메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 995-1004

Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from birds of prey in Portugal are genetically distinct from those isolated from water environments and gulls in Portugal, Spain and Sweden

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COLUMBA; ESCHERICHIA COLI; RAPTORES;

EID: 84898057757     PISSN: 14622912     EISSN: 14622920     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12231     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (37)

References (45)
  • 1
    • 82055183949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe (1997-2009)
    • Adriaenssens, N., Coenen, S., Versporten, A., Muller, A., Minalu, G., Faes, C., etal. (2011) European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): outpatient antibiotic use in Europe (1997-2009). J Antimicrob Chemother 66: vi47-vi56.
    • (2011) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.66
    • Adriaenssens, N.1    Coenen, S.2    Versporten, A.3    Muller, A.4    Minalu, G.5    Faes, C.6
  • 2
    • 67650132752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissemination of Escherichia coli with CTX-M type ESBL between humans and yellow-legged gulls in the south of France
    • Bonnedahl, J., Drobni, M., Gauthier-Clerc, M., Hernandez, J., Granholm, S., Kayser, Y., etal. (2009) Dissemination of Escherichia coli with CTX-M type ESBL between humans and yellow-legged gulls in the south of France. PLoS ONE 4: e5958.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Bonnedahl, J.1    Drobni, M.2    Gauthier-Clerc, M.3    Hernandez, J.4    Granholm, S.5    Kayser, Y.6
  • 3
    • 77955681405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization, and comparison, of human clinical and 1 black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus) ESBL-producing isolates from Kalmar, South-East coast of Sweden
    • Bonnedahl, J., Drobni, P., Johansson, A., Hernandez, J., Melhus, Å., Stedt, J., etal. (2010) Characterization, and comparison, of human clinical and 1 black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus) ESBL-producing isolates from Kalmar, South-East coast of Sweden. J Antimicrob Chemother 65: 1939-1944.
    • (2010) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.65 , pp. 1939-1944
    • Bonnedahl, J.1    Drobni, P.2    Johansson, A.3    Hernandez, J.4    Melhus, A.5    Stedt, J.6
  • 4
    • 80052637443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential pathogenicity and host range of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy poultry
    • Bortolaia, V., Larsen, J., Damborg, P., and Guardabassi, L. (2011) Potential pathogenicity and host range of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy poultry. Appl Environ Microbiol 77: 5830-5833.
    • (2011) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.77 , pp. 5830-5833
    • Bortolaia, V.1    Larsen, J.2    Damborg, P.3    Guardabassi, L.4
  • 5
    • 0000691932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family Lardae (Gulls)
    • In Del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., and Sargatal, J. (eds). Barcelona: Lynx Edicions
    • Burger, A., and Gochfeld, M. (1996) Family Lardae (Gulls). In Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 3, Hoatzin to Auks. Del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., and Sargatal, J. (eds). Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 572-599.
    • (1996) Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 3, Hoatzin to Auks , pp. 572-599
    • Burger, A.1    Gochfeld, M.2
  • 6
    • 34547828223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplex PCR for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in ESBL-producing enterobacterial isolates
    • Cattoir, V., Poirel, L., Rotimi, V., Soussy, C.J., and Nordmann, P. (2007) Multiplex PCR for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in ESBL-producing enterobacterial isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 60: 394-397.
    • (2007) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.60 , pp. 394-397
    • Cattoir, V.1    Poirel, L.2    Rotimi, V.3    Soussy, C.J.4    Nordmann, P.5
  • 7
    • 59749091684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbificans Strains of Human Origin
    • Cavaco, L.M., Hasman, H., Xia, S., and Aarestrup, F.M. (2009) qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbificans Strains of Human Origin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53: 603-608.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 603-608
    • Cavaco, L.M.1    Hasman, H.2    Xia, S.3    Aarestrup, F.M.4
  • 8
    • 84874857609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-First Informational Supplement
    • CLSI Wayne, PA, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
    • CLSI (2012) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-First Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100-S21. Wayne, PA, USA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
    • (2012) CLSI document M100-S21
  • 10
    • 77951551888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of potentially pathogenic antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli strains from chicken and pig farms in Spain
    • Cortés, P., Blanc, V., Mora, A., Dahbi, G., Blanco, J.E., López, C., etal. (2010) Isolation and characterization of potentially pathogenic antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli strains from chicken and pig farms in Spain. Appl Environ Microbiol 76: 2799-2805.
    • (2010) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.76 , pp. 2799-2805
    • Cortés, P.1    Blanc, V.2    Mora, A.3    Dahbi, G.4    Blanco, J.E.5    López, C.6
  • 11
    • 33845351908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of Escherichia coli harbouring extended-spectrum beta lactamases of the CTX-M, TEM and SHV classes in faecal samples of wild animals in Portugal
    • Costa, D., Poeta, P., Sáenz, Y., Vinué, L., Rojo-Bezares, B., Jouini, A., etal. (2006) Detection of Escherichia coli harbouring extended-spectrum beta lactamases of the CTX-M, TEM and SHV classes in faecal samples of wild animals in Portugal. J Antimicrob Chemother 58: 1311-1312.
    • (2006) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.58 , pp. 1311-1312
    • Costa, D.1    Poeta, P.2    Sáenz, Y.3    Vinué, L.4    Rojo-Bezares, B.5    Jouini, A.6
  • 12
    • 84898058894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESAC - European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption ESAC Yearbook [WWW document] URL
    • ESAC - European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (2009) ESAC Yearbook [WWW document] URL http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/activities/surveillance/esac-net/publications/documents/esac_yearbook_2009.pdf.
    • (2009)
  • 14
  • 15
    • 78751704569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential pattern of antimicrobial resistance in population subsets of Escherichia coli isolated from waste- and surface waters
    • Figueira, V., Serra, E., and Manaia, C.M. (2011a) Differential pattern of antimicrobial resistance in population subsets of Escherichia coli isolated from waste- and surface waters. Sci Total Environ 409: 1017-1023.
    • (2011) Sci Total Environ , vol.409 , pp. 1017-1023
    • Figueira, V.1    Serra, E.2    Manaia, C.M.3
  • 16
    • 80053107626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity and antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas spp. in drinking and waste water treatment plants
    • Figueira, V., Vaz-Moreira, I., Silva, M., and Manaia, C.M. (2011b) Diversity and antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas spp. in drinking and waste water treatment plants. Water Res 45: 5599-5611.
    • (2011) Water Res , vol.45 , pp. 5599-5611
    • Figueira, V.1    Vaz-Moreira, I.2    Silva, M.3    Manaia, C.M.4
  • 17
    • 84855830349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure, virulence potential and antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Northwest England
    • Gibreel, T.M., Dodgson, A.R., Cheesbrough, J., Fox, A.J., Bolton, F.J., and Upton, M. (2011) Population structure, virulence potential and antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Northwest England. J Antimicrob Chemother 67: 346-356.
    • (2011) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.67 , pp. 346-356
    • Gibreel, T.M.1    Dodgson, A.R.2    Cheesbrough, J.3    Fox, A.J.4    Bolton, F.J.5    Upton, M.6
  • 18
    • 84858627058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli of human and avian origin: detection of clonal groups associated with fluoroquinolone and multidrug resistance in Italy
    • Giufrè, M., Graziani, C., Accogli, M., Luzzi, I., Busani, L., and Cerguetti, M. (2012) Escherichia coli of human and avian origin: detection of clonal groups associated with fluoroquinolone and multidrug resistance in Italy. J Antimicrob Chemother 67: 860-867.
    • (2012) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.67 , pp. 860-867
    • Giufrè, M.1    Graziani, C.2    Accogli, M.3    Luzzi, I.4    Busani, L.5    Cerguetti, M.6
  • 19
    • 0036148363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type II Topoisomerase Quinolone resistance-determining regions of Aeromonas caviae, A. hydrophila, and A. sobria complexes and mutations associated with Quinolone resistance
    • Goñi-Urriza, M., Arpin, C., Capdepuy, M., Dubois, V., Caumette, P., and Quentin, C. (2002) Type II Topoisomerase Quinolone resistance-determining regions of Aeromonas caviae, A. hydrophila, and A. sobria complexes and mutations associated with Quinolone resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46: 350-359.
    • (2002) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.46 , pp. 350-359
    • Goñi-Urriza, M.1    Arpin, C.2    Capdepuy, M.3    Dubois, V.4    Caumette, P.5    Quentin, C.6
  • 20
    • 51649120558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assigning Escherichia coli strains to phylogenetic groups: multi-locus sequence typing versus the PCR triplex method
    • Gordon, D.M., Clermont, O., Tolley, H., and Denamur, E. (2008) Assigning Escherichia coli strains to phylogenetic groups: multi-locus sequence typing versus the PCR triplex method. Environ Microbiol 10: 2484-2496.
    • (2008) Environ Microbiol , vol.10 , pp. 2484-2496
    • Gordon, D.M.1    Clermont, O.2    Tolley, H.3    Denamur, E.4
  • 21
    • 84871735739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparable high rates of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in birds of prey from Germany and Mongolia
    • Guenther, S., Aschenbrenner, K., Stamm, I., Bethe, A., Semmler, T., Stubbe, A., etal. (2012) Comparable high rates of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in birds of prey from Germany and Mongolia. PLoS ONE 7: e53039.
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7
    • Guenther, S.1    Aschenbrenner, K.2    Stamm, I.3    Bethe, A.4    Semmler, T.5    Stubbe, A.6
  • 22
    • 77954707306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 as the major cause of serious multidrug-resistant E. coli infections in the United States
    • Johnson, J.R., Johnston, B., Clabots, C., Kuskowski, M.A., and Castanheira, M. (2010) Escherichia coli sequence type ST131 as the major cause of serious multidrug-resistant E. coli infections in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 51: 286-294.
    • (2010) Clin Infect Dis , vol.51 , pp. 286-294
    • Johnson, J.R.1    Johnston, B.2    Clabots, C.3    Kuskowski, M.A.4    Castanheira, M.5
  • 23
    • 84879352863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study simultaneously exploring the carriage of APEC virulence associated genes and the molecular epidemiology of faecal and systemic E. coli in commercial broiler chickens
    • Kemmett, K., Humphrey, T., Rushton, S., Close, A., Wigley, P., and Williams, N.J. (2013) A longitudinal study simultaneously exploring the carriage of APEC virulence associated genes and the molecular epidemiology of faecal and systemic E. coli in commercial broiler chickens. PLoS ONE 25: e67749.
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.25
    • Kemmett, K.1    Humphrey, T.2    Rushton, S.3    Close, A.4    Wigley, P.5    Williams, N.J.6
  • 24
    • 0034774995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of reduced susceptibility and resistance to Fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli in Taiwan and contributions of distinct selective pressures
    • McDonald, L.C., Chen, F.J., Lo, H.J., Yin, H.-C., Lu, P.-L., Huang, C.-H., etal. (2001) Emergence of reduced susceptibility and resistance to Fluoroquinolones in Escherichia coli in Taiwan and contributions of distinct selective pressures. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45: 3084-3091.
    • (2001) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 3084-3091
    • McDonald, L.C.1    Chen, F.J.2    Lo, H.J.3    Yin, H.-C.4    Lu, P.-L.5    Huang, C.-H.6
  • 26
    • 77955663982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing antibiotic resistance burden in municipal wastewater treatment plants
    • Novo, A., and Manaia, C.M. (2010) Factors influencing antibiotic resistance burden in municipal wastewater treatment plants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 87: 1157-1166.
    • (2010) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol , vol.87 , pp. 1157-1166
    • Novo, A.1    Manaia, C.M.2
  • 27
    • 84873523628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial residues and bacterial community composition in urban wastewater
    • Novo, A., André, S., Viana, P., Nunes, O.C., and Manaia, C.M. (2013) Antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial residues and bacterial community composition in urban wastewater. Water Res 47: 1875-1887.
    • (2013) Water Res , vol.47 , pp. 1875-1887
    • Novo, A.1    André, S.2    Viana, P.3    Nunes, O.C.4    Manaia, C.M.5
  • 28
    • 67349086612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Spain belong to a large variety of multilocus sequence typing types, including ST10 complex/A, ST23 complex/A and ST131/B2
    • Oteo, J., Diestra, K., Juan, C., Bautista, V., Novais, A., Pérez-Vázquez, M., etal. (2009) Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Spain belong to a large variety of multilocus sequence typing types, including ST10 complex/A, ST23 complex/A and ST131/B2. Int J Antimicrob Agents 34: 173-176.
    • (2009) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.34 , pp. 173-176
    • Oteo, J.1    Diestra, K.2    Juan, C.3    Bautista, V.4    Novais, A.5    Pérez-Vázquez, M.6
  • 29
    • 77953686108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AmpC beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli: emergence of CMY-2-producing virulent phylogroup D isolates belonging mainly to STs 57, 115, 354, 393, and 420, and phylogroup B2 isolates belonging to the international clone O25b-ST131
    • Oteo, J., Cercenado, E., Cuevas, O., Bautista, V., Delgado-Iribarren, A., Orden, B., etal. (2010) AmpC beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli: emergence of CMY-2-producing virulent phylogroup D isolates belonging mainly to STs 57, 115, 354, 393, and 420, and phylogroup B2 isolates belonging to the international clone O25b-ST131. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 67: 270-276.
    • (2010) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.67 , pp. 270-276
    • Oteo, J.1    Cercenado, E.2    Cuevas, O.3    Bautista, V.4    Delgado-Iribarren, A.5    Orden, B.6
  • 30
    • 33750597138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence in the United States of aac(6′)-Ib-cr encoding a ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme
    • Park, C.H., Robicsek, A., Jacoby, G., Sahm, D., and Hooper, D.C. (2006) Prevalence in the United States of aac(6′)-Ib-cr encoding a ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50: 3953-3955.
    • (2006) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.50 , pp. 3953-3955
    • Park, C.H.1    Robicsek, A.2    Jacoby, G.3    Sahm, D.4    Hooper, D.C.5
  • 31
    • 34447264727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli
    • Périchon, B., Courvalin, P., and Galimand, M. (2007) Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51: 2464-2469.
    • (2007) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 2464-2469
    • Périchon, B.1    Courvalin, P.2    Galimand, M.3
  • 32
    • 84879461379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking Pathogen transmission at the human-wildlife interface: banded mongoose and Escherichia coli
    • ISBN 1612-9210. doi: 10.1007/s10393-013-0838-2
    • Pesapane, R., Ponder, M., and Alexander, K. (2013) Tracking Pathogen transmission at the human-wildlife interface: banded mongoose and Escherichia coli. EcoHealth 10: ISBN 1612-9210. doi: 10.1007/s10393-013-0838-2.
    • (2013) EcoHealth , vol.10
    • Pesapane, R.1    Ponder, M.2    Alexander, K.3
  • 33
    • 77953623590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-containing Escherichia coli isolates from birds of prey from Serra da Estrela Natural Reserve in Portugal
    • Pinto, L., Radhouani, H., Coelho, C., Martins da Costa, P., Simões, R.R., Igrejas, G., etal. (2010) Genetic detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-containing Escherichia coli isolates from birds of prey from Serra da Estrela Natural Reserve in Portugal. Appl Environ Microbiol 76: 4118-4120.
    • (2010) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.76 , pp. 4118-4120
    • Pinto, L.1    Radhouani, H.2    Coelho, C.3    Martins da Costa, P.4    Simões, R.R.5    Igrejas, G.6
  • 34
    • 57149083480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gulls of the Berlengas natural reserve of Portugal as carriers of fecal Escherichia coli harboring CTX-M and TEM extended-spectrum beta-lactamases
    • Poeta, P., Radhouani, H., Igrejas, G., Gonçalves, A., Carvalho, C., Rodrigues, J., etal. (2008) Gulls of the Berlengas natural reserve of Portugal as carriers of fecal Escherichia coli harboring CTX-M and TEM extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Appl Environ Microbiol 74: 7439-7441.
    • (2008) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.74 , pp. 7439-7441
    • Poeta, P.1    Radhouani, H.2    Igrejas, G.3    Gonçalves, A.4    Carvalho, C.5    Rodrigues, J.6
  • 35
    • 84873433431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes spread into the environment: a review
    • Rizzo, L., Manaia, C., Merlin, C., Schwartz, T., Dagot, C., and Ploy, M.C. (2013) Urban wastewater treatment plants as hotspots for antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes spread into the environment: a review. Sci Total Environ 447: 345-360.
    • (2013) Sci Total Environ , vol.447 , pp. 345-360
    • Rizzo, L.1    Manaia, C.2    Merlin, C.3    Schwartz, T.4    Dagot, C.5    Ploy, M.C.6
  • 36
    • 30044445411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme: a new adaptation of a common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase
    • Robicsek, A., Strahilevitz, J., Jacoby, G.A., Macielag, M., Abbanat, D., Park, C.H., etal. (2006) Fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme: a new adaptation of a common aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Nat Med 12: 83-88.
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , pp. 83-88
    • Robicsek, A.1    Strahilevitz, J.2    Jacoby, G.A.3    Macielag, M.4    Abbanat, D.5    Park, C.H.6
  • 38
    • 73949088814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gulls and beaches as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli
    • Simões, R.R., Poirel, L., Da Costa, P.M., and Nordmann, P. (2010) Gulls and beaches as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Emerg Infect Dis 16: 110-112.
    • (2010) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.16 , pp. 110-112
    • Simões, R.R.1    Poirel, L.2    Da Costa, P.M.3    Nordmann, P.4
  • 41
    • 34547702305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity and population structure of Escherichia coli isolated from freshwater beaches
    • Walk, S.T., Alm, E.W., Calhoun, L.M., Mladonicky, J.M., and Whittam, T.S. (2007) Genetic diversity and population structure of Escherichia coli isolated from freshwater beaches. Environ Microbiol 9: 2274-2288.
    • (2007) Environ Microbiol , vol.9 , pp. 2274-2288
    • Walk, S.T.1    Alm, E.W.2    Calhoun, L.M.3    Mladonicky, J.M.4    Whittam, T.S.5
  • 43
    • 66149096176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis
    • Wang, M., Guo, Q., Xu, X., Wang, X., Ye, X., Wu, S., etal. (2009) New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53: 1892-1897.
    • (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.53 , pp. 1892-1897
    • Wang, M.1    Guo, Q.2    Xu, X.3    Wang, X.4    Ye, X.5    Wu, S.6
  • 44
    • 0031687472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • gyrA mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in eight species of Enterobacteriaceae
    • Weigel, L.M., Steward, C.D., and Tenover, F.C. (1998) gyrA mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in eight species of Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42: 2661-2667.
    • (1998) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.42 , pp. 2661-2667
    • Weigel, L.M.1    Steward, C.D.2    Tenover, F.C.3
  • 45
    • 84898057731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex and virulence in Escherichia coli: an evolutionary perspective. [WWW document] URL
    • Wirth, T., Falush, D., Lan, R., Colles, F., Mensa, P., Wieler, L.H., etal. (2006) Sex and virulence in Escherichia coli: an evolutionary perspective. [WWW document] URL http://mlst.ucc.ie/mlst/dbs/Ecoli.
    • (2006)
    • Wirth, T.1    Falush, D.2    Lan, R.3    Colles, F.4    Mensa, P.5    Wieler, L.H.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.