Problems and issues in laser beam welding of aluminum-lithium alloys

Journal of Manufacturing Processes

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 166-175

  Xiao, Rongshi ^a   Zhang, Xinyi ^a  

^a BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

Al Li alloys; Laser beam welding; Mechanical properties; Microstructure; Weld defects

Indexed keywords

AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS; ALUMINUM; ALUMINUM ALLOYS; CRACKS; LASER BEAM WELDING; LITHIUM; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; WELDS;

ADVANCED JOINING; AL-LI ALLOYS; ALUMINUM LITHIUM ALLOY; ALUMINUM LITHIUMS; FATIGUE CRACKS; SPECIFIC STRENGTH; WELD DEFECTS; WELD MICROSTRUCTURES;

LITHIUM ALLOYS;

EID: 84898001210     PISSN: 15266125     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2013.10.005     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. F. Vollertsen, J. Schumacher, K. Schneider, and T. Seefeld Innovative welding strategies for the manufacture of large aircraft Weld World 48 2004 231 247
2. K.H. Rengdigs Aluminium structures used in aerospace-status and prospects Mater Sci Forum 242 1997 11 24
3. J.N. Fridlyander, N.I. Kolobnev, L.B. Khokhlatova, K.H. Rendigs, G. Tempus, and A. Haszler et al. Structure and properties of sheets of 1424 alloy Mater Sci Forum 331 2000 1393 1398
4. A.Y. Ishchenko High-strength aluminium alloys for welded structures in the aircraft industry Weld Int 19 2005 173 185
5. K.T.V. Rao, and R.O. Ritchie Fatigue of aluminium-lithium alloys Int Mater Rev 37 1992 153 185
6. W.E. Quist, G.H. Narayanan, and A.L. Wingert Aluminum-lithium alloys for aircraft structure-an overview Metall Soc AIME 31 1984 3 334
7. L.B. Khokhlatova, V.I. Lukin, N.I. Kolobnev, E.N. Ioda, A.V. Bazeskin, and V.P. Lavrenchuk Advanced aluminium-lithium 1420 alloy for welded structures for aerospace technology Weld Int 24 2010 783 786
8. A. Kostrivas, and J.C. Lippold Weldability of Li-bearing aluminium alloys Int Mater Rev 44 1999 217 237
9. J.L. Enrique, and J.G. Nicholas Review aluminum-lithium alloys J Mater Sci 22 1987 1521 1529
10. J.L. Canaby, F. Blazy, and J.F. Fries Effects of high temperature surface reaction of aluminum-lithium alloy on the porosity of welded areas Mater Sci Eng 136 1991 131 139
11. J.C. Ion Laser beam welding of wrought aluminium alloys Sci Technol Weld Join 5 2000 265 276
12. J.C. Williams, and E.A. Starke Progress in structural materials for aerospace systems Acta Mater 51 2003 5775 5799
13. B. Brenner, J. Standfuss, D. Dittrich, B. Winderlich, J. Liebscher, and J. Hackius Laser beam welding of aircraft fuselage structures Proc ICALEO 2008 838 845
14. H.P. Mueller, S. Ferstl, M. Sengotta, and R. Lang Laser beam welding of high stressed, complex aircraft structural parts Proc SPIE 4831 2003 438 441
15. J. Schumacher, I. Zerner, G. Neye, and K. Thormann Laser beam welding of aircraft fuselage panels Proc ICALEO 1 2002 159 168
16. C.S. Lin Laser welding of Al-Li sheet joints Aerospace Eng 8 1988 23 25
17. T.J. Langan, and J.R. Pickens Identification of strengthening phases in Al-Cu-Li alloy Weldatite TM 049 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Al-Li Alloys Williamsburg 1989 691 700
18. I.J. Polmear Recent developments in light alloys Mater Trans JIM 37 1996 12 31
19. R.K. Gupta, N. Nayan, and G. Nagasireesha Development and characterization of Al-Li alloys Mater Sci Eng 420 2006 228 234
20. R.S. Xiao Laser beam welding of aluminum alloys Proc SPIE 2008 6825
21. N. Han, H.Z. Zhang, and R.S. Xiao Threshold characterization for laser penetration welding Chinese J Laser 35 2008 311 315
22. H. Hügel, A. Ru, beta, J. Weberpals, and F. Dausinger Welding with the thin disc laser-new processing and application potentials Proc SPIE 5958 2005 1 12
23. R. Jan, P.R. Howell, and R.P. Martukanitz Optimizing the parameters for laser beam welding of aluminum-lithium alloy 2195 Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Trends in Welding Research 1996 329 334
24. 2 laser welding Proc SPIE V3888 2000 34 45
25. Y. Kawahito, M. Mizutani, and S. Katayama Elucidation of high-power fiber laser welding phenomena of stainless steel and effect of factors on weld geometry J Phys D: Appl Phys 40 2007 5854 5859
26. 2 laser welding Proc ICALEO 2000 C7:15
27. 2 laser welding: effect of shielding gas on porosity formation J Laser Appl 12 2000 245 250
28. 2 laser welding J Laser Appl 22 2010 43 47
29. G.M. Weyl Physics of laser-induced breakdown 1989 Marcel Dekker Inc. New York
30. 2 laser-plume interaction in materials processing J Appl Phys 89 2001 681 688
31. T.C. Zuo Laser materials processing of high strength aluminum alloys 2008 National Defense Industry Press Beijing
32. Y. Kawahito, N. Matsumoto, M. Mizutani, and S. Katayama Characterisation of plasma induced during high power fibre laser welding of stainless steel Sci Technol Weld Join 13 2008 744 748
33. Y. Kawahito, K. Kinoshita, and N. Matsumoto Effect of weakly ionized plasma on penetration of stainless steel weld produced with ultra high power density fiber laser Sci Technol Weld Join 13 2008 749 753
34. M.M. Collur, and T. DebRoy Emisssion spectroscopy of plasma during laser welding of AISI 201 stainless steel Metall Trans: B 20 1989 277 286
35. W. Sokolowski, G. Herziger, and E. Beyer Spectroscopic study of laser-induced plasma in the welding process of steel and aluminium Proc SPIE 1132 1989 288 296
36. Y. Zhang, L.J. Li, and G. Zhang Spectroscopic measurements of plasma inside the keyhole in deep penetration laser welding J Phys D: Appl Phys 38 2005 703 710
37. 2 laser Proc SPIE 1279 1990 118 126
38. H.C. Peebles, and R.L. Willianson The role of the metal vapor plume in pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of aluminum 1100 Proc LAMP 1987 19 24
39. A.J. Russo, R.L. Akau, and D.M. Keicher An electrostatic probe for laser beam welding diagnostics Weld J 6 1989 230 235
40. 2 laser penetration welding Chinese J Laser A25 1998 1045 1050
41. T.J. Rockstroh, and J. Mazumder Spectroscopic studies of plasma during CW laser materials interaction J Appl Phys 61 1987 917 923
42. 2 lasers J Phys D: Appl Phys 28 1995 2430 2442
43. 2 laser materials processing Chinese J Laser B7 1998 550 554
44. V.V. Semak, R.J. Steele, P.W. Fuerschbach, and B.K. Damkroger Role of beam absorption in plasma during laser welding J Phys D: Appl Phys 33 2000 1179 1185
45. 2 laser penetration welding Chinese J Laser A24 1997 461 466
46. 2 laser welds in the Al-Li based alloy 8090 J Mater Sci 28 1993 5469 5478
47. R.S. Xiao, W.X. Yang, and K. Chen Porosity characterization in laser welds of Al-Li alloy1420 Appl Laser 27 2007 13 17
48. K. Chen, W.X. Yang, and R.S. Xiao Direct laser welding for Al-Li alloy plate without prior surface cleaning Laser Eng 22 2012 361 369
49. 2 laser beam and gas tungsten arc welds in Al-Li-Cu alloy 2195 J Mater Sci Lett 15 1996 208 213
50. J. Zhang, J.G. Shan, J.L. Ren, and P. Wen Reducing the porosity in die-cast magnesium alloys during laser welding Weld J 92 2013 101 109
51. P.N. Anyalebechi Analysis of the effects of alloying elements on hydrogen solubility in liquid aluminum alloys Scripta Metall Mater 33 1995 1209 1216
52. A. Matsunawa, M. Mizutani, S. Katayama, and N. Seto Porosity formation mechanism and its prevention in laser welding Weld Int 17 2003 431 437
53. N. Seto, S. Katayama, and A. Matsunawa Porosity formation mechanism and suppression procedure in laser welding of aluminium alloys Weld Int 15 2001 191 202
54. R. Fabbro, and K. Chouf Keyhole modeling during laser welding J Appl Phys 87 2000 4075 4083
55. R. Fabbro, S. Slimani, F. Coste, and F. Briand Study of keyhole behaviour for full penetration Nd-YAG CW laser welding J Phys D: Appl Phys 38 2005 1881 1887
56. 2 laser welding Proc SPIE 3888 2000 61 68
57. J.R. Pickens The weldability of lithium-containing aluminum-alloys J Mater Sci 20 1985 4247 4258
58. D. Dirk, S. Jens, L. Jens, B. Berndt, and B. Eckhard Laser beam welding of hard to weld Al alloys for a regional aircraft fuselage design Phys Procedia 12 2011 113 122
59. W.X. Yang, X.Y. Zhang, and R.S. Xiao Dual-beam laser welding of T-joint of aluminum-lithium alloy 2060-T8/2099-T83 Chinese J Laser 40 2013 0703001
60. H. Zhao, and T. DebRoy Macroporosity free aluminum alloy weldments through numerical simulation of keyhole mode laser welding J Appl Phys 93 2003 10089 10096
61. J. Rapp, C. Glumann, F. Dausinger, and H. Hügel Laser welding of aluminum lightweight materials: problems, solutions, readiness for application Opt Quant Electron 27 1995 1203 1211
62. F. Dausinger Laser welding of aluminum alloys: from fundamental investigation to industrial application Proc SPIE 3888 2000 367 379
63. R.S. Xiao, K. Chen, T.C. Zuo, G. Ambrosyb, and H. Hügel Influence of the wire addition direction Proc SPIE 4915 2002 128 137
64. K. Kamimuki, T. Inoue, K. Yasuda, M. Muro, T. Nakabayashi, and A. Matsunawa Prevention of welding defect by side gas flow and its monitoring method in continuous wave Nd:YAG laser welding J Laser Appl 14 2002 136 145
65. T. Iwase, H. Sakamoto, and K. Shibata Duel focus technique for high-power Nd:YAG laser welding of aluminum alloys Proc SPIE 2888 2000 348 358
66. W. Gref, A. Russ, M. Leimser, F. Dausinger, and H. Hügel Double focus technique: influence of focal distance and intensity distribution on the welding process Proc SPIE 4831 2003 289 294
67. F.Z. Michael, G. Paul, H. Sonja, and R. Markus Bifocal hybrid laser beam welding and friction stir welding of aluminium extrusion components Adv. Mater. Res. 43 2008 69 80
68. C.E. Cross, D.L. Olson, G.R. Edwards, and J.F. Capes Weldability of aluminum-lithium alloys Metall Soc AIME 1984 675 682
69. D.A. Porter, and K.E. Easterling Phase transformations in metals and alloys 2nd ed. 1992 Chapman and Hall London
70. J.C. Lippold, and W. Lin Weldability of commercial Al-Cu-Li alloys Mater Sci Forum 217 1996 1685 1690
71. S. Kou Welding metallurgy 2nd ed. 2003 Hoboken, NJ Wiley-Interscience
72. A. Twardowska, and J.P. Kusinski Laser welding of Al-Li-Mg-Zr alloy Proc SPIE 4238 2000 180 185
73. S. Kou Solidification and liquation cracking issues in welding JOM 55 2003 37 42
74. F.M. Ghaini, M. Sheikhi, M.J. Torkamany, and J. Sabbaghzadeh The relation between liquation and solidification cracks in pulsed laser welding of 2024 aluminium alloy Mater Sci Eng 519 2009 167 171
75. T. DebRoy, and S.A. David Physical processes in fusion welding Rev Mod Phys 67 1995 85 112
76. Y.W. Shi, F. Zhong, X.Y. Li, S.L. Gong, and L. Chen Effect of laser beam welding on tear toughness of a 1420 aluminum alloy thin sheet Mater Sci Eng 465 2007 153 159
77. P.A. Molian, and T.S. Srivatsan Weldability of aluminium-lithium alloy 2090 using laser welding J Mater Sci 25 1990 3347 3358
78. J.C. Huang, and S.C. Chen Comparison of post-weld microstructures and mechanical properties of electron-and laser-beam welded 8090 Al-Li alloy plates Mater Trans JIM 40 1999 1069 1078
79. M.F. Lee, J.C. Huang, and N.J. Ho Microstructural and mechanical characterization of laser-beam welding of a 8090 Al-Li thin sheet J Mater Sci 31 1996 1455 1468
80. A. Gutierrez, and J.C. Lippold A proposed mechanism for equiaxed grain formation along the fusion boundary in aluminum-copper-lithium alloy Weld J 77 1998 123 132
81. G.M. Reddy, A.A. Gokhale, K.S. Prasad, and K.P. Rao Chill zone formation in Al/Li alloy welds Sci Technol Weld Join 3 1998 208 212
82. L. Cui, X.Y. Li, D.Y. He, L. Chen, and S.L. Gong Microstructure and texture characterization in Nd:YAG laser welds of 5A90 aluminum-lithium alloys Rare Metal Mater Eng 40 2011 39 43
83. D.C. Lin, Y. He, Y.J. He, and Y.W. Shi Solidification structures of fusion zone in Al-Li alloy weld metal Mater Mech Eng 20 1996 10 12
84. D.C. Lin, G.X. Wang, and T.S. Srivatsan A mechanism for the formation of equiaxed grains in welds of aluminum-lithium alloy 2090 Mater Sci Eng 351 2003 304 309
85. 2 laser welding in the Al-Li alloy 8090 Scripta Metall Mater 31 1994 1717 1722
86. M.B.D. Ellis Fusion welding of aluminium-lithium alloys Weld Metal Fabric 64 1996 55 59
87. 2 Laser weld joint of 1420 aluminum-lithium alloy Chinese J Laser 36 2009 122 125