Cannabis use and neurocognitive functioning in a non-clinical sample of users

Addictive Behaviors

Volumn 39, Issue 5, 2014, Pages 994-999

  Thames, April D ^a   Arbid, Natalie ^b   Sayegh, Philip ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b VA GREATER LOS ANGELES HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

Abstinence; Abuse; Cannabis; Cognition; Past use; Premorbid IQ

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; CANNABIS;

ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CANNABIS USE; COGNITION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; SEX DIFFERENCE; WORKING MEMORY; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CANNABIS ADDICTION; CHEMICALLY INDUCED; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMPLICATION; DRUG EFFECTS; SHORT TERM MEMORY;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; COGNITION DISORDERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MARIJUANA ABUSE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM;

EID: 84897954410     PISSN: 03064603     EISSN: 18736327     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.01.019     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Abdullaez Y., Posner M.I., Nunnally R., Dishion T.J. Functional MRI evidence for inefficient attentional control in adolescent chronic cannabis abuse. Behavioural Brain Research 2010, 215:45-47. 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.06.023.
2. Battisti R.A., Roodenrys S., Johnstone S.J., Pesa N., Hermens D.F., Solowij N. Chronic cannabis user show altered neurophysiological functioning on Stroop task conflict resolution. Psychopharmacology 2010, 212:613-624. 10.1007/s00213-010-1988-3.
3. Benedict R. Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised professional manual 1997, Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., Odessa, FL.
4. Benjamini Y., Hochberg Y. On the adaptive control of the false discovery rate in multiple testing with independent statistics. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 2000, 25:60-83. 10.2307/1165312.
5. Bolla K.I., Eldreth D.A., Matochik J.A., Cadet J.L. Neural substrates of faulty decision-making in abstinent marijuana users. NeuroImage 2005, 26:480-492. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.02.012.
6. Bisogno T., Di Marzo V. Cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoids: Role in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. CNS and Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2010, 9:564-573. 10.2174/187152710793361568.
7. Brandt J., Benedict R.H. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test - Revised 2001, Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., Lutz, FL.
8. Brown S.A., Tapert S.F., Granholm E., Delis D.C. Neurocognitive functioning of adolescents: Effects of protracted alcohol use. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 2000, 24:164-171. 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb04586.x.
9. Chang L., Yakupov R., Cloak C., Ernst T. Marijuana use is associated with a reorganized visual-attention network and cerebellar hypoactivation. Brain 2006, 129:1096-1112. 10.1093/brain/awl064.
10. Crean R.D., Crane N.A., Mason B.J. An evidence-based review of acute and long-term effects of cannabis use on executive cognitive functions. Journal of Addiction Medicine 2011, 5:1-8. 10.1097/ADM.0b013e31820c23fa.
11. Dragt S., Nieman D.H., Becker H.E., van de Fliert R., Dingemans P.M., de Haan L., et al. Age of onset of cannabis use is associated with age of onset of high-risk symptoms for psychosis. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2010, 55:165-171. (PMID: 20370967).
12. Eggan S.M., Lewis D.A. Immunocytochemical distribution of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in the primate neocortex: A regional and laminar analysis. Cerebral Cortex 2007, 17(1):175-191.
13. Fergusson D.M., Boden J.M. Cannabis use and later life outcomes. Addiction 2008, 103:969-976. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02221.x.
14. First M.B., Spitzer R.L., Gibbon M., Williams J.B.W. Structured Clinical Interview for Axis-I DSM-IV Disorders - Patient edition (SCID-I/P) 1995, Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York.
15. Folstein M.F., Folstein S.E., McHugh P.R. "Mini-mental state:" A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research 1975, 12:189-198. 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6.
16. Fried P., Watkinson B., James D., Gray R. Current and former marijuana use: Preliminary findings of a longitudinal study of effects on IQ in young adults. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2002, 166:887-891. (PMID:11949984).
17. Gerdeman G.L., Ronesi J., Lovinger D.M. Postsynaptic endocannabinoid release is critical to long-term depression in the striatum. Nature Neuroscience 2002, 5:446-451. 10.1038/nn832.
18. Giancola P.R., Shoal G.D., Mezzich A.C. Constructive thinking, executive functioning, antisocial behavior, and drug use involvement in adolescent females with a substance use disorder. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2001, 9:215-227. 10.1037/1064-1297.9.2.215.
19. Golden C. Stroop Color and Word Test 1978, Stoelting Company, Chicago, IL.
20. Gonzalez R. Acute and non-acute effects of cannabis on brain functioning and neuropsychological performance. Neuropsychology Review 2007, 17:347-361. 10.1007/s11065-007-9036-8.
21. Gonzalez R., Schuster R.M., Mermelstein R.J., Vassileva J., Martin E.M., Diviak K.R. Performance of young adult cannabis users on neurocognitive measures of impulsive behavior and their relationship to symptoms of cannabis use disorders. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 2012, 34:962-976. 10.1080/13803395.2012.703642.
22. Grant I., Gonzalez R., Carey C.L., Natarajan L., Wolfson T. Non-acute (residual) neurocognitive effects of cannabis use: A meta-analytic study. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2003, 9:679-689. 10.1017/S1355617703950016.
23. Grant J.E., Chamberlain S.R., Schreiber L., Odlaug B.L. Neuropsychological deficits associated with cannabis use in young adults. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2012, 121:159-162. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011. 08.015.
24. Grotenhermen F. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids. Clinical Pharmacokinetics 2003, 42:327-360. 10.2165/00003088-200342040-00003.
25. Gunning-Dixon F.M., Raz N. Neuroanatomical correlates of selected executive functions in middle-aged and older adults: A prospective MRI study. Neuropsychologia 2003, 41:1929-1941.
26. Hart C.L., van Gorp W., Haney M., Foltin R.W., Fischman M.W. Effects of acute smoked marijuana on complex cognitive performance. Neuropsychopharmacology 2001, 25:757-765. 10.1016/S0893-133X(01)00273-1.
27. Heaton R.K., Grant I., Butters N., White D.A., Kirson D., Atkinson J.H., et al. The HNRC 500 - Neuropsychology of HIV infection at different disease stages. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 1995, 1:231-251. 10.1017/S1355617700000230.
28. Heaton R.K., Grant I., Matthews C.G. Comprehensive norms for an expanded Halstead-Reitan Battery: Demographic corrections, research findings, and clinical applications 1991, Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, FL.
29. Heifets B.D., Castillo P.E. Endocannabinoid signaling and long-term synaptic plasticity. Annual Review of Physiology 2009, 71:283-306. 10.1146/annurev.physiol.010908.163149.
30. Hanson K.L., Winward J.L., Schweinsburg A.D., Medina K.L., Brown S.A., Tapert S.F. Longitudinal study of cognition among adolescent marijuana users over three weeks of abstinence. Addictive Behaviors 2010, 35:970-976. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.06.012.
31. Hanson K.L., Medina K.L., Padula C.B., Tapert S.F., Brown S.A. Impact of adolescent alcohol and drug use on neuropsychological functioning in young adulthood: 10-Year outcomes. Journal of Child and Adolescent Substance Abuse 2011, 20:135-154. 10.1080/1067828X.2011.555272.
32. Harvey M.A., Sellman J.D., Porter R.J., Frampton C.M. The relationship between non-acute adolescent cannabis use and cognition. Drug and Alcohol Review 2007, 26:309-319. 10.1080/09595230701247772.
33. Hirvonen J., Goodwin R.S., Li C.T., Terry G.E., Zoghbi S.S., Morse C., et al. Reversible and regionally selective downregulation of brain cannabinoid CB1 receptors in chronic daily cannabis smokers. Molecular Psychiatry 2012, 17:642-649.
34. Kanayama G., Rogowska J., Pope H.G., Gruber S.A., Yurgelun-Todd D.A. Spatial working memory in heavy cannabis users: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychopharmacology 2004, 176:239-247. 10.1007/s00213-004-1885-8.
35. Lane S.D., Cherek D.R., Tcheremissine O.V., Lieving L.M., Pietras C.J. Acute marijuana effects on human risk taking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005, 30:800-809. 10.1038/sj.npp.1300620.
36. Lisdahl K.M., Price J.S. Increased marijuana use and gender predict poorer cognitive functioning in adolescents and emerging adults. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2012, 18:678-688. 10.1017/S1355617712000276.
37. Lisdahl K.M., Thayer R., Squeglia L., McQueeny T.M., Tapert S.T. Recent binge drinking predicts smaller cerebellar volumes in adolescents. Psychiatry Research 2013, 211:17-23. 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.07.009.
38. Manly J.J., Jacobs D.M., Touradji P., Small S.A., Stern Y. Reading level attenuates differences in neuropsychological test performance between African American and White elders. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2002, 8:341-348. 10.1017/S1355617702813157.
39. Mathias C.W., Blumenthal T.D., Dawes M.A., Liguori A., Richard D.M., Bray B., et al. Failure to sustain prepulse inhibition in adolescent marijuana users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 2011, 116:110-116. 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.020.
40. McHale S., Hunt N. Executive function deficits in short-term abstinent cannabis users. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical & Experimental 2008, 23:409-415. 10.1002/hup.941.
41. Medina K.L., Schweinsburg A.D., Cohen-Zion M., Nagel B.J., Tapert S.F. Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 2007, 29:141-152. 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.10.010.
42. Meier M.H., Caspi A., Ambler A., Harrington H., Houts R., Keefe R.S.E., et al. Persistent cannabis users show neuropsychological decline from childhood to midlife. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012, 109. (E2657-EE2664). 10.1073/pnas.1206820109.
43. Miller L.S., Rohling M.L. A statistical interpretive method for neuropsychological test data. Neuropsychology Review 2001, 11:143-169.
44. Pope H.G., Gruber A.J., Hudson J.I., Huestis M.A., Yurgelun-Todd D. Neuropsychological performance in long-term cannabis users. Archives of General Psychiatry 2001, 58:909-915. 10.1001/archpsyc.58.10.909.
45. Pope H.G., Gruber A.J., Hudson J.I., Huestis M.A., Yurgelun-Todd D. Cognitive measures in long-term cannabis users. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 2002, 42:41S-47S. (PMID:12412835).
46. Pope H.G., Yurgelun-Todd D. The residual cognitive effects of heavy marijuana use in college students. The Journal of the American Medical Association 1996, 275:521-527. 10.1001/jama.275.7.521.
47. Ramaekers J.G., Kauert G., van Ruitenbeek P., Theunissen E.L., Schneider E., Moeller M.R. High-potency marijuana impairs executive function and inhibitory motor control. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006, 31:2296-2303. 10.1038/sj.npp.1301068.
48. Ranganathan M., D'Souza D.C. The acute effects of cannabinoids on memory in humans: A review. Psychopharmacology 2006, 188:425-444. 10.1007/s00213-006-0508-y.
49. Reitan R.M. Validity of the Trail Making test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills 1958, 8:271-276. 10.2466/pms.1958.8.3.271.
50. Schreiner A.M., Dunn M.E. Residual effects of cannabis use on neurocognitive performance after prolonged abstinence: A meta-analysis. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2012, 20:420-429. 10.1037/a0029117.
51. Schuster R.M., Crane N.A., Mermelstein R., Gonzalez R. The influence of inhibitory control and episodic memory on the risky sexual behavior of young adult cannabis users. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2012, 18:827-833. 10.1017/S1355617712000586.
52. Sher K.J., Martin E.D., Wood P.K., Rutledge P.C. Alcohol use disorders and neuropsychological functioning in first-year undergraduates. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 1997, 5:304-315. 10.1037/1064-1297.5.3.304.
53. Solowij N., Jones K.A., Rozman M.E., Davis S.M., Ciarrochi J., Heaven P.C., et al. Reflection impulsivity in adolescent cannabis users: A comparison with alcohol-using and non-substance-using adolescents. Psychopharmacology 2012, 219:575-586. 10.1007/s00213-011-2486-y.
54. Solowij N., Michie P.T., Fox A.M. Differential impairments of selective attention due to frequency and duration of cannabis use. Biological Psychiatry 1995, 15:731-739. 10.1016/0006-3223(94)00178-6.
55. Solowij N., Stephens R., Roffman R., Babor T., Kadden R., Miller M., et al. Cognitive functioning of long-term heavy cannabis users seeking treatment. Journal of the American Medical Association 2002, 287:1123-1131. 10.1001/jama.287.9.1123.
56. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Results from the 2011 national survey on drug use and health: Summary of national findings. NSDUH Series H-44, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 12-4713 2012, SAMHSA, Rockville, MD.
57. Tapert S.F., Granholm E., Leedy N.G., Brown S.A. Substance use and withdrawal: Neuropsychological functioning over 8years in youth. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2002, 8:873-883. 10.1017/S1355617702870011.
58. Tapert S.F., Brown S.A. Neuropsychological correlates of adolescent substance abuse: Four-year outcomes. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 1999, 5:481-493. 10.1017/S1355617799566010.
59. Theunissen E.L., Kauert G.F., Toennes S.W., Moeller M.R., Sambeth A., Blanchard M.M., et al. Neurophysioloigcal functioning of occasional and heavy cannabis users during THC intoxication. Psychopharmacology 2012, 220:341-350. 10.1007/s00213-011-2479-x.
60. Verdejo-García A., Fagundo A.B., Cuenca A., Rodriguez J., Cuyas E., Langohr K., et al. COMT val158met and 5-HTTLPR genetic polymorphisms moderate executive control in cannabis users. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013, 38:1598-1606. 10.1038/npp.2013.59.
61. Wechsler D. Wechsler Test of Adult Reading 2001, The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX.
62. Wechsler D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 2008, Pearson, San Antonio, TX. 4th ed.
63. Yasuda H., Huang Y., Tsumoto T. Regulation of excitability and plasticity by endocannabinoids and PKA in developing hippocampus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008, 105:3106-3111. 10.1073/pnas.0708349105.