plant Physiol. , vol.84 , pp. 450-455
    • Havir, E.A.1    McHale, N.A.2
  • 20
  • 21
    • 14644437789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the concentration of phenolic compounds and exudation induced by phosphate deficiency in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
    • Juszczuk I. M, Wiktorowska A, Malusá E, Rychter AM. 2004. Changes in the concentration of phenolic compounds and exudation induced by phosphate deficiency in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Plant Soil. 267:41-49.
    • (2004) Plant Soil. , vol.267 , pp. 41-49
    • Juszczuk, I.M.1    Wiktorowska, A.2    Malusá, E.3    Rychter, A.M.4
  • 22
    • 29044440705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of propagation material on some quality attributes of strawberry fruit (Fragarria ananassa, var. Selva)
    • Kamperidou I., Vasilakakis M. 2006. Effect of propagation material on some quality attributes of strawberry fruit (Fragarria ananassa, var. Selva). Sci Hortic. 107:137-142.
    • (2006) Sci Hortic. , vol.107 , pp. 137-142
    • Kamperidou, I.1    Vasilakakis, M.2
  • 23
    • 0000379882 scopus 로고
    • Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities during rice leaf senencence
    • Kar M., Mishra D. 1976. Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities during rice leaf senencence. Plant Physiol. 57:315-319.
    • (1976) Plant Physiol. , vol.57 , pp. 315-319
    • Kar, M.1    Mishra, D.2
  • 24
    • 0001015272 scopus 로고
    • Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase in seedlings and leaves of maize (Zea mays)
    • Koshiba T. 1993. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase in seedlings and leaves of maize (Zea mays). Plant Cell Physiol. 34:713-721.
    • (1993) Plant Cell Physiol. , vol.34 , pp. 713-721
    • Koshiba, T.1
  • 25
    • 0037236505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aluminium effects on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in rice leaves
    • Kuo M. C, Kao CH. 2003. Aluminium effects on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in rice leaves. Biol Plantarum. 46:149-152.
    • (2003) Biol Plantarum. , vol.46 , pp. 149-152
    • Kuo, M.C.1    Kao, C.H.2
  • 26
    • 77950542718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complexation of arsenit with phytochelatins reduces arsenite efflux and translocation from roots to shoots in Arabidopsis
    • Liu W., Wood BA, Raab A, McGrath SP, Zhao F, Feldmann J. 2010. Complexation of arsenit with phytochelatins reduces arsenite efflux and translocation from roots to shoots in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 152:2211-2221.
    • (2010) Plant Physiol. , vol.152 , pp. 2211-2221
    • Liu, W.1    Wood, B.A.2    Raab, A.3    McGrath, S.P.4    Zhao, F.5    Feldmann, J.6
  • 27
    • 79955079246 scopus 로고
    • Effect of dimethylarsenic acid (DMAA) on growth, tissue arsenic and photosynthesis in rice plants
    • Marin A. R, Pezeshki SR, Masscheleyn PH, Choi HS. 1993. Effect of dimethylarsenic acid (DMAA) on growth, tissue arsenic and photosynthesis in rice plants. J Plant Nut. 16:865-880.
    • (1993) J Plant Nut. , vol.16 , pp. 865-880
    • Marin, A.R.1    Pezeshki, S.R.2    Masscheleyn, P.H.3    Choi, H.S.4
  • 28
    • 0036852070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arsenate toxicity: Effects on oxidative stress response molecules and enzymes in red clover plants
    • Mascher R., Lippman B, Holzinger S, Bergmann H. 2002. Arsenate toxicity: effects on oxidative stress response molecules and enzymes in red clover plants. Plant Sci. 163:961-969.
    • (2002) Plant Sci. , vol.163 , pp. 961-969
    • Mascher, R.1    Lippman, B.2    Holzinger, S.3    Bergmann, H.4
  • 29
    • 26844483763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of nonprotein thiol pools and accumulated Cd or Hg in the marine macrophyte Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile
    • Maserti B. E, Ferrillo V, Avdis O, Nesti U, Garbo AD, Catsik A., Maestrini PL. 2005. Relationship of nonprotein thiol pools and accumulated Cd or Hg in the marine macrophyte Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile. Aquat Toxicol. 75:288-292.
    • (2005) Aquat Toxicol. , vol.75 , pp. 288-292
    • Maserti, B.E.1    Ferrillo, V.2    Avdis, O.3    Nesti, U.4    Garbo, A.D.5    Catsik, A.6    Maestrini, P.L.7
  • 31
    • 0003157909 scopus 로고
    • Alteration of thiol pool in roots and shoots of maize seedlings exposed to cadmium
    • Meuwly P., Rauser WE. 1992. Alteration of thiol pool in roots and shoots of maize seedlings exposed to cadmium. Plant Physiol. 99:8-15.
    • (1992) Plant Physiol. , vol.99 , pp. 8-15
    • Meuwly, P.1    Rauser, W.E.2
  • 32
    • 38549157089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiol metabolism and antioxidant systems complement each other during arsenate detoxification in Ceratophyllum demersum L
    • Mishra S., Srivastava S, Tripathi RD, Trivedi PK. 2008. Thiol metabolism and antioxidant systems complement each other during arsenate detoxification in Ceratophyllum demersum L. Aquat Toxicol. 86: 205-215.
    • (2008) Aquat Toxicol. , vol.86 , pp. 205-215
    • Mishra, S.1    Srivastava, S.2    Tripathi, R.D.3    Trivedi, P.K.4
  • 33
    • 10344253793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of arsenic in Lemna gibba L. (duckweed) in tailing waters of two abandoned uranium mining sites in Saxony, Germany
    • Mkandawire M., Dudel EG. 2005. Accumulation of arsenic in Lemna gibba L. (duckweed) in tailing waters of two abandoned uranium mining sites in Saxony, Germany. Sci Total Environ. 336:81-89.
    • (2005) Sci Total Environ. , vol.336 , pp. 81-89
    • Mkandawire, M.1    Dudel, E.G.2
  • 34
    • 10344245652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capacity of Lemna gibba L. (duckweed) for uranium and arsenic phytoremediation in mine tailing waters
    • Mkandawire M., Taubert B, Dudel EG. 2004. Capacity of Lemna gibba L. (duckweed) for uranium and arsenic phytoremediation in mine tailing waters. Int J Phytor. 6:1-16.
    • (2004) Int J Phytor. , vol.6 , pp. 1-16
    • Mkandawire, M.1    Taubert, B.2    Dudel, E.G.3
  • 35
    • 33746517492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limitations of growth-parameters in Lemna gibba bioassays for arsenic and uranium under variable phosphate availability
    • Mkandawire M., Taubert B, Dudel EG. 2006. Limitations of growth-parameters in Lemna gibba bioassays for arsenic and uranium under variable phosphate availability. Ecotox Environ Safety. 65:118-128.
    • (2006) Ecotox Environ Safety. , vol.65 , pp. 118-128
    • Mkandawire, M.1    Taubert, B.2    Dudel, E.G.3
  • 36
    • 0035128771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane lipid peroxidation, nitrogen fixation and leghemoglobin content in soybean root nodules
    • Mohammadi M., Karr AL. 2001. Membrane lipid peroxidation, nitrogen fixation and leghemoglobin content in soybean root nodules. J Plant Physiol. 158:9-19.
    • (2001) J Plant Physiol. , vol.158 , pp. 9-19
    • Mohammadi, M.1    Karr, A.L.2
  • 37
    • 75949122364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of Pistia stratiotesto heavy metals (Cr, Ni and Zn) and phosphorous
    • Mufarrege M. M, Hadad HR, Maine MA. 2010. Response of Pistia stratiotesto heavy metals (Cr, Ni and Zn) and phosphorous. Arch Environ Con Tox. 58:53-61.
    • (2010) Arch Environ Con Tox. , vol.58 , pp. 53-61
    • Mufarrege, M.M.1    Hadad, H.R.2    Maine, M.A.3
  • 38
    • 0010282460 scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts
    • Nakano Y., Asada K. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol. 22:867-880.
    • (1981) Plant Cell Physiol. , vol.22 , pp. 867-880
    • Nakano, Y.1    Asada, K.2
  • 39
    • 0001719419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aluminum effects on lipid peroxidation and on activities of enzymes of oxidative metabolism in sorghum
    • Peixoto P. HP, Cambraia J, Sant'ana R, Mosquim PR, Moreira M.A. 1999. Aluminum effects on lipid peroxidation and on activities of enzymes of oxidative metabolism in sorghum. Rev Brasil Fisiol Veg. 11: 137-143.
    • (1999) Rev Brasil Fisiol Veg. , vol.11 , pp. 137-143
    • Peixoto, P.H.P.1    Cambraia, J.2    Sant'ana, R.3    Mosquim, P.R.4    Moreira, M.A.5
  • 41
    • 79955071247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of arsenate-induced toxicity on growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and total content of phenolic compounds of Azolla filiculoides
    • Sanchez-Viveros G., Ferrera-Cerrato R, Alarcon A. 2011. Effects of arsenate-induced toxicity on growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and total content of phenolic compounds of Azolla filiculoides. Water Air Soil Poll. 217:455-462.
    • (2011) Water Air Soil Poll. , vol.217 , pp. 455-462
    • Sanchez-Viveros, G.1    Ferrera-Cerrato, R.2    Alarcon, A.3
  • 42
    • 8744296509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc
    • SAS Institute Inc., 2004. SAS/STAT† 9.1 User's guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
    • (2004) SAS/STAT† 9.1 User's guide.
  • 43
    • 69749092206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The accumulation of arsenic, uranium and boron in Lemna gibba L. exposed to secondary effluents
    • Sasmaz A., Obek E. 2009. The accumulation of arsenic, uranium and boron in Lemna gibba L. exposed to secondary effluents. Ecol Eng. 35:1564-1567.
    • (2009) Ecol Eng. , vol.35 , pp. 1564-1567
    • Sasmaz, A.1    Obek, E.2
  • 44
    • 0014428865 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of total, protein bound, and non-protein sulphydryl groups in tissue by Ellmans's reagent
    • Sedlak J., Lindsay RH. 1968. Estimation of total, protein bound, and non-protein sulphydryl groups in tissue by Ellmans's reagent. Anal Biochem. 25:192-208.
    • (1968) Anal Biochem. , vol.25 , pp. 192-208
    • Sedlak, J.1    Lindsay, R.H.2
  • 45
    • 84870448548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and antioxidative defense mechanism in plants under stressful conditions
    • Sharma P., Jha AB, Dubey RS, Pessarakli M. 2012. Reactive oxygen species, oxidative damage, and antioxidative defense mechanism in plants under stressful conditions. J Bot. 2012:1-26.
    • (2012) J Bot. , vol.2012 , pp. 1-26
    • Sharma, P.1    Jha, A.B.2    Dubey, R.S.3    Pessarakli, M.4
  • 46
    • 0001322505 scopus 로고
    • Properties and functions of glutathione reductase in plants
    • Smith I. K, Vierheller TL, Thorne CA. 1989. Properties and functions of glutathione reductase in plants. Plant Physiol. 77:449-456.
    • (1989) Plant Physiol. , vol.77 , pp. 449-456
    • Smith, I.K.1    Vierheller, T.L.2    Thorne, C.A.3
  • 47
    • 50349084167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amelioration of municipal sludge by Pistia stratiotes L.: Role of antioxidant enzymes in detoxification of metals
    • Tewari A., Singh R, Singh NK, Rai UN. 2008. Amelioration of municipal sludge by Pistia stratiotes L.: Role of antioxidant enzymes in detoxification of metals. Bioresource Technol. 18:8715-8721.
    • (2008) Bioresource Technol. , vol.18 , pp. 8715-8721
    • Tewari, A.1    Singh, R.2    Singh, N.K.3    Rai, U.N.4
  • 48
    • 84872406077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silicon mediates arsenic tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through lowering of arsenic uptake and improved antioxidant defence system
    • Tripathi P., Tripathi R, Singh RP, Dwivedi S, Goutam D, Shri M., Trivedi PK, Chakrabarty D. 2013. Silicon mediates arsenic tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through lowering of arsenic uptake and improved antioxidant defence system. Ecol Eng. 52:96-103.
    • (2013) Ecol Eng. , vol.52 , pp. 96-103
    • Tripathi, P.1    Tripathi, R.2    Singh, R.P.3    Dwivedi, S.4    Goutam, D.5    Shri, M.6    Trivedi, P.K.7    Chakrabarty, D.8
  • 49
    • 1242322122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of arsenic species and phosphorus on arsenic absorption, arsenate reduction and thiol formation in excised parts of Pteris vittata L
    • Tu S., Ma LQ, MacDonald GE, Bondada B. 2004. Effects of arsenic species and phosphorus on arsenic absorption, arsenate reduction and thiol formation in excised parts of Pteris vittata L. Environm Exp Bot. 51:121-131.
    • (2004) Environm Exp Bot. , vol.51 , pp. 121-131
    • Tu, S.1    Ma, L.Q.2    McDonald, G.E.3    Bondada, B.4
  • 50
  • 51
    • 67349096271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the potential of biological treatment for arsenic contaminated soils and groundwater
    • Wang S., Zhao X. 2009. On the potential of biological treatment for arsenic contaminated soils and groundwater. J Environm Mg. 90:2367-2376.
    • (2009) J Environm Mg. , vol.90 , pp. 2367-2376
    • Wang, S.1    Zhao, X.2
  • 52
    • 0028007844 scopus 로고
    • The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution
    • Wellburn A.R. 1994. The spectral determination of chlorophylls a and b, as well as total carotenoids, using various solvents with spectrophotometers of different resolution. J Plant Physiol. 144:307-313.
    • (1994) J Plant Physiol. , vol.144 , pp. 307-313
    • Wellburn, A.R.1
  • 53
    • 36148953328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive oxygen species metabolism during the cadmium hyperaccumulation of a new hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii (Crassulaceae)
    • Zang Z., Qiu B. 2007. Reactive oxygen species metabolism during the cadmium hyperaccumulation of a new hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii (Crassulaceae). J Environ Sci. 19:1311-1317.
    • (2007) J Environ Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 1311-1317
    • Zang, Z.1    Qiu, B.2
  • 54
    • 84862827387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytochelatins play a key role in arsenic accumulation and tolerance in aquatic macrophyte Wolffia globosa
    • Zhang X., Uroic MK, Xie W, Zhu Y, Chen B, McGrath S, Feldmann J., Zhao F. 2012. Phytochelatins play a key role in arsenic accumulation and tolerance in aquatic macrophyte Wolffia globosa. Environ Pollut. 165: 18-24.
    • (2012) Environ Pollut. , vol.165 , pp. 18-24
    • Zhang, X.1    Uroic, M.K.2    Xie, W.3    Zhu, Y.4    Chen, B.5    McGrath, S.6    Feldmann, J.7    Zhao, F.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.