Cardiac reactivity to and recovery from acute stress: Temporal associations with implicit anxiety

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Volumn 92, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 85-91

  Verkuil, Bart ^a   Brosschot, Jos F ^a   Thayer, Julian F ^b  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Heart rate variability; Implicit; Perseverative cognition; Stress; Unconscious

Indexed keywords

ACUTE STRESS; ADULT; ANXIETY; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; IMPLICIT ANXIETY; IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST; MALE; MOOD CHANGE; NAMED INVENTORIES, QUESTIONNAIRES AND RATING SCALES; NORMAL HUMAN; PUBLIC SPEAKING; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; STATE TRAIT ANXIETY INVENTORY; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; YOUNG ADULT; LIFE EVENT; MENTAL STRESS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERSONALITY; PHYSIOLOGY;

ANXIETY; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MALE; PERSONALITY; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84898058126     PISSN: 01678760     EISSN: 18727697     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.03.002     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Bagiella E., Sloan R.P., Heitjan D.F. Mixed-effects models in psychophysiology. Psychophysiology 2000, 37:13-20.
2. Bargh J., Morsella E. The unconscious mind. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2008, 3:73-79.
3. Bar-Haim Y., Lamy D., Pergamin L., Bakermans-Kranenburg M.J., Van IJzendoorn M.H. Threat-related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals: a meta-analytic study. Psychol. Bull. 2007, 133:1-24.
4. Brosschot J.F. Markers of chronic stress: prolonged physiological activation and (un)conscious perseverative cognition. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2010, 35:46-50.
5. Brosschot J.F., Benschop R.J., Godaert G.L., de Smet M.B., Olff M., Heijnen C.J., Ballieux R.E. Effects of experimental psychological stress on distribution and function of peripheral blood cells. Psychosom. Med. 1992, 54:394-406.
6. Brosschot J.F., Verkuil B., Thayer J.F. Conscious and unconscious perseverative cognition: is a large part of prolonged physiological activity due to unconscious stress?. J. Psychosom. Res. 2010, 69:407-416.
7. Chambers A.S., Allen J.J.B. Sex differences in cardiac vagal control in a depressed sample: implications for differential cardiovascular mortality. Biol. Psychol. 2007, 75:32-36.
8. Chen H.C., Yang C.C.H., Kuo T.B.J., Su T.P., Chou P. Gender differences in the relationship between depression and cardiac autonomic function among community elderly. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 2010, 25:314-322.
9. Chida Y., Steptoe A. Greater cardiovascular responses to laboratory mental stress are associated with poor subsequent cardiovascular risk status: a meta-analysis of prospective evidence. Hypertens 2010, 55:1026-1032.
10. Creemers D., Scholte R., Engels R., Pieters S., Wiers R. Acute stress increases implicit depression and decreases implicit self-esteem. J. Exp. sychopathol. 2013, 4:118-132.
11. Egloff B., Schmukle S.C. Predictive validity of an implicit association test for assessing anxiety. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2002, 83:1441-1455.
12. Egloff B., Wilhelm F.H., Neubauer D.H., Mauss I.B., Gross J.J. Implicit anxiety measure predicts cardiovascular reactivity to an evaluated speaking task. Emotion 2002, 2:3-11.
13. Friedman B.H. An autonomic flexibility-neurovisceral integration model of anxiety and cardiac vagal tone. Biol. Psychol. 2007, 74:185-199.
14. Gamelin F.X., Berthoin S.E.R.G., Bosquet L.A.U. Validity of the Polar S810 heart rate monitor to measure R-R intervals at rest. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006, 38:887-893.
15. Garcia R.G., Zarruk J.G., Guzman J.C., Barrera C., Pinzon, Trillos E., et al. Sex differences in cardiac autonomic function of depressed young adults. Biol. Psychol. 2012, 90:179-185.
16. Gendolla G.H.E. Implicit affect primes effort: a theory and research on cardiovascular response. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2012, 86:123-135.
17. Gendolla G.H.E., Richter M., Silvia P.J. Self-focus and task difficulty effects on effort-related cardiovascular reactivity. Psychophysiology 2008, 45:653-662.
18. Glashouwer K., De Jong P.J. Disorder-specific automatic self-associations in depression and anxiety: results of The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Psychol. Med. 2010, 40:1101-1111.
19. Glashouwer K., De Jong P.J., Penninx B.W.J.H. Prognostic value of implicit and explicit self-associations for the course of depressive and anxiety disorders. Behav. Res. Ther. 2012, 50:479-486.
20. Greenwald A.G., Nosek B., Banaji M.R. Understanding and using the implicit association test: I. An improved scoring algorithm. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2003, 85:197-216.
21. Gump B.B., Matthews K.A. Vigilance and cardiovascular reactivity to subsequent stressors in men: a preliminary study. Health Psychol. 1998, 17:93-96.
22. Hillebrand S., Gast K.B., de Mutsert R., Swenne C.A., Jukema J.W., Middeldorp S., et al. Heart rate variability and first cardiovascular event in populations without known cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis and dose-response meta-regression. Europace 2013, 15:742-749.
23. Hull J.G., Slone L.B., Meteyer K.B., Matthews A.R. The nonconsciousness of self-consciousness. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2002, 83:406-424.
24. Imai K., Sato H., Hori M., Kusuoka H., Ozaki H., Yokoyama H., et al. Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated in athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 1994, 24:1529-1535.
25. Kaye D.M., Esler M.D. Autonomic control of the aging heart. NeuroMolecular Med. 2008, 10:179-186.
26. Kirschbaum C., Pirke K.M., Hellhammer D.H. The 'Trier Social Stress Test'-a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology 1993, 28:76-81.
27. Lane R.D. Neural substrates of implicit and explicit emotional processes: a unifying framework for psychosomatic medicine. Psychosom. Med. 2008, 70:214-231.
28. Levy B.R., Hausdorff J.M., Hencke R., Wiel J.Y. Reducing cardiovascular stress with positive self-stereotypes of aging. J. Gerontol. 2000, 55:205-213.
29. Llabre M.M., Spitzer S.B., Saab P.G., Schneiderman N. Piecewise latent growth curve modeling of systolic blood pressure reactivity and recovery from the cold pressor test. Psychophysiology 2001, 38:951-960.
30. McEwen B.S. Mood disorders and allostatic load. Biol. Psychiatry 2003, 54:200-207.
31. Mitte K. Memory bias for threatening information in anxiety and anxiety disorders: a meta-analytic review. Psychol. Bull. 2008, 134:886-911.
32. Nausheen B., Gidron Y., Gregg A., Tissarchondou H.S., Peveler R. Loneliness, social support and cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory stress. Stress 2007, 10:37-44.
33. Niskanen J.P., Tarvainen M.P., Ranta-Aho P.O., Karjalainen P.A. Software for advanced HRV analysis. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 2004, 76:73-81.
34. Penttilä J., Helminen A., Jartti T., Kuusela T., Huikuri H.V., Tulppo M.P., et al. Time domain, geometrical and frequency domain analysis of cardiac vagal outflow: effects of various respiratory patterns. Clin. Physiol. 2001, 21:365-376.
35. Pieper S., Brosschot J.F. Prolonged stress-related cardiovascular activation: Is there any?. Ann. Behav. Med. 2005, 30:91-103.
36. Quirin M., Kazén M., Rohrmann S., Kuhl J. Implicit but not explicit affectivity predicts circadian and reactive cortisol: using the implicit positive and negative affect test. J. Pers. 2009, 77:401-425.
37. Roest A.M., Martens E.J., de Jonge P., Denollet J. Anxiety and risk of incident coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2010, 56:38-46.
38. Saboul D., Pialoux V., Hautier C. The impact of breathing on HRV measurements: implications for the longitudinal follow-up of athletes. Eur. J. Sport Sci. 2013, 3:534-542.
39. Scherer K.R. Unconscious processes in emotions: the bulk of the iceberg. Emotion and Consciousness 2005, 312-334. Guildford, New York. L. Feldman Barrett, P.M. Niedenthal, P. Winkielman (Eds.).
40. Schmukle S.C., Egloff B. Does the implicit association test for assessing anxiety measure trait and state variance?. Eur. J. Pers. 2004, 18:483-494.
41. Schmukle S.C., Egloff B. A latent state-trait analysis of implicit and explicit personality measures. Eur. J. Psychol. Assess. 2005, 21:100-107.
42. Shinba T., Kariya N., Matsui Y., Ozawa N., Matsuda Y., Yamamoto K.I. Decrease in heart rate variability response to task is related to anxiety and depressiveness in normal subjects. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2008, 62:603-609.
43. Silvestrini N., Gendolla G.H.E. Do not prime too much: prime frequency effects of masked affective stimuli on effort-related cardiovascular response. Biol. Psychol. 2011, 87:195-199.
44. Silvia P.J. Mirrors, masks, and motivation: Implicit and explicit self-focused attention influence effort-related cardiovascular reactivity. Biol. Psychol. 2012, 90:192-201.
45. Steptoe A., Marmot M. Impaired cardiovascular recovery following stress predicts 3-year increases in blood pressure. J. Hypertens. 2005, 23:529-536.
46. Thayer J.F., Lane R.D. The role of vagal function in the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Biol. Psychol. 2007, 74:224-242.
47. Thayer J.F., Smith M., Rossy L., Sollers J.J., Friedman B.H. Heart period variability and depressive symptoms: gender differences. Biol. Psychiatry 1998, 44:304-306.
48. Thayer J.F., Hansen A.L., Johnsen B.H. The non-invasive assessment of autonomic influences on the heart using impedance cardiography and heart rate variability. Handbook of Behavioral Medicine 2010, 723-740. Springer, New York. A. Steptoe (Ed.).
49. Tomaka J., Blascovich J., Kelsey R.M., Leitten C.L. Subjective, physiological, and behavioral effects of threat and challenge appraisal. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 1993, 65:248-260.
50. Van Bockstaele B., Verschuere B., Koster E.H.W., Tibboel H., De Houwer J., Crombez G. Differential predictive power of self report and implicit measures on behavioural and physiological fear responses to spiders. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2011, 79:166-174.
51. Van der Ploeg P.B., Defares H.M., Spielberger C.D. Handleiding bij de Zelf-Beoordelings Vragenlijst 1980, ZBV: Een Nederlandstalige bewerking van de Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Swets and Zeitlinger, Lisse.
52. Verkuil B., Brosschot J.F., Thayer J.F. Capturing worry in daily life: Are trait questionnaires sufficient?. Behav. Res. Ther. 2007, 45:1835-1844.
53. Verkuil B., Brosschot J.F., Borkovec T.D., Thayer J.F. Acute autonomic effects of experimental worry and cognitive problem solving: why worry about worry?. Int. J. Clin. Health Psychol. 2009, 9:439-453.
54. Verkuil B., Brosschot J.F., De Beurs D.P., Thayer J.F. Effects of explicit and implicit perseverative cognition on cardiac recovery after cognitive stress. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2009, 74:220-228.
55. Verkuil B., Brosschot J.F., Marques A.H., Sternberg E.M., Thayer J.F. Impact of momentary assessed depressive symptoms on circadian heart rate variability: a focus on gender differences. Psychosom. Med. 2011, 73:A115.