Virologic and immunologic outcomes of HIV-infected ugandan children randomized to lopinavir/ritonavir or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Volumn 65, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 535-541

  Ruel, Theodore D ^a   Kakuru, Abel ^b   Ikilezi, Gloria ^b   Mwangwa, Florence ^b   Dorsey, Grant ^a   Rosenthal, Philip J ^a   Charlebois, Edwin ^a   Havlir, Diane ^a   Kamya, Moses ^c   Achan, Jane ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESEARCH COLLABORATION   (Uganda)

^c MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES   (Uganda)

Author keywords

African; Children; Lopinavir; Virologic outcomes

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR; ABACAVIR PLUS LAMIVUDINE; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; EFAVIRENZ; LOPINAVIR PLUS RITONAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; STAVUDINE; VIRUS RNA; ZIDOVUDINE;

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; ARTICLE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUTROPENIA; OPEN STUDY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SIDE EFFECT; STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TOXIC HEPATITIS; TREATMENT DURATION; VIRUS INHIBITION;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DRUG-RELATED SIDE EFFECTS AND ADVERSE REACTIONS; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INFANT; LOPINAVIR; MALARIA; MALE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; RITONAVIR; RNA, VIRAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UGANDA; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 84897985684     PISSN: 15254135     EISSN: 10779450     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000071     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Achan J, Kakuru A, Ikilezi G, et al. Antiretroviral agents and prevention of malaria in HIV-infected Ugandan children. N Engl J Med. 2012;367: 2110-2118
2. Parikh S, Gut J, Istvan E, et al. Antimalarial activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005;49:2983-2985
3. Ikilezi G, Achan J, Kakuru A, et al. Prevalence of asymptomatic parasitemia and gametocytemia among HIV-infected Ugandan children randomized to receive different antiretroviral therapies. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;88:744-746
4. Coovadia A, Abrams EJ, Stehlau R, et al. Reuse of nevirapine in exposed HIV-infected children after protease inhibitor-based viral suppression: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;304:1082-1090
5. Violari A, Lindsey JC, Hughes MD, et al. Nevirapine versus ritonavirboosted lopinavir for HIV-infected children. N Engl J Med. 2012;366: 2380-2389
6. World Health Organization. Antiretroviral Therapy of HIV Infection in Infants and Children: Towards Universal Access: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach-2010 Revision. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2010
7. Working Group on Antiretroviral Therapy and Medical Management of HIV-Infected Children. Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroiviral Agents in Pediatric HIV Infection. Rockville, MD: National Institutes of Health; 2008. Available at: Http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines/archive/pediatricguidelines/. Accessed April 18, 2013
8. Antiretroviral Therapy of HIV Infection in Infants and Children in Resource-Limited Settings: Towards Universal Access. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2006;158. Available at: Http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/ guidelines/paediatric020907.pdf. Accessed December 12, 2013
9. Division of AIDS-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Division of AIDS Table for the Grading of the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events, Version 1.0, December 2004; Clarification August 2009. Available at: Http://rsc.tech-res.com/Document/safetyandpharmacovigilance/Table-for- Grading-Severity-of-Adult- Pediatric-Adverse-Events.pdf. Accessed April 18, 2013
10. Technical Guidelines Development Group. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. 2nd ed. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2010
11. Lockman S, Hughes MD, McIntyre J, et al. Antiretroviral therapies in women after single-dose nevirapine exposure. N Engl J Med. 2010;363: 1499-1509
12. Babiker A, Castro nee Green H, Compagnucci A, et al. First-line antiretroviral therapy with a protease inhibitor versus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and switch at higher versus low viral load in HIVinfected children: An open-label, randomised phase 2/3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011;11:273-283
13. Kamya MR, Mayanja-Kizza H, Kambugu A, et al. Predictors of longterm viral failure among Ugandan children and adults treated with antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;46:187-193
14. Viergever RF, ten Berg MJ, van Solinge WW, et al. Changes in hematological parameters after switching treatment of HIV-infected patients from zidovudine to abacavir or tenofovir DF. HIV Clin Trials. 2009;10:125-128
15. McComsey G, Bhumbra N, Ma JF, et al. Impact of protease inhibitor substitution with efavirenz in HIV-infected children: Results of the First Pediatric Switch Study. Pediatrics. 2003;111:e275-e281
16. Mallolas J, Podzamczer D, Milinkovic A, et al. Efficacy and safety of switching from boosted lopinavir to boosted atazanavir in patients with virological suppression receiving a LPV/r-containing HAART: The ATAZIP study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;51:29-36
17. Valantin MA, Bittar R, de Truchis P, et al. Switching the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor backbone to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate + emtricitabine promptly improves triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in dyslipidaemic patients. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2010;65:556-561
18. Gonzalez-Tome MI, Amador JT, Pena MJ, et al. Outcome of protease inhibitor substitution with nevirapine in HIV-1 infected children. BMC Infect Dis. 2008;8:144
19. Tang MW, Shafer RW. HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance: Scientific principles and clinical applications. Drugs. 2012;72:e1-e25
20. Kekitiinwa A, Asiimwe AR, Kasirye P, et al. Prospective long-term outcomes of a cohort of Ugandan children with laboratory monitoring during antiretroviral therapy. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012;31:e117-e125
21. Murphy RA, Sunpath H, Castilla C, et al. Second-line antiretroviral therapy: Long-term outcomes in South Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;61:158-163
22. Schoffelen AF, Wensing AM, Tempelman HA, et al. Sustained virological response on second-line antiretroviral therapy following virological failure in HIV-infected patients in rural South Africa. PLoS One. 2013;8:e58526
23. Zanoni BC, Sunpath H, Feeney ME. Pediatric response to secondline antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. PLoS One. 2012;7: E49591
24. Bartlett JA, Fath MJ, Demasi R, et al. An updated systematic overview of triple combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected adults. AIDS. 2006;20:2051-2064
25. Dronda F, Moreno S, Moreno A, et al. Long-term outcomes among antiretroviral-naive human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with small increases in CD4+ cell counts after successful virologic suppression. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:1005-1009
26. Barreiro P, Soriano V, Casas E, et al. Different degree of immune recovery using antiretroviral regimens with protease inhibitors or non-nucleosides. AIDS. 2002;16:245-249
27. Riddler SA, Haubrich R, DiRienzo AG, et al. Class-sparing regimens for initial treatment of HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2008;358: 2095-2106
28. Palumbo P, Lindsey JC, Hughes MD, et al. Antiretroviral treatment for children with peripartum nevirapine exposure. N Engl J Med. 2010;363: 1510-1520
29. Lubega IR, Fowler MG, Musoke PM, et al. Considerations in using USbased laboratory toxicity tables to evaluate laboratory toxicities among healthy Malawian and Ugandan infants. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;55:58-64
30. Médecins Sans Frontières Access Campaign. Untangling the Web of Antiretrovirtal Price Reductions. 16th ed. Médecins Sans Frontières: Geneva, Switzerland; 2013. Available at: Http://www. msfaccess.org. Accessed December 12, 2013
31. World Health Organization. Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretrovrial Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2013 Development